A New Page of Literati Painting from Singapore and Malaysia: A Study of Chen Wen Hsi and Chung Chen Sun

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 93-130
Author(s):  
Ling-Ting Chiu
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Fine Arts ◽  
Guangdong Province ◽  
Literati Painting ◽  
New Development ◽  
Western Theory ◽  
History Of ◽  
Post War ◽  
The Cold War ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract In the early twentieth century, Chinese literati painting was embroiled in arguments on the relationship between ancient and modern or east and west. Therefore, the artistic practices of Wu Changshuo, Chen Shizeng, Qi Baishi, Xu Beihong and so on, were in response to this development. However, with the occurrence of World War ii and changes in the post-war situation, literati painting underwent further, new changes in different regions. This article intends to discuss the overseas Chinese painters Chen Wen Hsi and Chung Chen Sun as examples in exploring the new development of literati painting in Singapore and Malaysia in the second half of the twentieth century. Chen Wen Hsi was born in Jieyang County, Guangdong Province in 1906. He studied at Shanghai Fine Arts College and Xinhua Art College. He went to Singapore and held an exhibition in 1948. In 1950, he taught at The Chinese High School, and the following year also began teaching Chinese ink painting at Nanyang Fine Arts College. Chung Chen Sun, a native of Mei County, Guangdong Province, was born in 1935 in Malacca, Malaysia. In 1953, he entered the Department of Art Education of Nanyang Academy of Fine Arts, which was founded by Lim Hak Tai. Chung was inspired by predecessors such as Cheong Soo-pien, Chen Wen Hsi and Chen Chong-swee who had pursued the Nanyang style. In 1967, Chung founded the Malaysian Academy of Art. Their styles of painting not only incorporate the Eastern aesthetics and Western theory but also include diverse elements. Their paintings wrote a new page in the history of literati painting during the Cold War era.

A POLITICAL HISTORY OF THE CONSUMER

2004 ◽  
Vol 47 (3) ◽  
pp. 709-736 ◽  
Author(s):  
SHERYL KROEN
Keyword(s):  
The United States ◽  
International Negotiation ◽  
Marshall Plan ◽  
Social Citizenship ◽  
Political Narrative ◽  
The Us ◽  
History Of ◽  
Post War ◽  
The Cold War ◽  
The Relationship

This article examines the relationship between the consumer and the citizen from the eighteenth century to the present in Europe and the United States. Part I highlights the political narrative underlying the opposition between courtly consumption (absolutism) and the inconspicuous consumption of the middling sorts, and explores early formulations of the relationship between consumption and democracy. Part II looks at the first half of the nineteenth century, defined by the opposition between consumers (coded feminine, and as ‘despised’) and citizens (coded masculine, and as ‘restrained’). Part III goes from the 1860s to the 1930s. American historians have emphasized the positive political agency of consumers in this period, and their contribution to the notion of social citizenship. This article emphasizes the less democratic aspects of consumer politics, and the contributions of anti-liberal movements on the extreme left and right to a stronger tradition of social citizenship in Europe. Part IV takes Lizabeth Cohen's claim that a ‘Consumers' Republic' was forged in the US in the post-war period, and casts the Marshall Plan and the Cold War as the context that gave rise to an international negotiation over the relationship between consumption and democracy that continues to the present.

scholarly journals Reading the rebate: information at the edges of 20th century photographs

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Locrin Stewart
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
20Th Century ◽  
Fine Arts ◽  
Primary Source ◽  
Technical Data ◽  
Physical Character ◽  
Photographic Image ◽  
History Of ◽  
Museum Of Fine Arts ◽  
Post War

Using the photography collection in the Museum of Fine Arts, Houston (MFAH) as a primary source, this thesis explores the use of photographic rebate as found in the work of seven major twentieth century photographic artists working between 1920 and 1980. Investigating the use of rebate as both a manifestation of technology, and as an expressive tool employed by post-war photographers, this paper looks at the physical character of rebate in silver-gelatin prints and its role in augmenting the photographic image. This research elucidates the collection at MFAH, the history of photographic printing in the 20th century and provides a guide to future researchers about how rebate can be used to glean technical data and artistic intent.

