A Time for Skepticism

1974 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 20-24 ◽  
Author(s):  
Martin Gold
Keyword(s):  
Reliable Data ◽  
Treatment Programs ◽  
Specific Research ◽  
Research Findings ◽  
Field Experimentation ◽  
Delinquency Treatment

Specific research findings are introduced to demonstrate the absence of reliable data supporting claims for the effectiveness of delinquency treatment programs currently in use. Progress in this field will be encouraged if those responsible for treatment programs apply various techniques with a great deal of skepticism, testing their effectiveness systematically and evaluating them ob jectively. Continued innovation is urged, but cast in the form of careful field experimentation.

Out-of-home care: Building a national research agenda

2003 ◽  
Vol 28 (2) ◽  
pp. 5-13 ◽  
Author(s):  
Judy Cashmore ◽  
Frank Ainsworth
Keyword(s):  
Home Care ◽  
Research Agenda ◽  
Service Providers ◽  
Research Question ◽  
Reliable Data ◽  
Family Welfare ◽  
Adequate Funding ◽  
Out Of Home Care ◽  
Research Findings ◽  
Rapid Transfer

This article presents the argument for the development of a national research agenda for out-of-home care and what is needed to make this agenda work. The need for a commitment to research, adequate funding and access to reliable data, plus the rapid transfer of research findings, into practice, is outlined. It also reports on the outcomes of a research agenda-building workshop sponsored by the National Child and Family Welfare Research Coalition and held in September 2002. This workshop provided an opportunity to generate a list of research question that researchers, service providers and practitioners saw as significant priorities in a national research agenda.

EMDR With Grief: Reflections on Ginny Sprang’s 2001 Study

2012 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 187-192 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katy Murray
Keyword(s):  
Young Adult ◽  
Eye Movement ◽  
Clinical Case ◽  
Research Study ◽  
Young Mother ◽  
Research And Practice ◽  
Specific Research ◽  
Case Examples ◽  
Research Findings ◽  
Comprehensive Discussion

“Translating Research Into Practice” is a new regular journal feature in which clinicians share clinical case examples that support, elaborate, or illustrate the results of a specific research study. Each column begins with the abstract of that study, followed by the clinician’s description of their own application of standard eye movement desensitization and reprocessing (EMDR) procedures with the population or problem treated in the study. The column is edited by the EMDR Research Foundation with the goal of providing a link between research and practice and making research findings relevant in therapists’ day-to-day practices. In this issue’s column, Katy Murray references Sprang’s (2001) study, which investigated EMDR treatment of complicated mourning and describes how she used EMDR with three challenging cases—a mother mourning for her young adult son who died by suicide, a woman struggling with the loss of her mother to Alzheimer’s disease, and a young mother whose baby was stillborn. Case examples are followed with a comprehensive discussion.

Improved manoeuvring of autonomous passenger vehicles: Simulations and field results

2015 ◽  
Vol 23 (12) ◽  
pp. 1954-1983 ◽  
Author(s):  
M Elbanhawi ◽  
M Simic ◽  
R Jazar
Keyword(s):  
Field Experiments ◽  
Longitudinal Velocity ◽  
Lateral Acceleration ◽  
Order Continuity ◽  
B Spline ◽  
Autonomous Cars ◽  
Planning Methods ◽  
Research Findings ◽  
Field Experimentation ◽  
New Research

This paper describes a novel manoeuvre planning method to attenuate disturbances acting on occupants of autonomous cars as a result of driving behaviour. New research findings suggested that the passengers in autonomous cars might be more prone to motion sickness and thus overall discomfort. The proposed approach is based on a recently developed novel continuous B-spline path smoothing algorithm for car-like steered robots. Two algorithms are designed for urban driving scenarios and steering between two predefined poses. The resulting paths avoid abrupt changes in steering and longitudinal velocity, by maintaining curvature and its high order continuity. We show that this lead to reduced high frequency disturbances in steering and resulting load disturbances on passengers. The presented novel B-spline manoeuvres outperform other planning methods by reducing lateral acceleration and yaw disturbances. New approach was verified by rigorous simulations, numerical and field experimentation. Tests were repeated for a number of different paths and velocities. The reported results are the first spline based parameterisation methods practically applied for autonomous cars planning and re-planning, then validated using both noisy actuation simulations and field experiments.

