scholarly journals THE INFLUENCE OF THE METHOD OF RUBBER ISOLATION FROM LATEX ON THE PROPERTIES OF ELASTOMERIC MATERIALS BASED ON BUTADIENE-NITRILE RUBBERS

2017 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 85-90 ◽  
Author(s):  
O. A. Dulina ◽  
A. D. Tarasenko ◽  
A. M. Bukanov ◽  
A. A. Ilyin
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Free Energy ◽  
Strength Properties ◽  
Technological Parameters ◽  
Rubber Compounds ◽  
Elastomeric Materials ◽  
Methods Of Synthesis ◽  
Nitrile Rubbers ◽  
Kinetics Of ◽  
Kinetics Of Vulcanization

The properties of butadiene-nitrile rubbers obtained by various methods of synthesis and isolation from latex and rubbers based on them were studied in the article. The surface free energy of samples was determined using the Owens, Wendt, Rabel and Kaelble method. It was shown that the surface energy of elastomeric materials is affected 1) by non-rubber components, the content and nature of which are determined by the method of obtaining and isolating rubber from latex and 2) by the number of nitrile groups in the rubber macromolecule. The kinetics of vulcanization of rubber compounds based on the investigated rubbers has been studied. It was shown that rubber compounds based on rubbers containing a residual emulsifier are vulcanized longer. Elastic-strength properties were studied, and it was concluded that rubbers based on butadienenitrile rubbers synthesized by various methods with the same content of bound nitrilacrylic acid have different physico-mechanical properties and cannot be used interchangeably without changing the formulation and technological parameters of their processing.

scholarly journals RESEARCH OF PHYSICAL AND MECHANICAL PROPERTIES OF WOOD-FIBER MATERIALS

2020 ◽  
pp. 451-457
Author(s):  
Aleksandr Yur'yevich Vititnev ◽  
Yuriy Davydovich Alashkevich ◽  
Natal'ya Geral'dovna Chistova ◽  
Roman Aleksandrovich Marchenko ◽  
Venera Nurullovna Matygullina
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Wood Fiber ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Physical And Mechanical Properties ◽  
Production Method ◽  
Strength Properties ◽  
Grinding Process ◽  
Technological Parameters ◽  
Fiber Materials ◽  
Traditional Construction

This paper presents the results of experimental studies of the physical and mechanical properties of wood-fiber boards of the wet production method when regulating the design and technological parameters of the grinding process. This allowed us to determine the influence of the working clearance between the grinding discs and the concentration of fibre mass with the subject to of quality change wood fiber after defibrator using the developed construction of the disc fibrillation action on the physico-mechanical properties of boards. As a result of the experiment, regression models were obtained that adequately describe the studied grinding process and allow predicting the values of physical and mechanical properties of the finished product depending on the established  parameters process. A comparative analysis of the size and quality characteristics of the fiber semi-finished product and its fractional composition when using a developed construction the disc of refiner fibrillation action and a traditional design used in industry is carried out. The preferential efficiency of the grinding process under the fibrillating effect the disc of refiner in comparison with the traditional construction disc of refiner is established. As a result, there is a significant improvement in the quality indicators of the fiber semi-finished product and its composition due to the formation and predominance in the total mass of long and thin, respectively, flexible fibrillated fibers with high tile-forming properties, which allows to increase the strength properties of the product (by 20–25%), without using binding resins.

Studies in the Vulcanization of Rubber. IV—A Theory of Vulcanization of Rubber

1930 ◽  
Vol 3 (4) ◽  
pp. 659-667
Author(s):  
G. R. Boggs ◽  
J. T. Blake
Keyword(s):  
Electrical Properties ◽  
Joule Effect ◽  
Vulcanized Rubber ◽  
Chemical Theory ◽  
Rubber Compounds ◽  
Kinetics Of ◽  
Kinetics Of Vulcanization

Abstract A new theory has been advanced which, it is believed, explains completely the various phenomena connected with the vulcanization of rubber. It is entirely a chemical theory based on the existence of two separate and distinct rubber compounds, soft vulcanized rubber and ebonite. The theory explains satisfactorily the aging of rubber, the variation in combined sulfur at optimum cure caused by acceleration, the kinetics of vulcanization, the characteristics of various vulcanizing agents, the thermochemistry of vulcanization, the electrical properties of rubber, the reclaiming of rubber, and the Joule effect. A brief review and discussion of the phenomena and past theories of vulcanization have also been given.

