An Investigation of the Effect of Latency on the Operator’s Trust and Performance for Manual Multi-robot Teleoperated Tasks

2017 ◽  
Vol 61 (1) ◽  
pp. 390-394 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hunter Rogers ◽  
Amro Khasawneh ◽  
Jeffery Bertrand ◽  
Kapil Chalil Madathil
Keyword(s):  
Confidence Level ◽  
Search And Rescue ◽  
The Other ◽  
Repeated Measure ◽  
Independent Variables ◽  
Subjective Workload ◽  
Dependent Variables ◽  
Independent Variable ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Two Independent Variables

Latency is an important factor when conducting teleoperated missions. This study investigates the effects of latency on a set of dependent variables: performance (measured by time and number of errors), subjective workload, trust, and usability. These measures were tested in a simulated search-and-rescue mission over two levels of two independent variables. One independent variable was the number of robots – one or two (within-subject), and the other independent variable was latency – simulations with and without latency (between-subject.) The significant effect of the independent variables on the dependent variables were checked using repeated measure two-way ANOVA with a confidence level of 95%. The data determined any significant effects that latency and/or the number of robots had on such factors as errors, dependability, reliability, harmful outcomes, temporal demand, and frustration.

Differences Between Adjustment to and Enjoyment of Retirement

1983 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 3-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael J. MacLean
Keyword(s):  
Family Interaction ◽  
Psychological Reactions ◽  
Independent Variables ◽  
Dependent Variables ◽  
Psychological Reaction ◽  
Significant Independent Variable ◽  
Independent Variable ◽  
Two Independent Variables

ABSTRACTMost research on psychological reactions to retirement considers adjustment as the main dependent variable. This paper suggests that enjoyment of retirement may be another psychological reaction to this phase of life. Differences between adjustment to and enjoyment of retirement for a sample of retired professional men are explored with respect to different phases of retirement. It was found that these two dependent variables are related but somewhat different reactions to retirement. Two independent variables, attitudes toward retirement and family interaction, contribute to both adjustment to and enjoyment of retirement. However, income was a significant predictor of adjustment whereas personality was a significant independent variable for the prediction of enjoyment of retirement. These results suggest that further research should consider other dependent variables in attempting to understand the psychological complexities related to the retirement role.

scholarly journals I. Memoir on the integration of partial differential equations second order in three independent variables when an intermediary integral does not exist in general

1898 ◽  
Vol 191 ◽  
pp. 1-86 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Partial Differential Equations ◽  
Differential Equations ◽  
Second Order ◽  
Original Equation ◽  
Partial Differential ◽  
First Order ◽  
Independent Variables ◽  
Dependent Variables ◽  
Independent Variable ◽  
Two Independent Variables

The general feature of most methods for the integration of partial differential equations in two independent variables is, in some form or other, the construction of a set of subsidiary equations in only a single independent variable; and this applies to all orders. In particular, for the first order in any number of variables (not merely in two), the subsidiary system is a set of ordinary equations in a single independent variable, containing as many equations as dependent variables to be determined by that subsidiary system. For equations of the second order which possess an intermediary integral, the best methods (that is, the most effective as giving tests of existence) are those of Boole, modified and developed by Imschenetsky, and that of Goursat, initially based upon the theory of characteristics, but subsequently brought into the form of Jacobian systems of simultaneous partial equations of the first order. These methods are exceptions to the foregoing general statement. But for equations of the second order or of higher orders, which involve two independent variables and in no case possess an intermediary integral, the most general methods are that of Ampere and that of Darboux, with such modifications and reconstruction as have been introduced by other writers; and though in these developments partial differential equations of the first order are introduced, still initially the subsidiary system is in effect a system with one independent variable expressed and the other, suppressed during the integration, playing a parametric part. In oilier words, the subsidiary system practically has one independent variable fewer than the original equation. In another paper I have given a method for dealing with partial differential equations of the second order in three variables when they possess an intermediary integral; and references will there be found to other writers upon the subject. My aim in the present paper has been to obtain a method for partial differential equations of the second order in three variables when, in general, they possess no intermediary integral. The natural generalisation of the idea in Darboux’s method has been adopted, viz., the construction of subsidiary equations in which the number of expressed independent variables is less by unity than the number in the original equation; consequently the number is two. The subsidiary equations thus are a set of simultaneous partial differential equations in two independent variables and a number of dependent variables.

