Weight perception and symptoms of depression in rural Australian adolescents

2021 ◽  
pp. 103985622110092
Author(s):  
Samuel Skidmore ◽  
Catherine Hawke ◽  
Georgina Luscombe ◽  
Philip Hazell ◽  
Katharine Steinbeck
Keyword(s):  
Demographic Data ◽  
Weight Perception ◽  
World Health ◽  
Actual Weight ◽  
Symptoms Of Depression ◽  
Measured Weight ◽  
Illness Prevention ◽  
Perceived Weight ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Rural Adolescent

Objective To investigate associations between measured and perceived weight, and symptoms of depression in rural Australian adolescents. Method: At baseline a prospective rural adolescent cohort study collected demographic data, measured weight and height, weight self-perception, and presence of depression (Short Mood and Feelings Questionnaire). Using World Health Organisation’s (WHO) age and gender body mass index (BMI) standardisations, participants were classified into four perceptual groups: PG1 healthy/perceived healthy; PG2 overweight/perceived overweight; PG3 healthy/perceived overweight; and PG4 overweight/perceived healthy. Logistic regression analyses explored relationships between these groups and symptoms of depression. Results: Data on adolescents ( n = 339) aged 9–14. PG1 contained 63% of participants, PG2 18%, PG3 4% and PG4 14%. Across the cohort, 32% were overweight and 13% had symptoms of depression. PG2 (overweight/perceived overweight) were more likely to experience symptoms of depression than PG1 (healthy/perceived healthy; Adjusted Odds Ratio [AOR] 3.1, 95% CI 1.5–6.7). Females in PG3 (healthy/perceived overweight) were more likely to experience symptoms of depression (38%) than males (14%) and females in PG1 (10%, AOR 5.4, 95% CI 1.1–28.2). Conclusions: Results suggest that perceptions of being overweight may be a greater predictor for symptoms of depression than actual weight. This has public health implications for youth mental health screening and illness prevention.

scholarly journals The Relationship between Bodyweight Status and Weight Perception Explains Differences in Calories Ordered in a Food Choice Exercise

Nutrients ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (6) ◽  
pp. 1794
Author(s):  
Jean-Claude Mbarushimana ◽  
Christopher R. Gustafson ◽  
Henriette Gitungwa ◽  
Eliana Zeballos
Keyword(s):  
Food Choice ◽  
Weight Status ◽  
Weight Perception ◽  
Relative Weight ◽  
Choice Task ◽  
Dieting Behavior ◽  
Measured Weight ◽  
Perceived Weight ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

Understanding food choice is critical to be able to address the rise in obesity rates around the globe. In this paper, we examine the relationship between measured (BMI, using self-reported height and weight) and perceived weight status with the number of calories ordered in a controlled online food choice exercise. A total of 1044 participants completed an online food choice exercise in which they selected ingredients for a sandwich from five categories: meat/protein, cheese, spread/dressing, bread, and vegetables. We examine the number of calories ordered by participants and use linear regression to study the relationship of BMI category relative to self-reported perceived weight status with calories ordered. As a comparison to previous literature, we also examine the relationship between relative weight status and self-reported dieting behavior using logistic regression. We find that participants perceiving themselves to have a higher BMI than their BMI calculated using height and weight ordered significantly fewer calories and were more likely to report dieting than participants who perceived themselves to have a lower BMI than their calculated BMI. The relationship between perceived weight status and measured weight status explains behavior in a food choice task. Understanding how people perceive their weight may help design effective health messages.

scholarly journals Prevalence of malocclusion and orthodontic treatment needs among 12-15 years old school children of Udaipur, India

2013 ◽  
Vol 07 (S 01) ◽  
pp. S045-S053 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mridula Tak ◽  
Ramesh Nagarajappa ◽  
Archana J Sharda ◽  
Kailash Asawa ◽  
Aniruddh Tak ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gender Difference ◽  
School Children ◽  
Orthodontic Treatment ◽  
Demographic Data ◽  
World Health ◽  
Treatment Needs ◽  
Age And Gender ◽  
Treatment Need ◽  
Anterior Crowding ◽  
And Gender

