Years of Life Lost Due to Main Causes of Deaths in Yazd Province, Iran

2021 ◽  
pp. 003022282110181
Author(s):  
Abbas Askari-Nodoushan ◽  
Maryam Sabbaghchi ◽  
Masoud Mohammadi ◽  
Maryam Askari
Keyword(s):  
World Health ◽  
Weighting Coefficient ◽  
Years Of Life Lost ◽  
Microsoft Excel ◽  
Japanese Men ◽  
Statistical Population ◽  
Life Years ◽  
Health Organization ◽  
Standard Life ◽  
Causes Of Deaths

Aim One approach to measure the demographic impacts of death is to examine the number of lost years of life. The present paper aims to estimate the “Years of Lost Life” (YLL) due to the main causes of death in Yazd province of Iran. Method The present study is an epidemiological examination for which the statistical population included all the death incidents in Yazd province (excluding stillbirth cases) over two time periods of 2011 and 2016 with a 5-year distance. The required data were obtained based on the Comprehensive System of Mortality Registration maintained by the Ministry of Health and Medical Education; while the standard life expectancy data were based on the World Health Organization standards using standard life table, level 26 of the West model (Coale and Demeny) for Japanese men and women. The standard YLL was calculated according to the WHO standard using a 0.03 relaxation rate for the future time and weighting coefficient for various ages and life years through the formula using the Microsoft Excel software. Results The findings of the present study suggest that two main causes of YLL in Yazd province during the year of 2011 were cardiovascular difficulties with the rates of 31.6 per 1000 persons for women and 27.1 per 1000 persons for men, and cancers with the rates of 14.9 per 1000 persons for women and 16.2 per 1000 persons for men. While the above numbers in 2016 were, respectively 22.5 per 1000 persons for women and 25.5 per 1000 persons for men due to cardiovascular difficulties; and 18 per 1000 persons for women and 15.5/1000 for men due to various types of cancers. Conclusions Our findings suggest that cardiovascular diseases and cancers are the main factors leading to Years of Lost Lifetime for the residents of Yazd province in Iran.

The world-wide burden of musculoskeletal diseases: a systematic analysis of the World Health Organization Burden of Diseases Database

2019 ◽  
Vol 78 (6) ◽  
pp. 844-848 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eden Sebbag ◽  
Renaud Felten ◽  
Flora Sagez ◽  
Jean Sibilia ◽  
Hervé Devilliers ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Musculoskeletal Diseases ◽  
World Health ◽  
Years Of Life Lost ◽  
Future Health ◽  
Systematic Analysis ◽  
Median Proportion ◽  
Life Years ◽  
The World ◽  
Icd 10 ◽  
Health Organization

BackgroundMusculoskeletal (MSK) diseases are expected to have a growing impact worldwide.ObjectiveTo analyse the worldwide burden of MSK diseases from 2000 to 2015.MethodsDisability-adjusted life years (DALYs), which combines the years of life lost (YLLs) and the years lived with disability (YLDs), were extracted for 183 countries from the WHO Global Health Estimates Database. We analysed the median proportion of DALYS, YLLs and YLDs for MSK diseases (ICD-10: M00–M99) among the 23 WHO categories of diseases. Mixed models were built to assess temporal changes.ResultsWorldwide, the total number of MSK DALYs increased significantly from 80,225,634.6 in 2000 to 107,885,832.6 in 2015 (p < 0.001), with the total number of MSK YLDs increasing from 77,377,709.4 to 103,817,908.4 (p = 0.0008) and MSK diseases being the second cause of YLDs worldwide. YLLs due to MSK diseases increased from 2,847,925.2 to 4,067,924.2 (p = 0.03). In 2015, the median proportion of DALYs attributed to MSK diseases was 6.66% (IQR: 5.30 – 7.88) in Europe versus 4.66% (3.98 – 5.59) in the Americas (p < 0.0001 vs Europe), 4.17% (3.14 – 6.25) in Asia (p < 0.0001), 4.14% (2.65 – 5.57) in Oceania (p = 0.0008) and 1.33% (1.03 – 1.92) in Africa (p < 0.0001). We observed a significant correlation (r = 0.85, p < 0.0001) between the proportion of MSK DALYs and the gross domestic product per capita for the year 2015.ConclusionsThe burden of MSK diseases increased significantly between 2000 and 2015 and is high in Europe. These results are crucial to health professionals and policy makers to implement future health plan adjustments for MSK diseases.

scholarly journals Restricting Marketing of Unhealthy Foods: Should General Internists Engage?

