Disabled sexualities: A theoretical review of sociological approaches and a call to problematize the normative/non-normative dialectic

Sexualities ◽  
2020 ◽  
pp. 136346072097389
Author(s):  
Kyle Callen
Keyword(s):  
People With Disabilities ◽  
Social Contexts ◽  
Disabled People ◽  
Sexual Empowerment ◽  
Theoretical Perspectives ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Dialectical Relationship ◽  
1960S And 1970S ◽  
The 1960S ◽  
Sociological Approaches

In the aftermath of the disability rights movement of the 1960s and 1970s, a number of disability activists and scholars began calling for increased attention to the sexual lives of people with disabilities. The result has been a wide range of research that has explored both the sexual marginalization and sexual empowerment of disabled people across diverse groups and social contexts. Indeed, while a number of reviews of research on disabled sexualities have already been written, they have either been too narrowly focused on niche topics, or provide such a broad overview of disabled sexuality that they do not adequately discuss the different theoretical perspectives guiding such research. In this paper, I offer more developed articulations of the theoretical perspectives underpinning scholarship on the sexualities of people with disabilities, and call for a “reproblematizing” of the complex dialectical relationship between “normative” and “non-normative” deployments of sexuality that go into acts of “queering” and sexual empowerment amongst disabled people.

Generational Spillover in the Resistance to Trump

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nancy Whittier
Keyword(s):  
Generation X ◽  
Mutual Influence ◽  
Organizational Structures ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Political Generations ◽  
1960S And 1970S ◽  
The 1960S

The anti-Trump Resistance involves activists from an unusually wide range of political and chronological generations: movement veterans from the 1960s and 1970s, Generation X activists politicized in the 1980s and 1990s, Millennials who entered activism in the 2000s, and newcomers of all ages. Political generations differ in worldview based on both age and time of entry into activism. Generational spillover—the mutual influence, difference, and conflict among political generations—includes explicit attempts to teach organizing, and indirect influences on frames, organizational structures, tactics, ideologies, and goals. This chapter discusses generational spillover in the Resistance, including transmission and conflict.

Marketing as a response to paradox and norms in the 1960s and 1970s

2013 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 47-70 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maureen A. Bourassa ◽  
Peggy H. Cunningham ◽  
Jay M. Handelman
Keyword(s):  
Social Norms ◽  
Marketing Strategy ◽  
Strategic Marketing ◽  
Chain Store ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Time Period ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Strategic Behaviors ◽  
1960S And 1970S ◽  
The 1960S

PurposeThis study seeks to investigate the interaction between marketers' strategic behaviors, social norms, and societal stakeholders within a particular historical time period, the 1960s and 1970s.Design/methodology/approachThe study's findings are based on an analysis of two dominant retail industry trade publications, Chain Store Age and Progressive Grocer.FindingsThe analysis reveals an intriguing array of strategic marketing activity throughout these two decades not captured in considerations of marketing strategy at the time. The retailers examined engaged in two interesting behaviors. First, they responded to a wide range of stakeholder demands in a paradoxical fashion. Second, as retailers were confronted with social norms, instead of conforming to these norms they worked to help influence and shape them to their own advantage. This examination of retailers' behaviors over two decades has allowed the authors to present an intriguing new dimension to the understanding of marketing strategy.Originality/valueThe study found that throughout the 1960s and 1970s, marketers appeared to be actively engaged in a social dialogue. Through this dialogue, they not only responded to norms, but also attempted to shape the norms that came to define legitimate behavior for the marketers. This kind of strategic marketing endeavor was not accounted for in the managerial school of thought that dominated marketing thinking at the time.

Buddhist Art and Architecture in Tibet

Buddhism ◽  
2010 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Gray
Keyword(s):  
Early Stage ◽  
Buddhist Art ◽  
Tibetan Diaspora ◽  
Stage Of Development ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Tremendous Amount ◽  
Chinese Scholars ◽  
1960S And 1970S ◽  
The 1960S ◽  
Art And Architecture

Fifty years ago, Tibetan art and architecture were fields in an early stage of development in the West. Early Western knowledge of Tibetan art and architecture was largely due to the pioneering work of early 20th-century scholars such as Giuseppe Tucci, Joseph Hackin, and Alice Getty. These fields have developed significantly over the past few decades, for multiple reasons. These reasons include general growth in interest in Tibetan culture and religion following the Chinese occupation of Tibet, and in the Tibetan diaspora, from the 1950s onward. The Cultural Revolution in the 1960s and 1970s in China led to the destruction of a tremendous amount of Tibetan art and architecture, and to the displacement within China of many works of Tibetan art that were not destroyed. However, the opening of China to the outside world in the post-Mao era led to the growing availability of Tibetan art on international art markets and gave foreign scholars access to surviving architectural monuments. This has led to a rapid growth in the understanding of Tibetan art history and stylistics. This work has been undertaken by a wide range of scholars, from North America and Europe, as well as Japan and India. More recently, there has also been considerable growth in scholarship within China by Tibetan and Han Chinese scholars.

