Making the Complex Work of Teaching Visible

2020 ◽  
Vol 101 (6) ◽  
pp. 8-13
Author(s):  
Pam Grossman
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Knowledge Base ◽  
Teaching Practice ◽  
Teaching Profession ◽  
Common Language ◽  
Specialized Knowledge ◽  
Accomplished Teachers

Previous efforts to strengthen the teaching profession have aimed to copy the ways in which law, medicine, and architecture achieved that status — for example, by carving out decision-making autonomy, controlling who enters the field, and building a specialized knowledge base. What has been missing, however, have been efforts to clarify precisely what it is that accomplished teachers do in the classroom and to develop a common language with which to describe and discuss teaching practice.

scholarly journals Conhecimentos Especializados mobilizados em uma aula prática de Biologia sobre sistema respiratório

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 81-100
Author(s):  
Marcela Marques ◽  
◽  
Susel Soares ◽  
Jeferson Moriel Junior ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Theoretical Model ◽  
Knowledge Base ◽  
Respiratory System ◽  
Teaching Practice ◽  
Theoretical Models ◽  
Specialized Knowledge ◽  
Biology Teachers ◽  
Teaching Knowledge ◽  
School Subjects ◽  
Data Source

In the 1980s there was an intensification of research on the teaching knowledge base, with a configuration of typologies widely used today. Some of them have been the basis for the creation of specific and specialized theoretical models for different school subjects, pioneering in Mathematics. The objective of this research is to use the recent theoretical model of Biological Teachers 'Specialized Knowledge, the Biology Teachers' Specialized Knowledge - BTSK, as a tool for the analysis of practical biology classes on the respiratory system. We carried out a qualitative, interpretative investigation, whose data source was a report of teaching practice on the said Biology theme through the Repertoire of Professional and Pedagogical Experience - PaP-eR and we used the instrument of analysis of specialized knowledge (iMTSK) adapted to Biology. As a result, in addition to the characterizations of the mobilized knowledge, they were identified among the subdomains, identifying the specialized character and determining the legitimacy of BTSK as a tool for understanding and improving teacher training.

EXPERT MANAGEMENT SYSTEMS OF AGROTECHNOLOGIES IN CLOUD INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY

1970 ◽  
pp. 12-17
Author(s):  
I. М. Mikhaylenko ◽  
V. N. Timoshin
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Pattern Recognition ◽  
Information System ◽  
Knowledge Base ◽  
Information Technologies ◽  
Agricultural Sector ◽  
Perennial Grasses ◽  
Management Decision ◽  
Agricultural Technologies ◽  
Automation Systems

The transition to "intellectual" agriculture is the main vector of modernization of the agricultural sector of the economy. It is based on integrated automation and robotization of production, the use of automated decision-making systems. This is inevitably accompanied by a significant increase in data flow from sensors, monitoring systems, meteorological stations, drones, satellites and other external systems. Farm management has the opportunity to use various online applications for accurate recommendations and making various kinds of management decisions. In this regard, the most effective use of cloud information technologies, allowing implementing the most complex information and technical level of automation systems for management of agricultural technologies. The purpose of this work is to test the approach to creating expert management decision support systems (DSS) through the knowledge base (KB), formed in the cloud information system. For this, we consider an example of constructing a DSS for choosing the optimal date for preparing forage from perennial grasses. A complete theoretical and algorithmic database of the analytical DSS implemented in the data processing center of the cloud information system is given. On its basis, a KB is formed for a variety of different decision-making conditions. This knowledge base is transmitted to the local DSS. To make decisions about the optimal dates for the preparation of the local DSS, two variants of algorithms are used. The first option is based on management models, and the second uses the pattern recognition method. The approbation of the algorithms was carried out according to the BZ from 50 cases. According to the results of testing, the method of pattern recognition proved to be more accurate, which provides a more flexible adjustment of the situation on the local DSS to a similar situation in the KB. The considered technique can be extended to other crops.

