Elastic-Strength Properties of Rubber Compounds Containing Rubber Crumb Treated with a Solution of SKI-3 Polyisoprene in an Aromatic Oil

2003 ◽  
Vol 30 (12) ◽  
pp. 33-35
Author(s):  
O.G. Polyakov ◽  
G.A. Popova ◽  
Yu. P. Bass
1977 ◽  
pp. 51-73
Author(s):  
Emil M. Friedman ◽  
Richard G. Bauer ◽  
Diego C. Rubio

Author(s):  
O. V. Karmanova ◽  
S. G. Tikhomirov ◽  
E. V. Lintsova ◽  
L. V. Popova

Studies of experimental adhesion modifiers based on a mixture of fatty acids from the production of light vegetable oils. The properties of rubber compounds and their vulcanizates obtained using experimental adhesion promoters KK with cobalt content from 7.5 to 16.5% are investigated. The plastic-elastic and vulcanization properties of the properties of breaker rubber compounds based on polyisoprene, the physical and mechanical properties of breaker rubbers and the bond strength in the “rubber-brass-plated steel cord system” were studied. When testing belt rubbers containing experienced adhesion promoters or an imported analog of Manobond 680C, the following features were revealed. The plasticity of the prototypes was in the range of 0.2-0.4. This indicates satisfactory processing properties. The Mooney viscosity of the prototypes was lower than that of the production sample. The use of experienced adhesion promoters instead of the analogue (Manobond 680C) increases the resistance to scorching. On the basis of the analysis of elastic-strength properties, it was found that in terms of the conditional tensile strength, the prototypes were inferior to the serial ones. However, rubbers containing the KK-12, KK-13.5, KK-15 promoters met the control standards. The tensile elongation at break of the experimental rubbers is higher than that of the serial sample. This may indicate the formation of a more uniform cure network in the presence of the test products. When testing rubber-metal-hard composites, it was noted that, under normal conditions, the experienced adhesion promoters have advantages over Manobond 680C. However, at elevated temperatures, under conditions of salt and steam-air aging, they are slightly inferior to Manobond 680C. It has been established that the experimental adhesion promoters provide the required set of technical properties of belt rubbers with a CO2 + content of 12–16.5% wt. Thus, it is possible to recommend the adhesion promoters KK 12, KK-13.5, KK 15 for practical use in the composition of belt rubber compounds. This will allow replacing a foreign-made product and reducing the cost of production.


2016 ◽  
Vol 43 (12) ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
I.Sh. Nasyrov ◽  
V.Yu. Faizova ◽  
D.A. Zhavoronkov ◽  
S.M. Kavun ◽  
A.S. Kolokol'nikov ◽  
...  

The results of pilot-plant tests of SKI-3 isoprene rubber containing a series of Quantislip™ rubber crumb antiagglomerators (AAs) are presented. Tests were conducted at OAO ‘Sintez Kauchuk’, with the AAs introduced at the degassing stage. The new Quantislip AAs, developed by OOO ‘NPP Kvalitet’, ensure a reduction in calcium and chlorine ions in wastewater and in its alkalinity. An improvement in the elastic strength properties of carbon-black-filled vulcanisates based on cis-1,4-polyisoprene (SKI-3) and containing AAs was shown. For the production of SKI-3 rubber, an optimum AA composition – Quantislip of grade BM-2R – was developed. When BM-2R is used, stearic acid, formed in standard rubber with a calcium stearate suspension as AA, is eliminated. The possible mechanism of improvement in the strength properties of carbon-black-filled vulcanisates based on SKI-3 is discussed. This is possibly due to an improvement in rubber–filler interaction as a result of there no longer being any competition between segments of macromolecules and stearic acid for active centres when carbon black is adsorbed on the surface.


2017 ◽  
Vol 44 (11) ◽  
pp. 15-20
Author(s):  
G.V. Moiseevskaya ◽  
G.I. Razd'yakonova ◽  
A.A. Petin

