Fictitious online victimization: Exploration and creation of a measurement instrument

2020 ◽  
pp. 146144482096007
Author(s):  
Sara Erreygers ◽  
Michelle Symons ◽  
Heidi Vandebosch ◽  
Sara Pabian
Keyword(s):  
Measurement Instrument ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Self Esteem ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Subjective Well Being ◽  
Future Studies ◽  
Online Victimization ◽  
Qualitative And Quantitative ◽  
Self Harm ◽  
Positive Correlations

Reports of a handful of tragic cyberbullying cases, where assumed victims have committed suicide, have revealed that purported cyberbullying attacks are sometimes actually created by the victim himself or herself (using a fake name or posting anonymously). This phenomenon has been named self-cyberbullying, fictitious cyberbullying, digital self-harm, or digital Munchausen. To date, only a few studies have examined this phenomenon to a limited extent. Via a qualitative and quantitative survey, this study further explored forms, motives, contents, means, platforms, and pretended identities of fictitious online victimization in adolescents. In addition, in order to support future research on this topic, first steps were taken to develop and validate an index to assess fictitious online victimization. Positive correlations were found with traditional and cyberbullying and self-harm and negative correlations with self-esteem, subjective well-being, and life satisfaction. These results add to our understanding of the phenomenon and may lay the groundwork for future studies.

Societal Conditions and the Gender Difference in Well-Being

2017 ◽  
Vol 43 (3) ◽  
pp. 329-336 ◽  
Author(s):  
Miron Zuckerman ◽  
Chen Li ◽  
Edward F. Diener
Keyword(s):  
Gender Difference ◽  
Negative Emotion ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Self Esteem ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Subjective Well Being ◽  
Quadratic Relation ◽  
Women And Gender ◽  
And Gender

Findings from a meta-analysis on gender differences in self-esteem (Zuckerman et al., 2016) suggest that the relation between the degree to which societal conditions are favorable to women and gender difference in self-esteem might be quadratic; when conditions improve, women’s self-esteem (relative to that of men) trends downward but when conditions continue to improve, women’s self-esteem begins to trend upward. Testing whether these relations generalize to subjective well-being, the present study found a quadratic relation between improving societal conditions and the gender difference in life satisfaction and positive affect (women are lower than men when societal conditions are moderately favorable compared to when they are at their worst and at their best); the relation was linear for negative emotion (women report more negative emotions than men when societal conditions are better). Directions for future research that will address potential explanations for these results are proposed.

scholarly journals The Turkish Adaptation of the Questionnaire for Eudaimonic Well-Being: A Validity and Reliability Study

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (17) ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Discriminant Validity ◽  
Negative Emotion ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Self Esteem ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Subjective Well Being ◽  
Validity And Reliability ◽  
Psychological Well Being ◽  
Positive Correlations ◽  
The Individual

Eudaimonic well-being is described as the individual endeavor to discover and develop one’s best potentials and abilities, to determine suitable objectives for these potentials and being internally motivated to reach these objectives. It is thus differentiated from the concepts of subjective well-being and psychological well-being. In the current study, it was aimed to adapt the Questionnaire for Eudaimonic Well-Being (QEWB) to the Turkish language and determine the psychometric properties of this self-report measurement. The sample of this study consisted of 424 university students with a mean age of 21.12 (SD=1.47; 77.1% female, 22.9% male). Exploratory factor analysis results showed a three-factor structure. The results of correlation analysis supported that the QEWB-TR had convergent (positive correlations with psychological well-being, subjective well-being, life satisfaction, positive emotion, and global self-esteem measurements) and discriminant validity (negative correlations with negative emotion, contingent self-esteem, external locus of control, depression, anxiety, and stress measurements). The reliability analyses revealed that this measurement had good internal consistency (.84) and the split-half reliability (.75) coefficients. In conclusion, the findings of the current study revealed that the QEWB-TR was a reliable and valid scale to assess eudaimonic well-being of individuals in Turkey. Keywords The Questionnaire for Eudaimonic Well-Being, scale adaptation, validity, reliability

scholarly journals Attachment, Self-Esteem and Subjective Well-Being Among Survivors of Childhood Sexual Trauma

2017 ◽  
Vol 39 (1) ◽  
pp. 39-55 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emily L. Barnum ◽  
Kristin M. Perrone-McGovern
Keyword(s):  
Undergraduate Students ◽  
Sexual Trauma ◽  
Attachment Security ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Self Esteem ◽  
Hierarchical Regression ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Subjective Well Being ◽  
Childhood Sexual Trauma ◽  
Midwestern University

