Influence of process variables on the hydrolysis of shark muscle protein / Influencia de las variables de proceso en la hidrólisis de proteína del músculo de tiburón

1998 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 91-98 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. Mendonça Diniz ◽  
A.M. Martin
Keyword(s):  
Muscle Protein ◽  
Squalus Acanthias ◽  
Degree Of Hydrolysis ◽  
Soluble Nitrogen ◽  
Process Variables ◽  
Optimum Conditions ◽  
Enzyme Substrate ◽  
Wet Weight ◽  
Substrate Ratio ◽  
Hydrolysis Of

Muscle tissue from the spiny dogfish ( Squalus acanthias) was enzymatically hydrolysed using a bacterial endopeptidase. The influence of the process variables (temperature, pH, enzyme/ substrate ratio and reaction time) was investigated with regards to the extent of proteolytic degra dation and the recovery of soluble nitrogen from the substrate. Maximum significant nitrogen recovery (NR) was found to be 76.2%, in a 2 h proteolytic reaction. Optimum conditions were 55 °C, pH 8.0 and an enzyme/substrate ratio of 40 mg enzyme/g minced shark muscle (wet weight basis). Under these conditions, a degree of hydrolysis (DH) of 18.6% was obtained. A linear corre lation ( R2 = 0.99) was found to exist between the two measured parameters, NR and DH.

Optimization of the Enzymatic Hydrolysis of Tilapia Frames

2012 ◽  
Vol 554-556 ◽  
pp. 1387-1394
Author(s):  
He Jian Xiong ◽  
Longfei Cao ◽  
Huajun You ◽  
Qingpi Yan ◽  
Ying Ma
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Enzymatic Hydrolysis ◽  
Free Amino Acids ◽  
Free Amino ◽  
Protein Supplementation ◽  
Degree Of Hydrolysis ◽  
Enzyme Substrate ◽  
Initial Ph ◽  
Substrate Ratio ◽  
Hydrolysis Of

Tilapia frames were subjected to enzymatic hydrolysis using Flavouzryme and Papain with a ratio of 2:1. The relationship of temperature (40 to 60°C), enzyme: substrate ratio (0.5% to 4.5%), initial pH (6.0 to 8.0) and hydrolysis time (1h to 9h) to the degree of hydrolysis were determined. The enzymatic hydrolysis was optimized for maximum degree of hydrolysis using surface response methodology. The optimum conditions for enzymatic hydrolysis of tilapia frames were temperature 53°C, enzyme : substrate ratio of 3.5%, initial pH 7.2, and reaction time 7h. Under these conditions a degree of hydrolysis of 40.01% were obtained. The yield of free amino acids in the hydrolysate was 46.61mg/g tilapia frames. The flavor amino acids and essential amino acids occupied up to 31.8% and 49.0% of the total free amino acids respectively. The hydrolysate of waste tilapia frames showed good potential for applications such as protein supplementation in food system.

Artificial neuronal networks (ANN) to model the hydrolysis of goat milk protein by subtilisin and trypsin

2018 ◽  
Vol 85 (3) ◽  
pp. 339-346 ◽  
Author(s):  
Francisco Javier Espejo-Carpio ◽  
Raúl Pérez-Gálvez ◽  
Antonio Guadix ◽  
Emilia María Guadix
Keyword(s):  
Milk Protein ◽  
Binding Capacity ◽  
Goat Milk ◽  
Degree Of Hydrolysis ◽  
Enzymatic Reactions ◽  
Water Binding ◽  
Enzyme Substrate ◽  
Ann Models ◽  
Substrate Ratio ◽  
Hydrolysis Of

The enzymatic hydrolysis of milk proteins yield final products with improved properties and reduced allergenicity. The degree of hydrolysis (DH) influences both technological (e.g., solubility, water binding capacity) and biological (e.g., angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibition, antioxidation) properties of the resulting hydrolysate. Phenomenological models are unable to reproduce the complexity of enzymatic reactions in dairy systems. However, empirical approaches offer high predictability and can be easily transposed to different substrates and enzymes. In this work, the DH of goat milk protein by subtilisin and trypsin was modelled by feedforward artificial neural networks (ANN). To this end, we produced a set of protein hydrolysates, employing various reaction temperatures and enzyme/substrate ratios, based on an experimental design. The time evolution of the DH was monitored and processed to generate the ANN models. Extensive hydrolysis is desirable because a high DH enhances some bioactivities in the final hydrolysate, such as antioxidant or antihypertensive. The optimization of both ANN models led to a maximal DH of 23·47% at 56·4 °C and enzyme–substrate ratio of 5% for subtilisin, while hydrolysis with trypsin reached a maximum of 21·3% at 35 °C and an enzyme–substrate ratio of 4%.