Students graduate of the degree course in Natural Sciences and Mathematics and the exercise of teaching profession: findings and implications for basic education

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 51
Author(s):  
A. C. R. Trevisan ◽  
E. P. Trevisan
Keyword(s):  
High School ◽  
Decision Making ◽  
Basic Education ◽  
Natural Sciences ◽  
Teaching Profession ◽  
Decision Making Process ◽  
Teaching Career ◽  
Professional Performance ◽  
Current Scenario ◽  
And Mathematics

In the article we seek to address questions regarding the interest of graduates of a degree course in Natural Sciences and Mathematics in relation to the teaching career in basic education. The course enables its graduates to work in the subjects Science and Mathematics in the final years of elementary school and Mathematics, Physics and Chemistry in high school. Our intention is to identify and reflect on the perceptions of these graduates about teaching, highlighting with this inherent aspects to the exercise of this profession in basic education. From the application of questionnaires to graduates of this course, we produced data regarding their performance in basic education, which enabled us to reflect on the national scenario in relation to the exercise of this profession. We could observe that the majority of the students participating in the research are not working in basic education and that the current scenario of devaluation of the teaching career exerts a significant influence in the decision making process of choosing or not the teacher profession for professional performance after graduation.

Social Metadata and Public-Contributed Contents in Memory Institutions: “Crowd Voice” Versus “Authenticated Heritage”?

2016 ◽  
Vol 45 (3) ◽  
pp. 122-133 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chern Li Liew
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Cultural Heritage ◽  
Knowledge Base ◽  
Participatory Culture ◽  
Collective Memories ◽  
Digital Cultural Heritage ◽  
The Social ◽  
Social Technologies ◽  
Determining Factor ◽  
Shed Light

AbstractSocial technologies have led to increasing participatory activities and institutions are interested in the potential of using these for outreach and engagement. Through offering new spaces and tools that allow users to consume and also to contribute content, institutions are expanding their traditional services which could redefine their role and relevance in the digital cultural heritage landscape. This study investigates the decision-making and practices underpinning current handling of social metadata and public-contributed contents (PCC). The focus is on examining the motivations for soliciting contributions, if and how these are moderated and managed, if they are integrated into the institutional data and knowledge base, and the extent to which public stakeholders moderate. The study also involves an investigation of whether, and how, memory institutions consider diversity and inclusiveness in soliciting participation and contributions, and the values placed on PCC, as compared to institutional resources. The aim of this study is to shed light on these by surveying libraries, archives, museums, and other institutions.How institutions deal with the social metadata and PCC they gather, and what they do with the contributions, could be a key determining factor of the success of their participatory practice as part of their larger effort to capture and preserve collective memories. This survey shows that the profession still has a way to go towards these goals. There is little evidence that demonstrates integration of a participatory culture and activities into the strategic directions and documentary practices of institutions.

Questions in secondary classrooms: Toward a theory of questioning

2021 ◽  
pp. 147787852110430
Author(s):  
Kimberly Alexander ◽  
Charles H. Gonzalez ◽  
Paul J. Vermette ◽  
Sabrina Di Marco
Keyword(s):  
Effective Teaching ◽  
Teacher Educators ◽  
Teaching Practice ◽  
Teaching Profession ◽  
Secondary Classrooms ◽  
Good Question ◽  
Effective Manner ◽  
Three Components

At the heart of the teaching practice is the art of questioning. Costa and Kallick noted that questions are the means by which insights unlock thinking. Effective questioning is essential to effective teaching. Despite this, a cohesive theory on the method of questioning has yet to be developed. A discussion of questioning is vital to moving the teaching profession forward. In this article, we propose a model of effective questioning that we see as the first step toward identifying a unifying theory of questioning. Our model contains the following three components: (1) a well-structured item (a good question), (2) clear expectations for the response (which we call ‘the five considerations’), and (3) a constructivist conversation. This work succeeds in bridging the gap between practice and theory that may otherwise limit good teachers from utilizing their questions in the most effective manner. Because of this, our model should be of use to teachers, teacher educators, professional developers, educational researchers, and theoreticians. We hope that a continued discussion of questioning ensues in all of these circles, so that our field can move closer toward the development of a theory of questioning.

