Effect of alkali treatment on mechanical properties of jute fiber-reinforced partially biodegradable green composites using epoxy resin matrix

2019 ◽  
Vol 28 (6) ◽  
pp. 388-397
Author(s):  
Jai Inder Preet Singh ◽  
Sehijpal Singh ◽  
Vikas Dhawan
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Epoxy Resin ◽  
Alkali Treatment ◽  
Matrix Material ◽  
Resin Matrix ◽  
Infrared Analysis ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Green Composites ◽  
Jute Fibers ◽  
Naoh Solution

In this work, partially biodegradable green composites have been developed with the help of compression molding technique. Jute fibers were selected as a reinforcement and epoxy resin as matrix material. The influence of alkali treatment on various mechanical properties of jute/epoxy composites was investigated, with concentrations ranging from 1%, 3%, 5%, 7%, and 9% NaOH solution. Various test results indicate that with an increase in concentration, tensile and flexural strength increases up to 5% concentration of NaOH, thereafter both the properties decrease, but impact strength increases up to 7% concentration and thereafter decreases. The results of mechanical characterizations were further validated through the study of morphology with scanning electron microscopy and Fourier transform infrared analysis. The optimal concentration of 5% concentration for alkali treatment of fibers have been suggested.

scholarly journals Effect of NaOH treatment on mechanical strength of banana/epoxy laminates

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (1-3) ◽  
pp. 19-26
Author(s):  
Mujahid Khan ◽  
Sayyadh Rahamathbaba ◽  
MA Mateen ◽  
DV Ravi Shankar ◽  
M Manzoor Hussain
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Alkali Treatment ◽  
Mechanical Tests ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Banana Fiber ◽  
Fiber Treatment ◽  
Naoh Solution ◽  
Interlaminar Shear ◽  
Flattening Process ◽  
Linear Increment

The present study is focused on studying the effect of alkali treatment on the mechanical properties of banana fiber-reinforced epoxy composites. Four batches of samples were prepared with respect to the percentage of sodium hydroxide (NaOH) in the treatment solution (0%, 2.5%, 4.5%, and 6.5%). Later mechanical tests such as tensile, compressive, and interlaminar shear tests were conducted on the prepared composite specimens to determine the influence of alkali treatment on the mechanical characteristics. The test results indicate an overall improvement in all the mechanical properties due to the fiber treatment. Moreover, the samples made from the fiber treated with 4.5% of NaOH solution indicated the highest tensile strength and compressive strength, with an overall increment of 24.2% and 34.8% in tensile and compressive strengths, respectively, when compared with the untreated sample. A linear increment in interlaminar strength is observed with a maximum value of 25.4 N/mm2 for the sample made from the fiber treated with 6.5% of NaOH solution. This increase is due to the fiber flattening process which increases the bonding surface at the interface.

scholarly journals Study on creep perform of epoxy resin for launch canister

2021 ◽  
Vol 2125 (1) ◽  
pp. 012054
Author(s):  
Fu-Quan Wei ◽  
Wen-chao Yang ◽  
Zhe-xian Zhan ◽  
Cun-gui Yu
Keyword(s):  
Epoxy Resin ◽  
Matrix Material ◽  
Element Model ◽  
Tensile Creep ◽  
Creep Model ◽  
Resin Matrix ◽  
Model Parameters ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Creep Tests ◽  
Term Creep

Abstract In order to study the creep perform of the launch canister, creep perform of the epoxy resin (matrix material) were studied. The creep model of epoxy resin was established based on Bailey-Norton model. Constant stress tensile creep tests at room temperature were carried out on epoxy resin specimens under different stress levels, and the model parameters were obtained by fitting the test data. The finite element model of the specimen was established in the ABAQUS software and the tensile simulation was carried out. The simulation results are consistent with the test results. Results show that time-hardening model can describe the short-term creep perform of epoxy resin with error less than 20%.

scholarly journals Assessing the Flexural Properties of Epoxy Composites with Extremely Low Addition of Cellulose Nanofiber Content

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 1159 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yingmei Xie ◽  
Hiroki Kurita ◽  
Ryugo Ishigami ◽  
Fumio Narita
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Epoxy Resin ◽  
Flexural Modulus ◽  
Strengthening Mechanism ◽  
Short Fiber ◽  
Cellulose Nanofiber ◽  
Resin Matrix ◽  
Element Analysis ◽  
Epoxy Resin Matrix ◽  
The Matrix

Epoxy resins are a widely used common polymer due to their excellent mechanical properties. On the other hand, cellulose nanofiber (CNF) is one of the new generation of fibers, and recent test results show that CNF reinforced polymers have high mechanical properties. It has also been reported that an extremely low CNF addition increases the mechanical properties of the matrix resin. In this study, we prepared extremely-low CNF (~1 wt.%) reinforced epoxy resin matrix (epoxy-CNF) composites, and tried to understand the strengthening mechanism of the epoxy-CNF composite through the three-point flexural test, finite element analysis (FEA), and discussion based on organic chemistry. The flexural modulus and strength were significantly increased by the extremely low CNF addition (less than 0.2 wt.%), although the theories for short-fiber-reinforced composites cannot explain the strengthening mechanism of the epoxy-CNF composite. Hence, we propose the possibility that CNF behaves as an auxiliary agent to enhance the structure of the epoxy molecule, and not as a reinforcing fiber in the epoxy resin matrix.

