scholarly journals Cryptosporidiosis: a neglected infection and its association with nutritional status in schoolchildren in northwestern Mexico

2015 ◽  
Vol 9 (08) ◽  
pp. 878-883 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luis Quihui-Cota ◽  
Carmen M Lugo-Flores ◽  
Jose A Ponce-Martínez ◽  
Gloria G Morales-Figueroa
Keyword(s):  
At Risk ◽  
Nutritional Status ◽  
Intestinal Parasites ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Mexican Children ◽  
Control And Prevention ◽  
Z Scores ◽  
Stool Samples ◽  
Northwestern Mexico

Introduction: Undernutrition is a recognized public health problem in Mexican children and cryptosporidiosis is probably a factor contributing to this problem. However, it remains a neglected and poorly attended infection in Mexico. This study aimed to determine the prevalence of Cryptosporidium parvum and to establish its association with the nutritional status in schoolchildren of northwestern Mexico. Methodology: A total of 405 schoolchildren between 6 and 13 years of age were included in this study. Weight-for-age (W/A), height-for-age (H/A) and body mass index-for-age (BMI/A) Z scores were calculated. The Faust technique was used to detect intestinal parasites in stool samples and C. parvum coproantigen was detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Results: The overall prevalence of C. parvum was 28.4%. Some of the study children were C. parvum free (n = 86) and some were C. parvum infected (n = 77). The prevalences of risk of undernutrition found in both groups of children for H/A, W/A, and BMI/A Z scores were 18%, 21% and 28%, respectively. Weight, ZW/A, and ZH/A were significantly higher in the C. parvum-free group compared to the C. parvum-infected group (p ≤ 0.05). The children with cryptosporidiosis were 2.7 times more likely to be at risk of undernutrition by W/A Z score and 2.9 times more likely to be at risk of undernutrition by ZH/A than were the C. parvum-free children. Conclusions: Cryptosporidiosis may be a contributing factor to childhood undernutrition in northwestern Mexico. The proper authorities must implement control and prevention measurements in Mexico and other developing countries.

Prevalence of Intestinal Parasitic Infections and their Association with Nutritional Status of Rural and Urban Pre-School Children in Benue State, Nigeria

2016 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 146-152
Author(s):  
Kpurkpur Tyoalumun, MSc ◽  
Sani Sani Abubakar, MSc ◽  
Nongu Christopher, MLT
Keyword(s):  
Global Health ◽  
Nutritional Status ◽  
School Children ◽  
Intestinal Parasites ◽  
Parasitic Infections ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Essential Information ◽  
Intestinal Parasitic Infections ◽  
Rural And Urban ◽  
Z Scores

Background and Objectives: Intestinal parasitic infections are highly prevalent in developing countries, contributing to high incidence of malnutrition and morbidity. This study aimed to fi nd the prevalence of intestinal parasitic infections and their association with nutritional status of children in Benue State, Nigeria. Methods: A cross sectional study conducted from January-June 2016, among 418 school children under-5 years of age. Anthropometric data, height-for-age, weight-for-height, and weight-for-age Z-scores from each child and fecal samples were collected and screened for intestinal parasites using standard laboratory methods. Results: Among the intestinal parasitic infections detected, the prevalence of E. histolytica was higher (51.0% and 29.0%) than all other parasites encountered in rural and urban pupils (P<0.05). Other parasites were Hookworm (46.2% and 24.8%); G. lamblia (11.5% and 8.6%); and T. trichiura (2.4% and 5.2%). The prevalence of stunting (HAZ<-2), in rural and urban pupils were 43.8% and 32.9%; 64.4% and 39.0% rural and urban pupils were underweight (WAZ<-2), while 30.3% and 24.3% were wasted (WHZ<-2). Infected children had signifi cantly (P<0.05) higher z-scores than the uninfected children. Conclusion and Global Health Implications: Benue State is among the Nigerian states with the highest burden of tropical diseases with a current plan of elimination implemented through mass drug administration. This study identify/evaluate some essential information that will support the planning and implementation of the State’s ongoing efforts.   Copyright © 2016 Tyoalumun et al. Published by Global Health and Education Projects, Inc. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License CC BY 4.0.

scholarly journals Mass Treatment does not reduce the prevalency of parasites in Guarani indigenous schoolchildren in Brazil

