Effects of temperatures on survival of Aphelenchoides besseyi in prolonged storage of rice grains

Nematology ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 22 (10) ◽  
pp. 1169-1177
Author(s):  
Shigeru Hoshino ◽  
Katsumi Togashi
Keyword(s):  
Survival Rate ◽  
Storage Period ◽  
Seed Storage ◽  
Middle Part ◽  
Prolonged Storage ◽  
Instantaneous Rate ◽  
Aphelenchoides Besseyi ◽  
Different Temperatures ◽  
Effects Of Temperature ◽  
Rice Seeds

Summary The white-tip nematode, Aphelenchoides besseyi, is a seed-borne ectoparasite of the rice plant Oryza sativa. Nematodes in dried rice seeds are in dehydrated quiescence or anhydrobiosis and are reactivated by rehydration. To understand the persistent parasitism better, the effects of temperature on nematode survival were examined during prolonged periods of seed storage. There was a marked difference in the survival rate among different temperatures; survival was lower at 20 and 25°C than at −5 to 10°C after storage for 190 days. No nematodes survived a storage period of 1313 days at 20 and 25°C. When rice seeds were held at 5°C, the survival rate of nematodes decreased during a period of 7315 days. The estimated instantaneous rate of mortality per month was higher in the early and late parts of the period than in the middle part. Another nematode population also showed a reduction in the survival rate during 6553 days storage at 5°C. In storage at −30°C, survival was not affected during a period of 6485 days. After storage at −30°C for 6546 days, 96% of rice seeds germinated, whereas 60-96% of seeds of two groups germinated after storage at 5°C for 6610-7373 days. Therefore, prolonged storage of rice seeds at 5 or −30°C was unlikely to disrupt the connection between rice plants and A. besseyi.

scholarly journals Effects of temperature on growth performance, survival rate, digestive enzyme activities and physiological parameters of striped snakehead (Channa striata) at fry stage

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (Aquaculture) ◽  
pp. 10-20
Author(s):  
Thi Thanh Huong Do ◽  
Thi Kim Ha Nguyen ◽  
Tinh Em Nguyen ◽  
Minh Ky Tang ◽  
Takagi Yasuaki ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Survival Rate ◽  
Growth Performance ◽  
Enzyme Activities ◽  
Blood Cells ◽  
Digestive Enzyme ◽  
Physiological Parameters ◽  
Different Temperatures ◽  
Channa Striata ◽  
Digestive Enzyme Activities ◽  
Effects Of Temperature

The effects of temperature on growth performance, survival rate, digestive enzymatic activities, and physiological responses of striped snakehead (Channa striata) at fry stage were evaluated. The study consisted of two trials including (1) determination of temperature threshold and (2) effects of different temperatures (24°C, 27°C (control), 30°C, 33°C and 36°C) on growth performance, survival rate, digestive enzyme activities and physiological parameters of striped snakehead fry stage for 90 days. The growth experiment was conducted in 500-L tank (250-L water) with triplicates. The stocking density was 300 individuals per tank. Striped snakehead at fry stage showed a high tolerance to temperature ranging from 10 to 40ºC. After 90 days, fish reared in 30°C performed the greatest weight and survival rate (13.1±3.12 g/fish and 15.5±4.63%, respectively). The number of red blood cells and hemoglobin concentrations increased with the increase in temperature. It was discovered that different temperatures (from 27 to 36°C) did not significantly influence the number of white blood cells, osmolality, and ion concentration of fish. Glucose and cortisol concentrations increased with temperature rises and peaked in fish reared at 36°C, while temperatures of 30oC and 33oC showed higher digestive enzyme activities. It proves that 30°C is the optimal level for striped snakehead fry rearing.

