scholarly journals Short-term rentals as a new urban frontier – evidence from European cities

2021 ◽  
Vol 53 (7) ◽  
pp. 1601-1608
Author(s):  
Agustin Cocola-Gant ◽  
Angela Hof ◽  
Christian Smigiel ◽  
Ismael Yrigoy
Keyword(s):  
Political Economy ◽  
Business Model ◽  
Sharing Economy ◽  
Professional Activity ◽  
Special Issue ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Digital Platforms ◽  
European Cities ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Spatial Impacts

Papers in this special issue offer a wide range of political economy and sociological perspectives to explain the development and impacts of short-term rentals (STRs) in European cities. Empirically, they provide insights regarding STR providers, socio-spatial impacts, and regulation. Authors reveal the professionalization of the sector vis-à-vis the connection between STRs and the wider financialization of housing. STRs are predominantly supplied by professional property managers as well as by middle-class individuals for which renting on digital platforms is their main professional activity. Furthermore, the increasing professionalization of hosts and the intrinsic competition among them is largely stimulated by the business model of digital platforms which has progressively favoured professional operators. Understanding how STRs are shaped by platform capitalism helps to explain the socio-spatial impacts of this market as well as why current regulations have not mitigated such impacts. In terms of impacts, contributions to this special issue document processes of displacement, gentrification, and how the penetration of visitors in neighbourhoods is experienced by residents as a process of loss and dispossession. However, due to the lobbying campaigns of professional operators and industry players, regulation has led to the legitimization of this new market rather than to the limitation of the activity. Therefore, the special issue challenges the use of a ‘sharing economy' and ‘peer-to-peer platforms’ as analytical categories, and, instead, provides evidence of why the STR market should be seen as part of the wider expansion of platform capitalism, consolidating the neoliberal and financialized urban paradigm.

O Direito do Trabalho (des)conectado nas plataformas digitais

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 246-266
Author(s):  
Murilo Carvalho Sampaio Oliveira
Keyword(s):  
Social Relationships ◽  
Business Model ◽  
Economic Condition ◽  
Labor Law ◽  
Sharing Economy ◽  
Digital Economy ◽  
Business Activity ◽  
Digital Platforms ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Conditions Of Work

RESUMO:Este artigo trata dos impactos das plataformas digitais no Direito do Trabalho, tomando como exemplo sintomático o padrão da plataforma Uber. Inicia discutindo o cenário da economia digital e suas transformações nos modos de organizar a atividade empresarial, caracterizando a disrupção destas tecnologias e examinando criticamente se tais inovações situam-se realmente no discurso de economia do compartilhamento. Adiante, aborda as condições fáticas das plataformas de trabalho, questionando a dimensão formal-jurídica de liberdade e a condição econômica de hipossuficiência. Examina o caso da Uber como paradigma do modelo de organização empresarial desta economia digital e a situação dos seus motoristas tidos como parceiros para, ao final, pontuar algumas conclusões a cerca da necessidade do Direito Trabalho estar conectado com essas novas relações sociaisABSTRACT:This article deals with the impact of digital platforms in Labor Law, taking as a symptomatic example the standards of the Uber platform. It begins by discussing the the digital economy scenario and its transformations in the way business activity organize itself, characterizing the disruption of these technologies and critically examining whether such innovations are really part of the sharing economy speech. Hereinafter, it addresses the factual conditions of work platforms, questioning the formal-legal dimension of freedom and the economic condition of hypo-sufficiency. It examines the case of Uber as a paradigm of a business model organization in the digital economy and the situation of its drivers, taken as partners in order to, in the end of it, point some conclusions about the need of Labor Law to be connected with these new social relationships.

scholarly journals Professional Education in The Post – Industrial Economy : Challenges of Digital Transformation

2019 ◽  
pp. 19-33
Author(s):  
E. S. Sadovaya
Keyword(s):  
Vocational Education ◽  
Professional Education ◽  
Business Processes ◽  
Technological Development ◽  
Cognitive Activity ◽  
Professional Activity ◽  
High Tech ◽  
Digital Platforms ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Main Factors