scholarly journals Scale Development and Validation: Methodology and Recommendations

2020 ◽  
Vol 27 (2) ◽  
pp. 24-35
Author(s):  
Kevan Lamm ◽  
Alexa Lamm ◽  
Don Edgar
Keyword(s):  
Quantitative Analysis ◽  
Scale Development ◽  
Internal Structure ◽  
Reliable Data ◽  
Extension Education ◽  
Response Process ◽  
Scale Development And Validation ◽  
Agricultural And Extension Education ◽  
Research Findings ◽  
Development And Validation

The importance of valid and reliable data and its collection is fundamental to empirical research; however, there remain inconsistent approaches to creating robust scales capable of capturing both valid and reliable data, particularly within international agricultural and extension education contexts. Robust scale development consists of five areas for validation: content, response process, internal structure, external structure, and consequential. The purpose of this guide was to provide methodological recommendations to improve scale development rigor and adoption and to provide a set of functional principles to aid researchers and practitioners interested in capturing data through developed, or adapted, scales. Additionally, the information summarized provide a benchmark upon which to evaluate the rigor and validity of reported scale results. A consistent framework should provide a common lexicon upon which to examine scales and associated results. Proper scale development and validation will help ensure research findings accurately describe intended underlying concepts, particularly within an international agricultural and extension education context. Keywords: scale development, validity, quantitative analysis

A Practitioner's Guide to Breathwork in Clinical Mental Health Counseling

2020 ◽  
Vol 42 (1) ◽  
pp. 78-94
Author(s):  
Babatunde Aideyan ◽  
Gina C. Martin ◽  
Eric T. Beeson
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Mental Illness ◽  
Stress Disorder ◽  
Preliminary Evidence ◽  
Treatment Programs ◽  
Mental Health Counselors ◽  
Health Counseling ◽  
Yogic Breathing ◽  
Research Findings ◽  
Anxiety Depression

Breathwork techniques and therapies offer a set of practical interventions for clinical mental health counselors (CMHCs) and are viable methods for integrating physiological sensitivities in treatment by way of the relaxation response. We discuss an organizing framework of breathwork practices and identify three broad categories of breathwork within the field: deep relaxation breathing, mindfulness breathwork, and yogic breathing. Each style is distinct in how it is applied and in the specific respiratory patterns that users are instructed to use. We also aim to elaborate the physiological effects, clinical research outcomes, and applicability of breathwork for treating mental illness. Overall, research findings indicate that breathwork may be efficacious for treating anxiety, depression, and posttraumatic stress disorder. Despite preliminary evidence for breathwork's efficacy for treating common psychological distress, more research is needed to evaluate its utility for treating a wider range of mental illness. CMHCs are encouraged to incorporate breathwork techniques in their clinical treatment programs but must appraise the value of each technique individually.

scholarly journals Health Anxiety

2020 ◽  
Vol 228 (2) ◽  
pp. 141-144 ◽  
Author(s):  
Charlotte U. Rask ◽  
Tine B. Gehrt ◽  
Martin K. Rimvall ◽  
Lisbeth Frostholm
Keyword(s):  
Health Anxiety ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Treatment Programs ◽  
Preventive Strategies ◽  
Health Issues ◽  
Psychotic Experiences ◽  
Autobiographical Memories ◽  
Future Directions ◽  
Research Findings ◽  
Further Development

Abstract. Health anxiety, characterized by excessive concern about one’s health, is a serious and costly public health problem. The disorder might become chronic if left untreated. Unfortunately many patients do not receive timely or proper treatment due to sparse treatment resources. Also, existing treatment programs, though effective for many, do not work for all. This paper discusses the conceptualization of health anxiety and future directions based on novel research findings. These include: (i) the content and characteristics of autobiographical memories and episodic future thoughts in severe health anxiety, (ii) related concepts such as cyberchondria with excessive Internet browsing on health issues and health anxiety by proxy, where parents display and might confer health anxiety towards their children, (iii) an epidemiological perspective on the association between health anxiety and subclinical psychotic experiences in preadolescence. Exploring these new dimensions could have important implications for the further development of preventive strategies and effective treatment.

