Effects of different gums on tensile properties of cellulose nanofibrils (CNFs)-reinforced starch

2020 ◽  
pp. 096739112092344 ◽  
Author(s):  
Razieh Eslami ◽  
Alireza Azizi ◽  
Mohsen Najafi
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Tensile Properties ◽  
Food Packaging ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Cellulose Nanofibrils ◽  
Tensile Tests ◽  
Nanocomposite Films ◽  
Infrared Analysis ◽  
Solution Casting Method ◽  
Starch Films

This research is focused on the development of a new starch-based nanocomposite films reinforced with cellulose nanofibrils (CNFs) for food packaging purposes. A series of starch films were produced by the solution casting method with various concentrations of glycerin, CNF, and citric acid (CA). Mechanical properties of the films were investigated using tensile tests. Based on the results, the best formulation with optimal mechanical properties was introduced by different amounts of various gums to study the effects of the gums on tensile properties of the samples. Fourier-transform infrared analysis was performed to study posttreatment chemical structure of the sample to confirm the cross-linking and esterifying of the nanocomposite films. Results revealed that the tragacanth gum had a negative impact on the mechanical properties, while the frankincense gum (F-gum) and Arabic gum positively influenced the mechanical properties through strengthening the network structure. The sample containing 0.3 g of F-gum (10% w/w, relative to the starch weight) showed the best results compared to the control films.

Mechanical Properties of Chitosan Modified Montmorillonite Filled Tapioca Starch Nanocomposite Films

2013 ◽  
Vol 686 ◽  
pp. 145-154 ◽  
Author(s):  
Siti Waqina Abdul Ghani ◽  
Aznizam Abu Bakar ◽  
Sani Amril Samsudin
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Tensile Properties ◽  
Nanocomposite Films ◽  
Infrared Analysis ◽  
Elongation At Break ◽  
Tapioca Starch ◽  
Degradable Plastics ◽  
Solution Casting Method ◽  
Experimental Works ◽  
Cavity Thickness

This study was carried out to develop renewable and degradable plastics film with good mechanical properties. The mechanical properties between compatibilized montmorillonite (MMT)/chitosan filled tapioca starch (TPS), uncompatibilized MMT/TPS, and chitosan/TPS nanocomposite films were investigated. Experimental works were started with the extraction of local chitosan from chitin derived from prawn shells which involving deprotenization, demineralization and deacetylation treatments. Degree of deacetylation of chitosan was determined using infrared spectroscopy method. Chitosan was acted as compatibilizer between MMT and starch in order to improve the dispersion of MMT in nanocomposite systems. Nanocomposite films were prepared using a solution casting method with addition of glycerol as the plasticizer. The starch solution was cast onto PTFE mold with cavity thickness of 0.5mm. Characterizations of the nanocomposite films were done using Fourier Transform Infrared Analysis (FTIR). Tensile properties of nanocomposites were investigated. The compatibilized nanocomposite films, chitosan/MMT/TPS give significant effects to tensile properties. Chitosan has played its role as the compatibilizer and also as flexibility improvers to nanocomposite films because elongation at break improved after addition of chitosan.

scholarly journals Filling of Mater-Bi with Nanoclays to Enhance the Biofilm Rigidity

2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 60 ◽  
Author(s):  
Giuseppe Cavallaro ◽  
Giuseppe Lazzara ◽  
Lorenzo Lisuzzo ◽  
Stefana Milioto ◽  
Filippo Parisi
Keyword(s):  
Tensile Properties ◽  
Food Packaging ◽  
Mechanical Response ◽  
Materials Science ◽  
Traction Force ◽  
Tensile Tests ◽  
Mechanical Analysis ◽  
Nanocomposite Films ◽  
Preliminary Study ◽  
Mechanical Performances

We investigated the efficacy of several nanoclays (halloysite, sepiolite and laponite) as nanofillers for Mater-Bi, which is a commercial bioplastic extensively used within food packaging applications. The preparation of Mater-Bi/nanoclay nanocomposite films was easily achieved by means of the solvent casting method from dichloroethane. The prepared bio-nanocomposites were characterized by dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA) in order to explore the effect of the addition of the nanoclays on the mechanical behavior of the Mater-Bi-based films. Tensile tests found that filling Mater-Bi with halloysite induced the most significant improvement of the mechanical performances under traction force, while DMA measurements under the oscillatory regime showed that the polymer glass transition was not affected by the addition of the nanoclay. The tensile properties of the Mater-Bi/halloysite nanotube (HNT) films were competitive compared to those of traditional petroleum plastics in terms of the elastic modulus and stress at the breaking point. Both the mechanical response to the temperature and the tensile properties make the bio-nanocomposites appropriate for food packaging and smart coating purposes. Here, we report a preliminary study of the development of sustainable hybrid materials that could be employed in numerous industrial and technological applications within materials science and pharmaceutics.