The article analyses the development trends of professional education in the context of global shifts taking place in the modern economy due to its technological development. The transfer of business processes to the digital environment leads to a radical reformatting of the entire sphere of labor, a change in its quality, as well as forms of interaction between people in the production of goods and services. The author identifies the main factors that have a decisive influence on the evolution of the professional activity of the person, radically changing the requirements for the professional education system, both in terms of its content, and methods of getting it. The main factors of the ongoing transformations, according to the author, include the rapid spread of digital platforms, replacing the traditional sectors of the economy, and the automation of cognitive activity based on the algorithmic repetition of a certain set of actions. Analyzing the effect of these factors, the author notes their contradictory effect on the sphere of professional employment and vocational education, comes to the conclusion that it is necessary to radically change the very paradigm of the development of vocational education, implement non-trivial organizational decisions in the process of transforming its institutional infrastructure. The article emphasizes that professional education in modern conditions is becoming not just a connecting link between the labor market and a person, but it is the beginning to fulfill a wide range of social functions. This is especially important in the context of a reduction in the scope of labor in the high-tech digital economy.

Reorienting the sharing economy for social benefit: the nonprofit digital platform business model

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Rubén Mancha ◽  
David Nersessian ◽  
John Marthinsen
Keyword(s):  
Business Model ◽  
Free Market ◽  
Sharing Economy ◽  
Social Value ◽  
Market Forces ◽  
Negative Externalities ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Digital Platforms ◽  
Digital Platform ◽  
For Profit

Purpose Digital platforms enable the sharing economy and have become dominant business models in many industries. Despite their many benefits, negative externalities associated with the growth of for-profit digital platforms, such as Uber and Google, have ignited concerns among market participants, policymakers and society as a whole, without corrective market forces in sight. One way to address this problem is through a combination of government regulation, criminal enforcement actions and private antitrust litigation. This study aims to analyze an alternative approach, called the nonprofit digital platform (NDP), which is an emerging business model capable of unleashing free-market forces and enhancing the sharing economy’s social benefits. Design/methodology/approach This study documents the negative externalities (actual and potential) of for-profit digital platforms, uses the product attributes model to explain the market position and strategy of NDPs with respect to for-profit digital platforms and provides recommendations for the successful launch and management of NDPs. Findings An NDP is a market-based alternative to antitrust, regulation and litigation that enhances the social value created by the sharing economy, but its success requires startup-like management that attracts and retains talent, capital, effective advertising and positive network externalities. Social implications NDPs can force free-market adjustments in the industries they enter, reduce the negative spillovers of for-profit digital platforms and increase social value by incrementally raising the level of competition. Originality/value This study conceptually explores the value that nonprofits could bring to the sharing economy in fulfilling its promise and provides strategic recommendations for social-digital entrepreneurs and nonprofits.

scholarly journals Introduction: the dynamics of digital communication in the Philippines: legacies and potentials

2021 ◽  
Vol 179 (1) ◽  
pp. 3-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jozon A Lorenzana ◽  
Cheryll Ruth R Soriano
Keyword(s):  
Business Models ◽  
Digital Communication ◽  
The Philippines ◽  
Special Issue ◽  
Digital Platforms ◽  
Digital Capitalism ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
New Business ◽  
High Level ◽  
Networked Publics

This special issue brings together six research articles that speak to the dynamics of digital communication in the Philippines, a country firmly located in the global geography of the digital economy and an early adopter and innovator in mobile communication. Increasingly, the rise of digital platforms is spurring on new business models and applications that find a wide range of appropriations in a developing economy with a high level of communication skills and a high level of inequality. These dynamics have, in turn, fuelled the popularity of social media and the populism that has gained international attention and, more critically, taken the country into uncharted political terrain. We introduce this Special Issue by taking stock of the legacies and potentials of digital communication in the country and highlighting how the articles sustain and extend past conversations. Drawing from the articles that cover a range of topics (entertainment, intimacy, labour, journalism and politics, scandals and pornography), we identify three overlapping themes that capture the socio-technical dynamics of digital communication in the Philippines: (1) how digital communication is emplaced in material, social and structural conditions; (2) the potentials of networked publics and communication; and (3) the convertibility of capitals and emergence of new competencies. These dynamics and potentials point to the contradictions, continuities and changes that relate to Philippine modernity in the context of global digital capitalism.