The aim of this work was to produce a new filler for polymers in which a low surface activity is combined with a high degree of structure and functionalisation of the surface, which will bring the processing properties of filled rubber mixes closer to the properties of rubber mixes with channel carbon black. The oxidation of specimens of low-dispersion, highly structured carbon black of grade OMCARB S820 was carried out using aqueous solutions of hydrogen peroxide of different concentration. Using a combination of methods, including X-ray diffraction analysis (D8 Advance diffractometer; Bruker, Germany) and transmission electron microscopy (JEM 2100 electron microscope; JEOL, Japan), we assessed the physicochemical properties and the form and the number of oxygen-containing groups (carboxyl, phenolic, lactone) on the surface of a particle of oxidised S820 in comparison with carbon black K354 (produced by the Khazar Chemical Plant, Turkmenistan) and semi-active furnace black N550 (produced by Omsktekhuglerod). The rheological characteristics (MDR 3000 vibrorheometer and MV 3000 viscometer; MonTech, Germany) and the physicomechanical characteristics (tensometer; Shimadzu, Japan) of rubber mixes filled with these blacks and of rubber compounds based on natural rubber were determined. The dynamic properties of the rubber compounds and the glass transition temperatures were determined on a DMA 242D instrument (Netzsch, Germany). Comparative data on the temperature dependence of the mechanical loss tangent (tg δ)of the rubber compounds showed that at temperatures of −60 and +60°C the greatest differences are possessed by rubber compounds with K354. At intermediate temperatures, the tg δ values for rubber compounds with the different fillers are similar. The new carbon black was advantageous with respect to the strength properties and dynamic characteristics of the rubber compounds, retaining the unique properties of composites filled with channel black.


Author(s):  
Д. Куделин ◽  
D. Kudelin ◽  
Т. Несиоловская ◽  
T. Nesiolovskaya ◽  
А. Ветошкин ◽  
...  

The most important task of the rubber industry is the continuous improvement of the quality, reliability and durability of products, including rubber membranes, which are widely used in the automotive, aviation, machine tool, chemical and other industries. Membranes in most cases are operated in difficult loading conditions, which leads to a variety of zones and the nature of potential damage that occurs during their operation. At the same time, when developing a new rubber compounds for membranes, most often the standard methods for determining the mechanical characteristics of rubbers are used, most of which involve testing the material under simple uniaxial tension-compression and do not take into account structural changes in the material during loading. In this work, a study of structural changes in the membranes under loading in a complex stressed state, which was realized by indenting the rubber membrane with a spherical indenter, was conducted. Structural changes were evaluated by hydrostatic weighing. It has been established that in the complex stressed state of rubber based on crystallizing IR rubber, there is no distinct advantage over rubber based on amorphous SBR rubber. Indentation suppresses orientation processes in rubbers based on IR crystallizing rubber, which leads to a significant decrease in their strength properties.


Author(s):  
O. A. Dulina ◽  
A. D. Tarasenko ◽  
A. M. Bukanov ◽  
A. A. Ilyin

The properties of butadiene-nitrile rubbers obtained by various methods of synthesis and isolation from latex and rubbers based on them were studied in the article. The surface free energy of samples was determined using the Owens, Wendt, Rabel and Kaelble method. It was shown that the surface energy of elastomeric materials is affected 1) by non-rubber components, the content and nature of which are determined by the method of obtaining and isolating rubber from latex and 2) by the number of nitrile groups in the rubber macromolecule. The kinetics of vulcanization of rubber compounds based on the investigated rubbers has been studied. It was shown that rubber compounds based on rubbers containing a residual emulsifier are vulcanized longer. Elastic-strength properties were studied, and it was concluded that rubbers based on butadienenitrile rubbers synthesized by various methods with the same content of bound nitrilacrylic acid have different physico-mechanical properties and cannot be used interchangeably without changing the formulation and technological parameters of their processing.


Author(s):  
А.А. Дьяконов ◽  
С.А. Тапыев ◽  
А.А. Охлопкова ◽  
С.А. Слепцова ◽  
Н.Н. Петрова ◽  
...  