scholarly journals Reading the rebate: information at the edges of 20th century photographs

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Locrin Stewart
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
20Th Century ◽  
Fine Arts ◽  
Primary Source ◽  
Technical Data ◽  
Physical Character ◽  
Photographic Image ◽  
History Of ◽  
Museum Of Fine Arts ◽  
Post War

Using the photography collection in the Museum of Fine Arts, Houston (MFAH) as a primary source, this thesis explores the use of photographic rebate as found in the work of seven major twentieth century photographic artists working between 1920 and 1980. Investigating the use of rebate as both a manifestation of technology, and as an expressive tool employed by post-war photographers, this paper looks at the physical character of rebate in silver-gelatin prints and its role in augmenting the photographic image. This research elucidates the collection at MFAH, the history of photographic printing in the 20th century and provides a guide to future researchers about how rebate can be used to glean technical data and artistic intent.

THE HUMAN SCIENCES IN COLD WAR AMERICA

2007 ◽  
Vol 50 (3) ◽  
pp. 725-746 ◽  
Author(s):  
JOEL ISAAC
Keyword(s):  
Cold War ◽  
The United States ◽  
Turn Of The Century ◽  
Human Sciences ◽  
Middle Range ◽  
History Of ◽  
Post War ◽  
The Cold War ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Second World

ABSTRACTThe last fifteen years have witnessed an explosion of interest in the history of the Cold War. Historical attention has focused not only on the diplomatic and military aspects of the conflict, but also, increasingly, on its cultural, intellectual, and technological dimensions. One of the fruits of this widening of scope in Cold War studies is a burgeoning literature on the development of the post-Second World War American human sciences. Studies of the Cold War career of the human sciences, however, have often been inflected by moralistic, and sometimes tendentious, claims about the relationship between the state and the academy. This article seeks to explain the chief characteristics of the historiography of the human sciences in Cold War America by describing its formation in the interstices of three distinct lines of inquiry: the history of science, the cultural turn in Cold War studies, and the history of the birth of the human science professions in the United States. It argues that historians of the post-war American human sciences have absorbed some features of these literatures, whilst neglecting others that offer more nuanced perspectives on the relationship between scientific research and its patrons during the Cold War era. Moreover, it suggests that the best prospects for the future maturation of the field lie in the recovery of ‘middle-range contextualizations’ that link post-war trends in the human sciences to interwar and turn-of-the-century developments, thereby making the Cold War context less all-encompassing than it has sometimes appeared.

Introduction

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jenny Andersson
Keyword(s):  
Cold War ◽  
Critical Systems Thinking ◽  
Critical Systems ◽  
Political Ideologies ◽  
The Future ◽  
History Of ◽  
Post War ◽  
The 1960S ◽  
The Cold War ◽  
Future Visions

The book proposes that the Cold War period saw a key debate about the future as singular or plural. Forms of Cold War science depicted the future as a closed sphere defined by delimited probabilities, but were challenged by alternative notions of the future as a potentially open realm with limits set only by human creativity. The Cold War was a struggle for temporality between the two different future visions of the two blocs, each armed with its set of predictive technologies, but these were rivaled, from the 1960s on, by future visions emerging from decolonization and the emergence of a set of alternative world futures. Futures research has reflected and enacted this debate. In so doing, it offers a window to the post-war history of the social sciences and of contemporary political ideologies of liberalism and neoliberalism, Marxism and revisionist Marxism, critical-systems thinking, ecologism, and postcolonialism.

Die Macht der Institution

2021 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Social Sciences ◽  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Welfare State ◽  
Cultural Anthropology ◽  
The State ◽  
History Of Ideas ◽  
The Social ◽  
History Of ◽  
Post War

This volume examines Arnold Gehlen’s theory of the state from his philosophy of the state in the 1920s via his political and cultural anthropology to his impressive critique of the post-war welfare state. The systematic analyses the book contains by leading scholars in the social sciences and the humanities examine the interplay between the theory and history of the state with reference to the broader context of the history of ideas. Students and researchers as well as other readers interested in this subject will find this book offers an informative overview of how one of the most wide-ranging and profound thinkers of the twentieth century understands the state. With contributions by Oliver Agard, Heike Delitz, Joachim Fischer, Andreas Höntsch, Tim Huyeng, Rastko Jovanov, Frank Kannetzky, Christine Magerski, Zeljko Radinkovic, Karl-Siegbert Rehberg and Christian Steuerwald.