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (11) ◽  
pp. e187101119524
Author(s):  
Veridiana Lenartovicz-Boeira ◽  
Cristiane Maria Colli ◽  
Lucas Casagrande ◽  
Fernanda Pereira Rigon ◽  
Eloiza Cristina Martelli ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Frequency ◽  
Intestinal Parasites ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Indigenous Populations ◽  
Second Phase ◽  
Mass Treatment ◽  
Cultural Conditions ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Stool Samples ◽  
Epidemiological Profile

The high frequency of intestinal parasites is favored by environmental and socio-cultural conditions of indigenous populations, and is still a neglected public health problem. Mass administration of broad-spectrum drugs aims to reduce the prevalence and intensity of the infections. The prevalence of intestinal parasites in school-children in an indigenous Guarani village in southern Brazil, was evaluated before and after the mass treatment of the population with albendazole. In the first phase of collection of stool samples, 81.4% of them were positive for enteroparasites and in the second phase, after two doses of antiparasitic medication, 87.5% were positive. Although the prevalence of infections by some helminths has reduced after treatment, many parasites remained frequent in the studied population, showing a change in the epidemiological profile in the distribution of these diseases in the population. The prevalence of intestinal parasites in indigenous schoolchildren proved to be high even after mass treatment with albendazole.

scholarly journals Prevalence of Intestinal Parasites among Patients attending a Tertiary Care Centre in Central Nepal

2019 ◽  
Vol 15 (3) ◽  
pp. 175-178
Author(s):  
Sanjana Raj Kumari ◽  
Damodar Sharma ◽  
Brajesh Jha
Keyword(s):  
Intestinal Parasites ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Parasitic Infection ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Parasitic Infections ◽  
Tertiary Care Centre ◽  
Important Public Health Problem ◽  
Intestinal Parasitic Infections ◽  
Stool Samples ◽  
Fresh Stool

Background: Intestinal parasitic infections are important public health problem and are globally endemic. These parasites are responsible for the major share of morbidity and mortality in those communities where there is overcrowding, poor environmental sanitation and personal hygienic practices. Intestinal parasitic infection is highly prevalent among the general population in Nepal. This study was aimed to evaluate the burden of the intestinal parasitic infections and the pattern of distributions among patients attending in a tertiary care setting in Bharatpur, Nepal, over a period of one year (August 2017 to July 2018). Methods: Stool samples of patients received in the Microbiology laboratory, COMS that were subjected for routine stool investigations were included in this study. Naked eye physical examination, microscopic examination was carried out and parasites were identified in the received stool samples. The results were recorded, and data were entered into excel spreadsheet 2007. The percentages of the parasites present were calculated to find out the frequency and distribution. Results: A total of 1,558 fresh stool samples were screened, of which 20.60% (n=321) were positive for various intestinal parasites. Overall, helminthic infections (81.30%) were higher than protozoal infections (18.70%). On the whole, Ascaris lumbricoides showed higher prevalence (39.56%) followed by Ancylostoma duodenale (19.31%) and Giardia lamblia (9.97%).  17(1.09%) of the samples showed more than one parasite. Highest prevalence was seen in age group 15 to 25 years of age (27.40%). Conclusions: Parasitic infection is endemic. Apart from the early diagnosis and effective treatment, health education is a requisite to control infections in this area and awareness of sanitation to reduce and control parasitic infection.  

scholarly journals Prevalence of Intestinal Parasitosis in Children of a Primary School in Pedro Juan Caballero - PY

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (10) ◽  
pp. 424-426
Author(s):  
Kayque Wellek Delgado do Amaral ◽  
Cristiane Venturini Garlet ◽  
Daniel Contreira Júnior ◽  
Marcus Tadeu Fernandes Gomes da Silva ◽  
Laura Simões Cogorno ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Giardia Lamblia ◽  
Preventive Measures ◽  
Intestinal Parasites ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Important Public Health Problem ◽  
Sedimentation Technique ◽  
Intestinal Parasitosis ◽  
Stool Samples ◽  
Sanitary Conditions

Introduction: Parasitosis is a type of endoparasitism, which is directly related to sanitary conditions and is an important public health problem in developing countries. Objective: To determine the prevalence of intestinal parasites in children attending a primary public school in Pedro Juan Caballero - PY. Materials and Methods: 85 (eighty-five) stool samples were analyzed using the centrifugal sedimentation technique. Results: Cysts and/or parasite eggs were observed in the stool samples of 67 (78.8%) children. Giardia lamblia cysts were those that showed the highest incidence in the children. Conclusion: The high Giardia lamblia index demonstrates the lack of access to drinking water for consumption, inadequate sanitation and the absence of a public health network. This study highlights the importance of encouraging the use of serial analysis of stool, strengthening preventive measures for parasitosis, developing protocols for their approach, and designing a strategy that includes the preschool population in the programs that periodically evaluate the development of children.

