Bias-Based Cyberaggression in Northwestern Mexican Adolescents: Associations With Moral Disengagement

2021 ◽  
pp. 027243162110580
Author(s):  
Christián Denisse Navarro-Rodríguez ◽  
Jose A. Vera Noriega ◽  
Sheri Bauman
Keyword(s):  
At Risk ◽  
Moral Disengagement ◽  
Demographic Characteristics ◽  
Extant Literature ◽  
Scant Attention ◽  
Stigmatized Groups ◽  
Northwestern Mexico ◽  
Mexican Adolescents

Although there is a body of literature that addresses victimization of adolescents based on their membership in stigmatized groups, there is little that focuses on this type of aggression delivered digitally. Furthermore, the extant literature typically focuses on the targets of such aggression, but scant attention has been paid to the aggressors. To address this gap, the current study investigated characteristics of perpetrators of bias-based cyberaggression in a sample of 554 self-reported cyber-aggressors among 1695 12- to15-year-old adolescents in northwestern Mexico. Approximately one-fourth of these cyber-aggressors engaged in bias-based cyberaggression. Demographic characteristics were investigated in an attempt to describe those most at risk for perpetration of bias-based aggression. In addition, the influence of moral disengagement was examined in this unique sample. Results showed that cyber-aggressors who were male and younger were disproportionately represented among those whose cyberaggression was motivated by some type of bias. Bias-based cyberaggression was associated with higher levels of several types of moral disengagement. Possible explanations and implications of the findings are discussed.

scholarly journals Is the Sri Lankan ecotourism industry threatened by climate change? A case study of Rekawa coastal wetland using contingent visitation approach

2019 ◽  
Vol 25 (3) ◽  
pp. 226-243
Author(s):  
Nesha Dushani Salpage ◽  
Margrethe Aanesen ◽  
Oscar Amarasinghe
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
At Risk ◽  
Coastal Wetland ◽  
Climatic Factors ◽  
Demographic Characteristics ◽  
Sri Lankan ◽  
Environmental Index ◽  
Adaptation Measures ◽  
The Difference

AbstractThis study investigates intended visitation behavior of tourists toward Rekawa wetland under anticipated climate change (CC) scenarios. An interview-based contingent visitation survey was conducted with 365 foreign and domestic tourists to estimate the effects of CC on future visitation. Based on two IPCC scenarios using two direct and three indirect climatic factors, we composed a CC environmental index. The results show a decline in number of trips equal to 43 per cent and 53 per cent under scenarios 1 and 2 respectively, but the difference is not significant. Foreign and domestic tourists differ significantly with regard to socio-demographic characteristics and beliefs about CC effects at Rekawa. Controlling for such differences, we demonstrate that foreign tourists are less likely than domestic tourists to reduce future visitation to Rekawa due to CC impacts. Still, the future of ecotourism at Rekawa wetland is at risk if adaptation measures are not taken to meet CC impacts.

Association of Demographic Characteristics, Knowledge, and Worry about HIV Infection with Occupational and Nonoccupational Behaviors of Medical Students

1994 ◽  
Vol 74 (2) ◽  
pp. 587-593 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lynn M. Toennies ◽  
Matthew J. Zagumny ◽  
Grigory Sorokin ◽  
Bonnie Tesch
Keyword(s):  
At Risk ◽  
Regression Analysis ◽  
Medical Students ◽  
Occupational Exposure ◽  
Hiv Infection ◽  
Demographic Characteristics ◽  
Survey Questions

The authors surveyed a sample of 132 medical students to assess their behaviors related to the risk of HIV infection. Scale measures were computed for survey questions relating to both occupational and nonoccupational behavior and also for questions relating to knowledge of any worry about HIV infection. Regression analysis to assess the influence of demographic characteristics, knowledge, and worry on occupational and nonoccupational behavior indicated that (1) medical students are more likely to implement behaviors to protect themselves from occupational exposure to HIV infection than from nonoccupational exposure and (2) students who worried more about HIV infection reported less at-risk occupational behavior. Implications of these findings for intervention efforts with medical students are addressed.

