Involuntary psychiatric hospitalization among migrants in Italy: A matched sample study

Background: Immigrants in Europe appear to be at higher risk of psychiatric coercive interventions. Involuntary psychiatric hospitalization poses significant ethical and clinical challenges. Nonetheless, reasons for migration and other risk factors for involuntary treatment were rarely addressed in previous studies. The aims of this study are to clarify whether immigrant patients with acute mental disorders are at higher risk to be involuntarily admitted to hospital and to explore clinical and migratory factors associated with involuntary treatment. Methods: In this cross-sectional matched sample study, we compared the rates of involuntary treatment in a sample of first-generation immigrants admitted in a Psychiatric Intensive Care Unit of a large metropolitan academic hospital to their age-, gender-, and psychiatric diagnosis-matched native counterparts. Clinical, sociodemographic, and migratory variables were collected. The Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale-expanded (BPRS-E) and the Clinical Global Impression-Severity (CGI-S) scale were administered. McNemar test was used for paired categorical variables and a binary logistic regression analysis was performed. Results: A total of 234 patients were included in the analysis. Involuntary treatment rates were significantly higher in immigrants as compared to their matched natives (32% vs. 24% respectively; p < .001). Among immigrants, involuntary hospitalization was found to be more frequent in those patients whose length of stay in Italy was less than 2 years (OR = 4.2, 95% CI [1.4–12.7]). Conclusion: Recently arrived immigrants appear to be at higher risk of involuntary admission. Since coercive interventions can be traumatic and negatively affect outcomes, strategies to prevent this phenomenon are needed.

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Determinants of housing demand in the Erzurum province, Turkey

International Journal of Housing Markets and Analysis ◽

10.1108/ijhma-11-2013-0056 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 7 (4) ◽

pp. 586-602 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Erkan Oktay ◽

Abdulkerim Karaaslan ◽

Ömer Alkan ◽

Ali Kemal Çelik

Keyword(s):

Housing Prices ◽

Binary Logistic Regression ◽

Housing Demand ◽

Outcome Variable ◽

Binary Logistic Regression Analysis ◽

Cross Sectional Survey ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Content Type ◽

Comprehensive Survey ◽

Income Expectations

Purpose – The main aim of this study is to determine the factors that influence the housing demand of households in Erzurum, northeastern Turkey. Housing demand is generally affected by several factors including housing prices, individuals’ income, expectations and choices and so on, as a means of its demographic and socio-psychological contexts. Design/methodology/approach – A questionnaire-based cross-sectional survey was carried out, in which the outcome variable had binary responses such as whether to invest in housing or not. A binary logistic regression analysis was performed to estimate the underlying data. Findings – The questionnaire was conducted in 2,927 households living in Erzurum city center, and 47 per cent of the respondents claimed that they would consider investing in housing in the future. The estimation results reveal that demographic or socio-economic factors that may possibly influence housing demand of the respondents are as follows: household head’s and spouse’s occupation, monthly income, the number of individuals in the family and car ownership. Originality/value – This paper involves the most comprehensive survey addressing the housing demand in the East Anatolian Region, Turkey. Additionally, this paper aims to contribute to the existing housing literature through establishing the statistical analysis of housing demand in an unstudied territory of the world.

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Socioeconomic determinants of micro and small enterprise growth in North Wollo and Waghimira Zone selected towns

Journal of Innovation and Entrepreneurship ◽

10.1186/s13731-021-00165-5 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 10 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Erstu Tarko Kassa

Keyword(s):

Research Design ◽

Binary Logistic Regression ◽

Sampling Technique ◽

Simple Random Sampling ◽

Small Enterprise ◽

Binary Logistic Regression Analysis ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Tax Rate ◽

Socioeconomic Determinant ◽

North Wollo

AbstractThis study aims to investigate the socioeconomic determinant factors that affect the growth of micro and small enterprises (MSEs) in North Wollo and Waghimira Zone selected towns. In this study, a cross-sectional research design with both descriptive and explanatory research design has been employed, and 303 owners of enterprises have participated. The towns were selected purposely, and the respondents were also selected by using a simple random sampling technique. The data were analyzed by using STATA v-14 and applied descriptive and binary logistic regression analysis (odds ratio). The finding of the study revealed that age of the owner, access to finance, family business background, and interest rate most likely affect the growth of the enterprises with the statistically significant level. On the contrary, entrepreneurship training, the experience of the owner, the inflation rate, and competition less likely affect the growth of the enterprises with a statistical significant level. The remaining factors such as gender of the owners, education background, business age, business type, business location, social responsibility, tax rate, and social attitude were not statistically significant to determine the growth of MSEs.