ABSTRACT Objective: The objective of the study is to assess the prevalence of malocclusion and orthodontic treatment needs among 12-15 years old school children of Udaipur, India. Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional descriptive survey was conducted among 887 subjects aged 12-15 years. The prevalence of malocclusion and orthodontic treatment needs was assessed using dental aesthetic index (World Health Organization, 1997). General information on demographic data was also recorded. Chi-square test, analysis of variance and Scheffe′s test were employed for statistical analysis. Results: Malocclusion and orthodontic treatment need was reported among 33.3% of the study subjects. A significant age and gender difference depicting preponderance among younger age group and a male proclivity was experiential. A significant improvement in anterior crowding and largest anterior maxillary irregularity with age was documented. Males had a significantly higher prevalence of anterior crowding, midline diastema and largest anterior maxillary irregularity than females. Conclusions: The prevalence of malocclusion and orthodontic treatment needs among school children of Udaipur city, Rajasthan, India was found to be 33.3%.A significant age and gender difference was observed in prevalence of malocclusion, crowding and largest anterior maxillary irregularity. Midline diastema showed a significant gender difference. The baseline information outlined in the present study can be appropriately utilized for the future planning to meet the orthodontic treatment need among the population.

scholarly journals Lifting Objects with Power-Assist: Weight-Perception-Based Force Control Concepts to Improve Maneuverability

2011 ◽  
Vol 2-3 ◽  
pp. 277-280 ◽  
Author(s):  
S.M. Mizanoor Rahman ◽  
Ryojun Ikeura ◽  
Soichiro Hayakawa ◽  
Hao Yong Yu
Keyword(s):  
Force Control ◽  
Position Control ◽  
Control Strategies ◽  
Human Subjects ◽  
Weight Perception ◽  
Robot Dynamics ◽  
Robot System ◽  
Actual Weight ◽  
Comparison Results ◽  
Perceived Weight

We developed a 1-DOF power assist robot system to lift objects of different sizes by human subjects. We adopted a hypothesis that weight perception due to inertia might be different from that due to gravity when lifting an object with a power assist robot because the human feels a difference between the actual weight and the perceived weight of the object. We included this hypothesis in the robot dynamics. We then discussed the suitability of force control for the robot for lifting objects and developed several weight-perception-based force control strategies. These force control strategies may be compared to previously developed position control strategies, and the comparison results may help determine appropriate control for the robot to achieve desired maneuverability. The results, as a whole, may help develop human-friendly power assist devices to handle heavy objects in various industries.

scholarly journals Brief communication (Original). The accuracy of the Broselow tape in the weight estimation of Thai children

2014 ◽  
Vol 8 (6) ◽  
pp. 799-807 ◽  
Author(s):  
Piyawan Chiengkriwate ◽  
Rattaporn Donnapee ◽  
Alan Geater
Keyword(s):  
Medical Treatment ◽  
Demographic Data ◽  
Weight Estimation ◽  
Inclusion Criteria ◽  
Color Code ◽  
Drug Dosing ◽  
Actual Weight ◽  
Measured Weight ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Child’S Weight

Abstract Background: The effectiveness of medical treatment depends on proper drug dosing. The most accurate measurement of a child’s weight is by weighing the child on a scale, and can be done for stable children. However, an emergency, or other conditions may preclude normal weighing. The child’s weight must then be estimated quickly for treatment including drug dosages, equipment sizes, ventilator volume settings, and cardioversiondefibrillation. Objectives: To assess the accuracy of the Broselow tape in the weight estimation of Thai children. Methods: Retrospective analysis reviewing the hospital-based data of 4746 Thai children aged less than 15 years. Demographic data, measured weight (MW), and height were collected. The subjects were divided into nine color-coded groups according to the Broselow tape color range and the actual weight plotted according to their groups. Comparison between Broselow tape-predicted weight (TW), height and MW was explored. Results: A total of 3869 children met the inclusion criteria, of whom 2121 (54.8%) were male. The overall agreement between actual weight and predicted weight was 62.1% (range 36.4-90.5 depending on color-code). The mean difference between TW and MW was -3.56% (95% CI -3.964 to -3.150) with SD 12.91%, P < 0.001. TW was within a 10% error for 58% of children. Conclusions: The accuracy of the Broselow tape in the weight estimation of Thai children decreases with increasing height. The Broselow tape underestimates Thai children’s weight.

