Symbols and Dynamics of Social Meanings: Lessons From Residential Grave Spaces Among the Ekiti Yoruba of Southwest Nigeria

2019 ◽  
pp. 003022281986157 ◽  
Author(s):  
Babatunde Joshua Omotosho
Keyword(s):  
Social Structure ◽  
Symbolic Interactionism ◽  
Modern Society ◽  
Social Needs ◽  
Community Members ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
Social Meanings ◽  
Southwest Nigeria ◽  
Modern Era ◽  
Power Play

Grave spaces within Yoruba (Nigeria) societies are not just ordinary symbols, and they constitute “other place” used to meet individuals’ physical and social needs. This study examined how residential grave spaces within Yoruba social structure are used by them in meeting their day-to-day needs. Drawing from symbolic interactionism theory, and data gathered from Ekiti-Yoruba culture, this study investigates how community members define and utilize the place of graves from traditional to modern society in meeting their needs. Findings revealed that during the precolonial society, grave spaces served religious and endearment purposes. While still retaining these functions in modern era, the functions have increased to security, protections, and power play due to the hurdles posed by modernity. The article concluded that the practice may continue in spite of its opposition by policy makers and orthodox faiths.

scholarly journals “They Wanted to Study Us; They Didn’t Want to Help Us”: Socially Just and Participatory Research Methodologies for Demographically Changing Schools

2017 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Lyle Donald Hamm ◽  
Helen Massfeller ◽  
Amanda Scott ◽  
Kevin Cormier
Keyword(s):  
Case Study Research ◽  
Social Needs ◽  
Community Members ◽  
Open Communication ◽  
Refugee Students ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
Community Stakeholders ◽  
The Social ◽  
Changing Schools ◽  
The Impact

Educators and leaders across Canada must re-conceptualize their pedagogies and leadership approaches and reflect on their own worldviews to enhance the transitions of new immigrant, international and refugee students into their schools. This paper reports on ongoing case study research in New Brunswick, Canada. The researchers are investigating the impact and implications of immigration and demographic changes on school and community stakeholders. The authors discuss the social justice and participatory methodological framework they are employing in the first school of five in their investigation and report the mid-case thematic findings related to the changing demographic conditions in the province. The findings have been consistently shared with school leaders and teachers through active participation, open communication and co-construction of meanings. The authors are hopeful that the key findings from this research will inform educators and policy-makers as they respond to the educational and social needs of their students and community members.

СОВРЕМЕННОЕ РОССИЙСКОЕ ОБЩЕСТВО КАК ПРОСТРАНСТВО КОНФЛИКТА

2018 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 92
Author(s):  
V. V. Gorshkova ◽  
A. A. Melnikova
Keyword(s):  
Middle Class ◽  
Social Structure ◽  
Political Institutions ◽  
Socioeconomic Development ◽  
Modern Society ◽  
Western Society ◽  
Russian Society ◽  
Social Conflicts ◽  
The Social ◽  
Modern Russian

The article considers the contradictions and conflicts that are characteristic of modern Russian society. The processes of social disintegration are analyzed and interpreted as a result of fundamental social and economic transformations. The problems of economic inequality are presented in the historical perspective in close connection with the previous stages of Russia's socioeconomic development. Significant polarization of the population is one of the most significant conflict factors in modern society, which leads to an increase in protest moods and may in the long term threaten social upheavals. Nevertheless, dissatisfaction with the socio-economic situation does not lead to ideas of the unification and consolidation of society, but find expression in social conflicts. The emergence and development of social conflicts is influenced by a number of factors: economic, ethnic, religious. One of the most important characteristics of society is its social structure. After the collapse of the USSR, the previous social structure was abolished, and a new social reality was formed in Russia. When considering the stratification structure of society, most attention is paid to the middle class, which is considered the backbone of a stable society. The middle class in Russia is in the stage of formation, it is hardly possible to speak of a complete analogy with the middle class of Western society. The share of middle class in society can be estimated in different ways depending on the methodological approaches used by researchers. An important consequence of the transformation of the social structure was the problem of marginalization, since the dismantling of the old social structure and the slow formation of the new one put the social status and place in the division of labor system of many individuals into question. The sharp impoverishment of representatives of prestigious professions led to a reassessment of their situation, especially for the younger generation. When analyzing the origins of social conflicts in modern Russian society, it is necessary to consider the issue of the attitude of the broad masses of the population to power and national elites. It should be noted that power in Russia historically takes shape around specific leaders and does not have an institutional character. The most significant factor shaping the attitude towards the authorities and the elite in general in Russian society are the economic results of the market reforms that have taken place. Only a small part of the population believes that they won as a result of the changes that have taken place, the natural consequence of which is the population's distrust of the authorities and, in general, political institutions.

