Religiosity: Protective or Risk Factor for Posttraumatic Distress Among Adolescents Who Were Exposed to Different Types of Acts of Political Violence

2018 ◽  
pp. 088626051878077 ◽  
Author(s):  
Efrat Sakat ◽  
Miriam Schiff
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factor ◽  
Political Violence ◽  
Posttraumatic Distress ◽  
Different Types

scholarly journals Influencing Factors of Multiple Adverse Outcomes Among Schizophrenia Patients Using Count Regression Models: A Cross-Sectional Study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lichang Chen ◽  
Wenyan Tan ◽  
Xiao Lin ◽  
Haicheng Lin ◽  
Junyan Xi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factor ◽  
Influencing Factors ◽  
Violent Crime ◽  
Regression Models ◽  
Negative Binomial ◽  
Suicide Attempts ◽  
Adverse Outcomes ◽  
Different Types ◽  
History Of ◽  
Self Harm

Abstract Background: Schizophrenia patients have increased risks of several adverse outcomes, including violent crime, aggressiveness and suicide. However, studies of different adverse outcomes in the same population are rare and the influencing factors for these outcomes need clarification by appropriate models. This study aimed to identify influencing factors of these adverse outcomes by examining and comparing different count regression models.Methods: This study included schizophrenia patients who had at least once follow-up record in the Guangdong Mental Health Center Network Medical System during 2020. Three types of adverse outcomes including a) aggressiveness with police dispatch or violence crime, b) aggressiveness without police dispatch, and c) self-harm or suicide attempts. First, we investigated the incidence of these adverse outcomes in each type. Second, the Poisson, negative binomial (NB), zero-inflated Poisson (ZIP), and zero-inflated negative binomial (ZINB) regression models were fitted and compared for their intensity. Finally, We analysed associations between these adverse outcomes intensity and sociodemographic, clinical factors with the best model. Results: A total of 130474 schizophrenia patients were selected. Each type of adverse outcomes was reported by less than 1% of schizophrenia patients in 2020. NB regression model is the best model for fitting the number of aggressiveness without police dispatch because of the best goodness of fit and relatively simple interpretation, whereas ZINB models for the other two outcomes. Age, sex, and history of adverse outcomes were influencing factors shared across these adverse outcomes. Higher educational level, employment were protective factors shared between aggressiveness with police dispatch or violent crime , and aggressiveness without police dispatch. Aggressiveness without police dispatch , and self-harm or suicide attempts shared older onset age (≥18 years) as a risk factor. Family history of mental disease was a risk factor of self-harm or suicide attempts individually.Conclusions: NB and ZINB models were selected for fitting the number of adverse outcomes in our studies. Influencing factors for adverse outcomes intensity included both those shared across different types and those individual to specific types. Therefore, combined and customized tools in risk assessment and intervention for different types of these outcomes might be necessary.

scholarly journals Nekotorye aspekty problemy narusheniyaosanki u podrostkov Primorskogo kraya

2007 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 2-4
Author(s):  
T G VASIL'EVA ◽  
E A KOChETKOVA
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factor ◽  
Bone Metabolism ◽  
Dual Energy ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Phosphorus Concentration ◽  
Blood Calcium ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Calcium Exchange ◽  
Mineral Bone Density

Objective of study was to examine mineral bone density and condition of bone metabolism in adolescent with different types of carriage disorders. Material and methods: We investigated 122 adolescent with carriage disorders, its dates of dual - energy X - ray absorbtiometry. Condition of bone metabolism was estimated on blood osteocalcini and ßCrossLaps. Condition of calcii-phosphorum exchange was estimated on blood calcium (Ca) and phosphorus concentration and also its level in urinary daily. PTH secretion in the serum blood was estimated. Control group was consisted by 70 health adolescent similar ages and sex. Results: 48% adolescences with carriage disorders had osteopenic syndrome and dysfunction of calcii-phosphorum exchange and bone metabolism in compare control group. Conclusion: carriage disorders and long conservation of negative calcium exchange lead to bone metabolism dysfunction and is one's risk factor development of osteopenic syndrome.