scholarly journals Ethnicity, migration, and weight misperception: a Born in Bradford study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tiffany C Yang ◽  
Kimberly Parker Truesdale ◽  
Brian Kelly ◽  
Marena Ceballos Rasgado ◽  
Maria J Bryant
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Rating Scale ◽  
Weight Perception ◽  
World Health ◽  
Kappa Statistics ◽  
Visual Scale ◽  
Weight Misperception ◽  
Born In Bradford ◽  
Perceived Weight ◽  
Pakistani Origin

Background: Weight perception may differ by ethnicity but is not well-understood, particularly among migrants to the United Kingdom (UK). It is also unknown whether a figure rating scale (FRS) or perceived weight question (PWQ) is more accurate for assessing body weight perception. Methods: At 24-months postpartum, women in the Born in Bradford cohort (Bradford, UK) completed the 9-item Stunkard FRS and a 7-category PWQ. Both scales were condensed to weight categories representing the World Health Organisation cut-offs. Weighted kappa statistics assessed agreement between measured and perceived weight categories. Chi-squared and Fisher's exact tests assessed categories of misperception by ethnicity and migration and logistic regression was used to examine odds of underestimation. Results: Thirty percent of white British and 23% of Pakistani-origin women had obesity. Agreement between measured and perceived weight categories were similar for white British women using either a visual scale or weight question (FRS: Kappa; [95%CI]: 0.61 [0.56, 0.65]; PWQ: 0.61 [0.55, 0.68)]. Overall agreement was lower for Pakistani-origin women with the visual scale performing better (FRS (0.58 [0.52, 0.63]) vs PWQ (0.47 [0.40, 0.54]). Pakistani-origin women, particularly those born outside the UK, were more likely to underestimate their body weight compared to white British women; this was greater with the PWQ (18% vs 10%; p<0.001) than FRS (14% vs 6%; p<0.001). Pakistani-origin women were 154% more likely to underestimate their body weight compared to white British women with the FRS and 111% more likely to underestimate when using the PWQ. Conclusion: We observed ethnic differences in weight misperception with Pakistani-origin women more likely to underestimate their weight compared to white British women. Our findings suggest visual scales, rather than perceived weight questions, are more appropriate for the self-assessment of body weight.

Breakfast Skipping Is an Independent Predictor of Obesity but not Overweight Among Children in a Southeastern European Population

2016 ◽  
Vol 86 (5-6) ◽  
pp. 242-248 ◽  
Author(s):  
Genc Burazeri ◽  
Jolanda Hyska ◽  
Iris Mone ◽  
Enver Roshi
Keyword(s):  
Task Force ◽  
Demographic Data ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
European Population ◽  
Overweight And Obesity ◽  
World Health ◽  
Communist Country ◽  
Western Balkans ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Breakfast Skipping

Abstract.Aim: To assess the association of breakfast skipping with overweight and obesity among children in Albania, a post-communist country in the Western Balkans, which is undergoing a long and difficult political and socioeconomic transition towards a market-oriented economy. Methods: A nationwide cross-sectional study was carried out in Albania in 2013 including a representative sample of 5810 children aged 7.0 – 9.9 years (49.5% girls aged 8.4 ± 0.6 years and 51.5% boys aged 8.5 ± 0.6 years; overall response rate: 97%). Children were measured for height and weight, and body mass index (BMI) calculated. Cut-off BMI values of the World Health Organization (WHO) and the International Obesity Task Force (IOTF) were used to define overweight and obesity in children. Demographic data were also collected. Results: Upon adjustment for age, sex, and place of residence, breakfast skipping was positively related to obesity (WHO criteria: OR = 1.5, 95% CI = 1.3–1.9; IOTF criteria: OR = 1.9, 95% CI = 1.4–2.5), but not overweight (OR = 1.1, 95% CI = 0.9–1.3 and OR = 1.1, 95% CI = 0.9–1.4, respectively). Furthermore, breakfast skipping was associated with a higher BMI (multivariable-adjusted OR = 1.05, 95% CI = 1.02–1.07). Conclusions: Our findings point to a strong and consistent positive relationship between breakfast skipping and obesity, but not overweight, among children in this transitional southeastern European population. Future studies in Albania and other transitional settings should prospectively examine the causal role of breakfast skipping in the development of overweight and obesity.

