Impact of the ovarian cycle and pregnancy on plasma chemistry values in ewes

Normative data for plasma chemistry values in pregnant and non-pregnant reproductive age ewes are scant. Availability of data would aid monitoring of ewe health for both research and veterinary medicine. We determined specific plasma chemistry 95% confidence reference intervals (RIs) in non-pregnant and pregnant ewes. Mixed Western-breed ewes were grouped based on phase of ovarian cycle: luteal ( n = 15), follicular ( n = 17), or late-gestation pregnant ( n = 102). Plasma samples were collected for analysis on a commercial biochemical analyzer. For RIs, chemistry panels for the 3 groups of ewes included nutrients and metabolites (glucose, triglycerides, cholesterol, urea, creatinine, total protein, albumin, and bilirubin), enzymes (lactate dehydrogenase, aspartate transaminase, gamma-glutamyl transferase, alanine aminotransferase, and alkaline phosphatase [ALP]), and micronutrients (calcium, phosphorus, iron, sodium, potassium, and chloride). Sample chemistry values for glucose and total protein in pregnant ewes were lower than in follicular ewes; cholesterol was lower in pregnant and luteal ewes than in follicular ewes. In addition, total bilirubin in pregnant ewes differed from that in luteal ewes, and that in follicular ewes also differed from luteal ewes. ALP in pregnant ewes was higher than other groups; phosphorus in pregnant ewes was lower than in luteal ewes. Iron was higher in pregnant ewes than in luteal ewes, with iron in luteal ewes lower than in follicular ewes. These data provide clinical RIs comparing pregnant and non-pregnant ewes for use in monitoring ewe health in both human research and veterinary medicine.

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Serum biochemistry profile in newborn Senepol and crossbred Holstein x Gir calves aged three to five days in Uberlândia, Minas Gerais, Brazil

Semina Ciências Agrárias ◽

10.5433/1679-0359.2016v37n3p1415 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 37 (3) ◽

pp. 1415

Author(s):

Lara Reis Gomes ◽

Renata Dias Rodrigues ◽

Rafael Rocha de Souza ◽

Amanda Bizare ◽

João Gabriel Knychala Faria ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Total Protein ◽

Serum Biochemistry ◽

Blood Parameters ◽

Minas Gerais ◽

Gamma Glutamyl Transferase ◽

Serum Concentrations ◽

Male And Female ◽

Calcium Phosphorus ◽

Glutamyl Transferase ◽

Physiological Variations

This study aimed to evaluate the physiological variations in the serum biochemical profile of neonate (3-5 days old) Senepol and crossbreed Holstein x Gir calves in Uberlândia, state of Minas Gerais, Brazil, and to compare values between breeds and sexes. In total, 168 healthy Senepol (n = 80, 28 females and 52 males) and crossbred Holstein x Gir (n = 88, 49 females and 39 males) calves were evaluated. From each animal, approximately 5 mL of blood was collected by jugular venipuncture into a sterile tube without anticoagulant to obtain serum. Serum concentrations of total protein, albumin, creatinine, urea, total cholesterol, triglycerides, calcium, and phosphorus; and the activities of alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alkaline phosphatase, and gamma-glutamyl transferase (GGT) were determined on a automated multichannel analyzer. There were significant differences (p < 0.05) in serum concentrations for total protein, globulin, albumin/globulin ratio (A:G), creatinine, urea, phosphorus, calcium/phosphorus ratio (Ca:P), AST, and GGT between Senepol calves and crossbred Holstein x Gir calves, but no significant differences in serum concentrations were observed between male and female calves for either breed (p > 0.05). It was concluded that the serum biochemistry profile of newborn Senepol and crossbred Holstein x Gir calves was affected by differences in colostrum intake management and breed characteristics. Also, no differences in blood parameters were observed between male and female calves.

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ESTABLISHING IN-HOUSE REFERENCE INTERVALS FOR DOGS IN VETERINARY CLINICS

Taiwan Veterinary Journal ◽

10.1142/s1682648515500225 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 42 (02) ◽

pp. 53-67

Author(s):