scholarly journals Statistical Modeling for the Characteristics of Open Graded Friction Course Asphalt

2019 ◽  
Vol 27 (1) ◽  
pp. 366-381
Author(s):  
Ola Abbas Al-Jawad ◽  
Shakir Al-Busaltan
Keyword(s):  
Statistical Modeling ◽  
Mix Design ◽  
Independent Variables ◽  
Water Sensitivity ◽  
Dependent Variables ◽  
Open Graded Friction Course ◽  
Mechanical Durability ◽  
Indirect Tensile ◽  
Independent Variable ◽  
And Performance

An open-graded friction course (OGFC) is a special type surface layer of traditional Dense Graded Hot Mix Asphalts (DGHMA) pavement that is increasingly being used around the world due to its various benefits, such as, frictional, safety and environmental, etc. In this research, selective laboratory OGFC properties were statistically modeled depends on mix design inputs for two purposes or aims; mix inputs significant and prediction the OGFC properties according mix inputs.  Principally, Indirect Tensile Strength (ITS), water sensitivity (TSR), and permeability (K) were selected from mechanical, durability, and volumetric properties, respectively as an output property; they represent the dependent variables for each model. While, fillers as conventional mineral filler or Ordinary Portland Cement (CMF, or OPC), binder content (BC), and polymer content (SBS) are represented inputs or the independent variables for all models. The generated models offered a vital achievable tool for prediction (e.g., their R² are 0.781, 0.82 1and 0.820, respectively, for the mentioned model’s properties), also it helped to scale the significant of each independent variable (e.g., filler type significantly affect water sensitivity properties, its correlation was 0.752). This study reveals that the statistical modeling is achievable and offers a dynamic tool to describe the characteristics and performance of OGFC mixture in term volumetric, mechanical and durability properties.

Online viewers’ choices over advertisement number and duration

2020 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 215-238
Author(s):  
Stephen Nettelhorst ◽  
Laura Brannon ◽  
Angela Rose ◽  
Whitney Whitaker
Keyword(s):  
Exposure Time ◽  
Design Methodology ◽  
Persuasive Messages ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Independent Variables ◽  
Research Designs ◽  
Total Exposure Time ◽  
Online Simulations ◽  
Independent Variable ◽  
Two Independent Variables

Purpose The purpose of this study is to investigate online viewers’ preferences concerning the number and duration of video advertisements to watch during commercial breaks. The goal of the investigations was to assess whether online viewers preferred watching a fewer number of advertisements with longer durations or a greater number of advertisements with shorter durations. Design/methodology/approach Two studies used experimental research designs to assess viewers’ preferences regarding advertisements. These designs used two independent variables and one dependent variable. The first independent variable manipulated the type of choice options given to online viewers (e.g. one 60 s or two 30 s advertisements). The second independent variable manipulated when the choice was given to online viewers (i.e. at the beginning of the viewing experience or in the middle of the experience). The dependent variable measured viewers’ choices concerning their preferred advertisement option. Findings The results across both studies found that participants made choices that minimized total advertisement exposure time when possible. When minimizing total exposure time was not possible, participants made choices that minimized the number of exposures instead. Originality/value These investigations extend the literature on advertisement choice by examining online viewers’ preferences about the format of their advertising experience rather than the content of the persuasive messages themselves. In addition, these investigations provide value by investigating viewers’ responses to stimuli within realistic online simulations rather than abstract hypotheticals.

scholarly journals PENGARUH RESPONSIVENESS PERAWAT DALAM PRAKTIK KOMUNIKASI TERAPEUTIK TERHADAP KEPUASAN PASIEN INSTALASI RAWAT INAP RSU HAJI SURABAYA