scholarly journals “Journeys are Meaningful” (Travelling, Travellers, Literary Periods, Literary Journeys)

2015 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 7-19
Author(s):  
István Fried
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Middle Ages ◽  
Close Connection ◽  
Continuous Processes ◽  
New Era ◽  
Mise En Scene ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Educational Journeys ◽  
The Middle Ages

Abstract If the changes of the “discourse networks” (Aufschreibesysteme) from 1800 to 1900 model the relations pertaining to the personality, to the cultural determinedness of technology and personality as well as to their interconnections (Kittler 1995), especially having in view the literary mise en scène, it applies all the more to travelling - setting out on a journey, heading towards a destination, pilgrimage and/or wandering as well as the relationship between transport technology and personality. The changes taking place in “transport” are partly of technological, partly (in close connection with the former) indicative of individual and collective claims. The diplomatic, religious, commercial and educational journeys essentially belong to the continuous processes of European centuries; however, the appearance of the railway starts a new era at least to the same extent as the car and the airplane in the twentieth century. The journeys becoming systematic and perhaps most tightly connected to pilgrimages from the Middle Ages on assured the “transfer” of ideas, attitudes and cultural materials in the widest sense; the journeys and personal encounters (of course, taking place, in part, through correspondence) of the more cultured layers mainly, are to be highly appreciated from the viewpoint of the history of mentalities and society.

scholarly journals La institucionalización de la danza en la Facultad de Bellas Artes en Valdivia: Una historia desde la experiencia de sus bailarines, 1954-1976

2018 ◽  
pp. 125
Author(s):  
Carla Mella Barrientos
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Civil Society ◽  
Performing Arts ◽  
Fine Arts ◽  
University Funding ◽  
History Of ◽  
Personal Archives ◽  
Sociedad Civil ◽  
Siglo Xx ◽  
General Secretary

En el artículo se analiza el proceso de institucionalización universitaria de la danza disciplinaria en Valdivia a mediados del siglo XX. El objetivo es demostrar que su desarrollo surgió debido a la preocupación por la apertura de la cultura a la sociedad civil, entendida aquella como aquellos elementos educativos y artísticos de interés para el Estado chileno, los agentes privados y las municipalidades.El proceso de institucionalización de la danza corresponde a un periodo de transformaciones en torno a la comprensión de la necesidad de integrar en la academia valdiviana el arte escénico, lo que no estuvo alejado de problemas relativos al financiamiento universitario, desastres naturales e interés por parte de las autoridades de mantener el área. Las fuentes utilizadas corresponden a relatos orales de tres destacadas bailarinas vinculadas al campo de la danza en Valdivia, testimonios de carácter principal que encarnan las influencias de escuelas, corrientes y estéticas; documentos vinculados con la historia de la Facultad de Bellas Artes, extraídos del Archivo de la Secretaría General de la Universidad Austral de Chile, archivos personales y notas periodísticas del diario El Correo de Valdivia.Institutionalization of Dance in the Fine Arts faculty in Valdivia: A history from its dancers’ experience 1954-1976AbstractThis article analyzes the process of university institutionalization of disciplinary dance in Valdivia in the middle of Twentieth Century. The objective is to show that its development emerged due to the concern about the cultural opening to the civil society known as those educational and artistic elements of interest for the Chilean State, private agents, and municipalities. Such process of institutionalization takes place when people were transforming their understanding about the necessity to integrate Performing Arts in the Academy of Valdivia, which was not far away from problems as university funding, natural disasters, and the interest from authorities to maintain the area. Used sources correspond to verbal stories by three distinguished dancers connected to the dance field in Valdivia, important testimonies personifying influences of schools, trends, and aesthetics; documents related to the history of the Fine Arts Faculty and extracted from the General Secretary Archive of the Universidad Austral de Chile, personal archives, and journalist notes from El Correo de Valdivia newspaper.Keywords: Disciplinary dance, institutionalization, Faculty of Fine Artes, Universidad Austral de Chile.A institucionalização da dança na Faculdade de Belas-Artes em Valdivia: Uma história desde a experiência de seus bailarinos, 1954-1976ResumoNo artigo analisa-se o processo de institucionalização universitária da dança disciplinar em Valdivia em meados do século XX. O objetivo é demonstrar que seu desenvolvimento surgiu devido à preocupação pela abertura da cultura à sociedade civil, entendida como aqueles elementos educativos e artísticos de interesse para o Estado chileno, os agentes privados e as prefeituras. O processo de institucionalização da dança corresponde a um período de transformações ao redor da compreensão da necessidade de integrar na academia valdiviana a arte cénica, o que não esteve alheio aos problemas relacionados com financiamento universitário, desastres naturais e interesse por parte das autoridades de manter a área. As fontes utilizadas correspondem a relatos orais de três destacadas bailarinas ligadas ao campo da dança em Valdivia, testemunhos de caráter principal que encarnam as influências de escolas, correntes e estéticas; documentos ligados à historia da Faculdade de Belas-Artes, extraídos do Arquivo da Secretaria Geral da Universidade Austral do Chile, arquivos pessoais e recortes da imprensa pertencentes ao jornal O Correio de Valdivia.Palavras-chave: dança disciplinar, institucionalização, Faculdade de Belas-Artes, Universidade Austral do Chile