Shang-Hsiu Chung ◽

Li-Wen Chang ◽

Tsun-Li Cheng ◽

Chen-Jou Lin ◽

Wen-Ying Chen ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Uric Acid ◽

Bile Acid ◽

Biochemical Parameters ◽

Clinical Pathology ◽

Reference Interval ◽

Reference Intervals ◽

Gamma Glutamyl Transferase ◽

Coagulation Parameters ◽

American Society ◽

Glutamyl Transferase

Reference interval (RIs) were critical to the identification of illness. However, RIs set in one laboratory may not be appropriate for another because of biological, geographical and instrumental factors. Interpretation of clinical data using inappropriate RIs may cause misclassification of results and misdiagnosis that lead to improper treatment. RIs in Taiwan have been mostly referencing from foreign resources, it is desirable to establish one that is closer to the overall conditions in Taiwan (such as breed, climate, diseases, etc.) and to investigate its differences to foreign RIs. The present study used the American Society for Veterinary Clinical Pathology (ASVCP) guidelines to establish in-house RIs for hematological, biochemical and coagulation parameters using dogs in middle Taiwan. The results were also compared to two foreign and one local RIs. The results suggested that the hematological RIs are more comparable to foreign RIs than the biochemical and hemostatic parameters. Differences were found for biochemical parameters including gamma-glutamyl transferase (GGT), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), lipase, uric acid, bile acid, bilirubin and magnesium; and coagulation parameters including prothrombin time (PT) and activated partial thromboplastin. In all, 18% (7/40) of the all tested parameters were different from the local RI while 38% (18/48) and 41% (19/46) of the parameters were different from the two foreign RIs. The differences in more than 30% RIs and better similarities to local RIs underscore the importance of having own RIs if possible.

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SERUM GAMMA-GLUTAMYL TRANSFERASE IN ALCOHOLICS, MODERATE DRINKERS AND ABSTAINERS: EFFECT ON GT REFERENCE INTERVALS AT POPULATION LEVEL

Alcohol and Alcoholism ◽

10.1093/alcalc/agh201 ◽

2005 ◽

Vol 40 (6) ◽

pp. 511-514 ◽

Cited By ~ 31

Author(s):

JOHANNA HIETALA ◽

KATRI PUUKKA ◽

HEIDI KOIVISTO ◽

PETRA ANTTILA ◽

ONNI NIEMELÄ

Keyword(s):

Population Level ◽

Reference Intervals ◽

Gamma Glutamyl Transferase ◽

Gamma Glutamyl ◽

Glutamyl Transferase

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Comparison of adiponectin levels and some metabolic parameters in dairy cows with subclinical and clinical ketosis

Medycyna Weterynaryjna ◽

10.21521/mw.6047 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 74 (1) ◽

pp. 6047-2018 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

GULSAH AKGUL ◽

ZAFER MECITOGLU ◽

DUYGU UDUM KUCUKSEN ◽

SEZGIN SENTURK

Keyword(s):

Dairy Cows ◽

Study Groups ◽

Whole Body ◽

Control Group ◽

Gamma Glutamyl Transferase ◽

Subclinical Ketosis ◽

Study Selection ◽

Early Postpartum ◽

Calcium Phosphorus ◽

Glutamyl Transferase

The aim of the presented study was to evaluate the relationship between adiponectin and non-esterified fatty acids (NEFA), β-hydroxybutyric acid (BHBA), glucose, albumin, Gamma-Glutamyl Transferase (GGT), calcium, phosphorus and Blood Urea Nitrogen (BUN) levels in healthy cows and cows suffering clinical or subclinical ketosis in the early postpartum period. A total of 45 Holstein-Fresian dairy cows, consisting of 15 with clinical ketosis, 15 with subclinical ketosis and 15 healthy controls, was used in the study. Selection of animals was based on blood BHBA levels and urine ketone strip results on day 7 after parturition. Blood adiponectin, NEFA, glucose, albumin, GGT, calcium, phosphorus and BUN were also measured on day 7 postpartum. Adiponectin levels were significantly lower in both Clinical Ketosis and Subclinical Ketosis groups compared to the control group. NEFA levels were higher and glucose and calcium levels were lower in both ketosis groups when compared to the control animals. On the other hand, blood albumin, GGT, phosphorus and BUN levels did not differ among study groups. Based on the results of the study, it can be stated that adiponectin may play a role in the pathogenesis of ketosis. This role could be lower milk yield and better energy balance in early postpartum dairy cows with high adiponectin levels due to increased whole body tissue insulin sensitivity..

