scholarly journals Inclusive masculinity and Czechia youth

2021 ◽  
pp. 026858092110465
Author(s):  
Viktor Chvatík ◽  
Jack Hardwicke ◽  
Eric Anderson
Keyword(s):  
Generational Differences ◽  
Young Men ◽  
Rural Youth ◽  
Attitudes Toward Homosexuality ◽  
Gender Typicality ◽  
Generational Difference ◽  
Gay Male ◽  
Positive Attitudes ◽  
Rural Part

In this, the first investigation of inclusive masculinities among 18- to 19-year-old Czech students, the authors interviewed 19 participants from a rural part of the country. The purpose of this research was to identify attitudes of young, rural, Czech men toward homosexuality and examine for perceived generational difference compared to men who emerged under communism. Results showed evidence of inclusive masculinities for these rural youth based in three principal categories: (1) positive attitudes toward homosexuality; (2) openness to a bromance with a gay male (dependent on gender typicality); and (3) perceived generational differences in gay acceptance compared to their parents’ generation. Overall, results therefore show that young men in this rural part of Czechia are enacting more inclusive forms of masculinity than possible under communist rule.

scholarly journals Diversity and Perceptions of Immigration: How the Past Influences the Present

2020 ◽  
pp. 003232172092277 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lauren McLaren ◽  
Anja Neundorf ◽  
Ian Paterson
Keyword(s):  
Generational Differences ◽  
European Social Survey ◽  
Additive Models ◽  
Early Years ◽  
Social Survey ◽  
The Past ◽  
Positive Attitudes ◽  
The Uk ◽  
British Sample ◽  
The Impact

The question of whether high immigration produces anti-immigration hostility has vexed researchers across multiple disciplines for decades. And yet, understanding this relationship is crucial for countries dependant on immigrant labour but concerned about its impact on social cohesion. Absent from most of this research are theories about the impact of early-years socialisation conditions on contemporary attitudes. Using the British sample of the European Social Survey (2002–2017) and two innovative approaches to modelling generational differences – generalised additive models and hierarchical age‒period‒cohort models – this paper shows that rather than producing hostility to immigration, being socialised in a context of high immigrant-origin diversity is likely to result in more positive attitudes to immigration later in life. This implies that through generational replacement, countries like the UK are likely to become increasingly tolerant of immigration over time. Importantly, however, a context of high-income inequality may diminish this effect.

An Alternative Approach to Understanding Generational Differences

2015 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 390-395 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yi Wang ◽  
Yisheng Peng
Keyword(s):  
Generational Differences ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Categorical Variable ◽  
Generational Difference ◽  
Alternative Approach ◽  
Generational Membership ◽  
Gen X

According to Costanza and Finkelstein (2015), the definition and measurement of generational membership could be two major problems inherent in the literature on generational differences. So far, researchers have defined generation in terms of groups of people belonging to the same cohorts, age groups, and experience of certain common events (Joshi, Dencker, & Franz, 2011). In this vein, generational difference is operationalized mostly as a categorical variable, and most researchers assign participants into generational categories based on date of birth. For instance, people born in 1958–1959 and 1973–1974 are typically divided into Boomers and Gen X, respectively (Twenge, Campbell, Hoffman, & Lance, 2010).

scholarly journals PERBEDAAN SOSIALISASI NILAI PERTANIAN OLEH AGEN SOSIALISASI PRIMER KEPADA PEMUDA DAN PEMUDI DI PEDESAAN (KASUS DESA CIASMARA, PAMIJAHAN, BOGOR)

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 9
Author(s):  
Yogaprasta Adi Nugraha ◽  
Muslim Muslim
Keyword(s):  
Young People ◽  
Quantitative Research ◽  
Agricultural Sector ◽  
Young Men ◽  
Rural Youth ◽  
Comparative Approach ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Quantitative Research Methods ◽  
Agriculture Sector

