Do Stereotypical Media Representations Influence White Individuals’ Perceptions of American Indians?

2018 ◽  
Vol 46 (5) ◽  
pp. 656-679 ◽  
Author(s):  
Haley A. Strass ◽  
David L. Vogel
Keyword(s):  
Social Justice ◽  
American Indians ◽  
White Privilege ◽  
Media Representations ◽  
Important Predictor ◽  
Hierarchical Regression ◽  
European American ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Counseling Literature

In this study, we examined exposure to stereotypical movie portrayals of American Indians, motivations to respond without prejudice, and awareness of White privilege on racist attitudes. European American participants ( N = 232) were randomly assigned to watch stereotypical representations of American Indians or control videos. Hierarchical regression results revealed that higher internal motivations to respond without prejudice and awareness were associated with lower levels of racist attitudes. Higher external motivations to respond without prejudice were associated with higher levels of modern racist attitudes. For participants high in awareness, there was no significant difference in modern racist attitudes between the control and stereotype conditions. For participants low in awareness, those in the control condition reported lower modern racist attitudes than those in the stereotype condition. Results suggest awareness is an important predictor of lower racist attitudes but needs to be reconceptualized within the counseling literature. Social justice implications and limitations are discussed.

Diverse Applications of Sociological Imagination: A Qualitative Study of Service-Learning Mentoring

2021 ◽  
pp. 193672442110213
Author(s):  
Laura C. Atkins ◽  
Shelley B. Grant
Keyword(s):  
Social Justice ◽  
Service Learning ◽  
Social Issues ◽  
Media Representations ◽  
At Risk Youth ◽  
Reflection Data ◽  
Student Mentors ◽  
Diverse Backgrounds ◽  
Personal Histories ◽  
Media And Crime

This project expands discussions regarding critical ways that students’ diverse backgrounds and experiences intertwine with service-learning and social justice. Educators need to empower the next generation to explore their views, apply their skills, and engage with social issues. The research intersects with complex conversations about students’ perspectives regarding media representations, justice system responses, and views of at-risk youth. The project spanned four semesters of a sociology of media and crime course with service-learning mentoring. Qualitative reflection data drawn from 104 participating student mentors provided insights into how service-learners’ unique personal histories and sociological imaginations inform their views of youth, the mentoring experience, and social justice. The findings focus attention upon diversity within classrooms and expand the conversation about social justice praxis and service-learning pedagogy. Through reflexivity, the researchers consider their own social justice and service-learning practices, and add to the call for greater reflexivity within community-engaged sociology classrooms.

scholarly journals Telomere Length as a Biomarker for Race-Related Health Disparities

Genes ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 78
Author(s):  
Vaithinathan Selvaraju ◽  
Megan Phillips ◽  
Anna Fouty ◽  
Jeganathan Ramesh Babu ◽  
Thangiah Geetha
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Telomere Length ◽  
Diastolic Pressure ◽  
Systolic Pressure ◽  
Single Copy ◽  
Normal Weight ◽  
Length Ratio ◽  
Hierarchical Regression ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Usa

Disparities between the races have been well documented in health and disease in the USA. Recent studies show that telomere length, a marker of aging, is associated with obesity and obesity-related diseases, such as heart disease and diabetes. The current study aimed to evaluate the connection between telomere length ratio, blood pressure, and childhood obesity. The telomere length ratio was measured in 127 children from both European American (EA) and African American (AA) children, aged 6–10 years old. AA children had a significantly high relative telomere to the single copy gene (T/S) ratio compared to EA children. There was no significant difference in the T/S ratio between normal weight (NW) and overweight/obese (OW/OB) groups of either race. Blood pressure was significantly elevated in AA children with respect to EA children. Hierarchical regression analysis adjusted for race, gender, and age expressed a significant relationship between the T/S ratio and diastolic pressure. Low T/S ratio participants showed a significant increase in systolic pressure, while a high T/S ratio group showed an increase in diastolic pressure and heart rate of AA children. In conclusion, our findings show that AA children have high T/S ratio compared to EA children. The high T/S ratio is negatively associated with diastolic pressure.

