Infraspecific variability of Amaranthus tricolor (Amaranthaceae) in India with a new variety

Phytotaxa ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 88 (2) ◽  
pp. 25 ◽  
Author(s):  
SAUBHIK DAS
Keyword(s):  
Native Species ◽  
Field Survey ◽  
West Bengal ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Amaranthus Tricolor ◽  
New Variety ◽  
Tropical Asia

Amaranthus tricolor (Amaranthus subgen. Albersia sect. Pyxidium) is a native species of tropical Asia. It shows high inter- and intra-population phenotipic variability that is poorly known at present. During the field survey in India (West Bengal area) a large number of plants were collected and studied from the morphological point of view. The results justify the recognition of three varieties, of which one is new for the science: var. tricolor, var. tristis and var. acutus var. nov.

The Term «Computer Game»: The Experience of an Interdisciplinary Analysis

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
A.A. Vasiliev ◽  
◽  
Yu.V. Pechatnova ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Video Game ◽  
Computer Games ◽  
Social Evolution ◽  
Computer Game ◽  
Interdisciplinary Approach ◽  
Legal Regulation ◽  
Economic Feasibility ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Legal Analysis ◽  
New Variety

The article is devoted to a comprehensive interdisciplinary study of the term «game» and its relatively new variety – computer game. The need to use an interdisciplinary approach to the study of the term is explained by the versatility and multi-aspect nature of the phenomenon under study. The article reveals the meaning of the concept «game» in the philosophical, aesthetic, historical, cultural, linguistic, psychological, technological and legal dimensions. The research methodology includes historical, systematic methods, as well as the method of formal legal analysis. The author emphasizes the influence of the development of forms of game activity on the development of social evolution, as well as the interaction of the game and the achievements of scientific and technological progress. The relevance of studying the term «computer game» lies in the fact that computer games have become the most popular type of gaming activity and the most profitable commercial product on the modern market. In this regard, terminological certainty is necessary due to the economic feasibility and effective legal regulation of the development, implementation and use of computer games. The authors propose to identify the main features of the concept «game», in general, and the specific features of the term «computer game», in particular. Based on the set of features, the author's definition of the concept «computer game» is proposed. In order to distinguish the studied concept from related categories, the analysis of the terms «electronic game» and «video game» is carried out. In conclusion, the authors assess the approaches to the legal regulation of computer games from the point of view of domestic legislation. As a result of the analysis of the possibility of attributing a computer game to a variety of programs for electronic computers or a variety of multimedia products, the choice was made in favor of the latter. Thus, at present, in order to solve legal problems related to the development and use of a computer game, the authors propose the application of the law analogy.

Relationship among Influencing Factors of Tourism Infrastructure

2020 ◽  
pp. 710-722
Author(s):  
Nilanjan Ray ◽  
Dillip Kumar Das
Keyword(s):  
West Bengal ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Rural Tourism ◽  
Information Centre ◽  
Government Department ◽  
Legal Documents ◽  
Future Requirement ◽  
Growth Development ◽  
The Government

The primary objectives of this study includes to identify the growth, development of tourism in the state of West Bengal, to study the tourism factors which affect the tourists' satisfaction of West Bengal in general and Kamarpukur in particular, to study the role played by the Government, Department of Tourism, analyze future requirement of tourism infrastructure of Kamarpukur as an important tourism destination in Indian Scenario. For the fulfillment of the basic objectives, data for the study were collected through field survey. The sources of secondary data collected were legal documents, official statistics, reports, publications including data from district information centre. In the originality point of view this study is a sincere attempt to disseminate the required infrastructural framework at Kamarpukur and also encounter the strategies for development of sustainable rural tourism at this destination.

Socio-Economic Status and Mental Morbidity in certain Tribes and Castes in India — a Cross-Cultural Study

1980 ◽  
Vol 136 (1) ◽  
pp. 73-85 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. N. Nandi ◽  
S. P. Mukherjee ◽  
G. C. Boral ◽  
G. Banerjee ◽  
A. Ghosh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Field Survey ◽  
West Bengal ◽  
Economic Status ◽  
Cross Cultural ◽  
Cultural Patterns ◽  
Neurotic Disorders ◽  
Cross Cultural Study ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Cultural Pattern ◽  
Caste Groups

SummaryThe authors made a field-survey of mental morbidity in all the tribal and caste groups residing in a cluster of villages in West Bengal, India, and found that, in each group, higher socio-economic classes had higher rates of mental morbidity. Different groups having a similar cultural pattern showed no significant difference in their rates of morbidity. Groups having different cultural patterns differed significantly in their rates of morbidity. In the tribal groups some neurotic disorders were absent.

scholarly journals Monitoring the Invasion ofSpartina alternifloraUsing Very High Resolution Unmanned Aerial Vehicle Imagery in Beihai, Guangxi (China)