scholarly journals Animal Welfare Attitudes: Effects of Gender and Diet in University Samples from 22 Countries

Animals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (7) ◽  
pp. 1893
Author(s):  
Christoph Randler ◽  
Ana Adan ◽  
Maria-Mihaela Antofie ◽  
Arturo Arrona-Palacios ◽  
Manecas Candido ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gender Differences ◽  
Animal Welfare ◽  
Demographic Data ◽  
Vegetarian Diet ◽  
Vegan Diet ◽  
Short Version ◽  
Convenience Sample ◽  
Gender Empowerment ◽  
Welfare Attitudes ◽  
And Gender

Animal Welfare Attitudes (AWA) are defined as human attitudes towards the welfare of animals in different dimensions and settings. Demographic factors, such as age and gender are associated with AWA. The aim of this study was to assess gender differences among university students in a large convenience sample from twenty-two nations in AWA. A total of 7914 people participated in the study (5155 women, 2711 men, 48 diverse). Participants completed a questionnaire that collected demographic data, typical diet and responses to the Composite Respect for Animals Scale Short version (CRAS-S). In addition, we used a measure of gender empowerment from the Human Development Report. The largest variance in AWA was explained by diet, followed by country and gender. In terms of diet, 6385 participants reported to be omnivores, 296 as pescatarian, 637 ate a vegetarian diet and 434 were vegans (n = 162 without answer). Diet was related with CRAS-S scores; people with a vegan diet scored higher in AWA than omnivores. Women scored significantly higher on AWA than men. Furthermore, gender differences in AWA increased as gender inequality decreased.

scholarly journals Coadministration of tizanidine and ciprofloxacin: a retrospective analysis of the WHO pharmacovigilance database

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Annette Rudolph ◽  
Hendrike Dahmke ◽  
Hugo Kupferschmidt ◽  
Andrea Burden ◽  
Stefan Weiler
Keyword(s):  
Real World ◽  
Safety Issue ◽  
Demographic Data ◽  
Fatal Outcome ◽  
Individual Case ◽  
World Health ◽  
Global Database ◽  
The Usa ◽  
Pharmacovigilance Database ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Purpose Tizanidine, an alpha-adrenergic substance with antinociceptive and antihypertensive effects, is extensively metabolized via cytochrome P450 (CYP) 1A2. Therefore, coadministration with potent CYP1A2 inhibitors, such as ciprofloxacin, is contraindicated. However, both drugs are broadly utilized in various countries. Their concomitant use bears an inherent high risk for clinically significant symptoms, especially in multimorbid patients experiencing polypharmacy. This study aims to investigate the impact of coadministration of tizanidine and ciprofloxacin using real-world pharmacovigilance data and to raise awareness of this potentially underestimated safety issue. Methods We conducted a retrospective study including Individual Case Safety Reports (ICSR) registered until March 1, 2017, in the World Health Organization (WHO) global database. Demographic data, drug administration information, the course of the adverse drug reaction (ADR), its severity, and outcomes were analyzed for cases reporting ciprofloxacin comedication. Results In 91 (2.0%) of the identified 4192 worldwide ICSR on tizanidine, coadministration of ciprofloxacin was reported. Most of the patients were female (n = 59, 64.8%) with a median age of 54 years (range 13–85 years). The countries contributing most reports were the USA (n = 54, 59.3%) and Switzerland (n = 16, 17.6%). ADRs reported most often affected the nervous system and the cardiac function, especially with large tizanidine doses or drugs with CNS and cardiovascular depressant effects. In two cases, a fatal outcome was reported. Conclusion Despite the existing formal contraindication, the concomitant use of tizanidine and ciprofloxacin can be observed in real-world clinical practice. Reactions mainly affected the central nervous and the cardiovascular system resulting in potentially severe adverse effects. The concomitant use of tizanidine and ciprofloxacin should absolutely be avoided.

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