scholarly journals Physalis peruviana seed storage

2016 ◽  
Vol 20 (3) ◽  
pp. 263-268 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cíntia L. M. de Souza ◽  
Manuela O. de Souza ◽  
Ronaldo S. Oliveira ◽  
Claudineia R. Pelacani
Keyword(s):  
Moisture Content ◽  
Chloride Solution ◽  
Storage Period ◽  
Seed Storage ◽  
Germination Percentage ◽  
Physalis Peruviana ◽  
High Germination ◽  
Different Temperatures ◽  
Solanaceae Family ◽  
Kinetics Of

ABSTRACT Physalis peruviana belongs to Solanaceae family and has a high nutritional and nutraceutical potential. The production is intended for fruit consumption and the propagation is mainly by seeds. This study aimed to evaluate the influence of priming on the kinetics of germination of P. peruviana seeds stored at different temperatures. The seeds were stored at 5 and 25 °C in a chamber saturated with zinc chloride solution and in liquid nitrogen (-196 °C). Every 4 months, the seeds were removed from storage for evaluation of germination and moisture content in the laboratory and emergence and development of seedlings in greenhouse. During the last evaluation at 16 months, the seeds under the same conditions were subjected to salt stress. The moisture content varied during the storage period, but was always higher for seeds kept at -196 ºC. These seeds kept high germination percentage in water until 16 months, regardless of the tested temperature; however, in salt solution the germination percentage was significantly reduced.

scholarly journals The effects of temperature on aberrant ascus frequencies at the Buff locus in Sordaria brevicollis

1975 ◽  
Vol 26 (2) ◽  
pp. 127-135 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. F. Ahmad
Keyword(s):  
Single Point ◽  
Different Temperatures ◽  
Effects Of Temperature

SUMMARYSingle-point crosses using five allelic spore colour mutants at the buff locus were carried out at different temperatures. The data suggest (i) that fixed or preferred opening points in the DNA, required for initiation of recombination events, are available more often at higher than at lower temperatures, (ii) opening points at or beyond both proximal and distal ends of the buff locus respond similarly to variations in temperature, and (iii) the correction pattern seems to be independent of temperature at the buff locus in S. brevicollis.

scholarly journals The Investigation of Effects of Temperature and Nanoparticles Volume Fraction on the Viscosity of Copper Oxide-ethylene Glycol Nanofluids

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammad Hemmat Esfe
Keyword(s):  
Ethylene Glycol ◽  
Copper Oxide ◽  
Volume Fraction ◽  
Relative Viscosity ◽  
Experimental Results ◽  
Different Temperatures ◽  
Nanoparticles Volume Fraction ◽  
Effects Of Temperature ◽  
Nanofluid Viscosity ◽  
Experimental Values

In the present article, the effects of temperature and nanoparticles volume fraction on the viscosity of copper oxide-ethylene glycol nanofluid have been investigated experimentally. The experiments have been conducted in volume fractions of 0 to 1.5 % and temperatures from 27.5 to 50 °C. The shear stress computed by experimental values of viscosity and shear rate for volume fraction of 1% and in different temperatures show that this nanofluid has Newtonian behaviour. The experimental results reveal that in a given volume fraction when temperature increases, viscosity decreases, but relative viscosity varies. Also, in a specific temperature, nanofluid viscosity and relative viscosity increase when volume fraction increases. The maximum amount of increase in relative viscosity is 82.46% that occurs in volume fraction of 1.5% and temperature of 50 °C. Some models of computing nanofluid viscosity have been suggested. The greatest difference between the results obtained from these models and experimental results was down of 4 percent that shows that there is a very good agreement between experimental results and the results obtained from these models.