South Korea during the Park Chung Hee Era: Explaining Korea’s Developmental Decades

2013 ◽  
Vol 41 (2) ◽  
pp. 175-192
Author(s):  
Kurtuluş Gemici
Keyword(s):  
Economic Development ◽  
South Korea ◽  
Social Transformation ◽  
Critical Evaluation ◽  
Developmental State ◽  
Theoretical Perspectives ◽  
Park Chung Hee ◽  
History Of ◽  
1960S And 1970S ◽  
The 1960S

Abstract Despite the voluminous literature on South Korea’s rapid economic development and social transformation in the 1960s and 1970s, the literature in English on Park Chung Hee — the political figure who indelibly marked this era — is still lacking. Furthermore, the existing studies approach the subject of Korea’s fateful decades from general theoretical perspectives, such as the developmental state. This approach inevitably flattens out historical particularity in the process. A recent edited volume, The Park Chung Hee Era: The Transformation of South Korea, fills these gaps by bringing political history back into the study of Korean modernization. The goal of this review essay is a critical evaluation of this volume’s contribution to scholarship on South Korea. It is posited that The Park Chung Hee Era throws light on topics such as Park’s leadership that have been hitherto neglected in the analysis of arguably the most consequential decades in the history of South Korea. However, while the edited volume mounts an effective criticism of existing perspectives on Korea’s developmental decades under Park Chung Hee’s rule, it is less successful in offering a consistent framework to analyze different causal factors shaping the Korean trajectory of economic development.

scholarly journals A brief note on the history of psychosurgery in Japan

2017 ◽  
Vol 43 (3) ◽  
pp. E13 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jiro Nudeshima ◽  
Takaomi Taira
Keyword(s):  
Psychiatric Disorders ◽  
New Left ◽  
Negative Influence ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Neurosurgical Treatment ◽  
History Of ◽  
1960S And 1970S ◽  
The 1960S ◽  
Surgical Treatments ◽  
Left Movement

In Japan, there has been no neurosurgical treatment for psychiatric disorders since the 1970s. Even deep brain stimulation (DBS) has not been studied or used for psychiatric disorders. Neurosurgery for psychiatric disorders has been thwarted by social taboos for many years, and psychiatrists today seem to simply ignore modern developments and therapies offered by neurosurgery such as DBS. As a result, most patients and their families do not know such “last-resort” options exist.Historically, as in other countries, frontal lobotomies were widely performed in Japan in the 1940s and 1950s, and some Japanese neurosurgeons used stereotactic methods for the treatment of psychiatric disorders until the 1960s. However, in the 1960s and 1970s such surgical treatments began to receive condemnation based on political judgment, rather than on medical and scientific evaluation. Protest campaigns at the time hinged on the prevailing political beliefs, forming a part of the new “left” movement against leading authorities across a wide range of societal institutions including medical schools. Finally, the Japanese Society for Psychiatry and Neurology banned the surgical treatment for psychiatric disorders in 1975. Even today, Japan’s dark history continues to exert an enormous negative influence on neurosurgery for psychiatric disorders.

Human Rights Organizations in Turkey

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Başak Çalı
Keyword(s):  
Human Rights ◽  
Military Coup ◽  
Transformative Power ◽  
Eu Membership ◽  
Human Rights Organizations ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
1960S And 1970S ◽  
The 1960S ◽  
The Military ◽  
The Impact

This chapter analyzes the origins and the development of human rights organizations in Turkey since 1945. It first offers an overview of the limited number of elite organizations established between 1946 and 1974 and the initial skepticism toward human rights activism in the country in the 1960s and 1970s among grass-roots political movements. It then discusses the importance of two major events, the military coup in 1980 and the start of the armed conflict between the Turkish security forces and the PKK in 1984, for the development of human rights–based activism in the 1980s. The chapter then turns to the 1990s, characterized by the proliferation of human rights organizations and diversification of focus areas, ranging from LGBT rights to the rights of women to manifest their religion by wearing headscarves. It links these dynamics to the global rise of human rights activism in the 1990s and the subsequent appropriation of the human rights lexicon by a wide range of domestic social movements. The chapter moves forward with a discussion of the further proliferation of human rights organizations well into the 2000s as Turkey’s EU membership process boosted democratization and pluralism. The chapter ends with an assessment of the impact of the Adalet ve Kalkınma Partisi’s authoritarian turn on the transformative power and horizons of human rights organizations in the 2010s.