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MO376CLINICAL OUTCOMES OF ACUTE KIDNEY INJURY FOLLOWING SNAKE BITE INJURIES

Nephrology Dialysis Transplantation ◽

10.1093/ndt/gfab082.0030 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 36 (Supplement_1) ◽

Author(s):

Weerakit Naweera ◽

Thapat Wannarong

Keyword(s):

Acute Kidney Injury ◽

Logistic Regression ◽

Kidney Injury ◽

Binary Logistic Regression ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Renal Recovery ◽

Binary Logistic Regression Analysis ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Hospital Arrival ◽

Russell’S Viper

Abstract Background and Aims Snakebite is a common animal bite injury in tropical countries. Acute kidney injury (AKI) is an important complication in snakebite patients. This study aimed to comprehensively investigate the clinical profiles and outcomes of patients following hematotoxin-related snakebite associated with kidney impairment. Method We conducted a hospital-based, cross-sectional study of 238 patients with hematotoxin-related snakebite injuries. Data were retrieved from the King Narai Hospital Registry from October 2014 to August 2020. The prevalence of complications associated with snakebite injuries, including acute kidney injury (AKI) and its severity, was determined. Univariate and Multivariate predictors of AKI diagnosis were evaluated using binary logistic regression analysis Results A total of 238 patients, with 63.4% men, median (IQR) age 49.8 (39-61) years and median duration from injury to a hospital arrival of 1 hour (0.5-2) hours, were injured by Green pit viper (85.7%), Russell’s viper (12.6%) and Malayan pit viper (1.7%). AKI mostly occurred in Russell’s viper group 66.7%. An AKI was reported in thirty (12.6%, 95% CI: 8.7 % - 17.5%) patients, with the severity of 66.7% stage one, 6.7% stage two, 26.6% stage three by KDIGO classifications, and 13.3% requiring hemodialysis. Complete renal recovery was seen in twenty-two patients (73.3%), while partial renal recovery was 23.3%. Other complications included 84.4 % limb cellulitis, 4.6% significantly bleeding, 2.5% hypotension, 25.6% prolonged venous clotting time (VCT), 46.7% prolonged prothrombin time (PT), and 14.3% prolonged partial thromboplastin time (PTT). Of total patients, 60.1% were treated with anti-venom. Mortality was relatively low (0.4%). In multivariable logistic regression analyses, AKI was significantly associated with time to hospital arrival more than 3 hours (p = 0.04), Russell’s viper bitten (p = 0.01), clinical bleeding (p = 0.01), and prolonged PT (p < 0.01). Conclusion The prevalence of AKI in patients bitten by hematotoxin snakes was 12.6%, mostly from Russell’s viper. Factors associated with AKI outcomes were time to hospital arrival more than 3 hours, Russell’s viper bitten, clinical bleeding, and prolonged PT. Besides, one-fourth of AKI patients turned to chronic kidney disease.

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The Uptake and Vaccination Willingness of COVID-19 Vaccine among Chinese Residents: Web-Based Online Cross-Sectional Study

Vaccines ◽

10.3390/vaccines10010090 ◽

2022 ◽

Vol 10 (1) ◽

pp. 90

Author(s):

Yi Kong ◽

Hao Jiang ◽

Zhisheng Liu ◽

Yi Guo ◽

Dehua Hu

Keyword(s):

Health Status ◽

Binary Logistic Regression ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Personal Health ◽

Binary Logistic Regression Analysis ◽

Snowball Sampling ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Web Based ◽

The Difference ◽

High Level

Objective: To investigate the uptake and vaccination willingness of the COVID-19 vaccine among Chinese residents and analyze the difference and factors that impact vaccination. Methods: The snowball sampling method was used to distribute online questionnaires. Relevant sociodemographic data along with the circumstances of COVID-19 vaccination were collected from the respondents. The χ2 test, independent samples t test and binary logistic regression analysis were used to analyze the data. Results: Among 786 respondents, 84.22% had been vaccinated. Over 80% of the vaccinated population have completed all the injections because of supporting the national vaccination policies of China, while the unvaccinated population (23.91%) is mainly due to personal health status. Meanwhile, statistical analysis revealed that the main predictors of not being vaccinated were younger age (3 to 18 years old), personal health status, and lower vaccinated proportion of family members and close friends (p < 0.05). Conclusions: There was a high level of uptake of the COVID-19 vaccine in China, and people who have not been vaccinated generally had a low willingness to vaccinate in the future. Based on our results, it suggested the next work to expand the coverage of the COVID-19 vaccination should be concentrated on targeted publicity and education for people who have not been vaccinated.