Assessing of Mechanical Properties of Natural Fiber Reinforced Polymer Matrix Hybrid Composites

2015 ◽  
Vol 766-767 ◽  
pp. 199-204 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kumar Jayachandran Nirmal ◽  
D. Premkumar
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Epoxy Resin ◽  
Natural Fiber ◽  
Volume Fraction ◽  
Hybrid Composites ◽  
Natural Fibres ◽  
Fiber Reinforced Polymer ◽  
Resin Matrix ◽  
Reinforced Polymer ◽  
Individual Type

An experimental analysis has been carried out to investigate the mechanical properties of composites reinforced by sisal, coir, and banana fibres into epoxy resin matrix. The natural fibres were extracted by retting and manual processes. The composites fabricated by epoxy resin and reinforcement in the hybrid combination of Sisal-Banana and Sisal-Coir with the volume fraction of fibres varying from 5% to 30%. It has been identified that the mechanical properties increase with the increase of volume fraction of fibres to a certain extent and then decreases. The hybridization of the reinforcement in the composite shows greater mechanical properties when compared to individual type of natural fibres reinforced. For all the composites tested, the tensile strength of the composite increased up to 25% of volume fraction of the fibres and further for the increase in the volume fraction of fibre the mechanical properties were decreased. As same as tensile properties, the flexural and impact strength also increased linearly up to 25% of volume fraction of fibres and further for the increase in the volume fraction of fibre the mechanical properties were slightly decreased. Key Words: Sisal, Banana, Coir, Epoxy, Hybrid composite.

scholarly journals THE EFFECT OF COCONUT COIR FIBER POWDER CONTENT AND HARDENER WEIGHT FRACTIONS ON MECHANICAL PROPERTIES OF AN EPR-174 EPOXY RESIN COMPOSITE

SINERGI ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 25 (3) ◽  
pp. 361
Author(s):  
Muhamad Fitri ◽  
Shahruddin Mahzan ◽  
Imam Hidayat ◽  
Nurato Nurato
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Shear Strength ◽  
Composite Materials ◽  
Impact Strength ◽  
Epoxy Resin ◽  
Resin Composite ◽  
Weight Fraction ◽  
Resin Matrix ◽  
Powder Content ◽  
Made In

The development of composite materials is increasingly widespread, which require superior mechanical properties. From many studies, it is found that the mechanical properties of composite materials are influenced by various factors, including the reinforcement content, both in the form of fibers and particle powder. However, those studies have not investigated the effect of the hardener weight fraction on the mechanical properties of resin composite materials. Even though its function as a hardener is likely to affect its mechanical properties, it might obtain the optimum composition of the reinforcing content and hardener fraction to get the specific mechanical properties. This study examines the effect of hardener weight fraction combined with fiber powder content on mechanical properties of EPR-174 epoxy resin matrix composite and determines the optimum of Them. The research was conducted by testing a sample of composite matrix resin material reinforced with coconut fiber powder. The Powder content was made in 3 levels, i.e.: 6%, 8%, and 10%. While the hardener fraction of resin was made in 3 levels, i.e.: 0.4, 0.5, and 0.6. The test results showed that pure resin had the lowest impact strength of 1.37 kJ/m2. The specimen with a fiber powder content of 6% has the highest impact strength i.e.: 4.92 kJ/m2. The hardener fraction of 0.5 has the highest impact strength i.e.: 4.55 kJ/m2. The fiber powder content of 8% produced the highest shear strength i.e.: 1.00 MPa. Meanwhile, the hardener fraction of 0.6 has the highest shear strength i.e.: 2.03 MPa.

Preparation and Mechanical Properties of Epoxy Resin Reinforced with Jeffamines-Grafted Carbon Nanotubes

2009 ◽  
Vol 79-82 ◽  
pp. 553-556 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ling Fei Shi ◽  
Gang Li ◽  
Gang Sui ◽  
Xiao Ping Yang
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Carbon Nanotubes ◽  
Epoxy Resin ◽  
Photoelectron Spectroscopy ◽  
Epoxy Matrix ◽  
Resin Matrix ◽  
Mechanical And Thermal Properties ◽  
Time Dynamic ◽  
Multi Walled Carbon Nanotubes ◽  
The Impact