scholarly journals Use of Linked Data principles for semantic management of scanned documents

2016 ◽  
Vol 28 (2) ◽  
pp. 241-251 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luciane Lena Pessanha Monteiro ◽  
Mark Douglas de Azevedo Jacyntho
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Knowledge Base ◽  
Web Application ◽  
Linked Data ◽  
World Wide ◽  
Decision Making Process ◽  
Whole Process ◽  
The World ◽  
Scanned Documents ◽  
The Web

The study addresses the use of the Semantic Web and Linked Data principles proposed by the World Wide Web Consortium for the development of Web application for semantic management of scanned documents. The main goal is to record scanned documents describing them in a way the machine is able to understand and process them, filtering content and assisting us in searching for such documents when a decision-making process is in course. To this end, machine-understandable metadata, created through the use of reference Linked Data ontologies, are associated to documents, creating a knowledge base. To further enrich the process, (semi)automatic mashup of these metadata with data from the new Web of Linked Data is carried out, considerably increasing the scope of the knowledge base and enabling to extract new data related to the content of stored documents from the Web and combine them, without the user making any effort or perceiving the complexity of the whole process.

scholarly journals El perfil del docente competente de Humanidades y Ciencias Sociales en el bachillerato mexicano desde la perspectiva del alumno

2018 ◽  
Vol 36 (3 Noviembr) ◽  
pp. 353-376
Author(s):  
Erika López Rodríguez
Keyword(s):  
Social Sciences ◽  
High School ◽  
Teaching Practice ◽  
Teaching Profession ◽  
Teacher Assessment ◽  
Modus Operandi ◽  
Item Questionnaire ◽  
Teaching Competence ◽  
Leadership Evaluation ◽  
Education Model

En este trabajo se presenta el perfil que deben tener los docentes de bachillerato en el área de Humanidades y Ciencias Sociales conforme las inquietudes expresadas por los estudiantes de una escuela pública vespertina del Poniente de Mérida. Se elaboró un instrumento en escala Likert con 48 ítems que midió doce competencias obtenidas de los trabajos de connotados investigadores y de la literatura oficial mexicana que sirvió como referente. El cuestionario empleado para esta investigación fue piloteado y validado por jueces, en su confiabilidad reportó 0.94 de alfa de Crombach.Cada vez se torna necesario crear perfiles para puestos laborales, como es el caso de la docencia, a fin de crear parámetros observables de actuación profesional. En los perfiles se detallan las dimensiones de actuación y los descriptores que dictaminan el modus operandi del quehacer áulico. En el modelo por competencias estos perfiles señalan las actitudes, habilidades y conocimientos que son deseables en un docente. Estos perfiles dan la pauta para hacer una adecuada evaluación de la docencia. Los resultados se analizaron a través del software estadístico SPSS v.21, mediante frecuencias y porcentajes y comparación de medias. En la interpretación se discriminó en favor de los polos positivos que implicaban la elección racional del alumno de la competencia docente. Se encontró que todas las competencias fueron importantes, mas no todos los descriptores resultaron del agrado de los alumnos. Al final se presenta un listado con las competencias mejor evaluadas: preparación académica, comunicación asertiva, liderazgo, evaluación y ecología educativa. This paper explains the profile that teachers in high school should have in the field of humanities and social sciences according to the aims expressed by the students of a public night high school in the West of Merida. Students were asked to complete a 48-item questionnaire designed on a Likert scale with a view to measuring twelve competences obtained from the work of prestigious researches and the official Mexican documents used as a referent. This questionnaire was validated by judges, had a pilot test and a Cronbach's alpha of 0.94. It is increasingly more necessary to create job profiles, including those for the teaching profession, with a view to establishing parameters for professional development. Those profiles should detail the dimensions which the job addresses and the descriptors which adequate teaching practice should include. In the education model by competences these profiles present the attitudes, abilities and knowledge that a teacher should have. These profiles also provide guidelines to undertake accurate teacher assessment. The results were analysed with the statistical software package SPSS v.21 and frequencies, percentages and comparison of means were obtained. The interpretation especially addressed students’ positive opinions regarding what teaching competence should be. The study found that all the competences were important, but not all the descriptors satisfied the students’ expectations. This study also shows a list with the most popular competences for teaching: academic background, assertive communication, leadership, evaluation and educational environment.