2016 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Norm Campbell MD ◽  
Tara Duhaney MHSc
Keyword(s):  
Food Industry ◽  
Eating Habits ◽  
World Health ◽  
Years Of Life Lost ◽  
Unhealthy Food ◽  
General Internists ◽  
Life Years ◽  
Unhealthy Diet ◽  
Health Organization ◽  
Marketing To Children

Unhealthy diet is the leading risk for death, years of life lost, and disability, causing an estimated 65,722 deaths and 864,032 life years lost in Canada in 2010.1 Although the causes of unhealthy diet are complex, unhealthy eating habits start early in life, and unhealthy food and beverage marketing to children is consistently associated with unhealthy dietary behaviours and childhood obesity. Although there have been recommendations from the World Health Organization (WHO) and the United Nations urging countries to restrict such marketing to children as a population strategy to improve diet, the food industry continues to direct millions of marketing dollars to increase the sales and consumption of the very foods that contribute to disease burden. While many countries have heeded the WHO recommendations, in Canada, outside of Quebec, the food industry largely self-regulates its marketing of unhealthy food to children, with no government monitoring or oversight. The result is that Canadian children are extensively exposed to marketing of unhealthy food products that would not be allowed in several other countries. Should Canadian internists accept that

scholarly journals The Burden of Cardiovascular Diseases in the Kurdistan Province, Iran, from 2011 through 2017

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shahram Moradi ◽  
Ghobad Moradi ◽  
Bakhtiar Piroozi
Keyword(s):  
Cardiovascular Diseases ◽  
Lifestyle Modification ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
World Health ◽  
Years Of Life Lost ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Incidence Data ◽  
Life Years ◽  
Health Organization

Background: Calculating the burden of diseases is essential for their monitoring. The burden of cardiovascular diseases in Kurdistan Province has not been reported. This study aimed at calculating the burden of cardiovascular diseases in the Kurdistan Province from 2011 through 2017. Methods: In this cross-sectional study, incidence data were extracted from registration systems. The methods of the World Health Organization (WHO) were employed to calculate disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) of cardiovascular diseases in the Kurdistan Province. DALYs were calculated by summing the years of life lost (YLLs) and the years of life lived with disability (YLDs) for sex, age group, and year. Results: The burden of cardiovascular diseases increased from 18569.1 DALYs in 2011 to 34929.8 DALYs in 2017. The highest increase and the largest decrease in DALY according to the all age-standardized DALYs index were related to acute myocardial infarction and heart failure in women, respectively. The highest DALYs in both sexes were in the age group of over 80 years. Conclusion: The burden of cardiovascular diseases is increasing in the Iranian province of Kurdistan. It is, therefore, essential to implement appropriate and adequate interventions such as lifestyle modification, extensive screening, public education promotion, and operational plan development. We hope our results will aid decision-makers in performing urgent interventions.

scholarly journals Estimation of Burden of Cystic Echinococcosis in Iran Using Disability Adjusted Life Years (DALYs) in 2018

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fateme Parandin ◽  
Fatemeh Heydarpour ◽  
Mehdi Mohebali ◽  
Ahmad Ali Hanafi-Bojd ◽  
Ali Akbari Sari ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Premature Death ◽  
Years Of Life Lost ◽  
Disability Adjusted Life Years ◽  
Public Concern ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
Control Programs ◽  
Disability Adjusted Life ◽  
Life Years ◽  
Standard Life ◽  
And Control

Background: Human hydatidosis as a public concern has increased in a number of countries that have reduced control programs for the disease due to lack of resources or policies. We aimed to estimate Disability-Adjusted Life Years (DALYs) for human hydatidosis in Iran in 2018. Methods: Data were collected from the Center of Communicable Diseases Control, Ministry of Health &Medical Education, Tehran, Iran in 2018. To calculate DALYs, years of life lost due to premature death (YLL) with years of life with disability (YLD) were calculated according to the formula as DALY = YLL + YLD. The standard life expectancy lost method (SEYLL) was used to calculate the years lost due to premature death. Results: DALYs for human hydatidosis was calculated as 1210.12 years (YLD equals to 177.12 and YLL equals to 1033) in Iran for the year 2018. It was estimated to be 700.2 years for men and 509.8 years for women.  DALYs in men were significantly different from women (P= 0.001) so DALYs were more in men than women were. YLD was calculated at 78.228 years in men and 98.892 years in women and in both men and women at 177.12 years. YLD was significantly different in women compared to men (P=0.001), so YLD in women was more than in men. Conclusion: We reached considerable indices for hydatidosis in our study. Therefore, disease prevention and control programs in Iran seem necessary by the policy makers.