SERINOL DERIVATIVES FOR THE SUSTAINABLE VULCANIZATION OF DIENE ELASTOMERS

2018 ◽  
Vol 91 (4) ◽  
pp. 701-718 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vincenzina Barbera ◽  
Sara Musto ◽  
Giuseppe Infortuna ◽  
Valeria Cipolletti ◽  
Attilio Citterio ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Natural Rubber ◽  
Building Block ◽  
Induction Time ◽  
High Selectivity ◽  
Rubber Compounds ◽  
Aldehydes And Ketones ◽  
Diene Rubbers ◽  
Kinetics Of ◽  
Derivatives Of ◽  
Kinetics Of Vulcanization

ABSTRACT 2-amino-1,3-propandiol (serinol) was used as the starting building block of synthetic pathways that led to the preparation of innovative chemicals suitable as ingredients for rubber compounds. Serinol based reactions were performed in the frame of a sustainable process, in the absence of any solvent and catalyst, with aldehydes and ketones, such as acetone, cinnamaldehyde and camphor. The synthesis of either imines or oxazolidines was obtained with high selectivity. Serinol, imine and oxazolidine derivatives of serinol were used as accelerator for the vulcanization of diene rubbers. They were proved to be efficient secondary accelerators in silica based compounds based on poly(styrene-co-butadiene) in place of diphenyl guanidine. The kinetics of vulcanization was investigated for natural rubber based compounds in the absence of any filler. With respect to serinol, the imine derivatives were able to enhance the induction time of vulcanization and to afford a similar vulcanization rate.

Pyrogenic Silica as a Filler for Elastomeric Materials

2007 ◽  
Vol 34 (7) ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
W. Michel
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Carbon Black ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Active Filler ◽  
Rubber Compounds ◽  
Trade Name ◽  
Pyrogenic Silica ◽  
Elastomeric Materials ◽  
Sulfur Containing

Carbon black has been the most important active filler in rubber technology for decades. In recent years, however, the use of silica to produce rubber compounds has been on the increase. In combination with sulfur-containing silanes (e.g. TESP, bis(triethoxysilylpropyl) tetrasulfane, trade name SI69), precipitated silicas now have an established place among the raw materials for the production of abrasion-resistant, elastic and fatigue-resistant elastomeric materials. Less well known, however, is the use of silica products produced by flame hydrolysis, such as Aerosil, which can significantly improve the mechanical properties of many elastomer formulations.

scholarly journals THE INFLUENCE OF RESIDUE EMULSIFIER AMOUNTS ON PROPERTIES OF NITRILE RUBBERS AND ELASTOMERIC MATERIALS BASED ON THEM

2018 ◽  
Vol 13 (5) ◽  
pp. 58-66
Author(s):  
A. O. Evdokimov ◽  
A. M. Bukanov ◽  
L. R. Lyusova ◽  
A. V. Petrogradsky
Keyword(s):  
Stearic Acid ◽  
Measurement Accuracy ◽  
Mechanical Performance ◽  
Processing Parameters ◽  
Model Compounds ◽  
Polar Solvents ◽  
Rubber Compounds ◽  
Elastomeric Materials ◽  
Key Factor ◽  
Nitrile Rubbers