Research on Management System of Automatic Driver Decision-Making Knowledge Base for Unmanned Vehicle

2019 ◽  
Vol 33 (04) ◽  
pp. 1959013 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhaoxia Zhang ◽  
Qing Jiang ◽  
Rujing Wang ◽  
Liangtu Song ◽  
Zhengyong Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Knowledge Base ◽  
Management System ◽  
Autonomous Driving ◽  
Unmanned Vehicles ◽  
Knowledge Model ◽  
Unmanned Vehicle ◽  
Base Management System ◽  
Decision Making System ◽  
Base Management

The acquisition, presentation and management of autonomous driving decision-making knowledge of unmanned vehicles are the key and difficult issues in the autonomous driving decision-making system of unmanned vehicles. This paper presents a knowledge model, which includes problem description layer and problem-solving knowledge layer. The automatic driving decision knowledge base of unmanned vehicle is composed of a set of knowledge models. Knowledge model supports knowledge representation and reasoning. Based on the WEB visualization knowledge modeling tool and visualization knowledge service tool, we construct the decision-making knowledge base management system for autonomous driving of unmanned vehicles and then construct the autonomous driving decision-making system of unmanned vehicles. The reasoning example shows that the knowledge base management system can effectively improve the knowledge acquisition, representation and maintenance efficiency of autonomous driving decision-making system, which is of great significance in enhancing the intelligence level of autonomous driving decision-making system.

scholarly journals The Decision-Making Process and the Construction of Online Sociality through the Digital Storytelling Methodology

Electronics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (20) ◽  
pp. 2465
Author(s):  
Pierpaolo Limone ◽  
Giusi Antonia Toto ◽  
Barbara Cafarelli
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Online Teaching ◽  
Digital Storytelling ◽  
Teaching Practice ◽  
Social Consequences ◽  
Teaching Methodology ◽  
Self Assessment ◽  
Emotional Involvement ◽  
Choice Phase ◽  
Group Thinking

Digital storytelling (DST) is a teaching methodology (and tool) that is very widespread in different types of training: formal and informal, professional, and for adults. Presently, education is evolving and moving towards digital storytelling, starting from the models of Lambert and Olher. Today, although DST is usually used in the training that students receive for narrative learning, experimentation on the psychological and social consequences of this online teaching practice is still scarce. The literature acknowledges the widespread use of DST online, from psychology to communication and from marketing to training, providing Lambert’s and Olher’s models as references. Thus, the purpose of experimentation in this subject has been to try to mix these two models by selecting the phases of the model that focus most on creativity and narrative writing. The purpose of this study is to illustrate the experimentation conducted in the initial training of teachers to monitor the processes of negotiating content, making decisions and building a group atmosphere through the use of a narrative technique in an educational context. The sample was offered comprehension activities on narrative categories, creativity and autobiographical writing. The process in the group choice phase (negotiation) of the story was monitored through a questionnaire that includes three scales (the Melbourne Decision Making Questionnaire, Organisational Attitude, and Negotiations Self-Assessment Inventory). The study concluded that the standardised planning of activities that, to a greater degree of depth, promote participation and emotional involvement allows the creation of strong group thinking and affects the decision-making and negotiation processes of the activities being carried out by the participants.

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