Ageing in embryos from wheat grains stored at different temperatures: oxidative stress and antioxidant response

2011 ◽  
Vol 38 (7) ◽  
pp. 624 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carmelina Spanò ◽  
Stefania Bottega ◽  
Roberto Lorenzi ◽  
Isa Grilli
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Low Temperature ◽  
Seed Viability ◽  
Storage Period ◽  
Antioxidant Response ◽  
Protective Role ◽  
Native Page ◽  
Wheat Grains ◽  
Different Temperatures ◽  
Enzymatic Machinery

In the present work we studied oxidative stress as an important cause of seed deterioration during ageing in embryos from durum wheat grains stored at room temperature and at low temperature (10°C). The protective role of low temperature on seed viability was confirmed. The increase of hydrogen peroxide content during dry storage was strongly correlated with the decrease of germinability. Ascorbate and glutathione showed a good correlation with grain germinability and significantly increased upon imbibition, in particular in embryos from viable grains. Ascorbate peroxidase (APX), dehydroascorbate reductase (DHAR), glutathione reductase (GR), glutathione peroxidase (GPX) and catalase (CAT) were studied quantitatively (enzymatic assays). APX, GR, and GPX were also studied qualitatively by native PAGE. The enzymes were active in dry, still viable, embryos whereas no activity was detected in non-viable embryos. With the exception of APX, all enzymatic activities decreased upon imbibition. The study of grains stored in different conditions indicated a negative correlation between the efficiency of the antioxidant enzymatic machinery and the age of the grain. The differences detected in differently stored materials confirmed that both germination parameters and the length of storage period are important in determining grain condition.

scholarly journals Influence of lignin content in soybean seed coat on the incidence of the storage fungus Aspergillus flavus

2012 ◽  
Vol 34 (4) ◽  
pp. 541-548 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ísis Barreto Dantas ◽  
João Almir de Oliveira ◽  
Heloisa Oliveira dos Santos ◽  
Édila Vilela Resende Von Pinho ◽  
Sttela Dellyzete Veiga Franco da Rosa
Keyword(s):  
Electrical Conductivity ◽  
Aspergillus Flavus ◽  
Seed Coat ◽  
Seed Quality ◽  
Lignin Content ◽  
Soybean Seed ◽  
Storage Period ◽  
Seed Storage ◽  
Seed Health ◽  
Physiological Quality

Seed quality may be affected by several factors, including permeability, color, and lignin content in the seed coat. This study aimed at evaluating influence of lignin content in the tegument of seed samples of six different soybean cultivars, in which half of each sample was inoculated with the fungus Aspergillus flavus, on the physical and physiological quality, and on the seed health, during 180 days storage period, under cold chamber with controlled conditions of temperature and RH. For that, at each interval of 60 days, samples were removed, and the physiological quality of these seeds was assessed by means of moisture and lignin contents; and by tests of seed health, germination, and electrical conductivity. The moisture content of seeds remained constant during all storage period. In the seed health test, it was found that inoculation was efficient, once the minimum incidence of the fungus in the inoculated seeds was 85%. In the germination test, there was a trend of reduction on percentage germination with the increase in storage period. However, there was an increase on electrical conductivity of seeds assessed. It was concluded that there is no interference of the lignin content in the seed coat on the resistance to infection by the fungus Aspergillus flavus, even after seed storage for a period of 180 days.

scholarly journals Biological features of seeds of a wild-growing species of Poterium polygamum

2022 ◽  
Vol 354 (11-12) ◽  
pp. 97-99
Author(s):  
M. A. Starostina ◽  
N. G. Lapenko
Keyword(s):  
Natural Population ◽  
Seed Viability ◽  
Storage Period ◽  
Seed Storage ◽  
Scientific Basis ◽  
The Third ◽  
Biological Features ◽  
High Germination ◽  
Grass Stand ◽  
The Subject

