scholarly journals Visual Inquiry: Exploring Embodied Organizational Practices by Collaborative Film-Elicitation

2018 ◽  
Vol 29 (1) ◽  
pp. 59-75 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gudrun R. Skjælaaen ◽  
Arne Lindseth Bygdås ◽  
Aina Landsverk Hagen
Keyword(s):  
Lived Experience ◽  
Visual Analysis ◽  
Organizational Practices ◽  
Visual Research ◽  
Enactive Approach ◽  
Video Research ◽  
Powerful Means ◽  
Social Conduct ◽  
Collaborative Sensemaking ◽  
Ethnographic Data

Analysis of visual data is underdeveloped in visual research, and this article gives a methodological contribution on how to perform collaborative video research on organizational practices, combining ethnographic methods and intervention through film-elicitation. We provide guidance for how to (a) collect ethnographic data with (and without) camera, (b) make preparations for film-elicitation, and (c) facilitate collaborative sensemaking with participants. Building on an enactive approach, we argue that film-elicitation based on a preliminary visual analysis and categorization conducted by researchers reenacts the immediacy and vitality of lived experience. This is done through enabling organizational members to create communicative constructs of the culturally embedded, inarticulate, and embodied aspects of social conduct. As such, we argue that video research is a powerful means for process-oriented theories concerned with capturing the multiplicity of organizational practices.

scholarly journals Conducting Video Research in the Social and Solidarity Economy

2016 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 40-55
Author(s):  
Sara Calvo ◽  
Andres Morales
Keyword(s):  
Social Justice ◽  
Research Methods ◽  
Solidarity Economy ◽  
Visual Research ◽  
Video Research ◽  
Local Practices ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Potential Use

This paper focuses on the potential use of visual research for the study of the social and solidarity economy, by presenting some of the methodological insights and challenges that arise for the use of video research in the study of such initiatives reflecting on the authors experience of the Living in Minca project. This paper contributes to advancing the debate on the use of non-conventional research methods and the impact that visual researchers can make by empowering small and local practices, which are part of the so-called ‘Cinderella' economy towards social justice and reaching audiences outside academia.

scholarly journals Meditation in Contemporary Monastic Life

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Caroline Starkey
Keyword(s):  
Lived Experience ◽  
Multiple Roles ◽  
British Isles ◽  
Role Function ◽  
Monastic Life ◽  
History Of ◽  
Ethnographic Data ◽  
Experiences Of Women

This chapter examines the multiple roles that meditation plays in the lives of contemporary Buddhist monastics. Specifically, and drawing on rich ethnographic data, it focuses on the experiences of women who have taken Buddhist ordination within six different Buddhist groups and lineages in the British Isles. This chapter provides a brief history of the lived experience of meditation among emerging and established Buddhist monastic groups in Britain and an analysis of the role, function, and value of meditation practices, particularly among women. It makes comparisons between women of different Buddhist traditions in their approach to meditation and considers the implications of this for understanding the function of meditation in the Buddhist monastic tradition. Underpinning this approach is a challenge to assumptions about the individualistic nature of meditation in the contemporary West, emphasizing its communal role among monastic women in Britain.

scholarly journals Knowing Groundlessness: An Enactive Approach to a Shift From Cognition to Non-Dual Awareness

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel Meling
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Science ◽  
Lived Experience ◽  
Theoretical Framework ◽  
Context Dependency ◽  
Sense Making ◽  
Enactive Approach ◽  
Science Discourse ◽  
Theoretical Statement ◽  
Underlying Principle ◽  
Reflexive Analysis

The enactive approach has become an influential paradigm in cognitive science. One of its most important claims is that cognition is sense-making: to cognize is to enact a world of meaning. Thus, a world is not pregiven but enacted through sense-making. Most importantly, sense-making is not a fixed process or thing. It does not have substantial existence. Instead, it is groundless: it springs from a dynamic of relations, without substantial ground. Thereby, as all cognition is groundless, this groundlessness is considered the central underlying principle of cognition. This article takes that key concept of the enactive approach and argues that it is not only a theoretical statement. Rather, groundlessness is directly accessible in lived experience. The two guiding questions of this article concern that lived experience of groundlessness: (1) What is it to know groundlessness? (2) How can one know groundlessness? Accordingly, it elaborates (1) how this knowing of groundlessness fits into the theoretical framework of the enactive approach. Also, it describes (2) how it can be directly experienced when certain requirements are met. In an additional reflexive analysis, the context-dependency and observer-relativity of those statements themselves is highlighted. Through those steps, this article exhibits the importance of knowing groundlessness for a cognitive science discourse: this underlying groundlessness is not only the “ground” of cognition, but it also can be investigated empirically through lived experience. However, it requires a methodology that is radically different from classical cognitive science. This article ends with envisioning a future praxis of cognitive science which enables researchers to investigate not only theoretically but empirically the “foundationless foundation” of cognition: groundlessness.