scholarly journals HANDLING DISTRUST ON RISK COMMUNICATION IN NIGERIA: A STRATEGY TO STRENGTHENING THE COVID-19 OUTBREAK RESPONSE

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-22
Author(s):  
Olayinka Stephen Ilesanmi ◽  
Priscilla Onaopemipo Akosile ◽  
Aanuoluwapo Adeyimika Afolabi ◽  
Victor Okoliko Ukwenya
Keyword(s):  
Risk Communication ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Outbreak Response ◽  
Community Members ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
Level Of Significance ◽  
High Level

Abstract Background This study aimed to assess the level of trust in the COVID-19 risk communication efforts in Nigeria. Methods We conducted a descriptive cross-sectional study among community members aged 15 years and above in Ondo state in October, 2020. Data were collected using an interviewer-administered questionnaire. Data were analyzed using SPSS version 22. Descriptive statistics were summarized using frequencies. Trust was ranked from “1” implying “Low level of trust” to “7” denoting “High level of trust”. We conducted bivariate Chi-square test on respondents’ level of trust in the Nigeria Centre for Disease Control (NCDC) and socio-demographic characteristics. The level of significance was set at p<0.05. Results Among the 691 respondents, 244 (35.3%) were aged 21 to 29 years, and 304 (51.4%) used the NCDC to obtain COVID-19 knowledge. Overall, 205 (41.8%) had high level of trust in the NCDC. Furthermore, 51 (51.5%) individuals aged 30-39 years had high level of trust in the NCDC (ᵡ2=17.455, p= 0.001). Also, 114 (48.5%) persons who lived with children below 18 years had high level of trust in the NCDC (ᵡ2= 8.266, p= 0.004). Conclusion Policy makers should prioritize the involvement of young and educated persons in COVID-19 risk communication strategies.

scholarly journals Rethinking success, integrity, and culture in research (part 1) — a multi-actor qualitative study on success in science

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Noémie Aubert Bonn ◽  
Wim Pinxten
Keyword(s):  
Qualitative Study ◽  
Focus Groups ◽  
Research Integrity ◽  
Current Paper ◽  
Research Quality ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Community Members ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
The Past ◽  
Research Students

Abstract Background Success shapes the lives and careers of scientists. But success in science is difficult to define, let alone to translate in indicators that can be used for assessment. In the past few years, several groups expressed their dissatisfaction with the indicators currently used for assessing researchers. But given the lack of agreement on what should constitute success in science, most propositions remain unanswered. This paper aims to complement our understanding of success in science and to document areas of tension and conflict in research assessments. Methods We conducted semi-structured interviews and focus groups with policy makers, funders, institution leaders, editors or publishers, research integrity office members, research integrity community members, laboratory technicians, researchers, research students, and former-researchers who changed career to inquire on the topics of success, integrity, and responsibilities in science. We used the Flemish biomedical landscape as a baseline to be able to grasp the views of interacting and complementary actors in a system setting. Results Given the breadth of our results, we divided our findings in a two-paper series, with the current paper focusing on what defines and determines success in science. Respondents depicted success as a multi-factorial, context-dependent, and mutable construct. Success appeared to be an interaction between characteristics from the researcher (Who), research outputs (What), processes (How), and luck. Interviewees noted that current research assessments overvalued outputs but largely ignored the processes deemed essential for research quality and integrity. Interviewees suggested that science needs a diversity of indicators that are transparent, robust, and valid, and that also allow a balanced and diverse view of success; that assessment of scientists should not blindly depend on metrics but also value human input; and that quality should be valued over quantity. Conclusions The objective of research assessments may be to encourage good researchers, to benefit society, or simply to advance science. Yet we show that current assessments fall short on each of these objectives. Open and transparent inter-actor dialogue is needed to understand what research assessments aim for and how they can best achieve their objective. Study Registration osf.io/33v3m.

scholarly journals Designing Wayang Kulit Purwa with Gatotkaca as the Character in Game

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nunnun Bonafix
Keyword(s):  
Digital Media ◽  
Rapid Development ◽  
Modern Society ◽  
Young Generation ◽  
Experience Design ◽  
Solid Foundation ◽  
The Times ◽  
Wayang Kulit ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Modern Era

Young generation nowadays has lack of knowledge on the culture of shadow puppet (wayang kulit) which is a heritage that has a high value of art and philosophy. This is caused by the impact of foreign cultures rapidly entering Indonesia. The rapid development of the information technology through internet & game has led to globalization that seems to be not limited to space and time. The speed of information and foreign cultures cannot be stopped. The culture of shadow puppet (wayang kulit) is getting eroded and is not much known by the modern society nowadays. This is an irony to a big nation which has a rich heritage, so it is our obligation as a citizen to maintain and preserve it. Based on the formulae of AIGA 2015 that defines (time + content + context) / time = experience design, the game of wayang kulit (shadow puppet) Gatotkaca put forbattled different experience to users in exploring the information and entertainment in those media. Having the spirit of moderate Postmodernism, the design plan called User Interface which combines the modern and classic traditional elements will encourage new experience to the users (Experience Design). The design recognizes times and trends, and it keeps changing as the development of the times. The design can be a pace setter to next individuals who are called to maintain and preserve national cultures, in general, and wayang kulit purwa, in particular, through digital media. The development in the modern era will not change the identity of shadow puppet (wayang kulit) culture since it has solid foundation.