The paper considers the properties of a number of commercially available Russian nitrilebutadiene rubbers (NBR) containing approximately the equal acrylonitrile amount (from 26 to 33%) in the macromolecule, but differing in the method of synthesis and isolation. The assessment ofthe influence of residual emulsifier content and also such surfactants as rosin and stearic acid introduced as technological additives on some NBR properties was performed. The technological properties of model compounds based on these NBR, in particular, Mooney viscosity, minimal and maximal torques during curing, and scorching time were determined. It was shown that both residual emulsifier amounts and introduced surfactants decrease the viscosity of the compounds and increase the curing time. It was noted that rosin acts in a different manner in comparison with stearic acid. In particular, stearic acid acting as an interstructural plasticizer affects viscosity decrease in a greater degree. The mechanical performance of vulcanizatesbased on rubber compounds considered in the paper was also determined. It was shown that the surfactants effect on the mechanical properties is negligible and is within the measurement accuracy. Nevertheless, the NBRs obtained with various emulsifiers differ essentially and can’t be replaceable without revising both the rubber compounds recipes and processing parameters. The vulcanizates resistance to some organic solvents and water was also studied. It was shown that the acrylonitrile content in the rubber macromolecule is the key factor affecting the resistance to non-polar solvents. At the same time it was found that the vulcanizates containing residual emulsifier amounts tend to the swelling index increase. In general, the surfactants effect on the swelling index is ambiguous, and it requires deeper research.

scholarly journals Effect Of Technological Parameters Of Production Of Tfp Preforms Of Gas Turbine Engine Blades On Their Physical And Mechanical Properties

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (5) ◽  
pp. 56-64
Author(s):  
Orlov Maksim Andreyevich Et al.
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Carbon Fiber ◽  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Physical And Mechanical Properties ◽  
Gas Turbine Engine ◽  
Strength Properties ◽  
Technological Parameters ◽  
Turbine Engine ◽  
Reinforced Plastics ◽  
Fiber Reinforced Plastics

The article discusses the features of the destruction of carbon fiber reinforced plastics on the basis of tfp-preforms produced using various stitching mode parameters, and provides for studies of their physical and mechanical properties and structure. The effect of the carbon fiber laying density and the piercing step of the aramid yarn on the elastic-strength properties of composites is shown. The optimal technological parameters for creating tfp-preforms of gas turbine engine blades were chosen.

INFLUENCE OF DIANILINE CROSS-LINKING SYSTEMS ON THE STRUCTURE, CURING MECHANISM, AND PROPERTIES OF POLYACRYLICESTER ELASTOMER

2018 ◽  
Vol 91 (4) ◽  
pp. 729-750 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tuhin Saha ◽  
Anil K. Bhowmick ◽  
Takeshi Oda ◽  
Toshiaki Miyauchi ◽  
Nobuhiko Fujii
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Photoelectron Spectroscopy ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Density Functional ◽  
Functional Theory ◽  
Spectroscopic Analyses ◽  
Curing Mechanism ◽  
Temperature Superposition ◽  
Kinetics Of ◽  
Kinetics Of Vulcanization

ABSTRACT To develop high-performance polyacrylicester (ACM) elastomeric components with higher scorch safety and superior thermal and mechanical properties, we replaced aliphatic diamine curatives with aromatic dianiline curatives. The influence of dianiline curatives 4,4′-(4,4′-isopropylidenediphenyl-1,1′-diyldioxy)dianiline, 4,4′-(hexafluoroisopropylidene)bis(p-phenyleneoxy)dianiline, and 4,4′-(1,1′-biphenyl-4,4′-diyldioxy)dianiline on the network structures and thermal, dynamic mechanical, and mechanical properties of ACM vulcanizates was investigated. The kinetics of vulcanization was analyzed for different dianiline curatives, with the use of rheometer curves. To understand the electronic properties and study the relation between chemical structure and reactivity, density functional theory was used. The time–temperature superposition principal was used to evaluate the activation energy for degradation of cross-linked samples. Finally, the curing mechanism of ACM in the presence of dianiline curative was studied with X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. These spectroscopic analyses suggested that the reaction mechanism took place via two steps: the first step was formation of the amide linkage and the second step was formation of imide linkages.

