Air Pressure Test on Concrete with Nano-Cement

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 748-753
Author(s):  
Jemimah M. Carmichael ◽  
Prince G. Arulraj
Keyword(s):  
Particle Size ◽  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Nuclear Power ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Air Pressure ◽  
Nano Particles ◽  
Hardened Concrete ◽  
Nano Materials ◽  
Split Tensile Strength ◽  
Pressure Test

Nanotechnology is an emerging area of research that has received a lot of attention for its ability to make use of the unique properties of nano-sized materials. The grain size of the nano particles will be in the order of 10–9 m (1–100 nm). Due to the very small particle size and extremely large specific surface area, nano particles have same remarkable properties. The use of nano materials for making concrete is of recent origin. Addition of nano materials in concrete can lead to significant improvements in the strength and durability of concrete. For nuclear power plants, concrete with high compressive strength, high split tensile strength, low porosity and high density are required. An attempt has been made to increase the compressive and split tensile strength of concrete by replacing a portion of cement with nano cement. M20, M30, M40 and M50 grades of concrete were cast. For each of these mixes, 10%, 20%, 30%, 40% and 50% of cement was replaced with nano- cement. Nano-cement was made by grinding the commercially available 53 grade pozzolona cement in the ball grinding mill. A scanning electron microscope was used to determine the particle size of the nano-cement produced. A hollow cylinder of the concrete was made with concrete containing nano materials. The Air pressure test was carried at on hardened concrete and the results were compared with that of normal cement concrete. The safe internal pressure for M50 concrete with 50% replacement of cement with nano-cement was found to be 13.3 kg/cm2, which 31.6% higher than that of the normal M50 concrete.

scholarly journals A REVIEW ON USAGE OF NANO-PARTICLES IN NUCLEAR POWER PLANTS

2017 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 233-236
Author(s):  
Din Bandhu ◽  
Ritesh Kumar
Keyword(s):  
Power Plant ◽  
Nuclear Power ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Nuclear Power Plants ◽  
Review Paper ◽  
Nano Particles ◽  
Construction Experience ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Materials Used ◽  
Effects Of Radiation

Nuclear power plants are big in construction and possess complex facilities. These plants usually operate at very large temperatures and the materials used in their construction experience considerably higher levels of radiation. It is therefore very important to understand the effects of radiation on these materials. Radiation is responsible for defects which affects the strength and performance of the materials. In this review paper, we have suggested one idea for constructing an efficient nuclear power plant by using nano-particles. This paper also details about nano-particles in an elaborated way and a few of them can be used for constructing nuclear power plants (NPP).

Westinghouse Modular Grinding Process: Improvement for Follow on Processes

2013 ◽  
Author(s):  
Henning Fehrmann
Keyword(s):  
Particle Size ◽  
Nuclear Power ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Waste Treatment ◽  
Grinding Process ◽  
Beneficial Effects ◽  
Treatment Processes ◽  
Minimize Radiation Exposure ◽  
Negative Impacts ◽  
Westinghouse Electric

In nuclear power plants (NPP) ion exchange (IX) resins are used in several systems for water treatment. The resins can be in bead or powdered form. For waste treatment of spent IX resins, two methods are basically used: • Direct immobilization (e.g. with cement, bitumen, polymer or High Integrity Container (HIC)) • Thermal treatment (e.g. drying, oxidation or pyrolysis) Bead resins have some properties (e.g. particle size and density) that can have negative impacts on following waste treatment processes. Negative impacts could be: • Floatation of bead resins in cementation process • Sedimentation in pipeline during transportation • Poor compaction properties for Hot Resin Supercompaction (HRSC) Reducing the particle size of the bead resins can have beneficial effects enhancing further treatment processes and overcoming prior mentioned effects. Westinghouse Electric Company has developed a modular grinding process to crush/grind the bead resins. This modular process is designed for flexible use and enables a selective adjustment of particle size to tailor the grinding system to the customer needs. The system can be equipped with a crusher integrated in the process tank and if necessary a colloid mill. The crusher reduces the bead resins particle size and converts the bead resins to a pump able suspension with lower sedimentation properties. With the colloid mill the resins can be ground to a powder. Compared to existing grinding systems this equipment is designed to minimize radiation exposure of the worker during operation and maintenance. Using the crushed and/or ground bead resins has several beneficial effects like facilitating cementation process and recipe development, enhancing oxidation of resins, improving the Hot Resin Supercompaction volume reduction performance.