<p align="justify"><em>The phenomenon related to the low participation of young people to work in the agricultural sector, it is necessary to be studied more new perspectives. Moreover, the perspective of how agriculture itself is constructed by their social system, in this case, how parents and peers construct the notion of agriculture.</em><em> </em><em>The objectives of this study are 1) to identify the differences between the attitudes of male and female rural youth towards work in the agricultural sector, 2) to analyze differences in the patterns of socialization of parents and peers to male and female rural-youth about work in the agricultural sector, and 3) analyze the differences between the relationship patterns of socialization of parents and peers with the attitude of male and female rural youth towards agricultural work.</em><em> </em><em>This research was conducted in Ciasmara Village, Pamijahan Sub-district, Bogor District from July 2019 to February 2020 using quantitative research methods with a descriptive-comparative approach. A total of 69 young women and 60 young people were selected as research samples. This study found that there were differences in attitudes between male and female rural youth related to work in the rice agriculture sector. Parents were the actors who most highly socialize the value of agriculture to young men and women in the form of involving the activities of growing rice, cultivating land, and harvesting. Meanwhile, both parents and peers have positively correlated with the attitudes of young men and women about work in the agricultural sector.</em><em></em></p>

Attitudes Toward Homosexuality and LGBT People: Causal Attributions for Sexual Orientation

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter Hegarty
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Orientation ◽  
Strong Evidence ◽  
Social Scientists ◽  
Attitudes Toward Homosexuality ◽  
Biological Basis ◽  
Weak Support ◽  
Positive Attitudes ◽  
Group Identities ◽  
The Usa ◽  
Lgbt People

Social scientists have debated whether belief in a biological basis for sexual orientation engenders more positive attitudes toward gay men and lesbians. Belief in the biological theory has often been observed to be correlated with pro-lesbian/gay attitudes, and this gives some “weak” support for the hypothesis. There is far less “strong” evidence that biological beliefs have caused a noteworthy shift in heterosexist attitudes, or that they hold any essential promise of so doing. One reason for this divergence between the weak and strong hypothesis is that beliefs about causality are influenced by attitudes and group identities. Consequently beliefs about a biological basis of sexual orientation have identity-expressive functions over and above their strictly logical causal implications about nature/nurture issues. Four other factors explain why the biological argument of the 1990s was an intuitively appealing as a pro-gay tool, although there is no strong evidence that it had a very substantive impact in making public opinion in the USA more pro-gay. These factors are that the biological argument (a) implied that sexuality is a discrete social category grounded in fundamental differences between people, (b) implied that sexual orientation categories are historically and culturally invariant, (c) implied that gender roles and stereotypes have a biological basis, and (d) framed homosexual development, not heterosexual development, as needing explanation. Understanding this literature is important and relevant for conceptualizing the relationship between biological attributions and social attitudes in domains beyond sexual orientations, such as in the more recent research on reducing transphobia and essentialist beliefs about gender.

Generation Gap; Analisa Pengaruh Perbedaan Generasi Terhadap Pola Komunikasi Organisasi di Perusahaan Consumer Goods Di Kota Surabaya

2019 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 36-43
Author(s):  
Gabriella Sagita Putri ◽  
Bobie Hartanto ◽  
Nisrin Husna
Keyword(s):  
Correlation Analysis ◽  
Organizational Communication ◽  
Generation X ◽  
Generation Y ◽  
Consumer Goods ◽  
Generational Differences ◽  
Generation Gap ◽  
Business Activity ◽  
Generational Difference ◽  
The Relationship

In a professional world, organizational communication is one element to support their business activity, the relationship between employees and managers of various line interconnected through communication. One of the problems relating to communication in the organization is generation gap that are confronted by having different perceptions, behavior and character involving employees across the generations in one company. This research going to see the influence of the generational differences between employees was born from generation x and generation y or milenials of different positions positions in companies engaged at consumer goods industry in Surabaya. The research objective is to explain Impact of the existence of the generational difference against the pattern of organizational communication among employees in companies. This research with eksplanative be held with quantitative approach, data collection is gathered through interview with quitionnaire. The result explained that correlation analysis of 17,64% from pearson product moment, it means there is low influence but significant between generational differences and pattern of communication organization. Significance tested of thitung (2,37) > ttabel (1,42), then Hi accepted.