Predictors of professional commitment for Chinese new generation cohorts in a sample of seafaring officers

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-17
Author(s):  
Xiaohui Jia
Keyword(s):  
Regression Analysis ◽  
Questionnaire Survey ◽  
Important Predictor ◽  
Professional Commitment ◽  
Hierarchical Regression ◽  
Dynamic Features ◽  
Hierarchical Regression Analysis ◽  
Generation Cohorts ◽  
New Generation

Abstract This study aims to examine the predictors of professional commitment of the Chinese new generation, divided into post-80s and post-90s cohorts. A questionnaire survey was employed to collect data from Chinese seafaring officers of these cohorts. The results through hierarchical regression analysis present the two cohorts as having both similar and different predictors. The main difference is that company management and policies positively drive the post-80s cohort to work at sea but not the post-90s. The main similarity is that the work itself is the most important predictor for both cohorts. This study contributes to helping maritime companies to estimate the possibility of Chinese new generation officers quitting sea jobs and can be of value to both managers and authorities as they seek to comprehend the generational dynamic features to better cope with the problem of shortage of younger qualified officers.

scholarly journals Social exclusion: re-examining its conceptual relevance to tackling inequality and social injustice

2015 ◽  
Vol 35 (9/10) ◽  
pp. 600-617 ◽  
Author(s):  
Clive Sealey
Keyword(s):  
Social Justice ◽  
Social Policy ◽  
Social Exclusion ◽  
Design Methodology ◽  
Value Added ◽  
Social Injustice ◽  
Critical Approach ◽  
Content Type ◽  
It Value ◽  
Significant Difference

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to rationalise the continued conceptual utility of social exclusion, and in so doing addresses the prevailing question of what to do with it. This is relevant from social exclusion’s declining relevance in contemporary UK social policy and academia, where its consideration as a concept to explain disadvantage is being usurped by other concepts, both old and new. Design/methodology/approach – The paper analyses criticisms of limitations of social exclusion which have typically centred on the operationalisation of the concept, but the author will argue that there are distinctive operationalisation and conceptual strengths within social exclusion which make it value-added as a concept to explain disadvantage. Specifically, there will be an analysis of both New Labour’s and the present Coalition government’s conceptualisation of the term in policy in relation to work. Findings – The analysis highlights the significant difference that a focus on processes rather than outcomes of social exclusion can make to our understanding of inequality and social injustice, and locates this difference within an argument that social exclusion’s true applied capabilities for social justice requires a shift to a conceptualisation built on the processes that cause it in the first place. Originality/value – The paper acts as a rejoinder to prevailing theoretical and political thinking of the limited and diminishing value of social exclusion for tackling disadvantage. In particular, the paper shows how social exclusion can be conceptualised to provide a critical approach to tackling inequality and social injustice, and in doing so foregrounds the truly applied capabilities of social exclusion for transforming social justice.

Myeloperoxidase as an Important Predictor of Cardiovascular Risk in Individuals with Rheumatoid Arthritis

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elisangela Gueiber Montes ◽  
Fabiana Postiglioni Mansani ◽  
Alceu de Oliveira Toledo Júnior ◽  
Marcelo Derbli Schafranski ◽  
Bruno Queiroz Zardo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rheumatoid Arthritis ◽  
Cardiovascular Risk ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Important Predictor ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Glucocorticoid Treatment ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Significance Level ◽  
Dose Time ◽  
Significant Difference

Abstract Background: Rheumatoid arthritis is an inflammatory disease with joint manifestations. In the presence of extra-articular manifestations, the morbidity and severity of the disease increases. Glucocorticoid is used as a treatment and may result in side effects related to cardiovascular risk. Methods: This was a cross-sectional study including 59 volunteers with rheumatoid arthritis receiving treatment at a Hospital of Campos Gerais, that aimed to establish the relation between cardiovascular risk, glucocorticoid treatment and myeloperoxidase in these patients. Subjects were divided into two groups: using (n = 39) and without glucocorticoids (n = 20). They underwent clinical evaluation, physical examination and blood samples were taken. Statistical analysis was performed using Student's t-test and Mann-Whitney test. Logistic regression was performed to assess cardiovascular risk. The significance level was 5% (α = 0.05). Calculations were performed using the Statistical Package for the Social Science version 21.0. Results: There has been a significant difference between groups in blood glucose values (p = 0.012), that can be explained by the different percentage of diabetic patients in the groups. When assessed cardiovascular risk using the predictors of glucocorticoid dose, time of glucocorticoid use, myeloperoxidase, and C-reactive protein together, these were responsible for significantly predicting cardiovascular risk (p = 0.015). Conclusions: A significant relation between the predictor myeloperoxidase alone was also demonstrated (p = 0.037), may it be an important predictor of cardiovascular risk among individuals with rheumatoid arthritis.