scholarly journals Prevalence of intestinal parasites among urban and rural population in Kancheepuram district of Tamil Nadu

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (6) ◽  
pp. 2585 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. Mareeswaran ◽  
A. K. Savitha ◽  
S. Gopalakrishnan
Keyword(s):  
Rural Population ◽  
Urban Population ◽  
Tamil Nadu ◽  
Intestinal Parasites ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Medical Intervention ◽  
Parasitic Infections ◽  
Major Public Health Problem ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Stool Samples

Background: Intestinal parasitic infections are globally endemic and is a major public health problem of concern. The prevalence is high in developing countries like India probably due to poor sanitary conditions and improper hygiene. Among the various intestinal parasites, the prevalence of Entamoeba, Ascaris, Ancylostoma, Giardia and Trichuris have been studied in this research.Methods: This is a cross sectional study which involves 205 urban and 185 rural populations. The data was collected from the Urban and Rural health training centres in Anakaputhur and Padappai of Kancheepuram district respectively over a period of three months from August 2017 to October 2017. Data entry was done in MS Excel and analysis was carried out in SPSS software version 22. The analysis was done using descriptive and analytical statistical methods.Results: Among the rural and urban population, 185 stool samples from the rural population showed nearly 50.8% intestinal parasites (E. histolytica 40%, A. lumbricoides 2%, A. duodenalae 5%, Giardia 1%, T. trichura 3%). On the contrary 205 stool samples from urban population showed 23.4% of intestinal parasites (E. histolytica 18%, A. lumbricoides 2%, A. duodenalae 5%, Giardia 0%, T. trichura 0%). The increase in the prevalence of intestinal parasites among rural population than the urban population was statistically significant.Conclusions: The stool samples collected from rural population showed high prevalence of intestinal parasite infestation when compared to urban population, hence necessary interventions like health education, awareness creation and medical intervention should be undertaken particularly among the rural population.

scholarly journals Effective diagnosis of schistosomiasis haematobium by Silver beads Sandwich ELISA

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (SPL4) ◽  
pp. 1398-1404
Author(s):  
Ibrahim R B Aly ◽  
Samir A M Zaahkouk ◽  
Alaa A M Samn ◽  
Ibrahim A E Zahran ◽  
Sawsan A M EL-Shamy
Keyword(s):  
Intestinal Parasites ◽  
Sandwich Elisa ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Magnetic Bead ◽  
Stool Examination ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Major Public Health Problem ◽  
Highly Sensitive ◽  
Sandwich Elisa Assay ◽  
Effective Diagnosis

Schistosomiasis is a major public health problem. Diagnosis by simple and rapid immunoassays is a priority. The magnetic bead immunoassay using magnetic nanoparticles conjugated with anti-schistosomal antibody was evaluated for di­agnosing human schistosomiasis infection. The present study was to evaluate the sandwich ELISA as a simple test for the detection of schistosomal antigen (CSA) in serum and urine samples of S. haematobium patients and compare it with ELISA. Investigation conducted on eighty six cases divided to three groups, 34 were positively for Schistosoma haematobium, 32 were positively for intestinal parasites ova and negative for S. haematobium ova in urine and 20 were negative urine and stool examination (Control). Immunomagnetical bead based Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) using for detected for antigen in sera and urine infected by S. haematobium. Sandwich ELISA sensitivities was 79.4% (serum) and 73.5% (urine) and which increase by used nano-sandwich ELISA to 88.2% (serum) and 82.4% (urine), respectively. Sandwich ELISA specificities was 86.4% (serum) and 80.8% (urine) and which increase by used nano-sandwich ELISA to 93.3% (serum) and 88.5% (urine). We found that, nano-sandwich ELISA assay had highly sensitive and specifically and technical method was applicably, fast, cheaper, accurate and promising diagnostic method for schistosomiasis. 

scholarly journals Parasites with zoonotic potential in pets feces on the beaches of greater Florianópolis, Santa Catarina, Brazil