Relevance. Biological features (morphometric indicators, viability and germinating power) of Poterium polygamum seeds found in natural communites of the Stavropol Territory have been studied. The conservation of wild-growing plant species in the natural population and the rational use of their potential are relevant.Methods. Years of study — 2013–2021. The subject of the study is Poterium polygamum seeds. Seeds were collected in 2013. Studies were carried out according to the methods of studying seed material. Freshly harvested seeds and seeds of different shelf life were germinated in petri dishes at a temperature of 18–20 °C.Results. The collected seeds of Poterium polygamum are quite large. The length of the seeds is 4–5 mm, the width is about 2.5 mm. The mass of 1000 pieces of seeds on average was 10.59 grams. Complete absence of viability of freshly harvested Poterium polygamum seeds was revealed. After three months, seed viability was 97%. This is a shallow physiological rest associated with the post-harvest maturation period. During the storage of seeds, their high germination was established — from 70 to 100%. The duration of seed storage is 8 years. The largest number of germinated seeds and their germinating power were noted in the third year of their storage (100%). Seeds germinated on the third or fourth day. The differences between the viability of seeds and their germinating power are not great. In the eighth year of storage of Poterium polygamum seeds, viability and germinating power were slightly reduced. The storage period of seeds, in which they retain the ability to germinate and the germinating power, is long. It has been found that the wild species Poterium polygamum belongs to plants with a high (70 to 100%) viability. This species is regularly resumed in the natural population. The revealed biological features of Poterium polygamum seeds can become the scientific basis during the reconstruction of degraded natural grass stand and in selection work.

scholarly journals Pola Penurunan Viabilitas dan Pengembangan Metode Pendugaan Vigor Daya Simpan Benih Pepaya (Carica Papaya L.)

2017 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 146
Author(s):  
Astryani Rosyad ◽  
M. Rahmad Suhartanto ◽  
Abdul Qadir
Keyword(s):  
Moisture Content ◽  
Aging Time ◽  
Seed Quality ◽  
Initial Moisture Content ◽  
Accelerated Aging ◽  
Storage Period ◽  
Seed Storage ◽  
Seed Vigor ◽  
Develop Model ◽  
Papaya Seed

<p>ABSTRACT<br />Information of seed quality during storage can be determined through the actual storage and storability vigor estimation. This study aimed at comparing effective accelerated aging method<br />between physical and chemical, and studying the seed deterioration during storage in ambient (T =28-30 0C, RH=75-78%) and AC (T =18-20 0C, RH =51-60%) condition with three levels of initial moisture content (8-10%, 10-12%, and 12-14%) for 20 weeks. The final objective of this research<br />was to develop model for storability vigor of papaya seed. Two experiments, accelerated aging and seed storage were conducted at Seed Laboratory, Department of Agronomy and Horticulture, Bogor Agricultural University from October 2015 to May 2016. A completely randomized design with nested factors and four replications was applied to both experiments. The results showed that physical accelerated aging using IPB 77-1 MMM machine was more effective than chemical accelerated aging using IPB 77-1 MM machine for papaya seed. The viability of seed stored in AC condition remained high until the end of the storage period, whereas it declined at 16 week storage period in the ambient condition. The viability of seed with initial moisture content of 12-14% declined faster than that of initial moisture content of 8-10% after 18 week storage periode. The model used to estimate the storability vigor of papaya seed accurately was the equation y = a + b expcx where y : storability vigor estimation, x : aging time and a,b,c : constant value. Simulation of storability vigor estimation with constant value of a, b, c and input of aging time can estimate storability seed vigor in actual storage.<br />Keywords: accelerated aging, IPB 77-1 MM machine, IPB 77-1 MMM machine, seed storage, simulation</p><p>ABSTRAK<br />Informasi mutu benih selama penyimpanan dapat diketahui melalui penyimpanan secara aktual dan pendugaan vigor daya simpan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk membandingkan metode<br />pengusangan cepat yang efektif antara fisik dengan kimia serta mempelajari pola penurunan viabilitas benih selama penyimpanan aktual pada kondisi simpan kamar (suhu =28-30 0C, RH =75-78%) dan AC (suhu =18-20 0C, RH =51-60%) dengan tiga tingkat kadar air awal (8-10%, 10-12%, dan 12-14%) selama 20 minggu. Tujuan akhirnya adalah membangun model vigor daya simpan benih pepaya. Penelitian pengusangan cepat dan penyimpanan dilakukan pada bulan Oktober 2015 sampai Mei 2016 di Laboratorium Benih, Departemen Agronomi dan Hortikultura, Institut Pertanian<br />Bogor. Kedua penelitian menggunakan rancangan acak lengkap tersarang dengan empat ulangan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pengusangan cepat secara fisik dengan alat IPB 77-1 MMM lebih efektif daripada pengusangan kimia dengan alat IPB 77-1 MM untuk benih pepaya. Viabilitas benih yang disimpan pada kondisi AC tetap tinggi hingga akhir periode simpan, sedangkan pada kondisi kamar penurunan viabilitas dimulai pada periode simpan 16 minggu. Benih yang disimpan dengan tingkat KA awal sebesar 12-14% lebih cepat mengalami penurunan viabilitas mulai periode simpan 18 minggu dibandingkan dengan benih dengan KA awal 8-10%. Hasil penelitian juga menunjukkan terdapat korelasi yang erat antara pola kemunduran benih pada pengusangan cepat dan penyimpanan aktual, sehingga model pendugaan vigor daya simpan (y) berdasarkan waktu pengusangan (x) dapat disusun dengan persamaan y = a + b expcx. Simulasi pendugaan vigor daya simpan dengan nilai konstanta a, b, dan c serta input waktu pengusangan dapat menduga vigor daya simpan benih selama penyimpanan aktual.<br />Kata kunci: alat IPB 77-1 MM, alat IPB 77-1 MMM, pengusangan cepat, penyimpanan benih,<br />simulasi</p>