Spectrum of Effective Preventive Opportunities

2020 ◽  
pp. 78-97
Author(s):  
Julie Sin
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factor ◽  
Health Service ◽  
Population Health ◽  
Care Pathway ◽  
Health Condition ◽  
Health Issue ◽  
Potential Range ◽  
Natural Development ◽  
Different Types

This chapter provides a means of looking at a health condition or health issue through the lens of identifying effective preventive opportunities. The concept of an effective preventive opportunity is firstly clarified for use. A ‘spectrum of preventive opportunities’ model is then described which can be used to identify these opportunities for any health condition. In this model, effective opportunities are considered across a whole generic care-pathway chronology, which also acts as a prompt to considering the potential range of health service responses and to help think about the natural development of the health condition or issue. Examples illustrate that the principles can be applied to single conditions, groups of conditions, and system issues. There is also a ‘population health sieve’ summary of the different risk factor types in a population, and a summary of the different types of health service response.

Reconsidering the abused to abuser hypothesis: the need to consider the impact of trauma in the treatment and assessment of sexual and violent offenders

2010 ◽  
pp. 33-43
Author(s):  
Wendy Morgan
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factor ◽  
Family Violence ◽  
Theoretical Perspective ◽  
Violent Offenders ◽  
Unified Approach ◽  
Violent Offending ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Potential Benefits ◽  
The Impact

The abused to abuser theory of offending is not widely supported by the literature. Not only does this notion suffer from deficits common to all single explanation models, but also has the potential to further stigmatise victims of abuse. However, using a case study, this paper will argue that the impact of abuse should be more carefully considered at both the aetiological, assessment and intervention levels for various forms of family violence. It will be proposed that the impact of abuse could, for some individuals, be conceptualised as a core risk factor for different types of violent offending. However, in order to fully realise the potential benefits of this stance a more unified approach to forensic issues is needed with integration of information from multiple theoretical perspective, and practice dimensions.

scholarly journals To fight or demonstrate? Micro foundations of inequality and conflict

2021 ◽  
pp. 073889422110178
Author(s):  
Solveig Hillesund
Keyword(s):  
Civil War ◽  
Survey Data ◽  
Political Violence ◽  
Opportunity Structure ◽  
Opportunity Structures ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Political Exclusion ◽  
Micro Foundations ◽  
Group Inequality ◽  
Individual Participation

Do people from disadvantaged ethnic groups favor political violence over non-violent tactics? Studies of horizontal (between-group) inequality often concentrate on civil war. This article drills below the macro level and looks beyond civil war, to investigate individual participation in various types of conflict. Different types and combinations of ethnic disadvantage favor participation in different kinds of conflict, because of different opportunity structures. Political exclusion motivates leadership, which facilitates organized movements. Economic disadvantages restrict economic leverage, making non-violent tactics less likely to succeed. The article maps these components of groups’ opportunity structure onto different constellations of inequality. It uses Afrobarometer survey data ( N = 29,727) to show that economic disadvantages increase participation in political violence short of civil war. When they coincide with political exclusion, they also make people steer actively away from demonstrations. The evidence is less conclusive for political disadvantages alone, but points toward increased participation in demonstrations.

scholarly journals Dealing With Loneliness Among LGBT Older Adults: Different Coping Strategies

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. 516-517
Author(s):  
Natasha Peterson ◽  
Jeongeun Lee ◽  
Daniel Russell
Keyword(s):  
Social Support ◽  
Older Adults ◽  
Risk Factor ◽  
Well Being ◽  
National Sample ◽  
Social Connections ◽  
Social Discrimination ◽  
Time Usage ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Health And Well Being