Experimental Investigation of Nanotubes Utilization as a Nuclear Fuel Matrix Additive

2014 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jan Varmuza ◽  
Karel Katovsky ◽  
Jiri Skalicka ◽  
Stepan Foral ◽  
Jitka Matejkova
Keyword(s):  
Nuclear Fuel ◽  
Nuclear Power ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Nuclear Reactor ◽  
Fuel Cycle ◽  
Neutron Field ◽  
Detailed Knowledge ◽  
Mechanical And Thermal Properties ◽  
Nano Materials ◽  
Time Operation

Great operational challenges are placed on nuclear power plants. These challenges are usually reflected in the expansion of fuel cycle length, long-time operation or power uprates. The one way is to optimize the equipment or replace it with equipment with higher efficiency. The second way is to optimize the fuel and its cladding. In this area it is possible to work mainly on the development of new materials which have better nuclear or mechanical properties. Nuclear power industry is a conservative one. It is necessary to have a detailed knowledge of materials properties of used equipment. Knowledge of the materials behavior is particularly required in the environment where the materials are exposed to neutron flux. This article focuses on new promising materials that can be used in a nuclear fuel, a nuclear reactor or its closest vicinity. Carbon nano materials can be included among these types of materials. Composite materials have generally improved mechanical and thermal properties with addition of nanoparticles. However the additives itself have an impact on the behavior of the neutron field. This article describes an experiment that examined the behavior of neutrons in carbon nano fibers, carbon nano tubes and nano wires of aluminum oxide. The main goal of the experiment was to determine how neutron scattering is affected, when the sample is exposed to neutron beam. The article presents results, including additional testing of nano materials. Additional tests were carried out to verify the purity and parameters of the investigated samples.

scholarly journals The Effect on Strength of Concrete by Partial Replacement of Cement and Fine Aggregate with Flyash, Granite Powder and Plastic Fibres

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 3516-3519
Keyword(s):  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Thermal Power ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Partial Replacement ◽  
Fine Aggregate ◽  
Normal Concrete ◽  
Split Tensile Strength ◽  
Granite Powder

The rapid growth of the population leads to a requirement of infrastructure this leads to scarcity of raw material for construction such as cement and sand. The other hand pollution growing due to thermal power plants, granite polishing unit and plastic waste this need to be removed. This gives an idea of using this compound as a raw material in concrete making. This concept found to effective minimizes disposal of fly, granite power and plastic wastes, and leads towards Green Building Concepts. In this investigation of M25 grade normal concrete is made by cement, sand, and aggregate which is tested and compared by special concrete. The concrete mix is prepared as per 10262 -2019 by adding replacing small amount of Fly ash in place of cement OPC 53 grade, and fine aggregate is prepared by partial replacing with granite powder (0%,10%,20%,30%)and another mix is prepared by adding 0.5 nylon fiber, partial replacement of fine aggregate with granite powder (0%,10%,20%,30%)specimens are casted . The casted specimens are tested for split tensile strength and compressive strength 7, 14 and 28 day’s respectively and these results also compared with each other. I t is observed that compressive strength and split tensile of concrete at 28days of curing show max value when compared with normal concrete. When the percentage of granite powder increases to 30% it shows that a decrease in both split tensile strength of concrete and compressive strength. When we added fiber to the concrete there is an increase in compressive strength and split tensile strength but there is a not much increase in compressive strength but increase in split tensile strength

scholarly journals REDUCTION OF CEMENT CONSUMPTION BY THE AID OF SILICA NANO-PARTICLES (INVESTIGATION ON CONCRETE PROPERTIES)

2012 ◽  
Vol 18 (3) ◽  
pp. 416-425 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hadi Bahadori ◽  
Payam Hosseini
Keyword(s):  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Water Absorption ◽  
Physical And Mechanical Properties ◽  
Strength Loss ◽  
Experimental Results ◽  
Nano Particles ◽  
Hardened Concrete ◽  
Absorption Test ◽  
Concrete Properties ◽  
Water Absorption Test