The increasing proliferation and application of advanced polymer composites requires higher and broader performance resin matrices. Poly(oxypropylene) with –NH2 end-groups has been widely used to toughen epoxy resins, but the strength of resin matrix may be reduced due to the addition of flexible segments in the crosslinking network. Carbon nanotubes (CNTs) have been paid more and more attention in recent years because of their superior thermal and mechanical properties. In this paper, CNTs grafted with Jeffamines T403 were used to simultaneously improve the reinforcement and toughening of an epoxy resin. The untreated multi-walled carbon nanotubes (u-MWNTs) were functionalized with amine groups according to three steps: carboxylation, acylation, and amidation. The f-MWNTs were characterized by Fourier transform infra-red (FTIR) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). The experimental results indicated that the T403 was grafted to the surface of MWCNTs. The mechanical and thermal properties of epoxy with f-MWNTs were investigated. The tensile and flexural strength increased by 7.77 % and 7.03 % after adding 0.5wt% f-MWCNTs without sacrificing the impact toughness. At the same time, dynamic mechanical thermal analysis (DMTA) showed that the glass transition temperature (Tg) of epoxy with f-MWNTs were increased. The fracture surface of epoxy with f-MWNTs was observed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) to understand the dispersion of f-MWNTs in epoxy matrix and interfacial adhesion between f-MWNTs and epoxy matrix, which can be attributed to the strong interfacial bonding between f-MWNTs and epoxy resin.

Mechanical Properties and Microstructure of Aramid/Al2O3/Epoxy Resin Laminated Composites

2008 ◽  
Vol 55-57 ◽  
pp. 389-392
Author(s):  
Supreyak Kumfu ◽  
Wim Nhuapeng ◽  
Wandee Thamjaree ◽  
Tawee Tunkasiri
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Epoxy Resin ◽  
Laminated Composites ◽  
Scratch Resistance ◽  
Resin Matrix ◽  
Sem Images ◽  
Laminate Composites ◽  
Al2o3 Powder ◽  
Casting Technique

Aramid/Al2O3/epoxy resin laminated composites were fabricated using ultrasonic mixing and casting technique. This novo material could be exhibited to the ideal mechanical properties such as high tensile strength, hardness, flexural strength and lightweight which may be used to replace metal parts in vehicles. Moreover, Al2O3 powder was mixed to epoxy resin to improve the scratch resistance. To improve the bending force and interaction between Al2O3 powder phase and epoxy resin phase, the ultrasonic mixing was used for fabricating these laminate composites. The physicals and mechanical properties such as density, hardness, impact test, wear resistance and tensile strength of the composites samples were investigated. It was found that the amounts of percent by volume of the Al2O3 have affected the properties of the laminated composites. Furthermore, microstructures of specimens were also investigated by scanning electron microscope (SEM). From the results, SEM images showed good distribution and adhesion between reinforced phase and epoxy resin matrix phase.

Reinforced interface and mechanical properties of high strength carbon fiber composites

2020 ◽  
pp. 095400832095739
Author(s):  
Zibao Jiao ◽  
Zhengjun Yao ◽  
Jintang Zhou ◽  
Pengshu Yi ◽  
Chuanjun Lu
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Carbon Fiber ◽  
Epoxy Resin ◽  
Carbon Fibers ◽  
Dynamic Contact Angle ◽  
Dynamic Contact ◽  
Resin Matrix ◽  
Carbon Fiber Composites ◽  
Epoxy Resin Matrix ◽  
Winding Tension

Based on the surface analysis of carbon fiber, an epoxy resin matrix with good wettability to carbon fibers had been developed and studied, and the influence of winding tension on the interface and mechanical properties of the composite were studied. The surface morphology of carbon fiber and the active functional groups of sizing agent were analyzed. In order to form a good interface combination, the wettability between carbon fibers and epoxy resin matrix was characterized by dynamic contact angle. The winding tension played an important role in the mechanical properties of composites. Therefore, a kind of carbon fiber reinforced composites, Naval Ordnance Laboratory (NOL) rings were fabricated using different winding tensions. Particularly, when the winding tension was 30 N, the interfacial bonding between carbon fibers and resin matrix was the most compact and firm. The tensile strength and interlaminar shear strength (ILSS) of NOL rings reached high values, 2712 MPa and 75 MPa, respectively.

scholarly journals Mechanical properties of coconut trunk particle/polyester composite based on alkali treatment

2020 ◽  
Vol 29 ◽  
pp. 2633366X2093589
Author(s):  
Van-Tho Hoang ◽  
Thanh-Nhut Pham ◽  
Young-Jin Yum
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Surface Modification ◽  
Polyester Resin ◽  
Natural Fiber ◽  
Alkali Treatment ◽  
Unsaturated Polyester ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Coconut Tree ◽  
Lignocellulosic Fiber ◽  
Polyester Composite

Coir is a well-known natural fiber extracted from the husk of a coconut tree. In polymer composite materials, the ultimate performance of coir has been shown using surface modification methods. Among them, sodium hydroxide (NaOH) is a comparative and efficient solution used for surface treatment of lignocellulosic fiber. In contrast to coir, coconut timber, a hardwood that dominates the weight of the coconut tree, has not been appropriately considered for use in polymer composites. Therefore, in this article, coconut trunk particle/unsaturated polyester resin composites were experimentally investigated. As a pioneering study, a large range of NaOH concentrations from 2 wt% to 10 wt% (with an interval of 2 wt%) was utilized to treat the surface of the filler. Finally, 4 wt% alkali solution was found as the best content for surface modification based on the mechanical properties of the composite, including those determined by tensile, flexural, and impact test results.

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