New, Highly Structured Carbon Black of the OMCARB Series for Reducing the Hysteresis in Rubber. Part 1. Features of the Structure and Properties of Carbon Black

2016 ◽  
Vol 43 (12) ◽  
pp. 17-22
Author(s):  
G.V. Moiseevskaya ◽  
G.I. Razd'yakonova ◽  
A.A. Petin ◽  
E.A. Strizhak
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Black ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Morphological Characteristics ◽  
Structural Data ◽  
Structure And Properties ◽  
Elastomeric Materials ◽  
Rubber Part ◽  
Average Size ◽  
Branched Structure ◽  
And Chemical Properties

The aim of this work was to study the properties of carbon black CH85 of the OMCARB series and to compare them with the properties of standard carbon blacks N339 and N234. The morphological characteristics, the size distribution of the globules and aggregates, the surface area, the proportion of micropore area, the degree of branching of aggregates, and also the mechanical and chemical properties were measured and calculated. The average size of the aggregates of CH85 is greater than that of N339 and N234, and the aggregates have a more open and branched structure. The iodine adsorption by CH85 is practically the same as that by N339 and lower than that by N234. The low-hysteresis index calculated on the basis of structural data is much better for CH85. This opens up the possibility of using this type of carbon black for the development of elastomeric materials with low hysteresis.

scholarly journals Assessment of Graphene Oxide and Nanoclay Based Hybrid Filler in Chlorobutyl-Natural Rubber Blend for Advanced Gas Barrier Applications

Nanomaterials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (5) ◽  
pp. 1098
Author(s):  
Jibin Keloth Paduvilan ◽  
Prajitha Velayudhan ◽  
Ashin Amanulla ◽  
Hanna Joseph Maria ◽  
Allisson Saiter-Fourcin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Graphene Oxide ◽  
Carbon Black ◽  
Natural Rubber ◽  
Gas Permeability ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Barrier Properties ◽  
Hybrid Filler ◽  
Physical And Chemical ◽  
Chlorobutyl Rubber ◽  
And Chemical Properties

Nanomaterials have engaged response from the scientific world in recent decades due to their exceptional physical and chemical properties counter to their bulk. They have been widely used in a polymer matrix to improve mechanical, thermal, barrier, electronic and chemical properties. In rubber nanocomposites, nanofillers dispersion and the interfacial adhesion between polymer and fillers influences the composites factual properties. In the present work, a comparison of the hybrid effects of carbon black with two different nanofillers (graphene oxide and nanoclay) was studied. The 70/30 composition of chlorobutyl rubber/natural rubber elastomer blend was taken as per the blend composition optimized from our previous studies. The hybrid effects of graphene oxide and nanoclay in dispersing the nanofillers were studied mainly by analyzing nanocomposite barrier properties. The results confirm that the combined effect of carbon black with graphene oxide and nanoclay could create hybrid effects in decreasing the gas permeability. The prepared nanocomposites which partially replace the expensive chlorobutyl rubber can be used for tyre inner liner application. Additionally, the reduction in the amount of carbon black in the nanocomposite can be an added advantage of considering the environmental and economic factors.

scholarly journals Synthesis and Characterization of Zirconium Nitride Nanopowders by Internal Gelation and Carbothermic Nitridation

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Shijiao Zhao ◽  
Jingtao Ma ◽  
Rui Xu ◽  
Xuping Lin ◽  
Xing Cheng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Black ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Phase Evolution ◽  
Zirconium Nitride ◽  
Molar Ratio ◽  
Nitridation Process ◽  
Zirconium Compounds ◽  
Physical And Chemical ◽  
And Chemical Properties

AbstractZirconium compounds has been widely attention over the last decades due to its excellent physical and chemical properties. Zirconium nitride nanopowders were synthesized via a simple direct carbothermic nitridation process of internal gel derived zirconia in the presence of nano-sized carbon black. The effects of reaction temperature, dwell time and molar ratio of carbon black to Zr (C/Zr) on the phase composition, grain size and crystal parameters of products were studied. Based upon the analysis of crystallite phase evolution and microstructure characterization, it was found that zirconium oxynitride is intermediate product and then O atoms in oxynitride were extracted by oxygen getter, carbon black. Anion sites were directly replaced by N atoms to form rock-salt type nitride in carbothermic nitridation process.

scholarly journals Comparative Analysis of Structure and Properties of Stereoscopic Cocoon and Flat Cocoon

2021 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Bin Zhou ◽  
Huiling Wang ◽  
Hongtao Zhou ◽  
Ke Wang ◽  
Shudong Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Morphological Characteristics ◽  
Morphological Structure ◽  
Variable Structure ◽  
Fiber Fineness ◽  
The Common ◽  
Physical And Chemical ◽  
Structure And Functions ◽  
And Chemical Properties