Poultry By-Products and Enzymatic Hydrolysis: Optimization by Response Surface Methodology Using Alcalase® 2.4L

2011 ◽  
Vol 7 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ali Taheri ◽  
Abdolmohammad Abedian Kenari ◽  
Ali Motamedzadegan ◽  
Mehran Habibi-Rezaei
Keyword(s):  
Response Surface Methodology ◽  
Response Surface ◽  
G Protein ◽  
Protein Hydrolysate ◽  
Nitrogen Recovery ◽  
Degree Of Hydrolysis ◽  
Optimum Conditions ◽  
Enzyme Substrate ◽  
Substrate Ratio ◽  
By Products

The objective of this study was to determine the optimum conditions for production of a poultry by-product hydrolysate by Alcalase® 2.4L. Response surface methodology was conducted to ascertain this aim. The effects of enzyme/substrate ratio (Anson unit/g protein), time (minute) and temperature (°C) were determined. The responses included the degree of hydrolysis (%) and nitrogen recovery (%) at pH 8.5. The model showed a good fit, since the R2 = 0.981 for DH and the R2 = 0.968 for nitrogen recovery indicated that 98.1% and 96.8% of the variability within the range of values studied could be explained by the models. Furthermore, lack of fit of the models was not significant (p<0.05). Optimum conditions were an enzyme/substrate ratio of 0.05 Anson unit/g protein, a time of 85.64 minutes and a temperature of 45.52°C. The predicted responses were 26.14% DH and 81.38% nitrogen recovery. Histidine and methionine were the limiting amino acids in the hydrolysate. These results showed that this optimized assay is suitable to screen for protein hydrolysate production from poultry by-products. This work suggests that the protein hydrolysate could be a good protein source in fish diets and a functional additive in the food industry.

Optimized Hydrolysis of Antler Residue

2013 ◽  
Vol 850-851 ◽  
pp. 1145-1148
Author(s):  
Wei Jiang ◽  
Yong Guang Yin
Keyword(s):  
Electric Field ◽  
Field Intensity ◽  
Electric Field Intensity ◽  
Pulse Number ◽  
Degree Of Hydrolysis ◽  
Optimum Conditions ◽  
High Solubility ◽  
Mixed Acid ◽  
Collagen Peptide ◽  
Hydrolysis Of

Mixed acid content, electric field intensity and pulse number were optimized by response surface methodology (RSM) for protein degree of hydrolysis (DH). The results indicated that the optimum conditions were E/S 4.0%, acid concentration 0.586 mol/L, electric field intensity 19kV/cm, pulse number 8, the DH of 19.3±0.34 % were obtained. In the present study, it is feasible to utilization of antler residue in a novel nutraceutical material with a high solubility for calcium and an easy absorption for collagen peptide to people who acalcerosis.

Optimization of enzymatic protein hydrolysis conditions of Asiatic hard clam (Meretrix meretrix)

Food Research ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
pp. 153-162
Author(s):  
M.K. Zainol ◽  
F.W. Abdul Sukor ◽  
A. Fisal ◽  
T.C. Tuan Zainazor ◽  
M.R. Abdul Wahab ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Enzymatic Hydrolysis ◽  
Protein Hydrolysate ◽  
Hard Clam ◽  
Degree Of Hydrolysis ◽  
Protein Hydrolysis ◽  
Meretrix Meretrix ◽  
Optimum Conditions ◽  
Hydrolysis Time ◽  
Hydrolysis Conditions ◽  
Hydrolysis Of

This study was aimed to optimise the Alcalase® enzymatic hydrolysis extraction of Asiatic hard clam (AHC) (Meretrix meretrix) protein hydrolysate in terms of hydrolysis time, hydrolysis temperature, hydrolysis pH, and concentration of enzyme. Protein hydrolysate produced from AHC (M. meretrix) meat was used to determine the optimum hydrolysis conditions. Hydrolysis of AHC meat was optimised using the Central Composite Design Response Surface Methodology (RSM) (CCD). The relationship between four parameters such as temperature (45 – 65°C), enzyme to substrate concentration (1 – 2%), hydrolysis time (60 – 180 mins), and pH (7.5 – 9.5) to the degree of hydrolysis was investigated. The optimum conditions for enzymatic hydrolysis of AHC meat to achieve the maximum degree of hydrolysis (DH) were observed at 65°C, enzyme to substrate concentration of 1%, hydrolysis time of 60 mins, and pH 7.5. The enzymatic protein hydrolysis of AHC meat was predicted using a two factors interaction (2FI) model. Under these optimum conditions, DH's predicted value was 97.41%, which was close to the experimental value (97.89%). The freeze-dried protein hydrolysate powder was characterized concerning the proximate composition. Proximate analysis revealed that the AHC meat contains 7.92±1.76% of moisture, 2.23±0.89% of crude fat, 1.98±0.82 of ash, and 10.53±0.04% of crude protein. While the Asiatic hard clam protein hydrolysate (AHCPH) composed 9.12±0.02% of moisture, 0.80±0.29% of crude fat, and 27.76±0.10% of ash. The protein hydrolysate produced also contained high protein content (50.09±0.88%) and may serve as a good protein source.