Abstract Older lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender (LGBT) adults may be at risk for high levels of loneliness—a risk factor for worse health behaviors—as a result of historical and social discrimination. Some LGBT older adults may have estranged relationships with family members or have toxic relationships, consequently leaving them without adequate social support. The 2018 Loneliness and Social Connections survey by the AARP Foundation consists of a national sample of non-institutionalized individuals 45 and older, including 2905 individuals who identify as heterosexual and 318 who identify as LGBT. The study indicated individuals had similar levels of loneliness regardless of sexual orientation. However, significant differences between heterosexuals and LGBT participants were found in their communication and time usage when they are lonely. For example, heterosexual individuals socialize with friends in person more than homosexuals (t=-2.393, p<.05), whereas LGBT older adults use technology more to socialize with friends (t=3.749), p<.001. Further, findings revealed that older LGBT adults tend to engage in more risky or unhealthy behaviors when lonely than do heterosexual older adults (t=3.907, p<.001). Overall, the results indicate that while LGBT older adults may spend more time alone (t=7.350, p<.001), they are engaging in different types of activities, particularly involving technology to communicate with friends, suggesting compensation for their lack of in-person contact. By understanding how LGBT older adults cope with loneliness along with the risks and resources that have influences on their health disparities can be useful for developing interventions to improve the health and well-being in these communities.

scholarly journals Features of nephropathy in various types of thrombotic microagniopathies in obstetric practice

2021 ◽  
pp. 128-137
Author(s):  
T. V. Kirsanova ◽  
A. I. Balakireva ◽  
T. A. Fedorova
Keyword(s):  
Renal Function ◽  
Risk Factor ◽  
Hellp Syndrome ◽  
Perinatal Death ◽  
Atypical Hemolytic Uremic Syndrome ◽  
Kidney Injury ◽  
Organ Injury ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Main Risk Factor ◽  
Different Types

Introduction. We assessed the features of kidney injury in patients with different types of TMA during pregnancy, taking into consideration the fact that the acute kidney injury (AKI) that occurs during pregnancy or in the early postpartum period is main- ly caused by various types of thrombotic microangiopathies (TMA), and AKI itself is a serious obstetric complication with the risk of serious complications and mortality for both mother and fetus.Objective of the study. To study the features of nephropathy in different types of pregnancy-associated TMA.Materials and methods. The study included 313 pregnant women, women in childbirth and puerperas, of which 71 women had atypical hemolytic uremic syndrome (aHUS), 124 – HELLP syndrome, 70 – varying degrees of severity of PE, a group of patients with more rare causes of TMA was also identified: TTP, CAPS and sepsis (13 patients) and 45 patients for the control group. We assessed and compared the main clinical, laboratory and instrumental data, and assessed the outcome of labour. Also, histological examination of the kidneys was performed in five patients with aHUS.Results and discussion. The results of the study have shown that the most severe manifestations of TMA in the form of target organ injury and nephropathy are usually occur in patients with aHUS, where all women developed AKI, in some cases with the formation of chronic kidney disease. In the HELLP syndrome group, AKI was recorded in 39%, but renal function quickly restored. It was found that the very fact of the presence of AKI points to a more unfavourable prognosis not only for the patients themselves, but also for the child, being the main risk factor for perinatal death. The findings of urinary sediment tests and morphological evaluation indicate that the resulting ischemia of the renal tissue in cases of aHUS, HELLP syndrome and other types of TMA can lead to tubular necrosis as compared with PE. Our results suggest that it is AKI in HELLP syndrome that is the main risk factor for perinatal death. Alas, this relationship is difficult to trace in patients with aHUS, as all of them had AKI.Conclusions. Timely recognition of the AKI phenomenon in all cases of obstetric TMA can reduce the risks for both mother and fetus. Both the prognosis for mother and the prognosis for child depend on AKI, and timely therapy can lead to a regression of AKI phenomena and the complete restoration of renal function.

scholarly journals Diabetes: a risk factor for mortality from brain stroke

2015 ◽  
Vol 3 (02) ◽  
pp. 28-36
Author(s):  
Vandana Joshi ◽  
Arun Kumar ◽  
Preeti Kothiyal
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Risk Factor ◽  
Vessel Wall ◽  
Independent Risk Factor ◽  
Cellular Proliferation ◽  
Current Review ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
The World ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Brain Stroke

Diabetes mellitus (DM), is a most common problem around the world and contributes to the development of different types of complications due to various pathological changes like change in thickening of capillary basement membrane, increase in vessel wall matrix and cellular proliferation. Diabetes mellitus represents a strong independent risk factor for stroke. The current review is an attempt to summarize the possible mechanisms that has been associated with increased risk of stroke due to diabetes mellitus.

