scholarly journals In Love With the Virus: Reducing Harms, Promoting Dignity, and Preventing Hepatitis C Through Graphic Narratives

2021 ◽  
pp. 152483992110410
Author(s):  
Aleksandra Bartoszko
Keyword(s):  
Hepatitis C ◽  
Drug Use ◽  
Social Economic ◽  
Drug Usage ◽  
Ethnographic Fieldwork ◽  
Graphic Artist ◽  
The Social ◽  
Graphic Narratives ◽  
Social Anthropologist

This article describes a process of creating an ethnographic comic about injection drug use and hepatitis C, based on long-term ethnographic fieldwork in Norway. The project and the graphic publication titled The Virus were a collaboration between a social anthropologist, a graphic artist, and individuals who inject illegal drugs and are aimed at reducing bodily, social, and narrative harms related to drug use. The article argues that structurally informed interventions, such as this project, which account for the social, economic, and epistemological inequalities, benefit from taking phenomenological perspectives seriously. In our case, that attitude meant including participants’ positive associations with their current or former heroin and injecting drug usage, their stigmatized desires, and their emotions—such as love—related to the disease. The article describes the narrative, conceptual, aesthetic, and practical choices encountered in making The Virus to confront the dominant, authorized narratives in the field of drug use and hepatitis C. We sought to make choices that ultimately would not contribute to the (re)production of the very object of the prevention—stigma related to hepatitis C—but instead would create a new narrative(s) that forged a sense of purpose, recognition, and humanity.

scholarly journals Individuals, knowledge and governance in the 21st-century society

2007 ◽  
Vol 06 (04) ◽  
pp. C04 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrea Cerroni
Keyword(s):  
21St Century ◽  
Information Technologies ◽  
Social Economic ◽  
Knowledge Society ◽  
Social Species ◽  
The Social ◽  
Economic Process ◽  
Knowledge Circulation ◽  
Structure Of Knowledge

The knowledge society is a new social species that, despite many uncertainties and some (old and new) ambiguities, is emerging on the horizon of the 21st century. Placed at the convergence of two long-term processes (society of individuals and knowledge society), it is characterised by the social-economic process of knowledge circulation, which can be divided into four fundamental phases (generation, institutionalisation, spreading and socialisation). The current situation also sees the traditional (modern) structure of knowledge being outdated by the convergence of nanotechnologies, biotechnologies, information technologies and neuro-cognitive technologies (NBIC). In the background, the need arises to cross the cultural frontier of modernity.

History and the Study of Inequality

2020 ◽  
Vol 51 (3) ◽  
pp. 429-441
Author(s):  
Herbert S. Klein
Keyword(s):  
Social Sciences ◽  
Social Economic ◽  
Historical Analysis ◽  
First Century ◽  
Global Inequality ◽  
Historical Factors ◽  
The Social ◽  
Oxford Group ◽  
Over Time

Economic inequality has become one of the most important themes in the social sciences. The debate has revolved around two basic models. Was Kuznets correct in his prediction that inequality declines with economic growth, or was Piketty, along with others in the Berkeley/Paris/Oxford group, correct to counter that capitalism without severe constraints inevitably leads to increasing inequality? The resolution will depend on long-term historical analysis. In Global Inequality, Milanovic proposed new models to analyze the social, economic, political, and historical factors that influence changes in inequality over time and space. In Capitalism, Alone, he changes direction to examine what patterns of capitalism and inequality will look like in the twenty-first century and beyond, as well as how inequality might be reduced without violence.

scholarly journals Índice de Vulnerabilidade Socioambiental na Área da Gleba “C” da Universidade Federal do Pará, no Município de Belém

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (4) ◽  
pp. 2322-2337
Author(s):  
Maria Carolina Chaves de Sousa ◽  
Peter Mann de Toledo ◽  
Filipe Gomes Dias
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
20Th Century ◽  
Social Economic ◽  
Environmental Issues ◽  
The State ◽  
Environmental Vulnerability ◽  
The Social ◽  
Social Environmental ◽  
The Right

At the beginning of the 20th century, urbanization and occupation of privileged spaces at the expense of “lowland” spaces and close to a floodplain. The “lowlands” were occupied by a population, mostly with socioeconomic needs, forming housing groups susceptible to flooding and flooding. To bring the recognition of rights to these occupants, a land regularization work was carried out by the Federal University of Pará - UFPA, together with public entities from the State and the Union. The article aims to present and compare the degree of socio-environmental vulnerability in the area of land C of UFPA in the municipality of Belém, object of land regularization activity, applying indicators and indices related to social, economic, legal and environmental issues. The results show that the degree of vulnerability is high in the years surveyed, concluding that the legal regularization work carried out in the area was only patrimonial, in order to transfer responsibilities for land use to the beneficiary residents and the recognition of the right of that title by law. . Effective land regularization work should involve a set of bodies responsible for the social, environmental, urban and land areas so that, in a concatenated and long-term manner, the work carried out is carried out so that the results are captured by the indicators and that the data decrease the degree of socio-environmental vulnerability in the studied area.

scholarly journals Strategic planning under the Local Government Act 2002: towards collaboration or compliance?