The current study is a quantitative exploration of the relationships between attachment security, childhood sexual trauma, sexual self-esteem, and subjective well-being. It was predicted that higher levels of secure attachment, lower presence of childhood sexual trauma and higher levels of sexual self-esteem would contribute to higher levels of subjective well-being. Participants were 213 undergraduate students at a Midwestern university. Theories of attachment (Bowlby, 1973) and well-being (Lent, 2004) provided a framework to guide the hypotheses of the present study. We hypothesized that higher attachment security would be related to higher sexual self-esteem and higher subjective well-being, and that participants who scored higher on a scale measuring childhood sexual trauma would have lower sexual self-esteem and lower subjective well-being. It was found that high levels of attachment security and sexual self-esteem predicted high levels of subjective well-being, whereas presence of childhood sexual trauma predicted lower levels of sexual self-esteem. Results from hierarchical regression analyses fully supported the hypotheses of the present study. Future research should analyze possible coping mechanisms that may contribute to subjective well-being restoration as well as coping efficacy.

scholarly journals Is the desire for fame related to well-being or ill-being?

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael P. Grosz ◽  
Benjamin Nagengast ◽  
Ulrich Trautwein ◽  
Clemens Lechner ◽  
Brent Roberts
Keyword(s):  
Social Status ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Self Determination Theory ◽  
Self Esteem ◽  
Self Determination ◽  
Subjective Well Being ◽  
The Status ◽  
Positive Correlations ◽  
Prospective Longitudinal

The construct of fame in self-determination theory is very similar to the construct of social status in Anderson, Hildreth, and Howland’s (2015) status-as-fundamental-motive perspective. Both fame and social status are characterized by admiration and (admiring) respect by other people. Yet, while desiring fame is believed to distract or interfere with the fulfillment of basic needs (e.g., Ryan et al., 1999), desiring social status is believed to be very much equivalent to a basic need (Anderson et al., 2015). Inspired by these two theoretical standpoints, we tested opposing hypotheses in a pre-registered secondary data analysis of prospective longitudinal data spanning 10 years (N = 4,625; Mage at T1 = 19.60). Specifically, we tested whether or not desire for fame among early adults is related to their (a) concurrent subjective well-being, self-esteem, and health, (b) subsequent subjective well-being, self-esteem, and health, and (c) subsequent changes in subjective well-being, self-esteem, and health. Furthermore, we investigated (d) whether changes in desire for fame are related to contemporaneous changes in subjective well-being, self-esteem, and health. In line with self-determination theory, we found several positive correlations between desire for fame and the negative affect subscale of the PANAS, low self-esteem, and self-reported health complaints. In line with the status-as-fundamental-motive perspective, we found almost no substantial negative correlations between desire for fame and life satisfaction, the positive affect subscale of the PANAS, and self-rated health status. Thus, our results did not support either of the two positions unequivocally, indicating the need for further theoretical refinement.

scholarly journals PHYSIOLOGY OF SUCCESSFUL AGING: IMPLICATIONS FOR HEALTH AND WELL-BEING

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. S434-S434
Author(s):  
Konstantinos Mantantzis ◽  
Denis Gerstorf ◽  
Thomas M Hess
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Successful Aging ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Empathic Accuracy ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Subjective Well Being ◽  
Use Of Data ◽  
Aging Study ◽  
Underlying Mechanisms ◽  
Relationship Factors

Abstract Research into peripheral physiology and its association with cognition, emotionality, and social/physical functioning has received considerable attention over the years. However, many of the underlying mechanisms are not well understood. In this symposium, we have compiled a set of four empirical projects that showcase current and future endeavors to address some of the long-standing questions about when, how, and why physiology shapes and is shaped by key psychosocial resources. Hawkley et al. make use of data from the NSHAP and HRS longitudinal studies to investigate whether social relationships such as number of friends predicts risk of diabetes among older adults. Wilson et al. use dyadic data from young and middle-aged couples to examine cardiometabolic similarity among spouses, and how such concordance is shaped by key relationship factors such as emotional closeness. Pauly et al. use data from two daily-life studies of older couples to investigate how physiological synchrony in cortisol is modulated by partner interactions, empathy, and empathic accuracy. Finally, Mantantzis et al. make use of multi-year longitudinal data from the Berlin Aging Study II to examine the role of glucose regulation capacity for trajectories of subjective well-being among older adults. Thomas Hess will discuss the importance of these papers, discuss strengths and weaknesses of the approaches chosen, and consider implications for future research.