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 173
Author(s):  
Ajenk Nanda Saprilla
Keyword(s):  
Therapeutic Communication ◽  
Patient’S Satisfaction ◽  
Independent Variables ◽  
Patients Satisfaction ◽  
Dependent Variables ◽  
Patient Responsiveness ◽  
Human Resource Training ◽  
Independent Variable ◽  
Strongly Agree ◽  
Service Standards

Background: Patient’s satisfaction is one of indicators measured in the hospital minimum service standards. In Installation of Inpatient (IRNA) of Haji Surabaya hospital, there are 17 indicators, but only nine are met (52.94%). One of them is patients’ satisfaction level amounted to 74.35% out of the standard (82%). The high number of complaints on nurses’ competence in providing services causes the unachieved patients’ satisfaction. There were 61 complaints from 2014 to 2017.Aim: This study aimed to analyze the influence of nurses’ responsiveness to patients’ satisfaction of in-patient installation (IRNA) at Haji Surabaya Hospital.Method: The questionnaires used Likert scale 1-5 for independent variables and dependent variables. The scoring scales for the independent variable or nurses’ responsiveness range from strongly disagree to strongly agree. Meanwhile, the scoring scale for the dependent variable ranges from very dissatisfied to very satisfied.Results: The findings indicated that there was a significant influence of responsiveness on patients’ satisfaction amounted to 0.003 (<α = 0.05). This indicated that the better assessment on the nurses’ responsiveness is, themore satisfied the patients are at in-patient installation (IRNA), Haji Surabaya Hospital.Conclusion: It can be concluded that more than 20% of responses was satisfied with the nurses’ responsiveness. The hospital needs to hold a human resource training especially a nurse-patient therapeutic communication training for maintaining the service quality at the hospital.Keywords: hospitalization, patient, responsiveness, satisfaction

scholarly journals Pengaruh Kompensasi Finansial Terhadap Kinerja Karyawan Pada PT Penggadaian (Persero) Cabang Jambi

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 209
Author(s):  
Fadil Iskandar
Keyword(s):  
Statistical Tests ◽  
Financial Compensation ◽  
Independent Variables ◽  
Correlational Research ◽  
Dependent Variables ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Descriptive Method ◽  
Variable Performance

This research aims to find out how implementation of the financial compensation and performance job of PT Penggadaian (Persero) Branch  of Jambi. Next also to analyze implamentation and how the influence of financial compensation on performance job in PT Penggadaian (Persero) of Banch Jambi. This research uses descriptive method quantitative correlational research with the form that describes the relationship of independent variables with dependent variables. The research on the analysis tools using simple regression with hypothesis prove with statistical tests t. The results showed that a significant effect on performance financial compensation of performance job which are characterized by tcount > ttable and Prog. sig < α (0.05). While the correlation value i.e. 64% of these mean that have relationship very closely between financial compensation variables with variable performance job.

scholarly journals Taguchi Optimization of Plasticisation Process for Glycerol and TEA Based Thermoplastic Mango Starch Biofilms

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ernest Chiedoziam Agwamba ◽  
Lawal G. Hassan ◽  
Achor Muhammad ◽  
Abdullahi M. Sokoto ◽  
Eric N. Agwamba
Keyword(s):  
Young Modulus ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
The Other ◽  
Response Factor ◽  
Optimum Conditions ◽  
Taguchi Optimization ◽  
Independent Variables ◽  
Main Effect ◽  
Independent Variable ◽  
Interaction Plot

Abstract This investigation involves study of independent variable that influences the Young modulus of thermoplastic mango starch (TPS) as dependent response factor. The experiment was design using the Taguchi orthogonal technique with four independent variables; plasticiser type; glycerol (G), and Triethanolamine-(TEA) (T), percentage plasticiser (40 and 120 %), percentage carboxymethyl cellulose-CMC (10 and 50 %), and concentration of HCl (0.05 and 0.15 M). The result of the main effect plots for mean indicated that the gTPS-CMC1 with 268.85a MPa is a better outcome compared to gTPS-CMC3 with 280.31a MPa, since no significance difference was observed due to less composition requirement of CMC for gTPS–CMC1, making it more cost effective to produced with better optimum conditions. The interaction plot of the independent variables showed that for plasticiser types; when glycerol (G) was utilised a higher young modulus is observed than TEA (T) and only interacts with TEA (T) at 0.015 M HCl; 10 % CMC gives a higher response compared to 50 % CMC and showed no interaction even as the other independent variables fluctuates, and similar effect was observed for percentage plasticiser. Study concluded that the predicted mean (young modulus) is substantially consistent with the experimental observation (R2 = 0.6283).