Abstract Cocoon is a kind of natural biopolymer material with reasonable structure and various functions. However, its structure and functions are often destroyed in practical application. In this study, we took common Bombyx Mori as the research object, and provided different cocooning sites for single or multiple silkworms to construct common stereoscopic cocoons (“normal cocoons” [NC]) and flat cocoons (“single-silkworm flat cocoons” [SFC] and “multi-silkworm flat cocoons” [MFC]), respectively, and compared the morphological structure and basic properties of these cocoons. The study found that the flat cocoons have similar multi-layered variable structure and characteristics compared to those of the common cocoons; also, morphological characteristics and physical and chemical properties of silk fiber from outer layer to inner layer, such as sericin content, fiber fineness, and change rule of basic mechanical properties, are completely consistent with those of the common cocoons. It can be considered that the flat cocoons are constructed by silkworms in the same “procedural” process as that of common cocoons. Due to the expansion of cocooning space, the mechanical properties of fibers are significantly improved. By controlling the size of the cocooning space or the quantity of silkworms cocooning simultaneously, and the time of spinning, a cocoon material with controllable thickness, weight per square meter, porosity, and number of cocoon layers can be obtained as a composite material for direct application.

Structure and properties of 2-[(E)-2-(4-dipropylaminophenyl)-1-ethenyl]-1,3,3-trimethyl-3H-indolium chloride

2013 ◽  
Vol 67 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Martina Lešková ◽  
Yaroslav Bazel ◽  
Marcel Torok ◽  
Yaroslav Studenyak
Keyword(s):  
Theoretical Study ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Molar Absorptivity ◽  
Structure And Properties ◽  
Acid Base ◽  
Analytical Wavelength ◽  
Styryl Dye ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Charged Form ◽  
And Chemical Properties

AbstractThe structure of styryl dye, 2-[(E)-2-(4-dipropylaminophenyl)-1-ethenyl]-1,3,3-trimethyl-3H-indolium chloride (I), was investigated using methods such as UV-VIS, fluorescence spectroscopy, and NMR (1H, 13C, APT, HMQC, COSY) and also by examining its electrochemical properties. A study of the acid-base properties revealed the existence of three different forms of the dye. The mechanisms of protolysis and hydrolysis are discussed. The reagent exists in a reactive single-charged form I + over a wide range of acidity (pH 4–11). The optimum analytical wavelength of the singlecharged form is 550 nm, where the molar absorptivity is 5.51 × 104 L mol−1 cm−1. The values of the optimum analytical wavelength and molar absorptivity of the protolysed and hydrolysed forms are: λ max(I-H2+) = 380 nm, ɛ(I-H2+) = 2.01 × 104 L mol−1 cm−1; λ max(I-OH) = 320 nm, ɛ(I-OH) = 1.12 × 104 L mol−1 cm−1. A theoretical study of the spectral and chemical properties of I was carried out by performing quantum chemical calculations.

The Structure and Properties of Some Urons and Thiourons

1969 ◽  
Vol 39 (2) ◽  
pp. 140-147 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. D. Egginton ◽  
C. P. Vale
Keyword(s):  
Nmr Spectroscopy ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Physical And Chemical Properties ◽  
Structure And Properties ◽  
Physical And Chemical ◽  
And Chemical Properties

A number of compounds containing the uron ring have been synthesized and their structures confirmed using nmr spectroscopy. Analogous compounds containing a thiouron ring derived from thiourea have also been prepared and similarly examined. The physical and chemical properties of these compounds have been studied. A number of them have been examined as bases for crease-resistant textile treatment.

scholarly journals Pepsinogen and Pepsin

1962 ◽  
Vol 45 (4) ◽  
pp. 57-76 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roger M. Herriott
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Protein Chain ◽  
Physical And Chemical Properties ◽  
Structure And Properties ◽  
Profound Change ◽  
Pepsinogen A ◽  
Close Proximity ◽  
Unique Manner ◽  
Physical And Chemical ◽  
And Chemical Properties

Evidence relating to the structure and properties of swine pepsinogen and pepsin has been reviewed and used to suggest a tentative two dimensional picture of the skeleton of these two proteins. When pepsinogen, a folded single peptide chain, is converted to pepsin, there is a profound change in the physical and chemical properties of the protein. In an as yet unknown manner, except that it is initiated by a peptic cleavage of the protein chain, a single enzymic site is formed. This site is made up, quite probably, of the secondary carboxyl group of glutamic acid or of aspartic acid and a tyrosine phenol group in close proximity so that they can form hydrogen or hydrophobic bonds with the substrate in some unique manner that permits hydrolysis to occur at an accelerated rate.

scholarly journals Pineapple Leaf Fibers (PALF)/ Polyethylene Terephthalate (PET) Electrospun Nanofibers: Effect of Ratio on Chemical & Morphological Properties

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 5631-5638
Keyword(s):  
Polyethylene Terephthalate ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Electrospun Nanofibers ◽  
Morphological Properties ◽  
Optimum Parameters ◽  
Ftir Studies ◽  
Diameter Range ◽  
Average Size ◽  
And Chemical Properties