Characteristics of headache during and/or after coronary intervention: A prospective observational study

Cephalalgia ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 033310242110535
Author(s):  
Chenglong Lu ◽  
Leyi Zhang ◽  
Cuixiang Liu ◽  
Zhifeng Wang ◽  
Ran Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factor ◽  
Independent Risk Factor ◽  
Coronary Intervention ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Incidence Risk ◽  
History Of ◽  
Observational Design ◽  
Definition Of

Introduction Headache during and/or after coronary intervention is common but has received little attention from cardiologists and neurologists. The purpose of this study was to investigate the incidence, risk factors, and possible mechanism of coronary intervention-related headache. Methods Using a prospective observational design, we identified consecutive patients with coronary intervention from May 2020 to August 2020. Patients were followed up with questionnaires immediately after coronary intervention and 24 h, 72 h, 1 week and 2 weeks after the intervention. Results In total, 94 patients were enrolled, and 71 patients ultimately completed the 2-week follow-up. Among 71 patients, headache developed during and/or after coronary intervention in 18 (25.4%) patients. Two different types of headache related to coronary intervention were observed: One during and another after coronary intervention. Headache characteristics are described in detail. A history of previous headache was an independent risk factor for coronary intervention-related headache ( p < 0.01). Conclusions Coronary intervention-related headache has an incidence of 25.4%, and previous headache history was an independent risk factor. Moreover, considering that there are no relevant diagnostic criteria, it is suggested that the definition of coronary intervention-related headache should be established in the International Classification of Headache Disorders.

Electrosurgical energy. Is it a risk factor for post-thyroidectomy hypocalcaemia?

2021 ◽  
pp. 23
Author(s):  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factor ◽  
Total Thyroidectomy ◽  
Protective Factor ◽  
Harmonic Scalpel ◽  
Malignant Tumors ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Additional Protection ◽  
Males And Females ◽  
Postoperative Hypocalcaemia

Aim and objective: The aim of this study was to investigate a relationship between the different types of electrosurgical energy (monopolar, bipolar, and ultrasonic-harmonic scalpel) and postoperative hypocalcaemia after total thyroidectomy. Additionally, to analyze the frequency of postoperative hypocalcaemia, according to age group, gender, and pathological diagnosis. Materials and Methods: An observational, retrospective and correlational study was carried out in a series of patients who underwent total thyroidectomy in a public and a private hospital in Quito, Ecuador, South America, from January 2016 to July 2019. Results: Among 665 patients, post-thyroidectomy hypocalcaemia was observed in 127 (18.8%) patients. There was no significant difference between males and females. Hypocalcaemia was significantly higher in patients aged between 26 and 35 years, patients operated for malignant tumors and in patients in whom at least one parathyroid gland was removed. Postoperative hypocalcaemia occurred in 52.2% of patients (n = 24) [RR: 3.14; 95% CI: 2.26-4.36; p: 0.001] in the bipolar group, 29.2% (n = 7) [RR: 1.56; 95% CI: 0.82-2.97; p: 0.087] in the harmonic group, 17.3% (n = 34) [RR: 0.87; 95% CI: 0.61-1.24; p: 0.219] in the monopolar group, and 15.2% (n= 60) [RR: 0.61; 95% CI 0.45-0.84; p: 0.001] in the monopolar + harmonic group. Conclusions and clinical significance: The use of a bipolar device appears to be a risk factor for hypocalcaemia, while the use of monopolar + harmonic seems to be a protective factor. Although, when analyzing monopolar + harmonic vs monopolar alone, the addition of the harmonic scalpel didn’t provide statistically significant additional protection against hypocalcaemia.

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