2020 ◽  
Vol 57 (3) ◽  
pp. e168442
Author(s):  
Patrizia Ana Bricarello ◽  
Alice da Silva ◽  
Thailini de Oliveira ◽  
Lenilza Mattos Lima
Keyword(s):  
Intestinal Parasites ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Free Access ◽  
Santa Catarina ◽  
Public Places ◽  
Public Areas ◽  
Stool Samples ◽  
Flotation Technique ◽  
Zoonotic Parasites ◽  
Trichuris Vulpis

In Brazil, dogs and cats have free access in public areas in some cities, such as squares, parks and beaches, despite restrictive laws for their permanence in these places. Animals infected with intestinal parasites contaminate the environment through their feces. The present study aimed to verify the occurrence of helminth eggs, oocysts and protozoan cysts in stool samples from three beaches in Greater Florianópolis, Santa Catarina, Brazil, from March 2017 to April 2018. Stool samples were processed by the Willis-Mollay flotation technique and the Hoffman sedimentation technique. The percentage of 47.65% of positive samples for helminths or protozoa was found on the southern beaches of Florianópolis island, with an occurrence of 52.78% at Morro das Pedras Beach and 42.86% at Campeche Beach. At Pinheira beach, in Palhoça, 56.66% of the samples were contaminated with one or more zoonotic parasites. In this study, the most prevalent parasites on the three beaches analyzed were hookworms and Trichuris vulpis, followed by Giardia spp. and Cystoisospora spp. Samples containing Toxocara spp. eggs were collected at Pinheira beach. It is concluded that the contamination of the beaches in the present study constitutes a public health problem, considering the possibility of zoonoses transmission. The importance of implementing sanitary programs for the control of parasites in dogs and cats is emphasized, as well as awareness and education programs, in order to reduce environmental contamination in public places.

scholarly journals Study on Intestinal Parasitic Infections in Muslim community of Janakpurdham, Nepal

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 36-45 ◽  
Author(s):  
Khushbu Yadav ◽  
Satyam Prakash
Keyword(s):  
Low Income ◽  
Intestinal Parasites ◽  
Parasitic Infection ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Parasitic Infections ◽  
High Morbidity ◽  
Intestinal Parasitic Infection ◽  
Muslim Community ◽  
Intestinal Parasitic Infections ◽  
Stool Samples

Background and Objectives: Intestinal parasitic infection is an important public health problem in Nepal because of its high morbidity and mortality. The distribution and prevalence of the various intestinal parasites species depend on social, geographical, economical and inhabitant customs. Therefore, the present study was designed to determine the burden of intestinal parasitic infections and its relation with sanitary practices and socio-demographic characteristics in Muslim community of Janakpurdham, Nepal.Material and Methods: A total of 161 stool samples were collected in dry, clean and screw capped plastic container and were preserved with 10% formalin. The stool samples were examined by direct microscopy and confirmed by concentration methods. Modified Ziehl Neelsen (ZN) staining was performed for the detection of coccidian parasites. P- value < 0.05 was considered as statistically significant.Results: The incidence of intestinal parasitic infection was 63.35% (male = 57.84% vs. female = 42.15%) (p = 0.321). The positive cases of parasitic infection were found to be slightly higher in less than 10 years (35.29%) than others. Hookworm (10%) and G. lamblia (28%) infection was marginally higher than other helminthic and protozoan infection. The highest number of positive cases of parasitic infection was found in those who didn’t wash their hands before meal, defecates stool haphazardly in open area, didn’t wash their hands after toilet, didn’t trim their nail, in larger family, with low income and in housewives which was found to be statistically significant (p = <0.05).Conclusion: The health status was found poor among Nepalese Muslim people. Routine periodic screening of parasitic infection among people, changing behavior, public educations on improved personal and environmental hygiene are the fundamental principle in the control of infection.Janaki Medical College Journal of Medical Sciences (2016) Vol. 4 (1): 36-45

scholarly journals Prevalence of intestinal parasites in a cohort of HIV-infected patients from Antioquia province, Colombia

Biomédica ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 41 (Sp. 2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jorge Humberto Botero ◽  
Esteban Villegas-Arbeláez ◽  
Sofía Giraldo ◽  
Johanna Urán-Velásquez ◽  
Laura Arias-Agudelo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Intestinal Parasites ◽  
Agar Plate ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Care Program ◽  
Gastrointestinal Parasites ◽  
Hiv Care ◽  
Bivariate Analysis ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Prevalence Studies ◽  
Stool Samples