In this study, effects of replacing cement with colloidal amorphous silica nano-particles have been experimentally investigated on the physical and mechanical properties, durability and microstructure of concrete. Experimental results include workability, fresh concrete density, and hardened concrete properties like compressive strength at different ages of 3, 7, and 28-days, and also 28-days splitting tensile strength. Furthermore, influence of silica nano-particles on durability and microstructure of concrete for 28-days specimens was tested by conducting water absorption test, Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), and Energy Dispersive X-ray Analysis (EDAX), respectively. In order to study the effect of replacement of cement with silica nano-particles, specimens with 10%, 20%, and 30% cement reduction, and addition of 1%, 2%, and 3% silica nano-particles with respect to witness specimen were fabricated. Experimental results revealed that 20% reduction of cement combining 2% silica nano-particles and also 10% cement reduction combined with 1% silica nano-particles enhance the microstructure of concrete, despite unnoticeable compressive and tensile strength loss. By remarkable reduction of cement consumption and addition of silica nano-particles, strength almost remains constant and consequently decreasing the cement content will become possible. Also, in all specimens, increase in nano-particles content and decrease in cement usage contributed to workability loss. Therefore, applying super-plasticizers seems indispensible while using silica nano-particles. On the other side, according to water absorption test, concretes containing nanoparticles showed more appropriate durability.

scholarly journals Effect of Sugarcane Bagasse Ash and Lime Stone Fines on the Mechanical Properties of Concrete

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 5534-5537 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. Bheel ◽  
A. S. Memon ◽  
I. A. Khaskheli ◽  
N. M. Talpur ◽  
S. M. Talpur ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Sugarcane Bagasse ◽  
Hardened Concrete ◽  
Split Tensile Strength ◽  
Cement Production ◽  
Optimum Result ◽  
Mix Proportion ◽  
Sugarcane Bagasse Ash ◽  
Limestone Fines

Cement production releases huge amounts of carbon dioxide having a significant impact on the environment while also having huge energy consumption demands. In addition, the disposal and recovery of natural concrete components can lead to environmental degradation. The use of waste in concrete not only reduces cement production, but it also reduces energy consumption. The aim of this study is to evaluate the properties of fresh and hardened concrete by partially replacing cement with sugarcane bagasse ash (SCBA) and limestone fines (LSF). In this investigation work the cement was replaced with SCBA ash and LSF by 0% (0% SCBA+ 0% LSF), 5% (2.5% SCBA+ 2.5% LSF), 10% (5% SCBA+ 5% LSF), 15% (7.5% SCBA+ 7.5% LSF) and 20% (10% SCBA+ 10% LSF) by weight of cement. In this regard, a total of 60 samples of concrete specimens were made with mix proportion of 1:1.5:3 with 0.56 water-cement ratio. Cube specimens were tested for compressive strength and cylindrical specimens were used for determining splitting tensile strength at 7 and 28 days respectively. The optimum result displayed that the crushing strength and split tensile strength increased by 10.33% and 10.10% while using 5% SCBA+ 5% LSF as a substitute for cement in concrete after the 28th day. The slump value of concrete declined as the content of SCBA and LSF increased.

Development of Co-Reduced Valve Seat for Nuclear Power Plants

2013 ◽  
Author(s):  
Toshiyuki Tazawa ◽  
Masahiro Saito ◽  
Nobuo Kojima
Keyword(s):  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Abrasion Resistance ◽  
Nuclear Power ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Charpy Impact ◽  
High Hardness ◽  
Mechanical Tests ◽  
Valve Seat ◽  
Alternative Material ◽  
Sliding Test

The overlaying of Co-based alloy (e.g. “Stellite”) has been applied to valve seats in power plants to improve wear and abrasion resistance. However, using of the Co-based alloy should be avoided to valves which involve with reactor water in nuclear power plant because of activating to Co-60, and increment of radiation dose. Therefore, the alternative material to Co-based alloy has been required for these valves. Hardfacing is usually applied to improve abrasion resistance. Several high hardness materials without Co element were investigated, and it was found a Fe-based alloy as an alternative to Co-based alloy for the overlaying of valve seats. Mechanical tests of this Fe-based alloy formed by Plasma Transfer Arc (PTA) welding were carried out. Obtained values of tensile strength, Vickers hardness and Charpy impact value of the Fe-based alloy were almost equivalent to Co-based alloy. In addition, mock-up valve specimen was prepared, and sliding test was performed in simulated BWR plants environment. As a result, the amount of leakage was little enough when the Fe-based alloy is overlaid on one side seat part, and the radiation exposure from the valve seat can be reduced by 78 percent compared with the case of using the Co-based alloy for both side of overlaying. Note: Product names mentioned herein may be trademarks of their respective companies.