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Metabolic profile of lactating goats fed integral mango meal

Revista Brasileira de Saúde e Produção Animal ◽

10.1590/s1519-99402015000400012 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 16 (4) ◽

pp. 885-892

Author(s):

Janaina de Lima SILVA ◽

Adriana GUIM ◽

Francisco Fernando Ramos de CARVALHO ◽

Carla Wanderley MATTOS ◽

Diogo Anastácio GARCIA ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Experimental Design ◽

Total Protein ◽

Metabolic Profile ◽

Latin Square ◽

Gamma Glutamyl Transferase ◽

Dairy Goats ◽

Lactating Goats ◽

Four Levels ◽

Glutamyl Transferase ◽

Forage:Concentrate Ratio

SUMMARY The work was conducted to evaluate the metabolic profile of lactating goats fed diets containing integral mango meal as a replacement for corn. Four levels of replacement (0, 33, 66 and 100%) were evaluated in diets with forage:concentrate ratio of 60:40. Eight crossbred multiparous lactating Saanen goats (48.72 ± 1.99 kg of BW) were introduced in the experiment 48 days postpartum and maintained up to 124 days of lactation. It was used a double Latin Square (4x4) experimental design, with four treatments, four periods and four animals per square. There was no effects (P>0.05) for the integral mango meal level on the intake of DM (1890 g/day), CP (278 g/day) and NDF (959 g/day). However, the intake of NFC and TDN decreased (P<0.05) 27.9 g/day and 0.082 kg/day, respectively, as the dietary integral mango meal increased. The concentrations of urea, creatinine, gamma glutamyl transferase, aspartate aminotransferase, albumin, total protein, glucose, triglycerides, total cholesterol, and magnesium were not altered (P>0.05) by replacement levels, with average values of 54.52 mg/dl, 0.71 mg/dl, 52.59 UI, 77.37 UI, 4.69 g/dl, 9.32 g/dl, 74.44 mg/dl, 40.10 mg/dl, 39.39 mg/dl, and 11.09 mg/dl, respectively. Considering the metabolic profile, mango meal whole can totally replace corn in diets of dairy goats.

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Can calf age be estimated using a combination of serum gamma-glutamyl transferase, total protein and immunoglobulin G?

Research in Veterinary Science ◽

10.1016/j.rvsc.2021.10.002 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Natalie Roadknight ◽

William Wales ◽

Ellen Jongman ◽

Natalie Courtman ◽

Peter Mansell ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Immunoglobulin G ◽

Total Protein ◽

Gamma Glutamyl Transferase ◽

Gamma Glutamyl ◽

Glutamyl Transferase

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Complex toxin binder mycotox® ng influence on the hepatotoxic effect of aflatoxin B1 in experimental treated goslings

Agricultural Science and Technology ◽

10.15547/ast.2020.03.037 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 12 (3) ◽

pp. 234-240

Author(s):

I. Valchev ◽

К. Stojanchev ◽

N. Nicolov ◽

R. Binev

Keyword(s):

Aflatoxin B1 ◽

Total Protein ◽

Blood Chemistry ◽

Control Group ◽

Gamma Glutamyl Transferase ◽

Group Iii ◽

Group I ◽

Hepatotoxic Effect ◽

Group 2 ◽

Glutamyl Transferase

Abstarct. The aim of the present investigation was to evaluate the effects of aflatoxin B1 and Mycotox NG applied either independently or together, on blood total protein, albumin, blood glucose, total bilirubin, triglycerides, cholesterol, enzyme activities of alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alkaline phosphatase (AP), gamma-glutamyl transferase (γ GT), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) and changes in liver morphology. At the same time, the potential of supplementation of feed with a mycosorbent (Mycotox NG) was evaluated. Experiments were carried out with 40 1-day-old Toulouse geese from mixed sexes divided into one control and three treatment groups (n=10). Groups were as followed: Group I – control (0 mg/kg AFB1 not supplemented with Mycotox NG); Group II (0.5 g/kg Mycotox NG), Group III (0.5 mg/kg AFB1) and Group IV (0.5 mg/kg AFB1 and 0.5 g/kg Mycotox NG). In this study, commercially available geese of Toulouse strain were reared from day one to forty two days in the deep litter system of management and the birds were divided into four groups. Normal feed tested free of aflatoxin (AFB1), was given to the control (Group – 1). 0.5 g/kg Mycotox was supplemented with the feed to Group 2, Aflatoxin (0.5 mg/kg feed) was supplemented with the feed to Group 3 and Mycotox Ng (0.5 g/kg feed) + 0.5 mg/kg feed AFB1 was supplemented with the feed to Group 4. The duration of the experiments was 42 days. The monitored blood chemical parameters were analysed on post treatment days 21 and 42. In birds treated only with AFB1, (group III) increased blood activities of studied enzymes. At the same time, blood total protein, albumin, cholesterol, glucose and triglycerides were reduced as compared to controls. The observed histopathological changes in the liver consisted in various extent of dystrophy (congestion, vacuolar and granular dystrophy, round cell proliferation, necrobiotic changes, hyperplasia of gallbladder epithelium). The addition of mycosorbent (Mycotox NG) to the feed of Groups IV reduced substantially the changes in blood chemistry and the severity and frequency of liver histological lesions. The addition of mycosorbent (Mycotox NG) to the feed of Groups IV reduced substantially the changes in blood chemistry and the severity and frequency of liver histological lesions.

