Validation of polemical social representations: introducing the intergroup differentiation of heterogeneity

1998 ◽  
Vol 37 (3) ◽  
pp. 469-492 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jorge Vala ◽  
Leonel Garcia-Marques ◽  
Maria Gouveia-Pereira ◽  
Diniz Lopes
Keyword(s):  
Social Psychology ◽  
Social Representations ◽  
Political Conflict ◽  
Political Context ◽  
Social Validation ◽  
The Third ◽  
Study Results ◽  
Social Representations Theory ◽  
Independent Variable ◽  
Positive Interdependence

Three studies explore the intergroup differentiation of heterogeneity as a strategy for validation of polemical social representations. The first study examines this strategy of validation in a context of simple intergroup differentiation. In the second study the context is one of open political conflict. The last study, also in a political context, introduces the perceptions of the relations between the groups as an independent variable. The first two studies show that the subjects adopted a strategy of validating the polemical representations of the ingroup and invalidating the representations of the outgroup consisting of perceiving the ingroup as psychologically diverse and the outgroup as psychologically more homogeneous, with values being perceived as equally homogeneous in the two groups (study 1) or homogeneous in the ingroup and diverse in the outgroup (study 2). In the third study results show that a salient perception of positive interdependence between the groups is accompanied by homogenization of the members of the ingroup who share the prototypical representations of the ingroup. When there is a salient perception of negative interdependence, the members of the ingroup and the outgroup who share the prototypical position of the ingroup are perceived as heterogeneous. Results are discussed in the context of social representations theory and social psychology of social validation of knowledge.

Serge Moscovici’s work

2021 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Social Sciences ◽  
Social Psychology ◽  
European Association ◽  
Social Representations ◽  
International Workshop ◽  
Minority Influence ◽  
Societal Issues ◽  
The Third ◽  
Recent Developments ◽  
Theory Of Social Representations

We organized recently an international workshop in Greece, to confront our ideas about two major theories of Serge Moscovici. The theory of social representations (1961) and the theory of minority influence (1976). It was a question of tracing the perspectives of the legacy he had left us. This book is the collective trace of this work. It is organized in three parts. The first part deals with the epistemic and theoretical questions raised by Serge Moscovici’s work. It begins with a historical reminder of his contribution to the formation of the European Association of Social Psychology. The second part of the book presents recent developments in the theory of minority influence. The actual and potential developments of this theory is discussed. The third part is devoted to the theory of social representations. The topics discussed show that this theory has become a reference theory in social sciences for the analysis of societal issues. One could see in this book a form of homage to the work of Serge Moscovici. But it should above all be seen as a tribute to the liveliness and relevance of the theories he has bequeathed to us.

Representasi Sikap Kebangsaan Anak Muda dalam Hegemoni Negara pada Novel Populer

Metahumaniora ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 100
Author(s):  
Muhamad Adji
Keyword(s):  
New Order ◽  
The Novel ◽  
The Third ◽  
Study Results ◽  
Popular Novel