MICROCAST-X MAR-M-247

Alloy Digest ◽  
1995 ◽  
Vol 44 (5) ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Grain Size ◽  
Tensile Properties ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Rupture Properties

Abstract The Microcast-X process produces a substantially finer grain size that improves mechanical properties in MAR-M-247 with modest negative impact on rupture properties above 1600 F (871 C). This datasheet provides information on composition, microstructureand tensile properties as well as creep and fatigue. It also includes information on casting. Filing Code: Ni-481. Producer or source: Howmet Corporation.

scholarly journals Mechanical Properties of Spruce Wood Extracted from GLT Beams Loaded by Fire

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (10) ◽  
pp. 5494
Author(s):  
Lucie Kucíková ◽  
Michal Šejnoha ◽  
Tomáš Janda ◽  
Jan Sýkora ◽  
Pavel Padevět ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
High Temperature ◽  
Cross Section ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Tensile Tests ◽  
Thermal Recovery ◽  
Bending Test ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Spruce Wood ◽  
The Impact

Heating wood to high temperature changes either temporarily or permanently its physical properties. This issue is addressed in the present contribution by examining the effect of high temperature on residual mechanical properties of spruce wood, grounding on the results of full-scale fire tests performed on GLT beams. Given these tests, a computational model was developed to provide through-thickness temperature profiles allowing for the estimation of a charring depth on the one hand and on the other hand assigning a particular temperature to each specimen used subsequently in small-scale tensile tests. The measured Young’s moduli and tensile strengths were accompanied by the results from three-point bending test carried out on two groups of beams exposed to fire of a variable duration and differing in the width of the cross-section, b=100 mm (Group 1) and b=160 mm (Group 2). As expected, increasing the fire duration and reducing the initial beam cross-section reduces the residual bending strength. A negative impact of high temperature on residual strength has also been observed from simple tensile tests, although limited to a very narrow layer adjacent to the charring front not even exceeding a typically adopted value of the zero-strength layer d0=7 mm. On the contrary, the impact on stiffness is relatively mild supporting the thermal recovery property of wood.

Enhancing the Thermal and Mechanical Characteristics of Polyvinyl Alcohol (PVA)-Hemp Protein Particles (HPP) Composites

2021 ◽  
Vol 36 (2) ◽  
pp. 137-143
Author(s):  
S. A. Awad
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Elevated Temperatures ◽  
Composite Films ◽  
Tensile Tests ◽  
Mechanical Analysis ◽  
Decomposition Temperature ◽  
Scanning Calorimetry ◽  
Solution Casting Method ◽  
Protein Particles

Abstract This paper aims to describe the thermal, mechanical, and surface properties of a PVA/HPP blend whereby the film was prepared using a solution casting method. The improvements in thermal and mechanical properties of HPP-based PVA composites were investigated. The characterization of pure PVA and PVA composite films included tensile tests, thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). The results of TGA and DSC indicated that the addition of HPP increased the thermal decomposition temperature of the composites. Mechanical properties are significantly improved in PVA/HPP composites. The thermal stability of the PVA composite increased with the increase of HPP filler content. The tensile strength increased from 15.74 ± 0.72 MPa to 27.54 ± 0.45 MPa and the Young’s modulus increased from 282.51 ± 20.56 MPa to 988.69 ± 42.64 MPa for the 12 wt% HPP doped sample. Dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA) revealed that at elevated temperatures, enhanced mechanical properties because of the presence of HPP was even more noticeable. Morphological observations displayed no signs of agglomeration of HPP fillers even in composites with high HPP loading.