Effect of direct and indirect contact with mental illness on dangerousness and social distance

2017 ◽  
Vol 64 (2) ◽  
pp. 112-119 ◽  
Author(s):  
Minhwa Lee ◽  
Mikyung Seo
Keyword(s):  
Mental Illness ◽  
Standard Deviation ◽  
Interaction Effect ◽  
Social Distance ◽  
Direct Contact ◽  
Indirect Contact ◽  
Independent Variables ◽  
Main Effect ◽  
Dependent Variables ◽  
Two Independent Variables

Background: This study is based on the contact hypothesis that contact with mental illness is the most effective anti-stigma strategy. Aims: This study aims to analyze which form of contact can most effectively decrease the dangerousness and social distance associated with schizophrenia, depression and alcoholism. Method: In total, 573 Korean adults ( Mage = 43.71 years, standard deviation ( SD) = 13.41; 54.1% male, 45.9% female) were surveyed about randomly assigned vignettes of schizophrenia, depression and alcoholism. The participants were questioned on the dangerousness and social distance associated with the assigned vignette, as well as direct and indirect contact experience with the mental illness. Two-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) was used to determine the main effect and interaction effect that the type of mental illness and contact experience have on the two dependent variables (dangerousness and social distance). Results: The findings show that the type of mental illness has a significant main effect on dangerousness and social distance, but contact type only has a significant main effect on social distance. Moreover, the two independent variables (mental illness subtype and contact experience) have an interaction effect on two dependent variables (dangerousness and social distance). Therefore, the anti-stigma effect of contact varies according to the type of mental illness. Conclusion: Our findings suggest that appropriate anti-stigma strategies are required for each type of mental illness. Considering that opportunities for direct contact with persons with mental illness are highly limited, it is necessary to actively utilize indirect contact.

scholarly journals A TWO-STRAIN EPIDEMIC MODEL WITH UNCERTAINTY IN THE INTERACTION

2012 ◽  
Vol 54 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 108-115 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. G. ROBERTS
Keyword(s):  
Differential Equations ◽  
Basic Reproduction Number ◽  
Epidemic Model ◽  
Influenza A ◽  
Reproduction Number ◽  
The Other ◽  
Orthogonal Functions ◽  
Dependent Variables ◽  
Independent Variable ◽  
Cross Immunity

AbstractAnnual epidemics of influenza A typically involve two subtypes, with a degree of cross-immunity. We present a model of an epidemic of two interacting viruses, where the degree of cross-immunity may be unknown. We treat the unknown as a second independent variable, and expand the dependent variables in orthogonal functions of this variable. The resulting set of differential equations is solved numerically. We show that if the population is initially more susceptible to one variant, if that variant invades earlier, or if it has a higher basic reproduction number than the other variant, then its dynamics are largely unaffected by cross-immunity. In contrast, the dynamics of the other variant may be considerably restricted.

Learning by Discovery: Incidental Learning and Presentation of Rule

1978 ◽  
Vol 43 (3) ◽  
pp. 732-734
Author(s):  
G. D. Hermann
Keyword(s):  
Incidental Learning ◽  
Instructional Methods ◽  
Instructional Method ◽  
The Other ◽  
Socioeconomic Level ◽  
Not Given ◽  
Independent Variables ◽  
Dependent Variables ◽  
Learning By Discovery

Three studies on learning by discovery were conducted using a refraction task. In each study, three instructional methods were used, ruleg (rule-example), egrule (examples followed by the rule), and eg only (rule not given). Independent variables included sex and socioeconomic level. The 8 dependent variables used were measures of retention, transfer, incidental learning, and verbalization. Few significant findings were obtained; however, on the verbalization of the rule measure, the groups given the rule performed higher than the group not given the rule. There was little interaction between instructional method and the other variables.

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