Nanofibers capabilities in produced small materials up to nanoscale dimension, making them the perfect fundamental materials that can help improving the effectiveness of many applications. In this study, the properties of PALF/PET electrospun mats were studied. Different ratio of PALF/PET were electrospin to determine the optimum parameters for fabricating electrospun PALF/PET with minimum defect. The sample obtained were then characterized for its morphology and chemical properties. FTIR studies were done to understand the interaction occurred between PALF and PET with increasing PALF ratio. From the FTIR result, increasing PALF showed similarities spectra with raw PALF peak at 1100cm-1 indicating the influence of PALF in the fibers. This peak did not appear at low PALF content. The obtaining electrospun mats were observed under FESEM to characterize their morphological properties. Increasing in PALF ratio also attributes to the decreasing of size diameter and diameter range. From the result, PALFPET4 shows the smoother morphology with linear properties and smaller average size diameter.

scholarly journals Comparative analysis of Hungarian Matricaria recutita (L.) Rausch. populations

2003 ◽  
Vol 9 (3-4) ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Sztefanov ◽  
K. Szabó ◽  
J. Bernáth
Keyword(s):  
World Wide ◽  
Ph Value ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Morphological Characteristics ◽  
Average Height ◽  
Matricaria Recutita ◽  
Geographical Regions ◽  
Flavonoid Composition ◽  
Hungarian Plain ◽  
And Chemical Properties

Matricaria recutita L. is a traditional medicinal plant in Hungary and its drug is known as „Hungaricum", world-wide. Plant samples and seeds were collected from 12 different habitats of three significant geographical regions of Hungary in 2001. Morphological, production biological and chemical properties of samples were examined. In relation to the morphological characteristics, a negative correlation (r= -0.75) could be observed between the average height of the plants (height of flowering shoots) and the pH value of the soil. According to the composition of the essential oil, the populations accumulating typically chamasulene (10-20%), a-bisabolol (30-50%) or bisabolol-oxid (30-50%) could be completely distinguished. Concerning the flavonoid composition the quantity of apigenin-7-glucoside was outstanding in the populations originating from the Great Hungarian Plain, it has reached the concentration of 1.8-2.8 mg/g, while the samples collected in Transdanubia could be characterised by much lower level of apigenin-7-glucoside (around 1.5 mg/g).

Using Granulate Composites with Calcined Phosphogypsum and Pet Additive in Asphalting

2022 ◽  
Vol 1049 ◽  
pp. 257-265
Author(s):  
Pavel Borisovich Razgovorov ◽  
Аleksey A. Ignatiev ◽  
Valeriy Michailovich Gotovtsev ◽  
Elena Aleksandrovna Vlasova
Keyword(s):  
Polyethylene Terephthalate ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Crushed Rock ◽  
Great Promise ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Average Size ◽  
Tropical Climates ◽  
Physical And Chemical ◽  
And Chemical Properties

The paper discusses the change of phosphogypsum surface state produced by Apatit (Cherepovetsky branch, Vologda region) during calcination at 298-1173 K. The authors have determined the average size of its crystallites and studied the atomic composition of raw materials and finished composites that include crushed rock fraction (5-10 mm), oil bitumen, and polyethylene terephthalate additive (1.0-1.2 wt. %). The compounds present in calcined phosphogypsum have been analyzed by X-ray diffraction. The granulate was obtained by pelletizing phosphogypsum with a mixture of the above components. The paper presents the assessment of its physical and chemical properties. The granulated composites based on the specified samples of calcined phosphogypsum, bitumen, and melted polyethylene terephthalate waste show great promise for construction road works in European countries in summer and winter, as well as countries with tropical climates.

scholarly journals Effect of Cr Layer on the Structure and Properties of Cr/DLC Films

2016 ◽  
Vol 18 (4) ◽  
pp. 275
Author(s):  
Xiaohong Jiang ◽  
A.V. Rogachev ◽  
D.G. Piliptsou
Keyword(s):  
Crystal Surface ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Carbon Films ◽  
Substantial Improvement ◽  
Structure And Properties ◽  
Double Crystal ◽  
Angle Measurements ◽  
Contact Angle Measurements ◽  
Arc Deposition ◽  
And Chemical Properties

This paper focuses on the Cr interlayer effect on the structure and properties of Cr/DLC films. To improve structural, mechanical and chemical properties of a-C films, we developed two layer chromium-carbon films produced by cathode magnetic filtered arc deposition. Microstructure and properties of these films are explained depending on the Cr-interlayer size. The structure is analyzed by Raman spectroscopy. Moreover, we also estimated residual stress, the friction coefficient, hardness, the elastic modulus and corrosion parameters by X-ray double crystal surface profilometry, tribotesting, nanoindenter-testing, as well as contact angle measurements and potentiodynamic polarization analysis. As a result of the comparative analysis, we revealed a substantial improvement in the characteristics of the produced two layer films. The results provide theoretical basis for the application of these films.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document