scholarly journals Analysis and Simulation of Dynamic Vision in the City

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 64-89
Author(s):  
Fang Xu
Keyword(s):  
Participatory Design ◽  
Visual Analysis ◽  
Urban Environments ◽  
Visual Research ◽  
Dynamic Vision ◽  
Computer Aided ◽  
Design Protocol ◽  
The City ◽  
Research And Design ◽  
Support Evaluation

This paper proposes a computer-aided Dynamic Visual Research and Design Protocol for environmental designers to analyze humans’ dynamic visual experiences in the city and to simulate dynamic vision in the design process. The Protocol recommends using action cameras to collect massive dynamic visual data from participants’ first-person perspectives. It prescribes a computer-aided visual analysis approach to produce cinematic charts and storyboards, which further afford qualitative interpretations for aesthetic assessment and discussion. Employing real-time 3D simulation technologies, the Protocol enables the simulation of people’s dynamic vision in designed urban environments to support evaluation in design. Detailed contents and merits of the Protocol were demonstrated by its application in the Urbanscape Studio, a community participatory design course based at Watertown, South Dakota.

Understanding Exclusionary Inclusion

2019 ◽  
pp. 56-83
Author(s):  
Natasha Behl
Keyword(s):  
Civil Society ◽  
Lived Experience ◽  
Gender Equality ◽  
Participant Observation ◽  
Public Policies ◽  
Observation Data ◽  
Associational Life ◽  
Research Participants ◽  
Ethnographic Data ◽  
Informal Rules

Chapters 4 utilizes interview and participant observation data to focus on Sikh women’s lived experience of exclusionary inclusion in civil society and the home. Chapter 4 demonstrates how research participants construct the category of woman in relation to home and marriage, and how they naturalize exclusionary inclusion through the following unwritten and informal rules: (1) women’s rights and duties, (2) public policies, (3) women’s religiosity, (4) women’s purity, and (5) women as perpetual outsiders. A majority of research participants understand gender equality and religious autonomy as competing goals, which makes it more difficult to achieve equality. The ethnographic data reveals that Sikh women do not experience civil society as an uncoerced space of voluntary associational life, and they do not experience the home as a place of safety, security, and respect. Rather they experience exclusionary inclusion in both these spaces.

An exploration of the public space and its activities1 in a Finnish primary school

2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 203-220 ◽  
Author(s):  
Perttu Männistö
Keyword(s):  
Primary School ◽  
Lived Experience ◽  
Public Space ◽  
Labour Force ◽  
Active Participation ◽  
The Public ◽  
Research Article ◽  
The People ◽  
Ethnographic Data ◽  
School Tasks

Finnish schools are often pictured as models for open-ended, child-oriented and dialogic education. In this research article, I approached these phenomena by analysing the organization of a public space in one Finnish school. I used Hannah Arendt’s ([1958] 2013) phenomenological concepts ‐ action and labour ‐ to analyse what kind of consequences the organization of the public space of one Finnish school and the activities promoted within it has on the actions and thinking of the students. Did the studied school promote students active participation in the society or did it rather prepare the labour force for the society to keep functioning as it is? In phenomenology, the goal is to study the lived experience of the informants ‐ in this case, of the people acting in the public space of a school. I collected the ethnographic data that was used in the article by doing observations and interviews in one Finnish school in two separate classrooms in the autumn of 2015. My findings elucidate that not everyone was treated equally within the public space of the school. More so, students did not have real opportunities to act freely, i.e. politically and collectively in the school because power was in the hands of the teachers. The students were mostly taught to labour individually, internalize proper behaviour and were recognized through their labour represented by school tasks. Furthermore, most of the classes were packed full, which meant that constant hurry was the pace for life in the school during most of the days. This again made the realization of activities, which would represent action, nigh impossible in the first place.

scholarly journals Every picture tells a story: Combining interpretative phenomenological analysis with visual research

2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (5-6) ◽  
pp. 1007-1021
Author(s):  
Angie Bartoli
Keyword(s):  
Social Work ◽  
Lived Experience ◽  
Research Methodology ◽  
Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis ◽  
Research Process ◽  
Phenomenological Analysis ◽  
Visual Research ◽  
The Social ◽  
Social Work Practitioners ◽  
Stage Process