Decisions by the African Commission on Individual Communications under the African Charter on Human and Peoples' Rights

1997 ◽  
Vol 46 (2) ◽  
pp. 412-434 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rachel Murray
Keyword(s):  
Human Rights ◽  
United Nations ◽  
African Unity ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Protection Of Human Rights ◽  
African Charter ◽  
1960S And 1970S ◽  
The 1960S ◽  
Heads Of State ◽  
African Commission

The African Charter on Human and Peoples' Rights, adopted by the 18th Assembly of the Heads of State and Government of the Organisation of African Unity in Nairobi in 1981, which came into force in 1986, provided for a single commission with a wide range of powers in respect of the rights in the Charter. This was as a result of an initiative for an African regional mechanism for the protection of human rights by African jurists and subsequent conferences in the 1960s and 1970s, many of which were organised by the United Nations. In these debates several possibilities were raised for the form that such a body should take: from a proposal for several commissions, given the disparate and diverse cultural and political nature of African States a court, a specialised commission within the Organisation of African Unity (OAU), to a single commission. Not only was its structure contentious but also its functions, in particular whether these should include a protective as well as a promotional mandate and what such protective powers should be.

scholarly journals Gibson’s Ecological Theory of Development and Affordances: A Brief Review

2015 ◽  
Vol 2 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mina Khatibi ◽  
Razieh Sheikholeslami
Keyword(s):  
Ecological Theory ◽  
Ecological Approach ◽  
Learning And Development ◽  
Meaningful Information ◽  
Action Systems ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
1960S And 1970S ◽  
The 1960S ◽  
Nonhuman Species ◽  
Perception Action

This review describes the key ideas of the influential psychologist Eleanor J. Gibson, developed over 70 years of research with infants, children, adults, and a wide range of nonhuman species. Gibson’s ecological approach to perceptual learning and development describes how perception—extracting meaningful information from the environment to guide actions adaptively—improves with experience, the acquisition of new means of exploration, and the development of new perception-action systems (Adolph and Kretch). The Gibson’s ecological theory is a theory of human development that was created by American psychologist Eleanor J. Gibson during the 1960s and 1970s. Gibson emphasized the importance of environment and context in learning. Perception is important because it allows humans to adapt to their environment. Gibson stated that children learn to detect information that specifies objects, events, and layouts in the world that they can use for their daily activities (Miller, 2002).

scholarly journals Polityka społeczna wobec osób niepełnosprawnych w Polsce

2017 ◽  
Vol 21 ◽  
pp. 82-95
Author(s):  
Krzysztof Sala
Keyword(s):  
Economic Policy ◽  
Social Policy ◽  
Statistical Data ◽  
People With Disabilities ◽  
Disabled People ◽  
Local Authorities ◽  
Persons With Disabilities ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
The Disabled

Social policy towards people with disabilities in PolandThe problem of disability is an element of social and economic policy of the stateIn Poland, disability affects every tenth person and is present in every fourth household. The wide range of actions is aimed at equality and improvement of the situation of people with disabilities through elimination of architectural, legal or mental barriers.The aim of the publication was to present selected elements of social policy towards the disabled people in Poland, by an indication of the task purpose fund responsible for this area PFRON and the tasks of local authorities in this matter.The publication is based on the available literature, statistical data and netography. The article presents briefly the nature and genesis of the concept of disability. It presents as well characteristics of the scale of disability in Poland and discusses the evolution of approaches to persons with disabilities in time.

A Window and a Basement: Negotiating Hospitality at La Galerie Des Locataires and Podroom–The Working Community of Artists

ARTMargins ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 1 (2–3) ◽  
pp. 116-146
Author(s):  
Ivana Bago
Keyword(s):  
Conceptual Framework ◽  
Jacques Derrida ◽  
Self Management ◽  
Immaterial Labor ◽  
Self Organized ◽  
Theoretical Perspectives ◽  
Working Community ◽  
1960S And 1970S ◽  
The 1960S ◽  
Work And Life

The text proposes a comparative reading of two self-organized projects of the 1970s, Podroom — the Working Community of Artists, founded in 1978 by a group of artists in Zagreb, and La Galerie des Locataires, founded in 1972 in Paris by art historian Ida Biard. The analysis addresses the issue of work/labor as one of the key preoccupations of both projects, situating it within the theoretical perspectives that define the crisis of Fordist labor in the 1960s and 1970s, as well as its resolution in the transition to the post-Fordist era with its emphasis on immaterial labor, keeping in mind the specificities this transition implied in the context of Western capitalism and socialist self-management in Yugoslavia. Since confronting these questions in the examples of the two discussed projects involved primarily a search for autonomous and non-servile spaces — for art, work and life — they are examined here within an overarching conceptual framework of hospitality as discussed by Jacques Derrida.

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