Optimization of Solid State Fermentation to Improve the Degree of Hydrolysis Soybean Meal Protein

2013 ◽  
Vol 690-693 ◽  
pp. 1239-1242
Author(s):  
Feng Jia ◽  
Bing Qian Han ◽  
Jun Jun Guan ◽  
Guo Hao Yang ◽  
Jin Shui Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bacillus Subtilis ◽  
Solid State ◽  
Solid State Fermentation ◽  
Soybean Meal ◽  
Growth Conditions ◽  
Degree Of Hydrolysis ◽  
Optimum Conditions ◽  
Meal Protein ◽  
Hydrolysis Of

In this study, the optimization of soybean meal by solid state fermentation was investigated using temperature of start, the ratio of material to water and inoculums concentration. This work showed that temperature and moisture are the factors that most strongly influence SSF byBacillus subtilisBS-GA15 using soybean meal as substrate. The growth conditions that optimize degree of hydrolysis production are temperature of start at 30 °C, soybean meal and water at a ratio of 1:1.0(w/w), and inoculums concentration at 10%. In optimum conditions degree of hydrolysis of 13.14% was obtained.

Optimisation of the hydrolysis of goat milk protein for the production of ACE-inhibitory peptides

2013 ◽  
Vol 80 (2) ◽  
pp. 214-222 ◽  
Author(s):  
Francisco Javier Espejo-Carpio ◽  
Raúl Pérez-Gálvez ◽  
Emilia M Guadix ◽  
Antonio Guadix
Keyword(s):  
Inhibitory Activity ◽  
Milk Protein ◽  
Goat Milk ◽  
Degree Of Hydrolysis ◽  
Ace Inhibitory Activity ◽  
Enzyme Substrate ◽  
Substrate Ratio ◽  
Input Variables ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Ace Inhibitory

Goat milk protein was hydrolysed with subtilisin and trypsin. As input variables, temperature was assayed in the interval 45–70 °C for subtilisin and 30–55 °C for trypsin, while the enzyme-substrate ratio varied from 1 to 5%. The effect of the input variables on the degree of hydrolysis and ACE-inhibitory activity (output variables) was modelled by second order polynomials, which were able to fit the experimental data with deviations below 10%. The individual maximum values of the degree of hydrolysis and the ACE-inhibitory activity were found at conflicting conditions of temperature and enzyme-substrate ratio. Since such maximum values could not be reached simultaneously, a bi-objective optimisation procedure was undertaken, producing a set of non-inferior solutions that weighted both objectives.

scholarly journals Enzyme-Catalyzed Production of Potato Galactan-Oligosaccharides and Its Optimization by Response Surface Methodology

Materials ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (9) ◽  
pp. 1465 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mirian Angelene González-Ayón ◽  
Ángel Licea-Claveríe ◽  
José Benigno Valdez-Torres ◽  
Lorenzo A. Picos-Corrales ◽  
Rosabel Vélez-de la Rocha ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Response Surface Methodology ◽  
Response Surface ◽  
Degree Of Polymerization ◽  
Enzyme Substrate ◽  
Low Degree ◽  
Ft Ir ◽  
Cellvibrio Japonicus ◽  
Substrate Ratio ◽  
Optimized Conditions ◽  
Hydrolysis Of