Preparation of Cellulose Nanofibrils by High-Pressure Homogenizer and Zein Composite Films

2013 ◽  
Vol 829 ◽  
pp. 534-538 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alireza Shakeri ◽  
Sattar Radmanesh
Keyword(s):  
Atomic Force Microscopy ◽  
High Pressure ◽  
Food Packaging ◽  
Cellulose Nanofibrils ◽  
Composite Films ◽  
Average Diameter ◽  
Nanocomposite Films ◽  
Force Microscopy ◽  
Atomic Force ◽  
High Pressure Homogenizer

Cellulose nanofibrils ( NF ) have several advantages such as biodegradability and safety toward human health. Zein is a biodegradable polymer with potential use in food packaging applications. It appears that polymer nanocomposites are one of the most promising applications of zein films. Cellulose NF were prepared from starting material Microcrystalline cellulose (MCC) by an application of a high-pressure homogenizer at 20,000 psi and treatment consisting of 15 passes. Methods such as atomic force microscopy were used for confirmation of nanoscale size production of cellulose. The average diameter 45 nm were observed. Zeincellulose NF nanocomposite films were prepared by casting ethanol suspensions of Zein with different amounts of cellulose NF in the 0% to 5%wt. The nanocomposites were characterized by using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy ( FTIR ), Atomic force microscopy ( AFM ) and X-ray diffraction ( XRD ) analysis. From the FTIR spectra the various groups present in the Zein blend were monitored. The homogeneity, morphology and crystallinity of the blends were ascertained from the AFM and XRD data, respectively. The thermal resistant of the zein nanocomposite films improved as the nanocellulose content increased. These obtained materials are transparent, flexible and present significantly better physical properties than the corresponding unfilled Zein films.

Preparation and Property of Waterborne Polyurethane/Cellulose Nanofiber Nanocomposite Films

2020 ◽  
Vol 993 ◽  
pp. 631-637
Author(s):  
Yu Zhe Lin ◽  
Jia Min Zeng ◽  
Jing Hong Ma ◽  
Jing Hua Gong
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Cellulose Nanofibers ◽  
Waterborne Polyurethane ◽  
Tensile Tests ◽  
Environmental Safety ◽  
Nanocomposite Films ◽  
Solution Blending ◽  
Low Weight ◽  
New Type ◽  
Dispersing Medium

Waterborne polyurethane (WPU) is a new type of polyurethane system, which using water instead of organic solvent as dispersing medium. Because of its non-toxicity and environmental safety, WPU is considered as the development direction of coatings and adhesives. However, the mechanical properties of WPU are worse than that of solvent-based polyurethane, therefore, the modification of WPU has received increasingly attention. Meanwhile numerous evidences demonstrate the excellent properties of cellulose nanofibers (CNFs) such as high aspect ratio, low weight and outstanding mechanical strength. Therefore, there is a high expectation for CNFs to be introduced into WPU as reinforcing filler. In this work, a series of CNFs/WPU nanocomposite films were prepared by solution blending. The structure, morphology, thermal behavior and mechanical properties were investigated. SEM results showed that CNFs were evenly dispersed in the WPU matrix. Tensile tests indicated that the modulus and tensile strength of CNFs/WPU nanocomposite films were improved compared with the neat film. While the break elongation of the nanocomposite films decreased with the increase of CNFs content. The synergistic interaction between CNFs and WPU matrix plays an important role in the enhancement of mechanical properties.

Effects of Extrusion on the Mechanical Properties and Damping Capacity of Mg-1.8Cu-0.5Mn Alloy

2007 ◽  
Vol 546-549 ◽  
pp. 257-260 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhen Yan Zhang ◽  
Li Ming Peng ◽  
Xiao Qin Zeng ◽  
Lin Du ◽  
Lan Ma ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Tensile Properties ◽  
Room Temperature ◽  
Tensile Tests ◽  
Optical Microscope ◽  
Damping Capacity ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Dynamic Mechanical Analyzer ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Solute Atoms

Effects of extrusion on mechanical properties and damping capacity of Mg-1.8wt.%Cu -0.5wt.%Mn (MCM1805) alloy have been investigated. Tensile tests and dynamic mechanical analyzer were respectively used to measure tensile properties and damping capacity at room temperature of as-cast and as-extruded MCM1805 alloy. The microstructure was studied using optical microscope, X-ray diffraction and scanning electron microscope with an energy dispersive X-ray spectrometer. Granato-Lücke model was used to explain the influences of extrusion on damping capacity of MCM1805 alloy. The results showed that extrusion dramatically decreases the grain size but has little influence on phase composition and solute atoms concentration of MCM1805 alloy, and the grain refinement was the dominant reason for the obvious increase of tensile properties and decrease of internal friction of MCM1805 alloy.

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