scholarly journals Trypanotolerant livestock: potential and future exploitation

1984 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 43-51 ◽  
Author(s):  
Max Murray ◽  
J. C. M. Trail ◽  
J. G. Grootenhuis
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Infectious Diseases ◽  
Disease Control ◽  
Genetic Resistance ◽  
Control Measures ◽  
Trained Manpower ◽  
Livestock Development

The exploitation of genetic resistance to infectious diseases is being given increasing attention in livestock development programmes. This is particularly the case in developing countries where it is estimated that 70 per cent of the world's livestock resources exist but where conventional disease control measures are often not effective, do not exist, or cannot be implemented because of lack of finance or trained manpower.

scholarly journals Special Issue on Infectious Disease Control in SATREPS Projects

2018 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 733-734
Author(s):  
Sumio Shinoda
Keyword(s):  
Infectious Disease ◽  
Developing Countries ◽  
Infectious Diseases ◽  
Disease Control ◽  
Science And Technology ◽  
The Philippines ◽  
Special Issue ◽  
Infectious Disease Control ◽  
Joint Research ◽  
International Joint

The Science and Technology Research Partnership for Sustainable Development (SATREPS) is a Japanese government program that promotes international joint research. The program is structured as a collaboration between the Japan Science and Technology Agency (JST) and the Japan International Cooperation Agency (JICA). The program includes various fields, such as Environment and Energy, Bioresources, Disaster Prevention and Mitigation, and Infectious Disease Control, and a total 52 projects were currently in progress as of May, 2018. It is expected that the promotion of international joint research under this program will enable Japanese research institutions to conduct research more effectively in fields and having targets that make it advantageous to do that research in developing countries, including countries in Latin America and the Caribbean, Asia, and Africa. Recently, SATREPS projects in the field of Infectious Disease have been but under the control of the Japan Agency for Medical Research and Development (AMED). Although adult maladies, such as malignant tumors, heart disease, and cerebral apoplexy, are major causes of death in the developed countries including Japan, infectious diseases are still responsible for the high mortality rates in developing countries. Therefore, Infectious Disease Control is the important field of SATREPS. Infectious Disease Control projects are progressing in several countries, including Kenya, Zambia, Bangladesh, the Philippines, and Brazil, and various infectious diseases and pathogens have been targeted. In this special issue on Infectious Disease Control, the following reports from three projects have been selected: “The JICA-AMED SATREPS Project to Control Outbreaks of Yellow Fever and Rift Valley Fever in Kenya” by Nagasaki University, “Comprehensive Etiological and Epidemiological Study on Acute Respiratory Infections in Children in the Philippines” by Tohoku University, and “International Joint Research on Antifungal Resistant Fungi in Brazil” by Chiba University. These projects include viral, bacterial, and fungal infections. If they become available, further supplementary reports from other projects in this field will be published in a future issue.

Principles of infectious disease control

2021 ◽  
pp. 597-622
Author(s):  
Robert J. Kim-Farley
Keyword(s):  
Infectious Disease ◽  
Infectious Diseases ◽  
Disease Control ◽  
Health Workers ◽  
Respiratory Infections ◽  
Control Measures ◽  
Infectious Disease Control ◽  
Public Health Officials ◽  
Prevention And Control Measures ◽  
And Control

Infectious diseases remain a leading cause of morbidity, disability, and mortality worldwide. Lower respiratory infections are the third leading causes of death worldwide and their control is a constant challenge that faces health workers and public health officials in both industrialized and developing countries. This chapter provides a global and comprehensive view of the principles of infectious disease control through examination of the magnitude of disease burden, the chain of infection (agent, transmission, and host) of infectious diseases, the varied approaches to their prevention and control (measures applied to the host, vectors, infected humans, animals, environment, and agents), and the factors conducive to their eradication as well as emergence and re-emergence.

scholarly journals The Influence of Infectious Diseases on Dentistry

2010 ◽  
Vol 1 (3) ◽  
pp. 225-231
Author(s):  
Anil Reddy ◽  
Shankar Gouda Patil ◽  
Raghunath Puttaiah
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Health Care ◽  
Infectious Diseases ◽  
Infection Control ◽  
Disease Control ◽  
Emerging Diseases ◽  
Control Measures ◽  
Health Concern ◽  
Infection Control Measures ◽  
The Impact

ABSTRACT Dentistry, predominantly a surgical field with frequent exposure to blood and body fluids, is a high-risk occupation with respect to occupationally acquiring infectious diseases. On the same note, patients are also at risk of being infected, if adequate infection control measures are not strictly followed. Traditionally, based on the routes of disease transmission, we can categorize diseases that are bloodborne, airborne and also through fomites. Within these traditional categories also fall the new and emerging diseases that have had serious public health consequences of morbidity and mortality. As a health care provider, dentists must understand the impact of these diseases, and strictly implement practical disease control measures during provision of dental care and reduce the spread within the clinical arena. Common diseases of public health concern that need to be addressed are bloodborne diseases, such as hepatitis A, E, B, C, D and G, HIV; respiratory diseases such as tuberculosis, influenza, severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS), AH1N1 influenza and immunizable childhood diseases. Apart from infection control measures, we must implement public health policy measures, such as immunization of current and prospective health care personnel (students in the dental profession) against immunizable diseases, utilize disease screening measures, postexposure disease control measures and utilize standard and additional precautions, the latter as required in certain instances.