scholarly journals Pengaruh Suhu terhadap Perkembangan Pradewasa Parasitoid Eriborus argenteopilosus Cameron (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonidae)

2012 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 250
Author(s):  
Novri Nelly ◽  
Trimurti Habazar ◽  
Rahmat Syahni ◽  
Damayanti Buchori
Keyword(s):  
Survival Rate ◽  
Temperature Effect ◽  
Development Time ◽  
Degree Days ◽  
Degree Day ◽  
Adult Parasitoid ◽  
Different Temperatures ◽  
Lepidoptera Pyralidae

Temperature effect on development time of the preadult parasitoid Eriborus argenteopilosus Cameron(Hymenoptera: Ichneumonidae) were studied to know development time, degree days and survival rate.Crocidolomia pavonana (Fabricius)(Lepidoptera: Pyralidae) larvae was exposed to E. argenteopilosus female andreared at four different temperatures i.e 160C, 200C, 250C and 300C. Data were analyzed using anova and linearregression to calculate degree day. At 200C E. argenteopilosus showed the highest degree day and survival rate(18.67 %), while at 300C nothing adult parasitoid emergenced. Degree day to development time of parasitoid attemperature 200C i.e fase egg-adult: 300.05; egg-pupae 173.35; pupae-adult 171.

scholarly journals Prolonged Storage of Lemons Using Individual Seal-packaging

1990 ◽  
Vol 115 (2) ◽  
pp. 251-255 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Cohen ◽  
S. Lurie ◽  
B. Shapiro ◽  
S. Ben-Yehoshua ◽  
Y. Shalom ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Potential ◽  
Water Relations ◽  
High Density Polyethylene ◽  
Storage Period ◽  
High Density ◽  
Prolonged Storage ◽  
Citrus Limon ◽  
Plastic Film ◽  
Maturity Indices

`Eureka' lemons [Citrus limon (L.) Burro. f.] treated for commercial storage were held for 6 months at 13C. One-half of the fruits were individually sealed in high-density polyethylene (HDPE) plastic film and half not sealed. The HDPE-seaIed lemons showed little change in the water relations characteristics, while unsealed lemons lost weight and decreased in water potential throughout the storage period. The maturity indices in the two treatments were generally similar during the first 3 months of storage, after which maturation of wrapped fruit was slower than that of the control. The overall marketable quality of the fruit was higher in HDPE-sealed lemons than in unsealed. From these results, it appears feasible to introduce seal packaging in packing lines where lemons will be placed in extended storage.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document