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Huawei Wan ◽  
Qiao Wang ◽  
Dong Jiang ◽  
Jingying Fu ◽  
Yipeng Yang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Resolution ◽  
Unmanned Aerial Vehicle ◽  
Spartina Alterniflora ◽  
Native Species ◽  
Field Survey ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Ecological Engineering ◽  
Control Measures ◽  
Aerial Vehicle ◽  
Very High

Spartina alterniflorawas introduced to Beihai, Guangxi (China), for ecological engineering purposes in 1979. However, the exceptional adaptability and reproductive ability of this species have led to its extensive dispersal into other habitats, where it has had a negative impact on native species and threatens the local mangrove and mudflat ecosystems. To obtain the distribution and spread ofSpartina alterniflora, we collected HJ-1 CCD imagery from 2009 and 2011 and very high resolution (VHR) imagery from the unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV). The invasion area ofSpartina alterniflorawas 357.2 ha in 2011, which increased by 19.07% compared with the area in 2009. A field survey was conducted for verification and the total accuracy was 94.0%. The results of this paper show that VHR imagery can provide details on distribution, progress, and early detection ofSpartina alterniflorainvasion. OBIA, object based image analysis for remote sensing (RS) detection method, can enable control measures to be more effective, accurate, and less expensive than a field survey of the invasive population.

scholarly journals “Carrefour Louisiane”

2014 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 124-153 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ingrid Neumann-Holzschuh
Keyword(s):  
Language Contact ◽  
Language Change ◽  
Evolutionary Dynamics ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
New Variety ◽  
Dialect Contact ◽  
Cajun French ◽  
Louisiana French ◽  
History Of ◽  
Linguistic Behavior

The history of Louisiana French (LF) is closely related to Louisiana’s particular societal and linguistic ecosystem, characterized by a mixed society where new forms of societal organization emerged and were reflected in new forms of linguistic patterns and linguistic behavior. From the beginning, language contact has been of crucial importance for the emergence, evolution and gradual decline of Louisiana French (“Cajun French”). In colonial times, contact between related French lects resulted in the formation of a new variety of regional French in North America with its own features and its own evolutionary dynamics. The continuing contact with English, however, which takes place in an entirely different ecological frame, results in the ongoing attrition of the minority language. The first part of the article deals with early stages of dialect contact in Louisiana; it will be shown that from a diachronic point of view Louisiana French has to be seen as a product of language mixing and dialect leveling. In the second part two specific aspects of current English-French language contact will be discussed. Both aspects serve to illustrate particularities of the linguistic situation in Louisiana now and then as well as the importance of certain universal mechanisms of contact-induced language change.

scholarly journals Status of Ichthyofaunal Diversity of River Ganga in Malda District of West Bengal, India

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Suchismita Medda ◽  
Santi Ranjan Dey
Keyword(s):  
Distribution Pattern ◽  
West Bengal ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Fish Diversity ◽  
Fish Ecology ◽  
Ganges River ◽  
River Ganges ◽  
The World ◽  
River Ganga ◽  
The Ganges

The river Ganges is the largest river in India and the fifth longest in the world. Although, many studies on fish ecology and systematic have been conducted largely to improve fisheries but fish diversity and their distribution pattern from conservation point of view have never been adequately addressed in the Ganges River . The objective of present study was to explore the present Ichthyofaunal diversity of the stretch of Ganga at Malda district of West Bengal. The result showed that 69 freshwater fish species belonging to 9 Orders, 24 Families was found in Ganga stretch of Malda District of West Bengal, India.

Forts and Farms on Margam Mountain Glamorgan

Antiquity ◽  
1934 ◽  
Vol 8 (32) ◽  
pp. 395-413 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cyril ◽  
Aileen Fox
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Conditions ◽  
Field Survey ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Limited Area ◽  
Open Country ◽  
Selection Of

The progress of archaeology in Britain, as elsewhere, depends on excavation. This is a commonplace; but a more leisurely approach to that final arbitrament than is usually adopted would, we think, be advantageous. Until an area is studied, its visible antiquities planned, the evidence afforded by their geographical and topographical relationships weighed, the natural environmental conditions—forest and open country—assessed, and resultant possibilities discussed, the selection of particular sites for excavation in that area is premature. The following account of a field survey of a limited area in Glamorgan is a practical expression of this point of view.

scholarly journals Herbivory may promote a non-native plant invasion at low but not high latitudes

2019 ◽  
Vol 124 (5) ◽  
pp. 819-827 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xinmin Lu ◽  
Minyan He ◽  
Saichun Tang ◽  
Yuqing Wu ◽  
Xu Shao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Invasive Species ◽  
Native Species ◽  
Invasive Plant ◽  
Field Survey ◽  
Common Garden ◽  
Middle Latitude ◽  
Plant Invasions ◽  
Alternanthera Philoxeroides ◽  
Native Plant ◽  
Low Latitude