Introduction: HIV infection is still a public health problem worldwide, and co-infections with other infectious agents, including intestinal parasites are of particular concern, mainly in developing countries, like Colombia. Objective: To conducte a cross-sectional research in patients attending an HIV care program in the province of Antioquia, given that intestinal prevalence studies on the HIV population are few in the country,. Material and methods: Stool samples from 192 patients were evaluated by direct wet mount and concentration; modified Ziehl Neelsen staining and agar plate culture. Univariate and correlation analyses were done to explore the association between socio-demographic, clinical characteristics and, parasitological data. Results: The overall prevalence of intestinal parasites in HIV positive subjects was 29.2% (56/192; 95%CI: 22.8% to 35.6%), being Entamoeba histolytica/dispar/ moshkosvkii 13.0% (25/192; 95%CI: 8.2% to 17.8%), and Blastocystis  12.0% (23/192; 95%CI: 7.4% to 16.6%) the most frequent. Opportunistic parasites like Cryptosporidium spp. and Cystoisospora belli were less prevalent, each one with 0.5% of positive samples (1/192; 95%CI: 0.1% to 1.5%). Commensal protozoa were also detected, with a prevalence of  18.8% (36/192; 95%CI: 13.3% to 24.3%). Most of the individuals in the study had a controlled viral load and an LTCD4 count greater than 200 cel/µL. A small percentage (9.3%) had diarrhea. Bivariate analysis and multivariate logistic regression showed that only age and having pets had a significant association with intestinal parasites in the studied cohort. Conclusions: Our results confirm that the population evaluated is at high risk of intestinal parasite infection, which highlights the need to include routine screening for gastrointestinal parasites to  provide prompt treatment and reduce possible complications.

Prevalence of Cryptosporidiosis Detected by Enzyme Immunoassay Coproantigen among People Living with HIV/AIDS Attending Selected Hospitals in Maiduguri, Nigeria

2021 ◽  
pp. 17-25
Author(s):  
Askira M. Umoru ◽  
A. B. Samaila ◽  
S. M. Panda ◽  
M. Y. Iliyasu ◽  
U. M. Kadaura ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Infection Rate ◽  
Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
T Lymphocyte ◽  
Intestinal Parasites ◽  
Cryptosporidium Species ◽  
Occurrence Rate ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
People Living With Hiv ◽  
Blood Samples ◽  
Stool Samples

Background: Cryptosporidium species are intestinal parasites that infect both humans and animals; it causes cryptosporidiosis which usually resulted to diarrhea especially among those with impaired immunity. It was observed that enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) be ascertain was never been used as one of the techniques in the detection of Cryptosporidium parvum antigen in Maiduguri, Borno state. Materials and Methods: Four hundred stool and blood samples were collected in four selected hospitals in the study area. Stool samples were analyzed by Enzyme link immunosorbent assay to detect fecal Cryptosporidium antigen, while the blood samples were analyzed with Partec sysmex ® flow cytometric machine for CD4 T-lymphocyte counts. Results: Demographically, female are 275 while male 125 in number. The result of the stool samples have shown that, of the four hundred samples, seventy nine (79) patients  were positive for Cryptosporidium  species with an infection rate of 19.8%. According to gender, females have the highest infection rate of 14.25% while males 5.5%.based on age, patients between the ages of 20-39 have the highest prevalence of 9.5% followed by 40-59 with 7.5% and lastly 0-19 and >60 old are1.25 and 1.5% respectively. Traders (businessmen and women) demonstrated the highest infection rate of 8.0% followed by housewives 6.25%, civil servants 4.25% and lastly student and farmer with 1.0 and 0.25% respectively. In terms of CD4-T-lymphocyte count, those with CD4 <200cells/µl has an occurrence rate of 8.25% followed by 201-499 with 7.0% and >500 with 4.5%. on the bases of clinical details, the results have shown that patients with diarrhea has a prevalence of 13.0% while those without diarrhea has 6.75%, however, according to the hospitals the patients attended, the result has that, USUMH has 7.0%.Followed by UMTH 6.5%, SSHM 3.75%, and MSMH 2.5% respectively. Conclusion: It was concluded that those with cd4 count bellow 200 are at risk of contacting the parasites and hence is one of the causes of diarrhea among HIV patients. It is recommended that proper hygiene practice should be encouraged.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document