scholarly journals Nutritional status among children aged one to six years in tribal area

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (7) ◽  
pp. 2715
Author(s):  
Palle Lokhnath Reddy ◽  
Aluka Anand Chand
Keyword(s):  
Nutritional Status ◽  
Normal Growth ◽  
Good Health ◽  
World Health ◽  
Microsoft Excel ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Tribal Area ◽  
South Indian ◽  
Health Organization ◽  
Severe Degree

Background: Nutrition in children is considered as a major concern for good health and also for normal growth and development. The present study aimed to estimate the prevalence of malnutrition in 1 to 6 years children.Methods: This was a community based cross sectional carried out in a south Indian tribal area for a period of 5 years among 1020 children. The anthropometric measurements categorization among children was done using world health organization (WHO) guidelines. Data was analyzed using microsoft excel 2010.Results: Out of 1020 children, nutritional status based on underweight, stunting and wasting was 30.80%, 26.8% and 15.68% respectively. Severe degree of underweight, stunting and wasting was observed in 76.4%, 64.7% and 5.49% respectively.Conclusions: Under nutrition was significantly high in infants and it decreased with increasing in age and significantly higher number of female children were stunted and underweight compared to male children.

Antidepressants

2012 ◽  
pp. 1185-1198
Author(s):  
Zubin Bhagwagar ◽  
George R. Heninger
Keyword(s):  
Burden Of Disease ◽  
Antidepressant Drugs ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Premature Mortality ◽  
Primary Treatment ◽  
World Health ◽  
Years Of Life Lost ◽  
Major Public Health Problem ◽  
Treatment Of Depression ◽  
Health Organization

Major depressive disorder is a serious, recurrent illness which levies a crippling toll on individuals, families, and society in general. The importance of depression as a major public health problem is emphasized by findings from the World Health Organization Global Burden of Disease survey in showing that in 1990 it was the fourth largest cause of burden of disease (i.e. years of life lost due either to premature mortality or to years lived with a disability). It has been estimated that by the year 2020 it is expected to be the second largest cause of burden of disease. Depression is underdiagnosed and frequently under-treated, and depressed individuals have a much higher risk for suicide. The primary treatment for depression involves the use of antidepressant drugs, and it is therefore important that clinicians become familiar with and adept in utilizing this important group of compounds. Although primarily used for the treatment of depression, drugs within this category also have a number of other important uses. A thorough understanding of the pharmacology of antidepressants will aid the clinician in the selective use of these drugs for patients with depression as well as patients with a number of other disorders.

scholarly journals Global Burden of Alcohol Use Disorders and Alcohol Liver Disease

Biomedicines ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 99 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jürgen Rehm ◽  
Kevin D. Shield
Keyword(s):  
Liver Disease ◽  
Alcohol Use ◽  
Burden Of Disease ◽  
Alcohol Use Disorders ◽  
World Health ◽  
Years Of Life Lost ◽  
Disease Category ◽  
Mortality And Morbidity ◽  
Economic Wealth ◽  
Life Years

Alcohol use is a major risk factor for burden of mortality and morbidity. Alcoholic liver disease (ALD) and alcohol use disorders (AUDs) are important disease outcomes caused by alcohol use. We will describe the global mortality and burden of disease in disability-adjusted life years for ALD and AUDs, based on data from the comparative risk assessment of the World Health Organization for 2016. AUDs have a limited impact on mortality in this assessment, since alcohol poisonings are almost the only disease category directly attributable to AUDs; most other alcohol-related deaths are indirect, and the cause which directly led to the death, such as liver cirrhosis, is the one recorded on the death certificate. Burden of disease for AUDs is thus mainly due to disability resulting from alcohol use. In contrast to AUDs, ALD is one of the major lethal outcomes of alcohol use, and burden of disease is mainly due to (premature) years of life lost. Many of the negative outcomes attributable to both AUDs and ALD are due to their interactions with other factors, most notably economic wealth. To avoid alcohol-attributable morbidity and mortality, measures should be taken to reduce the AUDs and ALD burden globally, especially among the poor.