scholarly journals Understanding the Implementation of Airbnb in Urban Contexts: Towards a Categorization of European Cities

Land ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (12) ◽  
pp. 522
Author(s):  
Laura Serrano ◽  
Antonio Sianes ◽  
Antonio Ariza-Montes
Keyword(s):  
Business Model ◽  
Local Governments ◽  
Hierarchical Cluster ◽  
Sharing Economy ◽  
Tourism Industry ◽  
European Cities ◽  
Rural And Urban ◽  
Urban Contexts ◽  
Accommodation Sector ◽  
Tourist Accommodation

The sharing economy has experienced exponential growth in recent years, especially in the short-term rentals (STRs) tourist accommodation sector. This growth has caused disruptive effects in rural and urban contexts, especially in highly touristic cities. These effects can be both positive and negative, revitalizing certain areas and bringing about tension in the socioeconomic fabric. Today, Airbnb is considered the paradigm of this sharing economy model and the STR industry leader. However, as this study suggests, on many occasions the implementation of Airbnb exhibits more of a traditional economic business model than a collaborative economic business model. Through hierarchical cluster analysis, this study identifies different groups of European cities according to the degree of professionalization of Airbnb implementation in their territory. The goal is to find similar patterns in the Airbnbisation process in major European cities, as the social, economic, and spatial impacts of various typologies are very different and even contrary. By understanding and identifying such different models implemented in each territory, better policies can be informed, and more adapted strategies can be pursued by local governments and the tourism industry.

Special Issue on Value Creation in Production

2020 ◽  
Vol 14 (5) ◽  
pp. 677-677
Author(s):  
Toshiya Kaihara ◽  
Nariaki Nishino
Keyword(s):  
Value Creation ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Production Systems ◽  
Sharing Economy ◽  
Service Industries ◽  
Service Systems ◽  
Smart Manufacturing ◽  
Value Chains ◽  
Special Issue ◽  
Wide Range

With the recent development of new technologies such as the Internet of Things (IoT), Cyber-Physical Systems (CPS), and cloud-based systems, the smart manufacturing concept based on ICT or AI is expected to have tremendous potential to realize a digital transformation with customer involvement in production. The role of production will need to change accordingly, as it is obvious that the traditional business model based on process chains for production functionality has limitations for further growth. In production, it is necessary to consider value chains with service factors for adding innovative value to products. Value creation is an important concept to the realization of a sustainable ecosystem in production. This special issue addresses the latest research on value creation in production and service systems. Including ten advanced research papers and one development report, it covers a wide range of topics, including smart factories, logistics, distribution with value chains; product service systems; sustainable ecosystems with value in production and service industries; the sharing economy in production systems with cloud computing; the application of digital transformations in production and service systems. All papers and reports were refereed through careful peer reviews with experts. The editors deeply appreciate the authors for their careful work and the reviewers for their invaluable efforts, without which this special issue would not have been possible. Finally, we hope this special issue provides valuable information to our interested readers and encourages further research on value creation in production.

scholarly journals The political economy of sharing

2021 ◽  
Vol 307 ◽  
pp. 01001
Author(s):  
Evgenii Bogomolov ◽  
Olga Orusova ◽  
Maria Ekaterinovskaya
Keyword(s):  
Economic Theory ◽  
Political Economy ◽  
Sharing Economy ◽  
The Political ◽  
Short Term ◽  
New Model ◽  
Goods And Services ◽  
Property Relations ◽  
New Variant ◽  
System Adaptation

The widespread adoption of a new model of economy – the economy of shared consumption (public services for short-term rental of bicycles, cars, apartments, houses, other goods and services) – has raised many questions for the economic theory. What is a shared economy? What are the reasons for its appearance in different countries? How does it change property relations? What is its future? The answers to these questions are considered using the publications of Russian and foreign scientists. The authors conclude that sharing economy is just a new variant of capital system adaptation.