scholarly journals Combating Tropical Infectious Diseases: Report of the Disease Control Priorities in Developing Countries Project

2004 ◽  
Vol 38 (6) ◽  
pp. 871-878 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter J. Hotez ◽  
Jan H.F. Remme ◽  
Paulo Buss ◽  
George Alleyne ◽  
Carlos Morel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Infectious Diseases ◽  
Disease Control ◽  
Tropical Infectious Diseases

scholarly journals An Overview of Current Approaches and Challenges to the Control of Endemic Infectious Cattle Diseases in Albania

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xhelil Koleci ◽  
Ali Lilo ◽  
Sotiraq Papa ◽  
Keti Margariti ◽  
Annika van Roon ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Infectious Diseases ◽  
Disease Control ◽  
Small Ruminants ◽  
Control Measures ◽  
Cattle Industry ◽  
Livestock Sector ◽  
Animal Disease Control ◽  
Cattle Diseases ◽  
Control Programmes ◽  
National Control

Agriculture is an important production sector in Albania that makes a significant contribution to the gross domestic product (GDP) and employment. The livestock sector contributes more than half of the agricultural GDP. The Albanian cattle population represents 50% of the total livestock units and accounts for 85% of the national milk production, the rest being supplied by small ruminants. Cattle productivity, health and welfare are hindered by infectious diseases, some of which are also transmissible to humans (zoonosis). The aim of this manuscript is to provide an overview of the control of selected regulated and non-EU regulated cattle diseases in Albania and to highlight specific challenges for the Albanian cattle industry. The most important infectious cattle diseases in Albania for which national control and eradication strategies are in place are bovine brucellosis, bovine tuberculosis, and anthrax, which are all zoonotic. Additionally, lumpy skin disease recently emerged in the Balkan region and is currently subject to controls. Most of the available funds and European Union support are allocated to the control of EU regulated zoonotic diseases. For control of non-EU regulated cattle diseases, no funds are available resulting in the lack of national control programmes (CPs). Based on research, clinical investigations and laboratory results, several non-EU regulated cattle infectious diseases appear endemic in Albanian dairy farms. While no national CPs exist for any of them, regional initiatives are available on a voluntary basis to control infectious bovine rhinotracheitis and bovine viral diarrhea. In the voluntary CPs, there is no monitored requirement to prove disease freedom of purchased animals and to re-evaluate the herd's free status after the introduction of animals into a herd. Data on animal movements that are routinely collected could potentially be used to control the risk of purchase, but quality needs to be further improved to increase its usefulness in disease CPs. This overview aims to collate existing information on the CPs implemented in Albania and to evaluate these to highlight gaps and threats in disease control, as well as opportunities and strengths through a SWOT (Strengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities, and Threats) analysis, with the goal of providing a framework for the future implementation of animal disease control measures in Albania.

Infectious Diseases of Domestic Animals

2012 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 251-251
Author(s):  
Hiroomi Akashi
Keyword(s):  
Infectious Diseases ◽  
Human Resources ◽  
Disease Control ◽  
Foot And Mouth Disease ◽  
Domestic Animals ◽  
Domestic Animal ◽  
Mouth Disease ◽  
Control Measures ◽  
Special Issue ◽  
History Of

The outbreak of Foot-and-mouth disease (FMD) in Miyazaki Prefecture in 2010 has turned out to be the most striking disaster in the history of animal hygiene in Japan, from the points such as the number of the animals culled and buried or the human resources required until the time of termination. Inquiry committees for FMD countermeasures established by Miyazaki Prefecture and by the Ministry of Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries have pointed out the various issues in disease control measures taken during the period starting from the outbreak till the termination. As a result, amendments were made to the Act on Domestic Animal Infectious Diseases Control in April of 2011, and in October, to the Standards of Rearing Hygiene Management. The outbreak of Foot-and-mouth disease (FMD) in Miyazaki Prefecture in 2010 has turned out to be the most striking disaster in the history of animal hygiene in Japan, from the points such as the number of the animals culled and buried or the human resources required until the time of termination. Inquiry committees for FMD countermeasures established by Miyazaki Prefecture and by the Ministry of Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries have pointed out the various issues in disease control measures taken during the period starting from the outbreak till the termination. As a result, amendments were made to the Act on Domestic Animal Infectious Diseases Control in April of 2011, and in October, to the Standards of Rearing Hygiene Management. Diseases that cause damage to domestic animals including FMD are presented in this special issue. I hope that this special issue will contribute to the betterment of animal hygiene and furthermore to the enhancement of dietary life. Finally, I would like to express my sincere gratitude to the authors and reviewers for their great contributions to this issue.

scholarly journals A prognostic dynamic model applicable to infectious diseases providing easily visualized guides: a case study of COVID-19 in the UK