AbstrakPenelitian ini bertujuan untuk memperoleh gambaran tentang sikap kebangsaananak muda Indonesia pada tiga novel populer yaitu Ali Topan Anak Jalanan karya TeguhEsha, Lupus: Makhluk Manis dalam Bis karya Hilman Hariwijaya, dan Balada Si Roy karya GolaGong. Alasan pemilihan objek penelitian di atas adalah karena ketiga novel tersebut memilikitingkat popularitas yang tinggi pada tiap zamannya sehingga membuat tokoh utamanyamenjadi representasi anak muda Indonesia pada zamannya masing-masing. Pertanyaanpertanyaanyang memandu tulisan ini adalah 1) Bagaimana keindonesiaan digambarkanpada ketiga novel tersebut dan 2) Bagaimana sikap kebangsaan direpresentasikan tokohanak muda pada ketiga novel tersebut. Dari hasil kajian didapatkan simpulan bahwasikap kebangsaan yang ditampilkan pada ketiga novel tersebut memiliki tingkatan yangberbeda-beda. Novel Ali Topan Anak Jalanan menunjukkan sikap kebangsaan dengan lebihkritis. Hegemoni orde Baru pada masa itu belum berhasil karena novel populer masihmenampilkan tokoh anak muda yang kritis dan cenderung memberontak terhadap nilainilaiideologi Orde Baru. Periode ’80-an menampilkan novel populer dengan tokoh anakmuda yang memiliki sikap kebangsaan yang terbelah. Pertama, anak muda yang dapatmenerima realitas yang dikontruksi Orde Baru, dengan menjalani sistem tersebut danmemposisikan dirinya sebagai bagian dari sistem tersebut. Hal itu direpresentasikan olehtokoh Lupus dalam novel Lupus: Makhluk Manis dalam Bis. Kedua, anak muda yang tidakdapat menerima realitas yang dikonstruksi Orde Baru, dengan cara keluar dari bagiansistem tersebut. Hal itu direpresentasikan oleh tokoh Roy dalam Balada Si Roy.Kata kunci: kebangsaan, anak muda, novel populer, Orde BaruAbstractThis study aims to obtain a picture of Indonesian nationalism in the three popularnovels that were Ali Topan Anak Jalanan by Teguh Esha, Lupus: Makhluk Manis dalam Bisby Hilman Hariwijaya, dan Balada Si Roy by Gola Gong. The reason for choosing the object ofresearch above is that all three novels are recognized to have high levels of popularity in eachera so that made the main characters became a representation of Indonesian youth at that time.The questions that guide the writing are 1) How Indonesianness described in the third novel?2) How does nationalism represented by youth in these three novels. From the study results isobtained the conclusion that nationalism is displayed on the third novel has a level different.Ali Topan Anak Jalanan show a nationalism more critically. The New Order’s hegemony atthat time has not been successful because the novel still showing a critical youth and tends torevolt against the ideological values of the New Order. The ‘80s period featured a popular novelwith a youth character who had a split nationalism. First, the youth who can accept the realitythat the New Order has constructed, with the system and position itself as part of the system.It was represented by the Lupus’s character in the Lupus: Makhluk Manis dalam Bis. Second,the youth who can not accept the facts constructed by the New Order, by going out from thatpart of the system. It was represented by Roy’s character in the Balada Si Roy.Keywords: nationalism, youth, popular novel, New Order

RECREATION SPECIALIZATION FOR RUNNERS AND EVENT ATTACHMENT

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Isao Okayasu ◽  
Chi-Ok Oh ◽  
Duarte B Morais
Keyword(s):  
Practical Implication ◽  
Event Management ◽  
Attitudes And Behaviors ◽  
The Third ◽  
Study Results ◽  
The World ◽  
Recreation Specialization ◽  
And Behaviors ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Predictive Relationship

Running is one of the most popular activities in the world. Runners’ attitudes and behaviors vary depending on their running style. This study aims to construct different measures of running specialization based on the theory of specialization. This study also tests a runner’s stage of specialization segmentation based on recreation specialization and examines the predictive relationship between a runner’s specialization and event attachment. Three groups of sampling data assess the performance of diverse specialization measures for running in three marathon events. First, two surveys were conducted with marathon participants to assess the performance of diverse specialization measures for runners. Second, the third dataset was used to examine the relationship between a runner’s recreation specialization and event attachment.The study results showed that the 15 measures of specialization showed a good fit to the data. Our research showed how runners’ recreation specialization is connected to their event attachment. In addition, this study suggested event management for subdivisions of runners. Its practical implication is that recreation specialization for running can help us understand event attachment.

PENGARUH PEMANFAATAN TEKNOLOGI INFORMASI TERHADAP KEPUASAN END USER COMPUTING DENGAN KETIDAKPASTIAN TUGAS SEBAGAI VARIABEL MODERATING

2013 ◽  
Author(s):  
Herawati M
Keyword(s):  
Information Technology ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
End User ◽  
Moderating Variables ◽  
The Third ◽  
Use Of Technology ◽  
Task Uncertainty ◽  
Independent Variable ◽  
The City ◽  
End User Computing

This study aims to use information technology, uncertainty or moderation duties and interactions between task uncertainty with the use of information technology to end user computing satisfaction. In this study used 70 respondents who actively use computers and working with several companies banking on the city of Padang. The data used are the primary data obtained through questionnaires. The study used three types of variables, the first is the independent variable, namely the utilization of information technology, both moderating variables, namely the uncertainty of the task, the third is the dependent variable is satisfaction of end user computing. The stages of hypothesis testing is done by using a regression model of moderating and statistical t-test. Based on the results of testing the first hypothesis (HI) was found to significantly influence the utilization of information technology to the satisfaction of end user computing. The second hypothesis (H2) testing results found that task uncertainty did not significantly influence the end user computing satisfaction. The third hypothesis (H3) testing found that the interaction or moderation between the use of technology with task uncertainty no significant effect on end user computing satisfaction.