Rosie Phillips Bingham

2011 ◽  
Vol 40 (3) ◽  
pp. 443-472 ◽  
Author(s):  
Helen A. Neville
Keyword(s):  
Professional Development ◽  
Social Justice ◽  
Student Development ◽  
Counseling Psychology ◽  
Leadership Skills ◽  
Life Narrative ◽  
Multiple Factors ◽  
Factors Influencing ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Innovation Leadership

Rosie Phillips Bingham has contributed to the field of counseling psychology and the broader discipline of psychology in myriad ways. She is nationally recognized for her innovation, leadership skills, and fundraising capabilities. She is also known for her commitment to student development and her caring mentoring approach. In this life narrative, the multiple factors influencing Rosie’s professional development are uncovered, as is her journey in becoming a self-assured psychologist who is committed to social justice and who has made a significant difference in individuals’ lives and in the profession.

Differences in Hourly Wages and Hours Worked Between Successfully Rehabilitated African Americans and European Americans: The More Things Change, The More They Stay The Same

1999 ◽  
Vol 30 (4) ◽  
pp. 10-15 ◽  
Author(s):  
Keith B. Wilson
Keyword(s):  
African Americans ◽  
T Test ◽  
Future Research ◽  
European American ◽  
Successful Completion ◽  
Hours Worked ◽  
Rehabilitation Process ◽  
Point Biserial Correlation ◽  
European Americans ◽  
Significant Difference

The purpose of this study was to examine whether African Americans and European Americans with disbilities would differ in hourly wages and hours worked after being closed successfully. The t-test and point biserial correlation was used to determine whether the means of hours worked and hourly wages differed significantly between African Amencans and European Americans. A statistically significant difference emerged between the two group on hourly wages after the successful completion of the rehabilitation process; however, hours worked at close were not statistically significant. Average weekly hours, average wages per hour, and race proved to be only negligibly associated and statistically significant. African Americans tend to earn less than their European American counterparts after successful closures. Future research considerations are discussed.

Geometrical Comparison between Chinese and European-American Cervical Vertebrae

2012 ◽  
Vol 630 ◽  
pp. 425-430
Author(s):  
Hai Bin Chen ◽  
Li Ying Zhang ◽  
Li Wen Tan ◽  
Shao Xiang Zhang ◽  
Xue Mei Cheng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Finite Element ◽  
Cervical Vertebrae ◽  
Geometrical Model ◽  
European American ◽  
Finite Element Models ◽  
Western Model ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Geometrical Scaling ◽  
Male Cadaver ◽  
Geometrical Difference

Neck finite element models have been extensively applied to design and validate the artificial biomaterials. To date, many finite element models of European-American neck have been proposed. However, the issue that using the geometrical scaling to convert a western model into a Chinese neck model is highly controversial. A Chinese neck model, based on MRI/CT scan images and frozen slice images from a 35-year old male cadaver, was established in this paper to examine the geometrical difference between Chinese and European-American cervical vertebrae. Results showed that at every level of all cervical vertebrae except C2, a significant difference between the geometrical model of the Chinese and European-American cervical vertebrae was revealed. The authors suggested that there might be a significant difference between the Chinese and European-American cervical vertebrae.

scholarly journals A study on the positive psychological capital of adolescents: Focusing on parent-adolescent conversation time and open communication

2021 ◽  
Vol 59 (3) ◽  
pp. 287-296
Author(s):  
Ara Choi
Keyword(s):  
Academic Achievement ◽  
Middle School Students ◽  
Psychological Capital ◽  
Economic Condition ◽  
Demographic Variables ◽  
Hierarchical Regression ◽  
School Students ◽  
Open Communication ◽  
Positive Psychological Capital ◽  
Significant Difference

This study examined the influences of demographic variables, parent-adolescent conversation time, and open communication on the positive psychological capital of adolescents. The data were collected from 243 middle school students living in Gwangju from December 23, 2019, to January 3, 2020. Data were analyzed using correlation analysis, and hierarchical regression analysis. The results can be summarized as follows. First, with economic condition, academic achievement, parent-adolescent conversation time, and open communication, positive psychological capital showed significant difference statistically. Second, father-adolescent open communication best explained positive psychological capital, followed by academic achievement, and motheradolescent open communication. The results highlight the important roles played by parent-adolescent open communication and academic achievement in improving adolescents’positive psychological capital. The study contributes to the literature by providing fundamental insights into adolescents’positive psychological capital.

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