Применение резинотехнических изделий в крайних условиях Севера ставит ряд научно-технических проблем, связанных с их надежностью и безотказностью. Основной причиной выхода из строя техники вовремя эксплуатации при низких отрицательных температурах является потеря работоспособности уплотнительных резин по причине низкой морозостойкости. Одним из способов решения данной проблемы является разработка резиновых смесей на основе двух или более каучуков, обладающих высокимизначениями морозо- и агрессиво- стойкости. В работе приведены результаты исследования эластомеров на основе комбинации изопренового каучука марки СКИ-3 и бутадиен-нитрильного каучука марки БНКС-18. В результате проведённых исследований установлено, что при разных соотношениях каучуков СКИ-3 и БНКС-18 в резиновой смеси происходит изменение упруго-прочностных свойств эластомеров, стойкости к углеводородным средам, модуля упругости, твердости, плотности, остаточной деформации сжатия и износостойкости. При исследовании на дифференциально-сканирующем калориметре были выявлены две температуры стеклования у резин на основе комбинации каучуков. При помощи электронного микроскопа были получены снимки в объеме образцов, на которых наблюдается фазовая морфология резин, которая в зависимости от соотношения каучуков в смеси более характерна для бутадиен-нитрильного или изопренового каучуков. Также отмечено, что поверхность трения резины на основе БНКС-18 обладает наиболее шероховатойструктурой по сравнению с резиной с большим содержанием каучука СКИ-3. The use of rubber products in the extreme conditions of the North creates a number of scientific and technical problems associated with their trustworthiness and reliability. The main reason of equipment failure during operation at low negative temperatures is the performance loss of sealing rubbers due to low frost resistance. One of the ways to solve this problem is the development of rubber compounds based on two or more types of rubber with high values ​​of frost and aggression resistance. This article presents research results of elastomers based on a combination of isoprene rubber IR and nitrile butadiene rubber NBR. As a result, it was discovered that at different ratios of IR and NBR rubbers in a rubber compound, there is a change in the elastic-strength properties of elastomers, resistance to hydrocarbon media, elastic modulus, hardness, density, residual compression deformation and wear resistance. In the research of differential scanning calorimeter, two glass transition temperatures were identified as rubbers based on a combination of rubber. Using electronic microscope, images were obtained in the volume of samples, which is the phase morphology of rubbers is observed, which is depending on ratio of rubber in the mixture is more specific for nitrile butadiene or isoprene rubber. It was also noted that the friction surface of rubber based on NBR has the roughest structure compared to rubber with a high content of IR rubber.


2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (3.18) ◽  
pp. 26
Author(s):  
Norazzlina M.Sa’don ◽  
Abdul Razak Abdul Karim ◽  
Siti Noor Linda Taib ◽  
Mahshuri Yusof

This paper presents an investigation of the strength improvement of reinforced peat by using the fiber reinforcement techniques of the lightweight waste material, i.e., tire-waste disposal. The fiber-polyester and shredded rubber crumb are extracted and process for the collected tire-waste disposal. In this study, the fiber-polyester and shredded rubber-crumb are mixed with peat (Pt), with undrained shear strength, cu of <10 kPa and 5 % cement content, which act as a binder. The peat samples are mixed at various percentages of fiber-polyester and shredded rubber-crumb. The compacted fiber-reinforced peat samples were prepared at optimum moisture content, mixes thoroughly to a uniform condition by laboratory mixer and air cured for 7 and 28 days in a single batch. The strength improvement of undrained shear strength, cu of >100 kPa is targeted at minimal percentages of cement added. The Unconfined Compression Strength (UCS) and California Bearing Ratio (CBR) tests are performed for determination of the engineering properties of fiber-reinforced peat. Based on the results obtained, one can be seen that both fiber-polyester and shredded rubber crumb shows an increment in unconfined compressive strength value of 214 kPa and 55 kPa, respectively. In summary, the study shown that, the inclusion of fiber-polyester and shredded rubber-crumb from tire-waste disposal increased the effective contact area between reinforced material and peat, which then improved the strength significantly, and the used of tire-waste disposal for the construction may not only provide the alternative mean of recycling and reusing, however, it also addressed economic and environmental concerns and reduce construction cost by making the best use of locally available materials.  


2021 ◽  
Vol 899 ◽  
pp. 239-244
Author(s):  
Larisa Yuryevna Zakirova

The article investigates the effect of vulcanizing systems of different activity on the vulcanization and elastic-strength properties of rubber compounds based on ethylene-propylene rubber Keltan . Were taken vulcanizing systems: a mixture of organic peroxide, sulfur and sulfenamide accelerator (1); a mixture of organic peroxide, sulfur and dithiodimorpholine (2); a mixture of organic peroxide, sulfur and thiuram accelerator (3); sulfur and sulfenamide accelerator (4). The vulcanization characteristics (maximum and minimum torques; times of onset, optimum and reaching the maximum speed of vulcanization) were evaluated. Elastic-strength (conditional tensile strength, elongation at break, hardness) properties of rubber compounds and operational (changes in conditional tensile strength, elongation at break after aging in air) were determined. It was found that the vulcanizing system (3) containing sulfur, peroxide in an amount of 7.0 parts by weight and thiuram accelerator imparts the best elastic and strength properties to rubber compounds and leads to their resistance to high temperatures.


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