Investigation of the Generational Differences of Two Types of Blog Writers

2019 ◽  
Vol 17 (4) ◽  
pp. 54-70
Author(s):  
Benazir Quadir ◽  
Nian Shing Chen ◽  
Jie Chi Yang
Keyword(s):  
Logistic Regression ◽  
Empirical Study ◽  
Web 2.0 ◽  
Knowledge Acquisition ◽  
Generational Differences ◽  
Digital Natives ◽  
Digital Immigrants ◽  
Web Based ◽  
Online Writing ◽  
Positive Attitudes

This study aimed to gain insights into the differences in perceptions of blog writing of two types of writers (i.e., digital natives [DNs] vs. digital immigrants [DIs]). The study focused on the generational literature and Web 2.0 as an online writing platform, investigating the generational differences in DN and DI writers' perceptions on a blog-based writing platform. The “WritingGen” blog was developed for this study to provide a web-based writing place to facilitate writers' writing and editing practices. An empirical study was conducted involving 34 Taiwanese blog writers with five hypotheses to be verified. Data were analyzed using independent samples t tests and logistic regression. The results revealed that the DN writers have significantly more positive attitudes toward blog writing, higher frequencies in blog-based writing behavior, perceived higher satisfaction, and higher knowledge acquisition than the DI writers. Based on these findings, pedagogical implications are provided.

scholarly journals ATTITUDES OF STUDENTS TOWARDS GAMETE DONATION AND BASIC LIFE VALUES

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jelena Opsenica Kostic ◽  
◽  
Damjana Panic ◽  
Milica Mitrovic
Keyword(s):  
University Students ◽  
Public Awareness ◽  
Young Men ◽  
Gamete Donation ◽  
Vitro Fertilization ◽  
Openness To Change ◽  
Positive Attitudes ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Self Transcendence

"Gamete donation is a procedure that includes the “reproductive others” in the process of conception. There are numerous dilemmas related to donation while various European countries have different ways of solving them. In the Republic of Serbia, only voluntary gamete donation is allowed, and donors can only be women and men from the general population, or women included in the In vitro fertilization process. The donors remain anonymous to the child which was conceived with their help. Overcoming infertility in this way usually includes building public awareness, especially when it is not a common practice in that society, and work should be done on forming positive attitudes towards the donation. Experience from other countries indicates that sperm donation usually does not represent a problem, but there is greater demand for egg cells than the existing supply, which is an additional reason for studying attitudes and planning appropriate campaigns. In this study, the attitudes of university students (N = 503; 206 young men, 297 young women) towards gamete donation were analyzed, as were the differences in the extent of basic values about acceptance of the donation. We used several questions to determine the attitudes towards donations, including those specially designed for this research and the Schwartz Personal Values Questionnaire (Schwartz, 2002). University students are young people who represent not only potential donors but also the everyday environment of couples who require a donation. As highly educated individuals, they have the potential to be attitude holders. The results have shown generally positive attitudes of the students towards donation. The differences in certain basic values among the participants who support donation were obtained only for the sub-sample of young men: a more pronounced Openness to change and Self-transcendence. The authors present some specific ideas regarding the promotion of gamete donation in general – for example, we believe that in the supporting campaign for donation it would be more appropriate to use Self-transcendence than Openness to change."

Public Opinion Toward LGBT People and Rights in Latin America and the Caribbean

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Enrique Chaux ◽  
Manuela León ◽  
Lina Cuellar ◽  
Juliana Martínez
Keyword(s):  
Latin America ◽  
Public Opinion ◽  
Latin American ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Attitudes Toward Homosexuality ◽  
Positive Attitudes ◽  
Multiple Variables ◽  
The Caribbean ◽  
Lgbt People ◽  
And Gender