Abstract Background and Aims The strengths of biotic interactions such as herbivory are expected to decrease with increasing latitude for native species. To what extent this applies to invasive species and what the consequences of this variation are for competition among native and invasive species remain unexplored. Here, herbivore impacts on the invasive plant Alternanthera philoxeroides and its competition with the native congener A. sessilis were estimated across latitudes in China. Methods An common garden experiment spanning ten latitudinal degrees was conducted to test how herbivore impacts on A. philoxeroides and A. sessilis, and competition between them change with latitude. In addition, a field survey was conducted from 21°N to 36.8°N to test whether A. philoxeroides invasiveness changes with latitude in nature as a result of variations in herbivory. Key Results In the experiment, A. sessilis cover was significantly higher than A. philoxeroides cover when they competed in the absence of herbivores, but otherwise their cover was comparable at low latitude. However, A. philoxeroides cover was always higher on average than A. sessilis cover at middle latitude. At high latitude, only A. sessilis emerged in the second year. Herbivore abundance decreased with latitude and A. philoxeroides emerged earlier than A. sessilis at middle latitude. In the field survey, the ratio of A. philoxeroides to A. sessilis cover was hump shaped with latitude. Conclusion These results indicate that herbivory may promote A. philoxeroides invasion only at low latitude by altering the outcome of competition in favour of the invader and point to the importance of other factors, such as earlier emergence, in A. philoxeroides invasion at higher latitudes. These results suggest that the key factors promoting plant invasions might change with latitude, highlighting the importance of teasing apart the roles of multiple factors in plant invasions within a biogeographic framework.

scholarly journals Financial Benefits of Mangroves for Surge Prone High-Value Areas

Water ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (11) ◽  
pp. 2374 ◽  
Author(s):  
Henk Jan Verhagen
Keyword(s):  
Classical Solution ◽  
Cash Flow ◽  
West Bengal ◽  
Storm Surges ◽  
Industrial Area ◽  
Coastal Areas ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Financial Evaluation ◽  
Financial Benefits ◽  
Two Alternatives

In this paper, protection options for a high-value, industrial area along the coast of West Bengal (India) are investigated. The options are designed to protect against cyclone surges with a probability of 1/100 per year. Two alternatives are compared, a classical solution of a dike with a revetment and a solution with a mangrove belt in front of the dike. The results reveal that from a pure infrastructural cash-flow point-of-view, the mangrove solution is at least 25% cheaper than the classical solution with a rock revetment. An important finding is that this conclusion does not need the financial evaluation of the obvious additional ecological advantages that mangroves offer. It is postulated that these results are generally valid for high-value coastal areas under the attack of waves during storm surges.

Risk of soil-transmitted helminth infections on agritourism farms in central and eastern Poland

2015 ◽  
Vol 60 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jakub Gawor ◽  
Anna Borecka
Keyword(s):  
Rural Areas ◽  
Field Survey ◽  
Intestinal Parasites ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Parasitic Infections ◽  
Red Foxes ◽  
Public Places ◽  
Small Children ◽  
Forest Clearing ◽  
Helminth Infections

AbstractAgritourism provides ecological tourist services for urban dwellers in rural areas. Agritourism farms offer space and attractive scenery for people seeking to rest in quiet place and wanting healthy, outdoor recreational activities. The high epidemiological standard of agritourism farms is beneficial for the health of the farm owners and the guests. Upgraded level of the farm sanitation, also from parasitological point of view is of great importance, especially that among agritourism farms guests predominate families with small children. A field survey was carried out in 57 farms in central-eastern Poland to evaluate the environmental risk factors for geohelminth infections on agritourism farms offering tourist services for urban dwellers. Samples of soil were collected from 76 sites, i.e. yards surrounding houses, vegetable, fruit and flower gardens, playgrounds and sandpits. In addition, samples were taken from 27 public places of recreation (playgrounds at forest clearing) visited by agritourism farm guests. During visits the farms were inspected and the owners were questioned about their awareness of the threat of parasitic infections. Soil contamination with geohelminth eggs was found in 4 examined farms (7.0%), in one locality on each farm. The eggs of Toxocara spp. and Ascaris spp. were detected in single samples from 3 backyards (6.4%) and one sandpit (10.0%). In the soil samples from places of recreation outside the farms eggs of human or animal helminths were not identified. The results of this study showed that the risk of helminth infections on agritourism farms is low, since geohelminth eggs (1-3 per sample) were detected only in four samples (0.5%) among 760 collected from farms households. The farm owners must be aware of the importance of preventive measures to eliminate the environmental contamination with eggs of zoonotic soiltransmitted helminths. Special attention should be paid to the risk of intestinal parasites of cats of semi domestic behaviour migrating from neighbouring yards as well as of red foxes frequently observed in the vicinity of agritourism farms.

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