Culture-dependent diversity profiling of spoilage yeasts species by PCR-RFLP comparative analysis

2019 ◽  
Vol 25 (8) ◽  
pp. 671-679
Author(s):  
Kereng M Corbett ◽  
Olga de Smidt
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Rflp Analysis ◽  
Action Planning ◽  
Economic Losses ◽  
Process Equipment ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Control Panel ◽  
Production Environment ◽  
Spoilage Yeasts ◽  
Pcr Rflp

Spoilage caused by yeasts is a constant, widespread problem in the beverage industry that can result in major economic losses. Fruit juices provide an environment that allows the proliferation of yeast. Some factories in South Africa are not equipped with laboratory facilities to identify spoilage yeasts and outsourcing becomes a prolonged process which obstructs corrective action planning. This study aimed to establish yeast diversity and apply a rapid method for preliminary identification of spoilage yeasts associated with a small-scale fruit juice bottling factory. Yeast population in the factory was determined by isolation from the production environment, process equipment and spoiled products. PCR-RFLP analysis targeting the 5.8S-ITS region and D1/D2 sequencing was used for identification. A total of 207 yeasts belonging to 10 different genera ( Candida, Lodderomyces, Wickerhamomyces, Yarrowia, Zygosaccharomyces, Zygoascus, Cryptococcus, Filobasidium, Rhodotorula/Cystobasidium and Trichosporon) were isolated and identified from the production environment and processing equipment. Candida intermedia, C. parapsilosis and Lodderomyces elongisporus were widely distributed in the factory. Zygosaccharomyces bailii, Z. bisporus, Zygoascus hellenicus and Saccharomyces cerevisiae were isolated from the spoiled products. The data provided a yeast control panel that was used successfully to identify unknown yeasts in spoiled products from this factory using polymerase chain reaction-restriction length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) comparative analysis.

scholarly journals Molecular Detection of Toxoplasma gondii and Neospora caninum in Domestic Ducks in Hunan Province, China

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qiu-Yan Lv ◽  
He-Liang Zheng ◽  
Wen-He Yang ◽  
Guo-Hua Liu
Keyword(s):  
Toxoplasma Gondii ◽  
Neospora Caninum ◽  
Rflp Analysis ◽  
Hunan Province ◽  
Economic Losses ◽  
Domestic Ducks ◽  
New Information ◽  
B1 Gene ◽  
Pcr Rflp ◽  
Polymerase Chain

Toxoplasma gondii and Neospora caninum are protozoan parasites that infect warm-blooded animals, and cause major economic losses in livestock industries worldwide. However, little is known about the genotypes of T. gondii and N. caninum in domestic ducks in China. Herein, brain samples from 588 domestic ducks from Hunan province in China were examined for the presence of T. gondii and N. caninum. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was used to detect T. gondii B1 gene and N. caninum NC-5 gene. Forty-five DNA samples (7.7%; 95% CI: 5.5–9.9) were positive for B1 gene, and two (0.3%; 95% CI: 0–0.7) were positive for NC-5 gene. The risk factors significantly associated with T. gondii infection were age and sex. The 45 samples positive for T. gondii were genotyped using multi-locus PCR-RFLP analysis and only one sample was fully genotyped as ToxoDB#9 (Chinese I). These results provide new information about the epidemiology of T. gondii and N. caninum in ducks in Hunan province in China. The data also highlight the importance of a “One Health” approach to dealing with toxoplasmosis.

Evaluation of haploid diversity of sows of the Large White breed of the pedigree factory of the State enterprise “Experimental enterprise “imeni 9 Sіchnja”

2020 ◽  
pp. 68-73
Author(s):  
Ruslan Hodyna ◽  
Valeriia Matiiuk ◽  
Tetiana Buslyk ◽  
Konstiantyn Pochernyaev
Keyword(s):  
Rflp Analysis ◽  
Ion Exchange Resin ◽  
The State ◽  
State Enterprise ◽  
Production Environment ◽  
Large White ◽  
Mitochondrial Haplotypes ◽  
Large White Breed ◽  
Pcr Rflp ◽  
White Breed