Important changes toward more acceptance of homosexuality seem to be occurring in many countries around the world. However, large differences exist between individuals, societal groups, countries, and regions in attitudes toward homosexuality. Countries in Latin America and the Caribbean (LatAmC) are not an exception in either of these trends. More positive attitudes toward homosexuality in LatAmC countries and significant legal and political changes in favor of LBGT rights have been occurring in the region since the third wave of democratization in the 1980s. Nonetheless, there are important limitations to these advancements: they are highly uneven; they are fragile and likely to become targets of politically motivated public outrage; enforcement is irregular and often faces hostile resistance from the civil servants appointed to enact and uphold them; and LGBT individuals continue to face high levels of violence, making the region one of the deadliest for sexual and gender minorities, particularly trans women. Analyses from two large surveys, conducted periodically in several LatAmC countries, which include questions about homophobic attitudes (the International Civic and Citizenship Education Study, or ICCS, and the Latin American Public Opinion Project, or LAPOP) show a clear historical pattern of increased acceptance toward homosexuality in most countries. They also reveal large differences between countries with high (e.g., Uruguay) or low (e.g., Haiti) levels of acceptance of homosexuality. Multiple variables are associated with these differences. In almost all countries, women and more educated, less religious, and more politically active participants show more positive attitudes toward homosexuality than men and less educated, more religious (especially evangelical) and less politically involved participants. The analysis of attitudes toward homosexuality in LatAmC shows that (a) change in attitudes at a large scale is possible and is occurring relatively fast in LatAmC; (b) some countries are greatly lagging behind in these changes, especially in the Caribbean; and (c) policies and programs are urgently needed in the region, not only to facilitate changes in those countries where homophobic attitudes are still very common, but also to consolidate changes that have already been occurring.

Speaker attitude as a predictive factor in listener perception of gay men’s speech

2012 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 206-230 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephen L. Mann
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Orientation ◽  
Gay Men ◽  
Predictive Factor ◽  
American English ◽  
Social Practices ◽  
Linguistic Features ◽  
Negative Attitudes ◽  
Gay Male ◽  
Positive Attitudes ◽  
Language Perception

Research on listener identification of sexual orientation (e.g., Gaudio 1994, Piccolo 2008) has produced conflicting results. I argue that one contributing factor to linguistic perception of sexual orientation is the speaker’s assumptions about gay male ways of speaking American English or about specific linguistic features that the speaker believes listeners will associate with “sounding gay” in American English. Interviews I conducted with eight gay men highlight the ways in which positive and negative attitudes become realized in discourse about sounding gay or gay male ways of speaking and its link to other social practices. I then present results from a language perception study, which suggest that negative attitudes toward sounding gay decrease the possibility that a speaker will use linguistic features associated with sounding gay and will, as a result, be less likely to be perceived as gay than gay men who hold positive attitudes toward sounding gay.

scholarly journals Inclusive Masculinities in a Working-Class Sixth Form in Northeast England

2015 ◽  
Vol 46 (3) ◽  
pp. 310-333 ◽  
Author(s):  
Callum Blanchard ◽  
Mark McCormack ◽  
Grant Peterson
Keyword(s):  
Working Class ◽  
Great Majority ◽  
Emotional Intimacy ◽  
Attitudes Toward Homosexuality ◽  
Small Minority ◽  
Attitudes And Behaviors ◽  
Positive Attitudes ◽  
Dominant Narratives ◽  
Class Youth ◽  
Sixth Form

This research examines the construction of masculinity among a group of working-class boys aged sixteen to nineteen in the northeast of England. Drawing on data collected from a six-week ethnography with boys in a religious (Christian) sixth form college, this study documents how only a small minority of these boys embodied the orthodox archetype of masculinity that has traditionally been associated with working-class youth. Instead, the great majority of participants adopted attitudes and behaviors that can be categorized as a set of inclusive masculinities: They espoused positive attitudes toward homosexuality, engaged in physical tactility and emotional intimacy, and used homosexually themed language without the intent to wound or marginalize other boys. These findings pose a considerable challenge to dominant narratives on working-class masculinities; narratives that must now be reconfigured to account for the proliferation of inclusive masculinities among working-class youth.

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