Africa's Platform and the Sharing Economy

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-17
Author(s):  
Immanuel Ovemeso Umukoro ◽  
Raymond Okwudiri Onuoha
Keyword(s):  
Information Technology ◽  
Business Model ◽  
Business Processes ◽  
Sharing Economy ◽  
Government Information ◽  
Pricing Models ◽  
Digital Platforms ◽  
Tourism And Hospitality ◽  
Industry Trends ◽  
Platform Economy

Platforms are altering business processes and value creation mechanisms as previously witnessed across traditional pipe businesses. Africa has over 300 active digital platforms that serve millions of consumers across every sector of the economy – health, education, commerce, tourism and hospitality, government, information technology, and others. The rise of the platform economy has also popularised the concept of sharing, which has been with Africans for centuries. Through platforms, economic models have also evolved, allowing asset owners to monetize idle assets by offering these assets to those in need of them for a commercial fee using pay-as-you-use (PAYU) pricing models. This chapter serves as an introduction to the concept of platforms and the sharing economy while highlighting industry trends and opportunities that have been triggered by this innovative and disruptive business model.

scholarly journals Designing a mechanism for generating confidence in crowdlending platforms

2021 ◽  
Vol 128 ◽  
pp. 01009
Author(s):  
Evgeny Popov ◽  
Sergey Fedoreev ◽  
Anna Veretennikova
Keyword(s):  
Business Model ◽  
Scientific Research ◽  
Sharing Economy ◽  
Practical Significance ◽  
Financial Resources ◽  
Financial Instruments ◽  
Digital Platforms ◽  
Level Of Confidence ◽  
Theoretical Significance ◽  
New Business

The development of the equity economy as a new business model, the spread of digital platforms, as well as the task of increasing the efficiency of resources, stimulated the development of new financial instruments, including crowdlending. At the same time, lack of sufficient accumulated experience, both in the functioning and regulation of crowdlending platforms, significantly limit their activities. The purpose of this study is to design and substantiate the mechanism of confidence generation in crowdlending platforms. In the course of the study, the peculiarities of the equity economy functioning, which are characteristic, among other things, for crowdlending platforms, were described, regulatory, technical and reputational risks of confidence loss in the subsystems of the “platform-borrower”, “platform-investor” and “loan-investor” relationships were identified, and tools for their reduction in these subsystems were proposed. In addition, an author’s model of interaction between actors of the pooled investment market when investing by a loan provision has been developed, which includes the function of a collateral operator to represent the interests of investors in a one-to-many relationship. The theoretical significance of the results obtained consists in the expansion of scientific research in the field of the sharing economy to the financial resources market. The practical significance of the indicated results consists in the possibility of implementing these proposals to increase the level of confidence in crowdlending platforms.

scholarly journals Introduction: The dynamics of digital communication in the Philippines: legacies and potentials

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jozon Lorenzana ◽  
Cheryll Ruth Soriano
Keyword(s):  
Business Models ◽  
Digital Communication ◽  
The Philippines ◽  
Special Issue ◽  
Digital Platforms ◽  
Digital Capitalism ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
New Business ◽  
High Level ◽  
Networked Publics

This special issue brings together six research articles that speak to the dynamics of digital communication in the Philippines, a country firmly located in the global geography of the digital economy and an early adopter and innovator in mobile communication. Increasingly, the rise of digital platforms is spurring on new business models and applications that find a wide range of appropriations in a developing economy with a high level of communication skills and a high level of inequality. These dynamics have, in turn, fuelled the popularity of social media and the populism that has gained international attention and, more critically, taken the country into uncharted political terrain. We introduce this Special Issue by taking stock of the legacies and potentials of digital communication in the country and highlighting how the articles sustain and extend past conversations. Drawing from the articles that cover a range of topics (entertainment, intimacy, labour, journalism and politics, scandals and pornography), we identify three overlapping themes that capture the socio-technical dynamics of digital communication in the Philippines: (1) how digital communication is emplaced in material, social and structural conditions; (2) the potentials of networked publics and communication; and (3) the convertibility of capitals and emergence of new competencies. These dynamics and potentials point to the contradictions, continuities and changes that relate to Philippine modernity in the context of global digital capitalism.

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