2006 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mike Reid ◽  
Claudia Scott ◽  
Jeff McNeill
Keyword(s):  
Local Government ◽  
Strategic Planning ◽  
Social Economic ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Audit Report ◽  
Local Authorities ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Future

By July 2006 all 85 local authorities expect to have their 10-year Long Term Council Community Plans (LTCCPs) signed and sealed, and passing muster with an unqualified audit report. The new Local Government Act 2002 (LGA 2002) has provided councils with general empowerment and introduced a new purpose (section 3) for local government: to ‘promote the social, economic, cultural and environmental well-being of communities now and for the future’.

Prevalence and temporal trends of prescription drug use in cancer survivors: A population study, 2001 to 2016.

2020 ◽  
Vol 38 (15_suppl) ◽  
pp. 12023-12023
Author(s):  
Elisa Liu ◽  
Sylvia Christine Kurz ◽  
Jiyoung Ahn ◽  
Erik P. Sulman
Keyword(s):  
Drug Use ◽  
Cancer Survivors ◽  
Prescription Drug ◽  
Adult Population ◽  
Temporal Trends ◽  
Drug Usage ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Prescription Drug Use ◽  
Financial Burdens

12023 Background: The burden of prescription drug use is higher in cancer survivors than the general population. We examined the prevalence and temporal trends of prescription drug use among cancer survivors, with an emphasis on central nervous system (CNS) active medications used to manage long-term cancer sequelae. Methods: Adult respondents with (n=3207) and without (n=40,440) a prior cancer diagnosis from 8 cycles (2001-2016) of the National Health and Nutritional Examinational Survey (NHANES) were evaluated for prescription drug usage. Cross-sectional analyses and temporal trends across cycles were evaluated and weighted to represent the US adult population. Results: Cancer survivors report higher rates of prescription drug usage (85.1% vs 54.3%, p<0.001, and 75.8%, p<0.001) and polypharmacy (27.8% vs 10.7%, p<0.001, and 22.7%, p<0.001) than both unadjusted and age-adjusted controls. Younger survivors report greater usage of CNS (36.8% vs 13.1%, p<0.001), psychotherapeutic (18.4% vs 7.7%, p<0.001), hormonal agents (19.1% vs 10.1%, p=0.003), and gastrointestinal (10.7% vs 4.7%, p=0.02) than controls, while differences are attenuated in older cohorts. Among broad drug categories, the usage of cardiovascular (p-trend<0.001), metabolic (p-trend<0.001), and immunologic agents (p-trend=0.01) has increased. Among CNS active subclasses, the usage of anticonvulsants (p-trend<0.001), anxiolytics (p-trend =0.02), narcotics (p-trend=0.02) and GABA analogs (p-trend<0.001) has increased. When comparing respondents with and without a history of cancer, the increased usage of anti-depressant prescription medications (18.3% vs 1.5% p<0.001), including SSRIs (11.2% vs 1.0%, p<0.001), SSNRIs (3.5% vs 0.3%, p<0.001), tricyclics (2.8% vs 0.1%, p<0.001), among cancer survivors was disproportionate compared to the increased proportion of positive depression screens (9.2% vs 7.0%, p=0.006). Conclusions: Cancer survivors report higher prescription drug use for both chronic conditions and late effects of cancer. The usage of CNS active medications, many of which are used on and off label for their pain management properties, has increased. The higher rates of pharmaceutical use may result in unanticipated long-term toxicities and financial burdens.

The role of change agents in the adaptation and use of mobile money services in Kenya

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 89-102 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Tuwei ◽  
Melissa Tully
Keyword(s):  
Product Innovation ◽  
Social Economic ◽  
Change Agents ◽  
Adoption Process ◽  
Western Kenya ◽  
Mobile Money ◽  
The Social ◽  
Continuous Product

Kenya’s M-Pesa has arguably become the most recognizable symbol of mobile money globally. The success of M-Pesa can be partially attributed to Safaricom’s continuous product innovation. However, few studies have examined the role of M-Pesa employees (called agents) in the adaptation of M-Pesa. To address this gap, we explore the role of M-Pesa agents in Kenya’s mobile money ecosystem by using observations and interviews with agents in Western Kenya. Drawing on technology adaptation and using literature, we explore the role of M-Pesa agents as innovators and facilitators of mobile money services. Findings suggest that although Safaricom expects agents to follow certain protocols, agents revealed that they push back on these expectations by bending corporate procedures to align with the social, economic and cultural realities of their customers. As such, they play a key role in the innovation and adoption process, and arguably, have contributed to the long-term success of M-Pesa.