The development and use of effective selection programs accelerated the genetic improvement of breeds, advances in feeding technology allowed for optimal nutrition, and the creation of identical and strictly controlled production conditions, a uniform and strictly controlled production environment led to the replacement of local pig breeds with highly productive transboundary breeds. This development of the industry has led to increased concern about the erosion of genetic resources. The number of purebred boars of the Large White breed in 1973 amounted to 98.3 % of the total number of boars of this breed, and sows - 38.9 %. These data allow us to assume that significant haploid diversity could persist in the individual pedigree factory of the Large White breed. Thus, the subject of our study was the assessment of the haploid diversity of the Large White sows of the pedigree factory of the State enterprise “Experimental enterprise “imeni 9 Sіchnja”, the Institute of Pig Breeding and AIP NAAS of Ukraine. For the study, samples of the bristles of 25 sows of the Large White breed of the SE "Experimental enterprise "imeni 9 Sіchnja" of the Institute of Pig Breeding and AIP NAAS of Ukraine, representing all families. DNA isolation from bristles was performed using a Chelex-100 ion exchange resin. Mitochondrial haplotypes were determined using PCR-RFLP analysis according K. F. Pochernyaev (2016). Among the sample of breeding pigs of the Large White breed of the SE “Experimental enterprise “imeni 9 Sіchnja”, mitochondrial haplotypes B1, B2, C, G, and J1 were identified. In previous studies, seven mitochondrial haplotypes were found among pigs of the Large White breed of Ukraine, which were found with different frequencies. The haplotypes G (14.1 %), J1 (13.3 %) and N (5.91 %) were found with the highest frequency; much less often - haplotypes A (0.3 %), B1 (1.9 %), C (9.2 %) and L (2.2 %). Thus, our studies have shown that the mitochondrial haplotypes B1, B2, C, G, J1 found in the sample of breeding pigs of the Large White breed of the SE «Experimental enterprise «imeni 9 Sіchnja» typical for pigs of the Large White breed of Ukraine except haplotype B2. Important for the restoration of the Mirgorod breed of pigs is the existence in the herd of pigs of the Large White breed of the SE “Experimental entewrprise“imeni 9 Sіchnja” animals having haplotype B1 inherent to Myrgorod breed. Thus, our studies have shown that in sows of the Large White breed breeding farm SE “Experimental enterprise “imeni 9 Sіchnja”, significant haploid diversity remains, which must be maintained at a high level in the future. Key words: pigs, the Large White breed, haplotype, mitochondrial genome, PCR-RFLP.

Molecular authentication of Thai medicinal plant Khamin khruea by PCR-RFLP analysis

Planta Medica ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 74 (09) ◽  
Author(s):  
P Rojsanga ◽  
W Gritsanapan ◽  
W Leelamanit ◽  
S Sukrong
Keyword(s):  
Medicinal Plant ◽  
Rflp Analysis ◽  
Molecular Authentication ◽  
Pcr Rflp

Genetic and Biochemical Markers of Ovarian Function and Their Impact on Women Reproductive Status

2020 ◽  
Vol 71 (10) ◽  
pp. 212-217
Author(s):  
Adina-Elena Tanase ◽  
Roxana Popescu ◽  
Mircea Onofriescu ◽  
Roxana Daniela Matasariu
Keyword(s):  
Ovarian Function ◽  
Rflp Analysis ◽  
Fsh Receptor ◽  
Gene Encoding ◽  
Female Population ◽  
Fshr Gene ◽  
Pcr Rflp ◽  
Regulation Mechanisms ◽  
American Society ◽  
Dependent Mechanism