scholarly journals Cutaneous Leishmaniasis: The Complexity of Host’s Effective Immune Response against a Polymorphic Parasitic Disease

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-16 ◽  
Author(s):  
Áurea Gabriel ◽  
Ana Valério-Bolas ◽  
Joana Palma-Marques ◽  
Patrícia Mourata-Gonçalves ◽  
Pedro Ruas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Immune Response ◽  
Cutaneous Leishmaniasis ◽  
Neglected Tropical Diseases ◽  
Well Being ◽  
World Health ◽  
Disability Adjusted Life ◽  
Life Years ◽  
The Face ◽  
Health Organization

This review is aimed at providing a comprehensive outline of the immune response displayed against cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL), the more common zoonotic infection caused by protozoan parasites of the genus Leishmania. Although of polymorphic clinical presentation, classically CL is characterized by leishmaniotic lesions on the face and extremities of the patients, which can be ulcerative, and even after healing can lead to permanent injuries and disfigurement, affecting significantly their psychological, social, and economic well-being. According a report released by the World Health Organization, the disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) lost due to leishmaniasis are close to 2.4 million, annually there are 1.0–1.5 million new cases of CL, and a numerous population is at risk in the endemic areas. Despite its increasing worldwide incidence, it is one of the so-called neglected tropical diseases. Furthermore, this review provides an overview of the existing knowledge of the host innate and acquired immune response to cutaneous species of Leishmania. The use of animal models and of in vitro studies has improved the understanding of parasite-host interplay and the complexity of immune mechanisms involved. The importance of diagnosis accuracy associated with effective patient management in CL reduction is highlighted. However, the multiple factors involved in CL epizoology associated with the unavailability of vaccines or drugs to prevent infection make difficult to formulate an effective strategy for CL control.

scholarly journals Development and Implementation of Wireless Multigas Concentration Cloud System

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sheng-Chung Tien ◽  
Robert Lin ◽  
Tsung-Yu Lee ◽  
Ren-Guey Lee ◽  
Shu-Ying Huang
Keyword(s):  
World Health ◽  
Indoor Pollutants ◽  
Cloud Data ◽  
Disability Adjusted Life ◽  
Life Years ◽  
Cloud Server ◽  
Volatile Organic ◽  
Health Organization ◽  
Total Volatile Organic Compounds ◽  
Installation Cost

According to the report “Global Health Risks of 2004” issued by WHO (World Health Organization) in Geneva 2009 (WHO, 2012), the mortality rate of the diseases and cause of death which results from the smoke produced by burning solid fuel is ranked tenth, occupying 3.3% of the global amounts, and the DALYs (Disability Adjusted Life Years) is ranked the ninth, occupying 2.7% of the world. Once the pollution occurred in an insufficient ventilation location, the womankind and children will be the most directly affected; therefore, we hoped to focus the measurement environment on indoor surroundings in this paper. This paper proposes a pointing at several kinds of indoor pollutants and integrating multigas sensors, which includes carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide total volatile organic compounds, and so forth. Our paper combines gas sensors with WSN (Wireless Sensor Networks) nodes; we provide users with optional monitoring subjects for constructing and also adapt ZigBee and Wi-Fi modules to get united with uploading real-time sensor messages. Moreover, for the reason of decreasing installation cost of sensors and setting up easily, this paper builds a cloud data-viewing platform additionally, enabling users to observe air quality through the cloud server everywhere.

scholarly journals Metabolic Syndrome in Rural Community

2016 ◽  
Vol 22 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mehmood Alam Pasha
Keyword(s):  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Rural Communities ◽  
World Health ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Quality Adjusted Life Years ◽  
Life Years ◽  
Proper Definition ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Health Organization ◽  
Quality Adjusted Life

According to our observation, prevalence of metabolic syndrome is rising in urban populations as well as rural communities. However, this rising problem is largely being ignored and according to preliminary results quality adjusted life years can be increased by preventing Metabolic Syndrome. The first attempt to give a proper definition of Metabolic Syndrome was done by World Health Organization (WHO) in 1998.1 According to WHO criteria metabolic syndrome consists of diabetes mellitus along with any two of the following: BP greater than 140/90 mm Hg, hypertriglyceridemia, decreased HDL, central obesity and microalbumenemia.2 Metabolic syndrome is a major use of morbidity in diabetic patients and medical establishments.

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