scholarly journals Home Finance - The Source of Improving Wellness of the Population

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (9S2) ◽  
pp. 706-708
Keyword(s):  
Qualitative Analysis ◽  
Social Structure ◽  
Financial System ◽  
Modern Society ◽  
The State ◽  
Public Authorities ◽  
Public Finances ◽  
State Economy ◽  
The Social ◽  
Commodity Money

For a qualitative analysis of the state of modern society and financial relations prevailing in the financial system of our country, it is especially important to study issues related to attracting public finances to the state economy. The long process of developing commodity-money relations has radically changed the content of finance. If earlier in these relations the main and fundamental role was played by the monarchs, the state, as the owners of all property, then in the XX century. The main owners of valuables, including enterprises and firms, are citizens, and the state represented by public authorities acts as an intermediary and a consumer of redistributed wealth. Confirming this thesis, P. Drucker expressed that the main impetus of progress now comes not from the social structure, but from an individual, and the present time requires every person to take effective actions to transform not only society, but above all himself [1 ].

The Right to Privacy and the Protection of Personal Data in a Digital Era and the Age of Information

2012 ◽  
pp. 34-45
Author(s):  
William Bülow ◽  
Misse Wester
Keyword(s):  
Empirical Evidence ◽  
Personal Information ◽  
Personal Data ◽  
Modern Society ◽  
Right To Privacy ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
The Right To Privacy ◽  
Digital Era ◽  
The Individual ◽  
The Right

As information technology is becoming an integral part of modern society, there is a growing concern that too much data containing personal information is stored by different actors in society and that this could potentially be harmful for the individual. The aim of this contribution is to show how the extended use of ICT can affect the individual’s right to privacy and how the public perceives risks to privacy. Three points are raised in this chapter: first, if privacy is important from a philosophical perspective, how is this demonstrated by empirical evidence? Do individuals trust the different actors that control their personal information, and is there a consensus that privacy can and should be compromised in order to reach another value? Second, if compromises in privacy are warranted by increased safety, is this increased security supported by empirical evidence? Third, the authors will argue that privacy can indeed be a means to increase the safety of citizens and that the moral burden of ensuring and protecting privacy is a matter for policy makers, not individuals. In conclusion, the authors suggest that more nuanced discussion on the concepts of privacy and safety should be acknowledged and the importance of privacy must be seen as an important objective in the development and structure of ICT uses.

Unpaid informal carers: The ‘shadow’ workforce in health care

2020 ◽  
pp. 33-58
Author(s):  
A. Paul Williams ◽  
Janet M. Lum
Keyword(s):  
Human Resources ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Social Needs ◽  
Health Human Resource ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
Social Closure ◽  
Personal Support ◽  
The Family ◽  
Personal Support Workers ◽  
Informal Carers

Much of the international literature on health human resources focuses on highly trained, regulated and visible professionals with exclusionary social closure in neo-Weberian terms, such as doctors and nurses. However, researchers and policy makers are now paying more attention to the increasingly important role played by less well-trained, often unregulated, and less visible occupations such as personal support workers. Beyond these categories of paid workers exists another mostly uncharted health human resource: unpaid, little trained, largely unregulated and invisible informal carers. They include the family, friends and neighbours who provide the bulk of everyday care required to support the well being and independence of growing numbers of people facing multiple chronic health and social needs in community settings. Focusing on Canada, this chapter documents the characteristics and contributions of informal carers, and highlights the challenging realities of informal caregiving – both from the perspective of carers and policy makers considering how best to support and encourage unpaid, informal carers without driving up formal health system costs.

Essay I Primary Care and Public Health

2015 ◽  
pp. 26-27
Author(s):  
Julie K. Wood
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Primary Care ◽  
Health Professionals ◽  
The United States ◽  
Federal Agencies ◽  
Community Members ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
Public Health Professionals ◽  
Primary Care Clinicians ◽  
The Right

Drawing on the experiences of hundreds of public health and primary care clinicians from across the United States, this book explains why population health is receiving so much attention from policy makers in states and federal agencies, the practical steps that clinicians and public health professionals can take to work together to meet the needs of their community, signs that you are on the right track (or not) and how to sustain successes to the benefit of patients, community members, and the health care and public health teams that care for them.

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