The economic recession and subjective well-being in older adults in the Republic of Ireland

2016 ◽  
Vol 36 (2) ◽  
pp. 99-104 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. M. Duffy ◽  
K. Mullin ◽  
S. O’Dwyer ◽  
M. Wrigley ◽  
B. D. Kelly
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Older People ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Economic Recession ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Poor Health ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Subjective Well Being ◽  
Physical And Mental Health ◽  
Future Health

ObjectiveSubjective well-being in older people is strongly associated with emotional, physical and mental health. This study investigates subjective well-being in older adults in Ireland before and after the economic recession that commenced in 2008.MethodsCross-sectional data from the biennial European Social Survey (2002–2012) were analysed for two separate groups of older adults: one sampled before the recession and one after. Stratification and linear regression modelling were used to analyse the association between subjective well-being, the recession and multiple potential confounders and effect modifiers.ResultsData were analysed on 2013 individuals. Overall, subjective well-being among older adults was 1.30 points lower after the recession compared with before the recession (s.e. 0.16; 95% confidence interval 1.00–1.61; p<0.001) [pre-recession: 16.1, out of a possible 20 (s.d. 3.24); post-recession:14.8 (s.d. 3.72)]. Among these older adults, the pre- and post-recession difference was especially marked in women, those with poor health and those living in urban areas.ConclusionsSubjective well-being was significantly lower in older adults after the recession compared with before the recession, especially in women with poor health in urban areas. Policy-makers need proactively to protect these vulnerable cohorts in future health and social policy. Future research could usefully focus on older people on fixed incomes whose diminished ability to alter their economic situation might make them more vulnerable to reduced subjective well-being during a recession.

Patterns of Social Relationships and Psychological Well-being among the Elderly

1997 ◽  
Vol 21 (3) ◽  
pp. 417-430 ◽  
Author(s):  
Keiko Takahashi ◽  
Junko Tamura ◽  
Makiko Tokoro
Keyword(s):  
Human Resources ◽  
Social Relationships ◽  
Well Being ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Self Esteem ◽  
Subjective Health ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Subjective Well Being ◽  
Psychological Well Being ◽  
Type Method

On the premise that social relationships among elderly adults differ in terms of the most significant, dominant figure, this study aimed to examine: (1) whether there were qualitative differences in supportive functions between family-dominant and friend-dominant affective relationships, and (2) whether “lone wolves”, who were deficient in human resources, had difficulties in maintaining their well-being. A total of 148 Japanese, over the age of 65, both living in communities and in institutions were individually interviewed about their social relationships using a self-report type method, the Picture Affective Relationships test, and their well-being was assessed using Depression, Self-esteem, Life satisfaction, and Subjective health scales. Results showed that there were no differences in psychological well-being between family-dominant and friend-dominant participants, but those who lacked affective figures had lower scores in subjective well-being than did their family-dominant and friend-dominant counterparts. The generalisation of these findings to other cultures is discussed.

Subjective Well-Being and Events

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nanyi Nicole Yu ◽  
Judith Mair ◽  
Andy Lee ◽  
Faith Ong
Keyword(s):  
Well Being ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Sporting Events ◽  
Subjective Well Being ◽  
Measurement Tools ◽  
Final Approach ◽  
Local Residents ◽  
Psychology Literature ◽  
Western Perspective

The economic and social-cultural impacts of events are well documented in the existing events literature. The emergence of quality of life (QOL), well-being and happiness in the positive psychology literature has accelerated research on events and individuals’ subjective well-being (SWB). Taking a narrative synthesis approach, this study identifies a total of 46 peer reviewed journal articles on SWB and events and reviews how SWB has been discussed and investigated in the events context. The results of this study reveal three key approaches to SWB and events. The first approach takes SWB as synonymous with the benefits and impacts of events. The second approach examines SWB in terms of its relationship with the motivations and satisfaction of event participants and local residents. The final approach to SWB examines the relationship between SWB and the event (including festivalscape) experience. The review findings also identify areas of potential weakness in the existing literature. The existing event studies relating to SWB primarily focus on sporting events, with only a few festivals, are often undertaken from a Western perspective, and generally rely on quantitative approaches. More importantly, the extant event literature appears to use the SWB concept loosely without agreement on its structure or key components. Suggestions for future research lie in further conceptualisation of SWB in the events context with validated measurement tools and conceptual models, and closer examination of the causal relationship between event (experience) and levels of SWB.

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