Oil and Petrol Resistant Thermoplastic Vulcanizations Based on ABS-Plastic Mixture with Copolymer Butadiene and Acrylonitrile

2019 ◽  
Vol 816 ◽  
pp. 192-196
Author(s):  
Alsou D. Nasertdinova ◽  
A.D. Dementev ◽  
A.D. Khusainov ◽  
Svetoslav Isaakovich Volfson
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Phenol Formaldehyde ◽  
Strength Properties ◽  
Phenol Formaldehyde Resin ◽  
Formaldehyde Resin ◽  
Butadiene Rubber ◽  
Dynamic Vulcanization ◽  
Alkyl Phenol ◽  
Rubber Compounds ◽  
Thermoplastic Vulcanizates

The effect of the type and dosage of sulfur and resin (alkyl phenol formaldehyde resin grade SP - 1045) vulcanizing systems on the oil and petrol resistance and elastic strength properties of thermoplastic vulcanizates (TPV) obtained on the basis of nitrile-butadiene rubber and ABS-plastic, with a ratio of 70/30 respectively has been studied. In the course of studies of vulcanization characteristics, it was found that with an increase in the content of the vulcanizing system, the rate of vulcanization increases both during the vulcanization of rubber compounds and during dynamic vulcanization. The physic-mechanical properties of the TPV obtained indicate that with a fascination for the content of the vulcanizing system, the elastic-strength properties and the oil and petrol resistance of the TPV are also increased.

scholarly journals Processing and Properties of Fire Resistant EPDM Rubber-Based Ceramifiable Composites

2017 ◽  
Vol 36 (10) ◽  
pp. 963-969 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rafał Anyszka ◽  
Dariusz M. Bieliński ◽  
Zbigniew Pędzich ◽  
Magdalena Zarzecka-Napierała ◽  
Mateusz Imiela ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Rubber Matrix ◽  
Dicumyl Peroxide ◽  
Mineral Phase ◽  
Epdm Rubber ◽  
Optimal Amount ◽  
Point Temperature ◽  
Kinetics Of ◽  
Kinetics Of Vulcanization

AbstractLow softening point temperature glassy frit, reinforcing silica, wollastonite and dicumyl peroxide were incorporated into ethylene-propylene-diene (EPDM) rubber matrix in different amounts in order to obtain ceramifiable composites. Kinetics of vulcanization of the mixes was measured. Mechanical properties, micromorphology, thermal properties and combustibility of the vulcanizates were studied as well as compression strength of the ceramic residue obtained after heat treatment. Studies show that optimal amount of glassy frit from the point of view of ceramification effectiveness in dispersed mineral phase is 40 % wt.

Effect of nickel on formation of transition layer during liquid-phase aluminizing of titanium

2020 ◽  
pp. 313-317
Author(s):  
A.I. Kovtunov ◽  
Yu.Yu. Khokhlov ◽  
S.V. Myamin
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Liquid Phase ◽  
Intermetallic Layer ◽  
Reaction Diffusion ◽  
Strength Properties ◽  
Effect Of Temperature ◽  
Nickel Concentration ◽  
Aluminum Melt ◽  
Titanium Aluminum ◽  
Titanium Foam

Titanium—aluminum, titanium—foam aluminum composites and bimetals obtained by liquid-phase methods, are increasingly used in industry. At the liquid-phase methods as result of the reaction diffusion of titanium and aluminum is formed transitional intermetallic layer at the phase boundary of the composite, which reduces the mechanical properties of titanium and composite. To reduce the growth rate of the intermetallic layer between the layers of the composite and increase its mechanical properties, it is proposed to alloy aluminum melt with nickel. The studies of the interaction of titanium and molten aluminum alloyed with nickel made it possible to establish the effect of temperature and aluminizing time on the thickness, chemical and phase compositions of the transition intermetallic layer. The tests showed the effect of the temperature of the aluminum melt, the nickel concentration on the strength properties of titanium—aluminum bimetal.

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