Modernization, Authoritarianism, and the Growth of Working‐Class Dissent: The Case of Spain

1973 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 432-454 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. M. Maravall
Keyword(s):  
Economic Development ◽  
Working Class ◽  
Political Conflict ◽  
Political Context ◽  
Economic Conditions ◽  
The Political ◽  
Invariant Factor ◽  
The Way

THIS ARTICLE ATTEMPTS TO DISCUSS A NUMBER OF QUESTIONS RELATED to the development of a working-class movement of dissent under non-democratic conditions. In this discussion particular attention will be given to the consequences of economic development. It is not that economic development will be considered as a cross-culturally invariant factor in the explanation of social and political conflict and dissent, but that given i) a non-democratic political context and ii) social and economic conditions allowing for working-class movements whose open manifestation is hence restricted by the political set of constraints, the effects of economic development upon such contradictory conditions, and the way they influence the pattern of development of the working-class movement will be especially considered.

Fatty Acid Composition of the Erythrocyte Membranes Varies between Early-Term, Full-Term, and Late-Term Infants in Japan

2018 ◽  
Vol 73 (4) ◽  
pp. 335-343 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yohei Kitamura ◽  
Chieko Kogomori ◽  
Hirokazu  Hamano ◽  
Iwao Maekawa ◽  
Takashi Shimizu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acid Composition ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Acid Composition ◽  
Full Term ◽  
Erythrocyte Membranes ◽  
Term Infants ◽  
Early Term ◽  
Gestational Period ◽  
The Third ◽  
Study Results

Background: Term infants can be categorized into 3 sub-groups: early term (37w0d to 38w6d), full term (39w0d to 40w6d), and late term (41w0d and beyond). However, the fatty acid composition among the 3 groups of term infants has not been investigated. The association between fatty acid composition and gestational period of term infants in Japan is unclear. Methods: We assessed the fatty acid composition of maternal erythrocyte membranes in the third trimester and of cord erythrocyte membranes at birth in 212 healthy term Japanese infants using data from a prospective hospital-based cohort study. Results: In maternal erythrocyte membranes, docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) levels and omega-3 index were significantly higher in the late-term group than in the early-term group. In cord erythrocyte membranes, DHA levels were not significantly different between the 3 groups; late-term infants showed significantly higher DHA/arachidonic acid (ARA) and lower 20: 3n-6 and ARA levels compared to early-term infants. Gestational period positively correlated with the DHA status in maternal and cord erythrocyte membranes. Conclusions: Fatty acid composition in maternal and cord erythrocyte membranes varies between early-, full-, and late-term infants, and the greater gestational period may contribute to the relatively high n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids status in term infants. Furthermore, maternal DHA status in the third semester directly correlates with gestational period in pregnant Japanese women.

scholarly journals Exposure to Common Enemies can Increase Political Polarization: Evidence from a Cooperation Experiment with Automated Partisans

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eaman Jahani ◽  
Natalie McDaniel Gallagher ◽  
Friedolin Merhout ◽  
Nicolo Cavalli ◽  
Douglas Guilbeault ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Social Psychology ◽  
United States ◽  
Social Science ◽  
The United States ◽  
Computational Social Science ◽  
Political Conflict ◽  
Political Polarization ◽  
Group Conflict ◽  
Opposing Party ◽  
Common Enemy

Longstanding theory indicates the threat of a common enemy can mitigate conflict between members of rival groups. We tested this hypothesis in a pre-registered experiment where 1,670 Republicans and Democrats in the United States were asked to complete a collaborative online task with an automated agent or “bot” that was labelled as a member of the opposing party. Prior to this task, we exposed respondents to primes about a) a common enemy (involving threats from Iran, China, and Russia); b) a patriotic event; or c) a neutral, apolitical prime. Though we observed no significant differences in the behavior of Democrats as a result of these primes, we found that Republicans—and particularly those with very strong conservative views—were significantly less likely to cooperate with Democrats when primed about a common enemy. We also observed lower rates of cooperation among Republicans who participated in our study during the 2020 Iran crisis, which occurred in the middle of our fieldwork. These findings indicate common enemies may not reduce inter-group conflict in highly polarized societies, and contribute to a growing number of studies that find evidence of asymmetric political polarization. We conclude by discussing the implications of these findings for research in social psychology, political conflict, and the rapidly expanding field of computational social science.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document