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Association between the non-HDL-cholesterol to HDL-cholesterol ratio and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease in Chinese children and adolescents: a large single-center cross-sectional study

10.21203/rs.3.rs-63438/v3 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Shouxing Yang ◽

Jinwei Zhong ◽

Mengsi Ye ◽

Lei Miao ◽

Guangrong Lu ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Logistic Regression ◽

Regression Analysis ◽

Children And Adolescents ◽

Binary Logistic Regression ◽

Hdl Cholesterol ◽

Chinese Children ◽

Binary Logistic Regression Analysis ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Alcoholic Fatty Liver ◽

Chinese Children And Adolescents

Abstract Background: The non-HDL-cholesterol to HDL-cholesterol (NHDLC/HDLC) ratio is closely related to a variety of dyslipidemia-related diseases. This study aimed to inspect the relationship between the NHDLC/HDLC ratio and non-alcoholic fatty liver (NAFLD) in children and adolescents.Methods: In this cross-sectional survey, a total of 7,759 eligible Chinese children and adolescents (5,692 boys and 2,067 girls) received routine medical examinations. The anthropometric and laboratory data of the subjects were collected. NAFLD was diagnosed by liver ultrasonography. Binary logistic regression analysis was performed on the NHDLC/HDLC ratio, NHDLC, HDLC and NAFLD. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis was exploited to compare the diagnostic significance of the above parameters for NAFLD.Results: The total prevalence of NAFLD was 4.36%, and the prevalence in boys was higher than that in girls (5.61% vs. 1.9%, P < 0.001). The prevalence of NAFLD was positively correlated with the NHDLC/HDLC ratio (P < 0.001). The binary logistic regression analysis demonstrated that the OR was 8.61 (95% CI, 5.90-12.57, P < 0.001) in tertile 3 (highest NHDLC/HDLC ratio) compared with tertile 1 (lowest NHDLC/HDLC ratio). After adjustment for age, sex, body mass index (BMI), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), uric acid (UA), total bilirubin (TB), fasting plasma glucose (FPG) and Homeostasis Model Assessment of Insulin Resistance (HOMA-IR), the OR for tertile 3 (OR=1.83, 95% CI, 1.04-3.22, P = 0.035) was still significantly higher than that of tertile 1. The area under the curve (AUC) of the NHDLC/HDLC ratio of boys was 0.787, which was significantly greater than that of NHDLC and HDLC (0.719 and 0.726, P < 0.001). For girls, the AUC of the NHDLC/HDLC ratio was 0.763, which was also significantly greater than that of NHDLC (0.661, P < 0.001). Furthermore, the cutoff point of the NHDLC/HDLC ratio was 2.475 in boys and 2.695 in girls. In addition, the AUC of the NHDLC/HDLC ratio was 0.761 in subjects with normal ALT levels (ALT ≤ 40 U/L), which was significantly higher than that of NHDLC (0.680, P < 0.001) and HDLC (0.724, P = 0.007). For subjects with elevated ALT levels (ALT > 40 U/L), the AUC of the NHDLC/HDLC ratio (0.746) was also significantly greater than that of NHDLC (0.646, P < 0.001)Conclusions: The NHDLC/HDLC ratio was positively correlated with NAFLD in Chinese children and adolescents. It may serve as an effective indicator to help identify NAFLD in children and adolescents.

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Relationship between plasma homocysteine and blood pressure in hypertensive Northern-Nigerians

African Health Sciences ◽

10.4314/ahs.v20i1.38 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 20 (1) ◽

pp. 324-337

Author(s):

Obiageli Uzoamaka Onyemelukwe ◽

Bilkisu Bello Maiha

Keyword(s):

Blood Pressure ◽

Binary Logistic Regression ◽

Plasma Homocysteine ◽

Binary Logistic Regression Analysis ◽

Healthy Controls ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Hypertensive Patients ◽