SOCIO‐DEMOGRAPHIC CHARACTERISTICS AND INITIAL TREATMENT DECISIONS FOR PATIENTS WITH SCHIZOPHRENIA AT RISK OF TREATMENT NON-ADHERENCE

2010 ◽  
Vol 117 (2-3) ◽  
pp. 266-267
Author(s):  
Katarina Kelin ◽  
Richard Newton ◽  
Malina I. Simu ◽  
Liang-Jen Chuo ◽  
Raúl I. Escamilla ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
At Risk ◽  
Initial Treatment ◽  
Treatment Decisions ◽  
Demographic Characteristics ◽  
Risk Of Treatment

Consumer Knowledge, Storage, and Handling Practices Regarding Listeria in Frankfurters and Deli Meats: Results of a Web-Based Survey

2006 ◽  
Vol 69 (7) ◽  
pp. 1630-1639 ◽  
Author(s):  
SHERYL C. CATES ◽  
ROBERTA A. MORALES ◽  
SHAWN A. KARNS ◽  
LEE-ANN JAYKUS ◽  
KATHERINE M. KOSA ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
At Risk ◽  
Predictive Models ◽  
Metropolitan Areas ◽  
Demographic Characteristics ◽  
Consumer Knowledge ◽  
Department Of Agriculture ◽  
Consumer Awareness ◽  
Web Based ◽  
Handling Practices ◽  
The U.S

Proper storage and handling of refrigerated ready-to-eat foods can help reduce the risk of listeriosis. A national Web-based survey was conducted to measure consumer awareness and knowledge of Listeria and to estimate the prevalence of the U.S. Department of Agriculture–recommended consumer storage and handling practices for frankfurters and deli meats. The demographic characteristics of consumers who are unaware of Listeria and who do not follow the recommended storage guidelines were also assessed. In addition, predictive models were developed to determine which consumers engage in risky storage practices. Less than half of the consumers surveyed were aware of Listeria, and most of those aware were unable to identify associated food vehicles. Awareness was lower among adults 60 years of age and older, an at-risk population for listeriosis, and individuals with relatively less education and lower incomes. Most households safely stored and prepared frankfurters. Most households stored unopened packages of vacuum-packed deli meats in the refrigerator within the U.S. Department of Agriculture–recommended storage guidelines (≤14 days); however, many stored opened packages of vacuum-packed deli meats and freshly sliced deli meats for longer than the recommended time (≤5 days). Men, more-educated individuals, and individuals living in metropolitan areas were more likely to engage in risky storage practices. This study identified the need to develop targeted educational initiatives on listeriosis prevention.

scholarly journals Cryptosporidiosis: a neglected infection and its association with nutritional status in schoolchildren in northwestern Mexico

2015 ◽  
Vol 9 (08) ◽  
pp. 878-883 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luis Quihui-Cota ◽  
Carmen M Lugo-Flores ◽  
Jose A Ponce-Martínez ◽  
Gloria G Morales-Figueroa
Keyword(s):  
At Risk ◽  
Nutritional Status ◽  
Intestinal Parasites ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Mexican Children ◽  
Control And Prevention ◽  
Z Scores ◽  
Stool Samples ◽  
Northwestern Mexico

Introduction: Undernutrition is a recognized public health problem in Mexican children and cryptosporidiosis is probably a factor contributing to this problem. However, it remains a neglected and poorly attended infection in Mexico. This study aimed to determine the prevalence of Cryptosporidium parvum and to establish its association with the nutritional status in schoolchildren of northwestern Mexico. Methodology: A total of 405 schoolchildren between 6 and 13 years of age were included in this study. Weight-for-age (W/A), height-for-age (H/A) and body mass index-for-age (BMI/A) Z scores were calculated. The Faust technique was used to detect intestinal parasites in stool samples and C. parvum coproantigen was detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Results: The overall prevalence of C. parvum was 28.4%. Some of the study children were C. parvum free (n = 86) and some were C. parvum infected (n = 77). The prevalences of risk of undernutrition found in both groups of children for H/A, W/A, and BMI/A Z scores were 18%, 21% and 28%, respectively. Weight, ZW/A, and ZH/A were significantly higher in the C. parvum-free group compared to the C. parvum-infected group (p ≤ 0.05). The children with cryptosporidiosis were 2.7 times more likely to be at risk of undernutrition by W/A Z score and 2.9 times more likely to be at risk of undernutrition by ZH/A than were the C. parvum-free children. Conclusions: Cryptosporidiosis may be a contributing factor to childhood undernutrition in northwestern Mexico. The proper authorities must implement control and prevention measurements in Mexico and other developing countries.