Participant Motivation: A Critical Consideration

2015 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 208-214 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alyssa K. McGonagle
Keyword(s):  
Data Collection ◽  
Research Question ◽  
Sampling Strategies ◽  
Good Argument ◽  
Specific Research ◽  
Working Adults ◽  
Journal Editors ◽  
Specific Research Question ◽  
Research Findings ◽  
Critical Consideration

Landers and Behrend (2015) make a good argument that more consideration should be given to sampling strategies in light of the specific research question prior to data collection and that nonorganizational samples should not be automatically dismissed by journal editors and reviewers. Yet, the authors only briefly mention one particular issue that is also relevant to the validity of our research findings—participant motivation. Researchers should seek to better understand why individuals choose to participate in a study and what may be motivating the levels of effort they put forth in participating. Two critical questions include Are participants who they say they are (e.g., working adults)? And, are participants paying attention to the study instructions and questions and participating with effort? In this response, I expand on issues related to participant motivation and apply them to the sampling strategies discussed by Landers and Behrend (2015). I also provide suggestions for ways researchers may address these issues.

scholarly journals Juveniles Justice

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
Phillip D. Clingan
Keyword(s):  
Juvenile Delinquency ◽  
Juvenile Offenders ◽  
Research Problem ◽  
Research Paper ◽  
Treatment Programs ◽  
Evidence Based ◽  
Crime Theory ◽  
Research Findings ◽  
Writing Assignment ◽  
The Relationship

The research paper addresses the problem of mastering the literature to analyze theories, interventions, strategies, and treatment programs for juvenile delinquency. The solution to this problem will help juveniles, families, and the community works together to prevent juvenile offending and make amends to the community and victims. This researcher identifies evidence-based intervention programs, theoretical causes, and multisystem therapies through secondary resources to solve this problem. These resources examine the use of evidence-based intervention and early education programs to reduce the risk of juvenile delinquency. Combined, the resources determine that an evidence-based intervention is designed specifically for juvenile offenders. The juveniles range from committing part-one index crimes to falling in and out of home services. The writing assignment describes and justifies the research problem. The literature approach compares and summarizes sources used to address theories that explain the causes of delinquency and intervention designed to stop misconduct. The research paper identifies the relationship between age and crime theory, non-parent-child attachment, and objects that lead to juvenile delinquency. The research findings illustrate how this researcher presented criminology literature to support the research problem.

Recognizing the Need for Prisoner Input in Correctional Research

2012 ◽  
Vol 92 (2) ◽  
pp. 274-289 ◽  
Author(s):  
Holly Ventura Miller ◽  
Rob Tillyer ◽  
J. Mitchell Miller
Keyword(s):  
Methodological Approach ◽  
Treatment Programs ◽  
Policy And Practice ◽  
Common Component ◽  
Optimal Program ◽  
Data Collection Process ◽  
Correctional Settings ◽  
Research Findings ◽  
Using Data ◽  
Abuse Treatment

Although evaluation has become a common component of substance abuse treatment programs in correctional settings, few evaluation designs use a mixed-methodological approach and even fewer incorporate participant interviews in the data collection process. This oversight is problematic for a number of reasons, one of which is the uniquely disadvantaged position of the subjects under study (i.e., prisoners). Using data from an evaluation of an in-prison alcohol treatment program, this article illustrates the utility of the qualitative interview in correctional research. Findings suggest that interviews are capable of providing information otherwise inaccessible through quantitative designs and identifying process and management barriers to optimal program operation. Discussion centers on implications for policy and practice enhancement.

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