This article will present a methodological critique of the research process which combines participant-generated imagery with interpretative phenomenological analysis. This critique is based upon a research study which aimed to understand how social work practitioners experience their transition into first-line management. This study was particularly concerned with understanding feelings associated with role transitions within social work, as it is an under-researched area of practice. The data (verbal and visual) collected from the study was analysed using an adaptation of the interpretative phenomenological analysis’s six-stage process. A rationale is provided to illustrate the synergy between the underlying principles of interpretative phenomenological analysis as a research methodology and the social work profession, together with the need to adopt a nuanced and innovative approach through the utilisation of visual research methodology. Limitations and possibilities associated with combining these two research approaches will be illustrated through a series of examples from the study. It will conclude that the synergy of research approaches contributes to a deeper understanding of lived experience.

KEEPING ABREAST OF THE MAYA: A STUDY OF THE FEMALE BODY IN MAYA ART

2011 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 167-183
Author(s):  
Andrea J. Stone
Keyword(s):  
Visual Analysis ◽  
Medical Discourse ◽  
Late Classic ◽  
Women's Bodies ◽  
Ethnographic Studies ◽  
Female Breast ◽  
Female Stereotypes ◽  
Ethnographic Data ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Shed Light

AbstractThis paper discusses the importance of female breasts in gender construction in Maya art and explains artistic conventions and choices in their deployment. The visual analysis focuses on Late Classic pictorial vases and ceramic figurines. Rather than reflecting a natural body, the female breast was filtered through a cultural lens that drove its highly conceptual rendering in Maya art, mirrored in a breast hieroglyph. Through the principle of contrast, including morphology and absence vs. presence of breasts in specific pictorial contexts, Maya artists constructed female personae varying in age, class, supernatural status, and gender ambiguity. In order to flesh out the layered meaning of the breast, the paper turns to ethnographic studies of modern Maya medicine concerning the hot-cold system. It is argued that ethnographic data on women's bodies in medical discourse shed light on how the breast served as an index of age-based female stereotypes.

scholarly journals Correlational network visual analysis of adolescents’ film entertainment responses

2021 ◽  
Vol 34 (1) ◽  
pp. 157-175
Author(s):  
María-T. Soto-Sanfiel ◽  
Isabel Villegas-Simón ◽  
Ariadna Angulo-Brunet
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Context ◽  
Visual Analysis ◽  
Empirical Studies ◽  
Media Communication ◽  
Visual Research ◽  
Perceived Realism ◽  
Audiovisual Stimulus ◽  
Shed Light ◽  
Hedonic Enjoyment

This study aims to shed light on adolescents’ characterizations of their preferred film entertainment. It seeks to describe the psychological responses of youngsters from two European countries (Italy and Spain) to dramas from the European region about current social/human issues. The study also seeks to determine if the adolescents’ responses differ according to the film and the cultural context (country) to which they belong. For doing so, the research applies an innovative visual research technique in Media Communication: a correlational network analysis. A total of 234 Italian and Spanish adolescents watched three European dramas. Later, they completed four questionnaires measuring hedonic (enjoyment), eudaimonic (appreciation) responses and predictors of them (narrative engagement and perceived realism). The results present the visual intercorrelations of the studied variables, which give deeper insights into youngsters’ gratifications in film consumption. These results suggest that films appear to be more influential than country in adolescents’ responses. They also show there are specific models of responses for each film in each situation. The application of the visual quantitative tool broadens our knowledge on adolescents’ entertainment through dramatic film and on the role of the cultural context and the audiovisual stimulus in the entertainment responses. It also challenges empirical studies using a single stimulus.

Icons in the Lived Experience of American Orthodox Christians

2019 ◽  
Vol 53 (3) ◽  
pp. 364-383
Author(s):  
Amy A. Slagle
Keyword(s):  
Mass Media ◽  
Lived Experience ◽  
Participant Observation ◽  
Orthodox Church ◽  
Divine Presence ◽  
Devotional Practice ◽  
The Status ◽  
Ethnographic Data ◽  
Multiple Media

Abstract This article explores how American Orthodox Christians today use and interpret icons in the course of their everyday devotional lives. Drawing upon ethnographic data collected through participant observation and interviews with parishioners of an Orthodox Church in Mississippi in 2015, I highlight the ways that diverse and multiple media within a wider American context of “buffet-style” spiritual appropriation affect informant considerations of and interactions with icons. Fundamental to this article is the tension between informants’ experiences with icons as the conveyance of divine “presence” and the concerns they express over the extent to which American commodification and mass-media cultures threaten the status and sacrality of images in Orthodox devotional practice.

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