Blood Pressure Difference ◽

Confounding Variables ◽

Blood Pressures

Aim: The study sought to determine whether there is any relationship between plasma homocysteine and blood pressure levels in Nigerians with essential hypertension. Method: It was a cross-sectional analytical study done on 120 randomly selected hypertensive patients and 120 normal healthy controls seen at the large Conference hall of the Ahmadu Bello University (ABU) Medical Centre, Zaria as well as the ABU Teaching Hospital, Zaria, Northern-Nigeria. Pearson’s Correlation and Binary Logistic Regression analysis determined the rela- tionship between homocysteine and hypertension. Results: Hyperhomocysteinaemia found in the hypertensive patients (22.8 ± 6.6 µmol/L) differed significantly (p<0.001) from controls (10.9 ± 2.8 µmol/L) with significant (p<0.001), blood pressure difference between both groups. Homocysteine signifi- cantly positively correlated with systolic (r = 0.51, p<0.001) and diastolic (r = 0.47, p<0.001) blood pressures in hypertensive subjects. The relation of plasma hcy to hypertension was statistically significant for SBP; OR: 1.08 (95% CI, 1.05-1.11) and DBP; OR: 1.08 (95% CI, 1.03-1.13) in the unadjusted model. When adjusted for confounding variables, hcy was significantly related to SBP; OR: 1.1 (95% CI, 1.04-1.18) but not DBP (p=0.25; OR: 1.06 (95 % CI, 0.96-1.18). The mean plasma folate level was high (115.2 ± 48.0 ng/mL) in the hypertensive subjects. The hyperhomocysteinaemic subjects showed a 2.8 times Odds of developing hypertension. Conclusion: This study showed higher mean plasma homocysteine levels in hypertensives than controls not accounted for by sub-optimal folate levels. Hyperhomocysteinaemia showed a positive relationship to systolic hypertension after adjusting for confounders. Keywords: Plasma homocysteine; hypertension; healthy controls; folic acid; blood pressure; Northern-Nigerians.

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FACTORS AFFECTING ADHERENCE TO RECOMMENDED MEDICATIONS AMONG PATIENTS WITH CHRONIC OBSTRUCTIVE PULMONARY DISEASE (COPD) IN A SELECTED TEACHING HOSPITAL, SRI LANKA

International Journal of Research -GRANTHAALAYAH ◽

10.29121/granthaalayah.v7.i9.2019.553 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 7 (9) ◽

pp. 16-29

Author(s):

I.M.M. Dassanayaka ◽

K.K.V.P. Dayananda ◽

Thamara D. Amarasekara

Keyword(s):

Sri Lanka ◽

Teaching Hospital ◽

Electronic Device ◽

Binary Logistic Regression ◽

Chronic Obstructive ◽

Binary Logistic Regression Analysis ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽

Factors Affecting ◽

Drug Classes

Background: This study was conducted to determine the prevalence of adherence and factors affecting adherence to recommended medications among patients with COPD in a selected teaching hospital, Sri Lanka. Method: A descriptive cross-sectional design was used among conveniently selected (n=184) participants who attended to the Colombo South Teaching Hospital, Sri Lanka. Data were collected using a pre-tested (n=10) interviewer-administered questionnaire and Morisky Green Levine Scale from January to March 2019. Results: Most of the participants were male (108, 58.7%) and above 65 years old (108, 58.7%). Among all participants, 121 (65.8%) adhered to the recommended medications for COPD, and 63 participants (34.2%) were non-adhered. Demographic factors were not associated with adherence. Number of prescribed respiratory drug classes, number of respiratory medication on the last prescription, number of doses per day, vaccination (pneumococcal, influenza), using an electronic device to remember the time of administering medicine, (p<0.05) were significantly associated with adherence. According to the binary logistic regression analysis, clear and understandable written instructions in dispensing label (p<0.05) were significantly associated with adherence. Conclusions: Most of the participants adhered to the recommended medications for COPD. Health education interventions might enhance the sustainability of adherence to recommended medication among patients with COPD.

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Effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on perceived stress levels of employees working in private organizations during lockdown

Avicenna ◽

10.5339/avi.2021.7 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 2021 (2) ◽

Author(s):

Arfa Maqsood ◽

Javeria Saleem ◽

Muhammad Salman Butt ◽

Ruhma Binte Shahzad ◽

Raja Zubair ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Perceived Stress ◽

Descriptive Analysis ◽

Binary Logistic Regression ◽

Binary Logistic Regression Analysis ◽

Strong Negative Correlation ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Private Organizations ◽