Staying alive? Navigating Uncertainty in Cancer in Childhood

2018 ◽  
Vol 14 (26) ◽  
Author(s):  
Pia Løvschal-Nielsen ◽  
Rikke Sand Andersen ◽  
Lotte Meinert
Keyword(s):  
Welfare State ◽  
Cancer Treatment ◽  
Paediatric Oncology ◽  
Social Effects ◽  
Treatment Practices ◽  
Ethnographic Fieldwork ◽  
The Social ◽  
American Pragmatist ◽  
Social Uncertainty

Abstract In this article we explore how institutions and individuals in Denmark deal with uncertainty of cancer in childhood. Based on a seven months ethnographic fieldwork conducted on a paediatric oncology ward from 2011-2013, we examine how uncertainty and insecurities manifest in the interface between cancer treatment and childhood in the Danish welfare state. We develop our argument theoretically with the American pragmatist philosophy and its ideas that people are responding to a hazardous world in constant transformation. Through a focus on micro practices we explore how uncertainty manifests especially for children and their families, and how they navigate insecurities. Important collective attempts to create some measure of certainty and security are done in treatment practices, but we argue that biomedical practices dealing with uncertainty of cancer paradoxically give rise to existential and social uncertainty among children and their families, which they struggle with, also after the end of cancer treatment, as long-term social effects of cancer in childhood. We suggest that more attention could be paid to assist children in dealing with uncertainty and insecurities imminent to being in cancer treatment in the Danish welfare state and the social effects of this.

Ambiguous fear in the war on drugs: A reconfiguration of social and moral orders in the Philippines

2020 ◽  
Vol 51 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 5-24
Author(s):  
Anna Bræmer Warburg ◽  
Steffen Jensen
Keyword(s):  
Human Rights ◽  
Social Relations ◽  
War On Drugs ◽  
The Philippines ◽  
The State ◽  
Drug War ◽  
Ethnographic Fieldwork ◽  
The Social ◽  
Moral Discourses

This article explores the social and moral implications of Duterte's war on drugs in a poor, urban neighbourhood in Manila, the Philippines. Drawing on long-term ethnographic fieldwork, surveys, and human rights interventions, the article sheds light on policing practices, social relations, and moral discourses by examining central perspectives of the state police implementing the drug war, of local policing actors engaging with informal policing structures, and of residents dealing with everyday insecurities. It argues that the drug war has produced a climate of ambiguous fear on the ground, which has reconfigured and destabilised social relations between residents and the state as well as among residents. Furthermore, this has led to a number of subordinate moral discourses — centred on social justice, family, and religion — with divergent perceptions on the drug war and the extent to which violence is deemed legitimate.

scholarly journals To Be or Not to Be a Hero

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 96-114
Author(s):  
Matti Weisdorf ◽  
Birgitte Refslund Sørensen
Keyword(s):  
Civil War ◽  
Sri Lanka ◽  
Sri Lankan ◽  
Post Injury ◽  
Ethnographic Fieldwork ◽  
The Social ◽  
Material Benefits ◽  
Struggle For Recognition ◽  
Collective Narrative

Based on long-term ethnographic fieldwork in and around a so-called War Hero Village (Ranavirugama) in northwestern Sri Lanka, this article traces the social (un)becomings of Sri Lankan Army veterans injured during the civil war with the Tamil liberation front. It argues that such veterans have long been able to draw on a materially rewarding narrative of sacrifice and carnal capital—epitomized in the honorific ranaviru (war hero)—in order to produce a particular kind of veteran citizenship, let alone subjectivity, and thus to pursue socially meaningful post-injury existences. In the eyes of the veterans themselves, however, this celebratory narrative is eroding and a “collective narrative” characterized by a kind of social forgetting of the injured veteran is emerging. Material benefits notwithstanding, this narrative contestation entails a “struggle for recognition” that threatens to leave them not only disabled but also with no one to be, or become.

scholarly journals Corruption and Economic Growth in Nigeria (1980-2013)

2015 ◽  
Vol 14 (4) ◽  
pp. 1 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ibrahim W ◽  
Okunade A Sheu
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Social Economic ◽  
Human Life ◽  
Economic Value ◽  
Party Affiliation ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Political Will ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Relationship

Corruption is as aged as the existence of man and it exists in all sphere of human life. The  persistency  of  corruption  erodes  the  social  economic  value  of  a  nation. The study investigates the relationship between corruption and economic growth in Nigeria, in the period 1980-2013, using the VAR analysis. The study finds the existence of long-term relationship between corruption and unemployment growth on the economic growth of Nigeria. Also, the study found no short-term relationship in corruption and unemployment on economic growth. Hence, the result in the analysis shows that corruption positively has a strong influence on the output of Nigeria. So the rise in growth rate experienced in Nigeria is influenced by high corruption rate in the country, which is making the few rich to be richer, eradicating the middle class and making the poor to be poorer. Therefore, there is a need to develop political will to prosecute anyone found guilty of corruption irrespective of their position, tribe, religion or party affiliation. Such a punishment would also serve as a deterrent to others and help improve real economic growth and development.

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