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Serum Biochemical, Hormonal and Fatty Acid Profiles During the Late Gestation of Pregnancy Ketosis in Boer Cross Goats

Jurnal Ilmu Ternak dan Veteriner ◽

10.14334/jitv.v23i4.1922 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 23 (4) ◽

pp. 180

Author(s):

A. A. Affan ◽

FMA Amirul ◽

AAA Ghani ◽

S Annas ◽

M Zamri-Saad ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Fatty Acid ◽

Potassium Chloride ◽

Clinical Signs ◽

Late Gestation ◽

Control Group ◽

Gamma Glutamyl Transferase ◽

Fatty Acid Profiles ◽

Sodium Potassium ◽

Glutamyl Transferase ◽

In Pregnancy

Pregnancy ketosis has been recognized as one of the common metabolic disease affecting goat’s meat and milk production. For the present study, sixteen (n=16) individuals of pregnant does at day 80 of pregnancy had been used. A total of 8 does were categorized as control group (healthy pregnant goats), were fed on Napier grass and goat concentrate with water ad libitum, and another 8 does were considered as treatment group which categorized as ketosis based on the clinical signs and presence of ketone body in urine. Blood sample were collected from all goats for biochemical profiles analysis which were glucose, Beta-hydroxybutyrate (BHBA), free fatty acid (FFA), calcium, electrolytes (sodium, potassium, chloride), liver enzyme and hormonal levels (cortisol and insulin). Three does from each group were slaughtered and liver samples were collected for fatty acid profiles study. In this study, the BHBA, FFA, calcium, amino aspartate transferase (AST), gamma glutamyl transferase (GGT) and cortisol hormone were significantly higher in pregnancy ketosis goats as compared to control group. Meanwhile, the concentration of glucose, sodium, potassium, chloride and insulin hormones were lower in pregnancy ketosis goats as compared to control. Furthermore, the fatty acid composition in blood plasma of pregnant goat with ketosis showed higher level of palmitic, stearic and oleic acid, while in liver, palmitic, oleic and linoleic acid was found higher.

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Effect of parasitic infestation on carpal synovial constituents in donkeys (Equus asinus)

BULGARIAN JOURNAL OF VETERINARY MEDICINE ◽

10.15547/bjvm.2019-0115 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 24 (3) ◽

pp. 409-421

Author(s):

M. A. H. Abdelhakiem ◽

G. I. Soliman ◽

M. Rushdi ◽

H. K. Elsayed

Keyword(s):

Synovial Fluid ◽

Total Protein ◽

Biochemical Parameters ◽

Gamma Glutamyl Transferase ◽

Parasitic Infestation ◽

Parascaris Equorum ◽

Glucose Levels ◽

Fluid Analysis ◽

Glutamyl Transferase ◽

And Control

The present study was carried out to examine the physical, microscopical and biochemical parameters of the synovial fluid from the carpal joints of donkeys suffering from Strongylus spp. and Parascaris equorum infestation. Forty-five donkeys were selected out from a total of sixty animals based on faecal analysis. Animals were divided into 3 groups, which included Strongylus spp. (n=23), mixed infestation (n=17, Strongylus spp. and Parascaris equorum) and control (n=5) groups. The aspirated synovial fluid from all animals (n=45) was examined physically and microscopically. Then, the total protein, albumin, globulins, calcium, phosphorus, magnesium, glucose levels, and gamma glutamyl transferase (GGT) and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activities were measured in the serum and synovial fluid of all animals. The results revealed no changes of the physical and microscopical features of the synovial fluid of the infested and control animals but there were significant decreases in total protein, albumin, globulin, glucose and magnesium levels in the serum of Strongylus and mixed infection groups. The synovial fluid analysis exhibited an increase of calcium and phosphorus levels, and ALP activity, and decreased levels of total protein, glucose and GGT in Strongylus and mixed groups. The results of this study suggested significant changes in some biochemical parameters in both serum and synovial fluids in donkeys suffering from parasitic infestation.

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