scholarly journals The Concept in Life and the Life of the Concept: Canguilhem’s Final Reckoning with Bergson

2016 ◽  
Vol 24 (2) ◽  
pp. 154-175 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alex Feldman
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Basic Problem ◽  
History Of Biology ◽  
French Philosophy ◽  
Special Place ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Living Being

Foucault famously divided the history of twentieth-century French philosophy between a “philosophy of experience” and a “philosophy of the concept,” placing Bergson in the former camp and his teacher Canguilhem in the latter. This division has shaped the Anglophone reception of Canguilhem as primarily a historian and philosopher of biology. Canguilhem, however, was also a philosopher of life and a careful reader of Bergson. The recently-begun publication of Canguilhem’s Œuvres complètes has revealed the depth of this engagement, and a re-reading of Canguilhem’s final major statement on Bergson, the 1966 essay “The Concept and Life,” has thus become necessary. The basic problem of that essay is the relationship between knowledge and life in the history of biology and philosophy, with a special place for Bergson. Canguilhem’s strong criticism of him turns, however, on a misquotation. In claiming that Bergson fails to account for the struggle of the living being to maintain a species form, Canguilhem misconstrues the crucial Bergsonian distinction between vital order and geometrical identity; he thus misses the importance that Bergson accords to general biological tendencies, rather than to the generality of the species. Despite the differences on display in the 1966 essay, it will be argued that Canguilhem’s earlier remarks on Bergson show a surprising convergence in the underlying aim of each thinker’s biological philosophy: the call for a new ontology that grasps the ordered and intelligible character of life without relying on a principle of identity.

scholarly journals Система организации епархиального управления Белорусской автокефальной православной церкви в 1949–1980 гг.

2021 ◽  
Vol 23 ◽  
pp. 119-126
Author(s):  
Александр Слесарев ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Religious Organization ◽  
Orthodox Church ◽  
Educational Publishing ◽  
History Of ◽  
Post War ◽  
High Degree ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Control Management

The article is devoted to the consideration of the history of the development of the system of diocesan administrations of the unrecognized Belarusian Autocephalous Orthodox Church (BAOC). Formed in 1948–1949, the named religious organization over the next several decades was an influential center for the consolidation of the Belarusian post-war Diaspora. The activities of the parishes of the BAOC were not limited to the organization of services and involved the conduct of social, cultural, educational, publishing and other work. In turn, the control, management and coordination of parish activities largely depended on the principles of organizing diocesan administration. On the basis of the study, it is concluded that the volume of administrative powers of the episcopate is gradually reduced and the role of the laity in the administration of dioceses is strengthened. The noted instability of the diocesan structures of the BAOC in the period under review is explained by the high degree of dependence of the diocesan affiliation of parishes on the relationship with a particular hierarch.

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