Nano-Modified Rock-Based Geopolymers As Supplement to Portland Cement for Oil Well Cementing

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mahmoud Khalifeh ◽  
Saeed Salehi ◽  
Aleksandra Jamrozik ◽  
Raymos Kimanzi ◽  
Saeid Abdollahpour
Keyword(s):  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Portland Cement ◽  
Nano Particles ◽  
Oil Well ◽  
Inorganic Polymers ◽  
Nano Materials ◽  
Barrier Material ◽  
Prior Art ◽  
Criteria For Selection ◽  
Selection Of

Abstract Geopolymers being inorganic polymers, pumpable, gaining compressive strength, bonding to steel and formation, and showing durability at downhole conditions make them a possible barrier material. However, having low tensile strength, and being contaminated severely with water-based fluids are the challenges to be mitigated. These challenges have also been observed in recently developed rock-based geopolymers. Different researchers have suggested the application of nanoparticles as additive to geopolymers for increasing the mechanical properties. Of these one could list nanosilica, nano titanium di-oxide, nanocarbon graphene, carbon nanotubes, and nano aluminium. However, their reasoning for utilization of these nano particles originated from their effect on properties of Portland cement. In this study, the effect of nano titanium di-oxide and nanocarbon graphene is considered on the rock-based geopolymers. The two main criteria for selection of these materials are in-house availability, and the published prior art. The effect of the nano materials on rheological behavior, mechanical strength and microstructure of the geopolymers are the main investigated parameters. The obtained result shows that the nano materials improve the pumpability of the geopolymers but not improving the tensile strength effectively.

scholarly journals Combined Effect of Fly-Ash and Ferrochrome Ash as Partial Replacement of Cement on Mechanical Properties of Concrete

2019 ◽  
Vol 93 ◽  
pp. 02008
Author(s):  
Tribikram Mohanty ◽  
Sauna Majhi ◽  
Purnachandra Saha ◽  
Bitanjaya Das
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Fly Ash ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Thermal Power ◽  
Mineral Admixture ◽  
Waste Materials ◽  
Partial Replacement ◽  
Split Tensile Strength

Due to rapid industrialization extensive quantity of waste materials like fly ash, silica fume, rice ash husk, and ferrochrome ash etc. are generated. Ferrochrome ash is generated from Ferro-alloy industry and fly-ash is produced in thermal power plants are alternative materials which have the potential of being utilized in concrete as a mineral admixture. The present investigation considers the combined influence on strength of concrete using various percentage fly ash and ferrochrome ash as partial replacement of cement. Experiments are carried out to get mechanical properties of ordinary Portland cement by replacement of fly ash by 10%, 20%, 30 % and 3% by ferrochrome ash. Mechanical properties are measured by determining compressive strength, split tensile strength and flexural strength. It can be inferred from the study that a small amount of ferrochrome ash mixed with 30 % fly-ash gives higher compressive strength as compared to fly ash alone. Addition of ferrochrome ash also increases the split tensile strength of concrete. Since ferrochrome ash and fly-ash are both industrial waste, utilization of these waste materials reduced the burden of dumping and greenhouse gas and thereby produce sustainable concrete.

scholarly journals Improvement on Mechanical Properties of Fresh and Hardened Concrete by Marble Waste and Pumicite

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 2976-2979
Keyword(s):  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Sustainable Growth ◽  
Experimental Investigations ◽  
Hardened Concrete ◽  
Infrastructure Development ◽  
Split Tensile Strength ◽  
Coarse Aggregates ◽  
Fine Aggregates ◽  
General Improvement ◽  
Marble Powder

Development, world-over is fuelled by growth of the economy and the growth of economy is fuelled by growth in infrastructure. Estimates record a consumption of 6.6 Gigatonnes of concrete in China in earlier part of this decade, for infrastructure development. But today the world is poised on a tipping point environmentally, and sustainable growth is the need of the hour. This requirement is leading to research in replacement of energy intensive materials, along with capture and utilization of available waste. Marble powder waste which has deleterious impact on environment is one such material. Existing literature majorly focus on utilization of marble powder as fine aggregates in concrete. This study aims to study the suitability of marble powder as a filler material and as a replacement of cement. Pumice breccias are used as coarse aggregates. Experimental investigations were conducted to ascertain the compressive and split tensile strength in concrete with marble powder replacing cement by various percentages. The results indicate a general improvement in both compressive and split tensile strength.

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