Endometriosis is a disease very common nowadays affecting 1-2% of the female population, by estrogen-dependent mechanism. The identification of mutations in the gene encoding for the FSH receptor (FSHR) has been reported since 1995. Physiology teaches us that follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) is a hormone that is vital in the steroidogenesis regulation mechanisms, while FSH receptor (FSHR) activation helps to promote folliculogenesis and estrogensynthesis. Therefore, studies to show if there are any correlations between endometriosis and FSHR are acquired. Genotyping of FSHR gene polymorphisms were performed using PCR - Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) analysis. We analysed a total of 78 patients, 44 infertile patients with endometriosis and 34 controls (non-infertile, pregnant patients). The endometriosis group included women with diagnosis of endo-metriosis confirmed by laparoscopy and /or laparotomy and histological evidence of disease with the endometriosis staging according to American Society for Reproductive Medicine (ASRM). Corroborated with the severity of endometriosis, A919G and A2039G tests found that 71.4% of the M (GG) results were associated with primary infertility, not statistically significant (p=0.994) and 42.9% of the total M results had moderate or severe forms of endometriosis (p = 0.185). The genetic involvement in different pathologies such as endometriosis, has yet to be understood, but knowing more about its mechanism, will help physician target the disease at a more profound level.

scholarly journals Fully Automated Cultivation of Adipose-Derived Stem Cells in the StemCellDiscovery—A Robotic Laboratory for Small-Scale, High-Throughput Cell Production Including Deep Learning-Based Confluence Estimation

Processes ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 575
Author(s):  
Jelena Ochs ◽  
Ferdinand Biermann ◽  
Tobias Piotrowski ◽  
Frederik Erkens ◽  
Bastian Nießing ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Deep Learning ◽  
High Throughput ◽  
High Speed ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Human Mesenchymal Stem Cells ◽  
Simulation Software ◽  
System Capacity ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Production Environment

Laboratory automation is a key driver in biotechnology and an enabler for powerful new technologies and applications. In particular, in the field of personalized therapies, automation in research and production is a prerequisite for achieving cost efficiency and broad availability of tailored treatments. For this reason, we present the StemCellDiscovery, a fully automated robotic laboratory for the cultivation of human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs) in small scale and in parallel. While the system can handle different kinds of adherent cells, here, we focus on the cultivation of adipose-derived hMSCs. The StemCellDiscovery provides an in-line visual quality control for automated confluence estimation, which is realized by combining high-speed microscopy with deep learning-based image processing. We demonstrate the feasibility of the algorithm to detect hMSCs in culture at different densities and calculate confluences based on the resulting image. Furthermore, we show that the StemCellDiscovery is capable of expanding adipose-derived hMSCs in a fully automated manner using the confluence estimation algorithm. In order to estimate the system capacity under high-throughput conditions, we modeled the production environment in a simulation software. The simulations of the production process indicate that the robotic laboratory is capable of handling more than 95 cell culture plates per day.

scholarly journals Unmanned Aerial Vehicles for Wildland Fires: Sensing, Perception, Cooperation and Assistance

Drones ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 15
Author(s):  
Moulay A. Akhloufi ◽  
Andy Couturier ◽  
Nicolás A. Castro
Keyword(s):  
Unmanned Aerial Vehicles ◽  
Wildland Fire ◽  
Fire Intensity ◽  
Economic Losses ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Environmental Damage ◽  
Unmanned Aerial Systems ◽  
Wildland Fires ◽  
Natural Risk ◽  
Aerial Vehicles

Wildfires represent a significant natural risk causing economic losses, human death and environmental damage. In recent years, the world has seen an increase in fire intensity and frequency. Research has been conducted towards the development of dedicated solutions for wildland fire assistance and fighting. Systems were proposed for the remote detection and tracking of fires. These systems have shown improvements in the area of efficient data collection and fire characterization within small-scale environments. However, wildland fires cover large areas making some of the proposed ground-based systems unsuitable for optimal coverage. To tackle this limitation, unmanned aerial vehicles (UAV) and unmanned aerial systems (UAS) were proposed. UAVs have proven to be useful due to their maneuverability, allowing for the implementation of remote sensing, allocation strategies and task planning. They can provide a low-cost alternative for the prevention, detection and real-time support of firefighting. In this paper, previous works related to the use of UAV in wildland fires are reviewed. Onboard sensor instruments, fire perception algorithms and coordination strategies are considered. In addition, some of the recent frameworks proposing the use of both aerial vehicles and unmanned ground vehicles (UGV) for a more efficient wildland firefighting strategy at a larger scale are presented.

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