scholarly journals The impact of COVID-19 on fertility plans in Italy, Germany, France, Spain and UK

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
FRANCESCA LUPPI ◽  
Bruno Arpino ◽  
Alessandro Rosina
Keyword(s):  
At Risk ◽  
Representative Sample ◽  
Tertiary Education ◽  
Demographic Characteristics ◽  
Lower Proportion ◽  
Low Fertility ◽  
Young Population ◽  
Clear Pattern ◽  
Future Income ◽  
The Impact

This study offers an overview on changes in fertility plan during the COVID-19 crisis of a representative sample of the young population (18-34) in Italy, France, Germany, Spain and UK. Data were collected between March 27 and April 7, 2020. Our results show that fertility plans have been negatively revised in all countries, but not in the same way. In Germany and France fertility plans changed moderately, with many people still planning or postponing their decision to have a child during the 2020. In Italy, instead, the proportion of abandoners is much higher than in other countries, while comparatively it shows a lower proportion of those deciding to postpone their plans. Moreover, the demographic characteristics of the individuals seem to be associated with fertility plans in different ways across countries. In Italy, abandoners are common among individuals younger than 30 and those without a tertiary education. In Germany, abandoners are slightly more prevalent in the regions most affected by the COVID-19. In UK, fertility plans have been most frequently abandoned by individuals that expect the worse impact of the crisis on their future income. Finally, in France and Spain we did not observe a clear pattern for revision of fertility plans. These results suggest that different mechanisms are at work, due to the different economic, demographic and policy pre-crisis background and post-crisis prospects. Low-fertility contexts, in particular, appear to be more at risk of a fertility loss due to the crisis.

scholarly journals Getting More Out of Your Interview Data: Toward a Framework for Debriefing the Transcriber of Interviews

2016 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 248 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rebecca K. Weinbaum ◽  
Anthony J. Onwuegbuzie
Keyword(s):  
Qualitative Research ◽  
Data Collection ◽  
Qualitative Analysis ◽  
Research Method ◽  
Research Literature ◽  
Extant Literature ◽  
Analysis Process ◽  
Transcription Process ◽  
Data Collection And Analysis ◽  
Scant Attention

<p>In most qualitative research studies involving the creation of interview transcriptions, researchers seldom demonstrate much reflexivity about the transcription process, rarely making mention of transcription processes as part of their reporting of data collection and analysis procedures beyond a simple statement that audio- or videotaped data were transcribed. Disturbingly, although transcription is a part of the qualitative analysis process, transcription as a research method has received scant attention in the qualitative research literature. Thus, the purpose of this article was to provide a framework for debriefing the transcriber. As part of this framework, we have designed questions for the researcher to ask the transcriber to address representation and legitimation and also to facilitate movement into a deeper investigation. Finally, we present three examples of works from the extant literature wherein the transcriber was debriefed.<strong> </strong></p>

scholarly journals The association between musculoskeletal disorders and obesity

2002 ◽  
Vol 25 (6) ◽  
pp. 207 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael Kortt ◽  
Jonathan Baldry
Keyword(s):  
At Risk ◽  
Logistic Regression ◽  
Musculoskeletal Disorders ◽  
Geographic Location ◽  
National Health Survey ◽  
Demographic Characteristics ◽  
The Body ◽  
Individual Level ◽  
Level Data ◽  
Australian Bureau Of Statistics

The aim of this study was to examine the association between musculoskeletal disorders and the level of obesity (as defined by the body mass index) for a sample of the Australian population aged 20-64.A logistic regression model was used to estimate the association between musculoskeletal disorders and obesity, controlling for a range of socio-demographic characteristics. Individual-level data on obesity, musculoskeletal disorders, and various socio-demographic characteristics were extracted from the Australian Bureau of Statistics (ABS) 1995 National Health Survey (NHS). Individuals with musculoskeletal disorders were identified using ICD-9 codes 710-739 from a sample of 28,376 individuals from the non-institutionalised population. Estimates from the logistic regression equation indicate that there is a statistically significant positive relationship between the probability of having a musculoskeletal disorder and the level of obesity. Socio-demographic variables such as age, sex, origin, income level, employment status and geographic location also had a statistically significant relationship. This information can be used by public health practitioners and educators to identify those at risk and to design health strategies that target at-risk patients.

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