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuxuan Zhang ◽  
Chen Gong ◽  
Dawei Li ◽  
Zhi-Wei Wang ◽  
Shengda D. Pu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Infectious Diseases ◽  
Disease Control ◽  
Control Strategies ◽  
Herd Immunity ◽  
Iterative Algorithms ◽  
Vaccination Strategy ◽  
Control Measures ◽  
Transmission Model ◽  
Government Interventions ◽  
The Uk

AbstractA reasonable prediction of infectious diseases’ transmission process under different disease control strategies is an important reference point for policy makers. Here we established a dynamic transmission model via Python and realized comprehensive regulation of disease control measures. We classified government interventions into three categories and introduced three parameters as descriptions for the key points in disease control, these being intraregional growth rate, interregional communication rate, and detection rate of infectors. Our simulation predicts the infection by COVID-19 in the UK would be out of control in 73 days without any interventions; at the same time, herd immunity acquisition will begin from the epicentre. After we introduced government interventions, a single intervention is effective in disease control but at huge expense, while combined interventions would be more efficient, among which, enhancing detection number is crucial in the control strategy for COVID-19. In addition, we calculated requirements for the most effective vaccination strategy based on infection numbers in a real situation. Our model was programmed with iterative algorithms, and visualized via cellular automata; it can be applied to similar epidemics in other regions if the basic parameters are inputted, and is able to synthetically mimic the effect of multiple factors in infectious disease control.

scholarly journals Adaptive cluster sampling with model based approach for estimating total number of hidden COVID-19 carriers in Nigeria

2020 ◽  
Vol 36 ◽  
pp. 103-109
Author(s):  
Olaniyi Mathew Olayiwola ◽  
Abayomi Olumuyiwa Ajayi ◽  
Oluwafemi Clement Onifade ◽  
Oluwaseun Wale-Orojo ◽  
Bright Ajibade
Keyword(s):  
Infectious Diseases ◽  
Disease Control ◽  
Human Population ◽  
Bayesian Framework ◽  
Control Measures ◽  
Contact Tracing ◽  
Effective Control ◽  
Cluster Sampling ◽  
Adaptive Cluster Sampling ◽  
Model Based

Infectious diseases can inflict immense losses and suffering on the human population. As at 23rd of June, 2020 COVID-19 pandemic has caused 20,919 cases, 25 deaths and 7,109 had recovered in Nigeria. Nigeria Centre for Disease Control (NCDC) is tracing COVID 19 carriers for designing effective control measures and to prevent the spread. Authors have modeled COVID-19 cases, but there is a dearth of information on estimating the total number of hidden COVID-19 carriers in the population. Adaptive cluster sample was used for exploring populations of hidden COVID-19 carriers. The data on daily cases of COVID-19 were extracted from NCDC website. Nigeria population was partitioned into 37 regions (states and FCT). We considered a model based approached in Bayesian framework to make inference about the number of COVID-19 carriers in Nigeria. The fitted model showed that all COVID-19 carriers will only be captured at once if contact tracing is combined with methodology designed in this work.

scholarly journals COVID-19 in South Korea: Proper timing for Easing Mask mandates after COVID-19 Vaccination

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Yun-Jung Kang
Keyword(s):  
South Korea ◽  
Disease Control ◽  
Prevention And Control ◽  
Control Measures ◽  
Social Distancing ◽  
Proper Timing ◽  
Control And Prevention ◽  
Prevention And Control Measures ◽  
And Control

Abstract As of 25 July 2021, the Korea Disease Control and Prevention Agency reported 1,422 new COVID-19 cases, 188,848 total cases, and 2.073 total deaths (1.10% fatality rates). Since the first SARS-CoV-2 case was reported, efforts to find a treatment and vaccine against COVID-19 have been widespread. Four vaccines are on the WHO’s emergency use listing and are approved of their usage; BNT162b2, mRNA-1273, AZD1222, and Ad26.COV2.S. Vaccines against SARS-CoV-2 need at least 14 days to achieve effectiveness. Thus, people should abide by prevention and control measures, including wearing masks, washing hands, and social distancing. However, a lot of new cases were reported after vaccinations, as many people did not follow the prevention control measures before the end of the 14 days period. There is no doubt we need to break free from mask mandates. But let us not decide the timing in haste. Even if the mask mandates are eased, they should be changed depending on the number of reported cases, vaccinations, as well as prevention and control measures on how circumstances are changing under the influence of mutant coronavirus.

New glycine derived peptides bearing benzenesulphonamide as an antiplasmodial agent

2021 ◽  
Vol 45 (7) ◽  
pp. 3660-3674
Author(s):  
Daniel Izuchukwu Ugwuja ◽  
Uchechukwu Okoro ◽  
Shubhanji Soman ◽  
Akachukwu Ibezim ◽  
David Ugwu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Infectious Diseases ◽  
Antimalarial Drug ◽  
The Tropics

In the tropics, malaria is among the most serious infectious diseases in developing countries. The discovery of the artemesinin antimalarial drug not too long ago was a major breakthrough in the effort to combat the malaria disease.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document