This work shows an optimized enzymatic hydrolysis of high molecular weight potato galactan yielding pectic galactan-oligosaccharides (PGOs), where endo-β-1,4-galactanase (galactanase) from Cellvibrio japonicus and Clostridium thermocellum was used. For this, response surface methodology (RSM) by central composite design (CCD) was applied. The parameters varied were temperature (°C), pH, incubation time (min), and enzyme/substrate ratio (U/mg). The optimized conditions for the production of low degree of polymerization (DP) PGOs were obtained for each enzyme by spectrophotometric assay and confirmed by chromatography. The optimal conditions predicted for the use of C. japonicus galactanase to obtain PGOs of DP = 2 were T = 51.8 °C, pH 5, E/S = 0.508 U/mg, and t = 77.5 min. For DP = 3, they were T = 21 °C, pH 9, E/S = 0.484 U/mg, and t = 12.5 min; and for DP = 4, they were T = 21 °C, pH 5, E/S = 0.462 U/mg, and t = 12.5 min. The efficiency results were 51.3% for substrate hydrolysis. C. thermocellum galactanase had a lower yield (35.7%) and optimized conditions predicted for PGOs of DP = 2 were T = 60 °C, pH 5, E/S = 0.525 U/mg, and time = 148 min; DP = 3 were T = 59.7 °C, pH 5, E/S = 0.506 U/mg, and time = 12.5 min; and DP = 4, were T = 34.5 °C, pH 11, E/S = 0.525 U/mg, and time = 222.5 min. Fourier transformed infrared (FT-IR) and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) characterizations of PGOs are presented.

scholarly journals MODELAMIENTO DE LA CINÉTICA DE HIDRÓLISIS ENZIMÁTICA DE PROTEÍNAS DEL PLASMA BOVINO (MODELING OF THE KINETICS OF ENZYMATIC HYDROLYSIS OF BOVINE PLASMA PROTEINS)

Revista EIA ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 9 (17) ◽  
pp. 71
Author(s):  
Omar Alfredo Figueroa ◽  
José Édgar Zapata ◽  
Gail Albeiro Gutiérrez
Keyword(s):  
Kinetic Model ◽  
Plasma Proteins ◽  
Batch Reactor ◽  
Degree Of Hydrolysis ◽  
Order Kinetic ◽  
Enzyme Substrate ◽  
Bovine Plasma ◽  
Order Kinetic Model ◽  
Rate Of Hydrolysis ◽  
Hydrolysis Of

Se utilizó un modelo cinético para estudiar la velocidad de reacción en la hidrólisis de proteínas de plasma de bovino con alcalasa 2,4 L en un reactor batch. Se estudió la influencia de variables como la concentración inicial de sustrato y enzima sobre el grado de hidrólisis y se determinaron los parámetros cinéticos de la ecuación de velocidad, analizando su relación con las variables de trabajo. Se ajustó un modelo cinético de orden cero y desactivación enzimática por sustrato, de segundo orden, así como la relación directa entre la fracción enzima-sustrato y la tasa de formación de productos de hidrólisis.Abstract: A kinetic model was used to study the reaction rate of hydrolysis of bovine plasma proteins and alcalase 2.4 L, in a batch reactor. The influence of variables, such as the concentration of initial enzyme substrate and the degree of hydrolysis was studied, and kinetic parameters of the rate equation were determined by analyzing its relationship with the work variables. A zero-order kinetic model and enzyme deactivation by substrate was found, as well as the direct relationship between the fraction of enzyme-substrate and the rate of formation of hydrolysis products.

scholarly journals The Hydrolysis of Fish Protein from Giant Mudskipper (Periophthalmodon Schlosseri) using Alcalase Enzyme

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 1056-1063
Author(s):  
Edison Edison ◽  
Dewita Dewita ◽  
Rahman Karnila ◽  
Dessy Yoswaty
Keyword(s):  
Protein Hydrolysate ◽  
Enzyme Concentration ◽  
Degree Of Hydrolysis ◽  
Fish Protein ◽  
Optimum Conditions ◽  
Tidal Area ◽  
Periophthalmodon Schlosseri ◽  
Fish Protein Hydrolysate ◽  
Typical Habitat ◽  
Hydrolysis Of

Giant mudskippers (Periophthalmodon schlosseri) are amphibious fish and considered as endemic fish, so it can not be found in any other place and they live in a typical habitat in a tidal area with the mud of mangroves. Mudskipper These fish is relatively untapped as food source. This research aims to obtain the optimum conditions of enzyme concentration, pH, temperature, and hydrolysis incubation time on the degress of hydrolysis of alcalase enzyme in giant mudskipper (P. schlosseri). The production of fish protein hydrolysate was conducted by varying one parameter at a time to determine its effect without considering interactions with other parameters. The results obtained optimum hydrolysis at 1.5% alcalase concentration of protein weight, pH 7.5, temperature 50°C, and the duration of hydrolysis 2 hours. The degree of hydrolysis produced at the optimum condition was 67.44%.

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