Working From Home ◽

Stress Levels ◽

Working Parameters

Background Worldwide, office employees have experienced two novel phenomena during the COVID-19 pandemic and lockdown: working from home and reductions in their salaries. These phenomena have majorly impacted the lives of individuals as well as their families. The present study aims to measure the perceived stress levels among employees during the COVID-19 pandemic lockdown in Pakistan. Methodology A cross-sectional approach was used to collect data from a sample of 385 employees working in three different IT-oriented private organizations. A semi-structured, Likert-scale questionnaire was used, containing the 10-item inventory from the Perceived Stress Scale (PSS). A sociodemographic profile, working parameters, and frequency of PSS inventory were presented in the descriptive analysis. Binary logistic regression analysis was made to compare the stress levels of the two groups resulting from their workloads and reductions in salary. Results An elevated perceived stress level (50.9%) was observed among the employees, showing a significant relationship with salary reduction and home work engagement (p<0.005). A strong negative correlation was observed (-0.860) for the salary reduction with PSS. Conclusion Working from home and reductions in salary caused increased perceived stress levels of the employees working in private organizations. Salary reductions proved to be a strong stressor, causing economic disruption and inability to cope with financial burdens during the COVID-19 pandemic.

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Sociodemographic variables and efficacy study in psychotic patients after 12 months of outpatient treatment with paliperidone palmitate (PP)

European Psychiatry ◽

10.1016/j.eurpsy.2016.01.2018 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 33 (S1) ◽

pp. S546-S546

Author(s):

P. Manzur Rojas ◽

P. Botias Cegarra ◽

M.R. Raposo Hernandez ◽

M.I. Ibernon Caballero ◽

A. Sanchez Bahillo ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Psychotic Disorders ◽

Rating Scale ◽

Clinical Status ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Mental Illnesses ◽

Sociodemographic Characteristics ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Psychiatric Rating ◽

Competing Interest ◽

Psychiatric Rating Scale

IntroductionPsychotic disorders are serious mental illnesses that compromise the quality of life of patients. It is important to know the characteristics of the affected population, seek to improve the adhesion and functionality.ObjectivesTo describe the sociodemographic characteristics of patients treated with Palmitato Paliperidona (PP). Analyze the efficacy variables, adherence to treatment.MethodsCross-sectional study of 15 patients in outpatient follow-up after 12 months of treatment with PP. Sociodemographic characteristics are collected, mean dose of PP, through a mirror study. Scales to measure the functionality, clinical status and attitude towards medication apply: Scale of personal and social functioning (PSP), Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale (BPRS), Clinical Global Impression Scale (CGI-SI) and attitudes toward Inventory Medication (DAI).ResultsThe sample consists of 15 patients (54% male). 81% are single; 77% live alone and 94% not working. The mean dose of PP is 147 mg/month. DAI shows a good attitude to the treatment (80%). The PSP shows that 22% of patients have serious difficulties in its development. The CGI-SI shows that 67% are moderately sick and the BPRS that 33% of patients have a serious disorder.ConclusionsThe demographic profile of patients after 12 months of treatment with PP coincides with male, unmarried, unemployed, living alone. Most have good adherence. The variables measured by the CGI-SI, BPRS and PSP, displayed moderately ill patients with severe difficulties or marked on their autonomy.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.

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Short-term residential care for dementia patients: predictors for utilization and expected quality from a family caregiver's point of view

International Psychogeriatrics ◽

10.1017/s1041610209009193 ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 21 (4) ◽

pp. 703-710 ◽

Cited By ~ 13

Author(s):

Carolin Donath ◽

Angelika Winkler ◽

Elmar Gräßel

Keyword(s):

Family Caregivers ◽

Residential Care ◽

Qualitative Content Analysis ◽

Binary Logistic Regression ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Point Of View ◽

Binary Logistic Regression Analysis ◽

Short Term ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Dementia Patients

ABSTRACTBackground: Short-term residential care (SRC) has proved to be effective in reducing the burden on family caregivers of dementia patients. Nevertheless, little is known about the factors which influence its usage or the expectations of family caregivers regarding quality. In this paper we address the following questions: (i) which variables of the care situation, the caregivers and their attitudes act as predictors for the utilization of SRC facilities? (ii) What are the views of caregivers about the quality of SRC?Methods: The cross-sectional study was carried out as an anonymous written survey of family caregivers of dementia patients in four regions of Germany. With a 20% response it was possible to analyze the quantitative and qualitative data from 404 and 254 family caregivers respectively. Predictors for utilization were evaluated using binary logistic regression analysis. The answers to questions of quality were evaluated using qualitative content analysis.Results: Significant predictors for the utilization of SRC are the assessment of the helpfulness of SRC and the caregiver's knowledge of the accessibility of SRC facilities. Family caregivers who had already used SRC most frequently expressed the wish for “good care” in SRC facilities, followed by a program of suitable activities for dementia patients.Conclusions: In order to increase the rate of utilization, family caregivers must be convinced of the relevant advantages of using SRC facilities. The staff should be trained in caring for dementia patients and appropriate activities should be available.

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