scholarly journals A Study on the Twist Loss in Weft Yarn during Air Jet Weaving

2017 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 155892501701200
Author(s):  
Muhammad Umair ◽  
Khubab Shaker ◽  
Yasir Nawab ◽  
Abher Rasheed ◽  
Sheraz Ahmad
Keyword(s):  
Woven Fabric ◽  
Weft Yarn ◽  
Air Jet ◽  
Yarn Twist ◽  
Spun Yarns ◽  
Cotton Yarns ◽  
Subsequent Effect ◽  
Fabric Production ◽  
Twill Weave

Air jet weaving is considered to be the most advanced method of fabric production in which weft yarn is inserted with air pressure. But due to very high pressure some of yarn twist is lost during fabric production. This affects the strength of the yarn in general and quality of the fabric in particular. This study deals with the parameters affecting twist loss in weft yarn during air jet weaving. The subsequent effect of twist loss on the mechanical properties of yarn as well as fabric is also studied. A total of twenty-four different fabric samples were produced to consider the effect of yarn linear density, material, weave design and fabric width on the twist loss in picking and receiving sides of the woven fabric. The 100% cotton and polyester-cotton (PC) ring spun yarns having linear densities 37, 27 and 15 tex were used to produce fabrics in two different weaves i.e. 1/1 plain and 3/1 twill weave. In addition, two different fabric widths i.e. 121 and 100 cm were produced. The twist loss increases with increase in the fineness of yarn. In PC yarns twist loss percentage was higher as compared to cotton yarns. Twist loss in wider width was higher as compared to smaller widths of the fabric, while the effect of weave design was negligible.

Tensile property of highly twisted cotton yarns under varied relative humidity

2016 ◽  
Vol 28 (4) ◽  
pp. 390-399 ◽  
Author(s):  
Htet Htet Htike ◽  
Jian Kang ◽  
Sachiko Sukigara
Keyword(s):  
Relative Humidity ◽  
Tensile Tests ◽  
Woven Fabric ◽  
Weft Yarn ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Weft Direction ◽  
Yarn Twist ◽  
Cotton Yarns ◽  
Yarn Count ◽  
The Difference

Purpose – The traditional Japanese cotton-crepe fabric chijimi has been used for summer clothing for over a century because of its good skin comfort. The high extensibility of this fabric relies on the high-twist cotton yarns used in the weft direction. The purpose of this paper is to show the effect of environmental humidity on the extensibility of highly twisted cotton yarns to help in choosing weft yarn suitable for woven fabric. Design/methodology/approach – Four highly twisted cotton yarns are examined under 10-90 percent RH and in 25°C water. Cyclic tensile tests are performed to obtain the tensile energy, resilience, extensibility at maximum applied load (EM), and residual strain. Findings – Comparing the same yarn-count samples Y1 and Y2, the EM of Y2 (2,200 T/m) is larger than that of Y1 (1,000 T/m) under all RH conditions, and the difference increases at humidity over 60 percent RH. For fabric crepe samples woven by Y1 (warp) and Y2 (weft), the extensibility (EM-1) in the weft direction is in the range 16-26 percent, which is equivalent to that of outer-knitted fabrics. The extensibility and recovery of chijimi is largely dominated by the twist of weft yarns, which is also influenced by changes in relative humidity. Originality/value – The skin comfort of Takashima chijimi has been of interest, but the high extensibility of this cotton fabric has not been given much attention. The results of this study show that yarn twist is key to controlling extensibility in high-humidity environments.

scholarly journals Investigation of the Characteristics of Elasticised Woven Fabric by Using PBT Filament Yarns

2016 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 109-117 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hüseyin Kadoğlu ◽  
Krste Dimitrovski ◽  
Arzu Marmaralı ◽  
Pınar Çelik ◽  
Güldemet Başal Bayraktar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Air Permeability ◽  
Woven Fabrics ◽  
Woven Fabric ◽  
Cotton Yarn ◽  
Cotton Fibres ◽  
Spun Yarns ◽  
Cotton Yarns ◽  
Permanent Elongation ◽  
Thermal Absorptivity ◽  
Sheath Material

Abstract Owing to growing demand for comfortable clothes, elastane filament yarns are being used in fabrics for several garments. In this study, core spun yarns were produced with cotton fibres and PBT/elastane filament yarns (cotton as sheath material, PBT yarn and elastane as core yarns). Twill woven (1/3 Z) fabrics were produced by using core spun yarns (30 tex) and cotton yarns (30 tex) as weft, and 100% cotton yarn (59 tex) as warp yarns. The fabrics consisting of PBT were washed at 100°C for 30 minutes to gain the elasticity. The woven fabrics’ weight, thickness, elongation, permanent elongation, dimensional stability, air permeability, thermal conductivity, thermal absorptivity characteristics were tested and statistically evaluated. According to the results, the fabrics containing PBT and elastane filaments had similar elongation and shrinkage values. PBT filament yarns have a great potential to produce lightweight elastic fabrics.

Air and Ring Combination in Tandem Spinning

1997 ◽  
Vol 67 (3) ◽  
pp. 217-223 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. P. S. Sawhney ◽  
L. B. Kimmel
Keyword(s):  
Spindle Speed ◽  
Optimum Level ◽  
Ring Spinning ◽  
Air Jet ◽  
Yarn Twist ◽  
Spun Yarn ◽  
Spun Yarns ◽  
Ring Spun Yarn ◽  
Twist Level ◽  
Air Nozzle

With the objective of boosting ring spinning productivity, a new tandem spinning system combining air-jet and ring spinning technologies in continuous tandem is investigated. In this “air-plus-ring” tandem spinning system, a drafted roving strand as it emerges from the front roller nip feeds into a single- or dual-jet air nozzle where it is subjected to a vortex of compressed air, producing a pneumatically entangled, false-twisted, partially strengthened strand. This so-called prefabricated, air-bolstered strand continuously feeds into a standard ring spinning zone and is ultimately spun into a novel, single-component yarn. By spinning a few cotton and cotton-blend yarns with the lowest practical twist levels possible on both the tandem and conventional ring spinning systems, we show that a tandem spun yarn can be produced with a relatively lower (true ring) twist level than a pure ring spun yarn. To an extent, the tandem spinning's air-bolstering action reinforces the drafted fibrous strand, contributing to yarn formation and hence character. Since ring spinning productivity is inversely proportional to yarn twist level, the relatively lower twist level required in tandem spinning allows a proportionately higher yarn production speed (in some cases, up to 50% faster than the conventional ring spinning), while maintaining spindle speed at the traditional, optimum level imposed by the limiting traveler speed. Tandem spun yarns, however, are somewhat different from, and generally weaker than, conventional ring spun yarns. This paper briefly describes a prototype of the new tandem spinning system developed on a laboratory Spintester, and shows spinning parameters and properties of a few yarns produced on both the tandem arid conventional ring spinning systems, each employing the traditional (maximum) optimum spindle speed of 10,000 rpm for a given 5.0 cm (2 inch) diameter ring.

scholarly journals Development of Models to Predict Tensile Strength of Cotton Woven Fabrics

2011 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 155892501100600 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zulfiqar Ali Malik ◽  
Mumtaz Hasan Malik ◽  
Tanveer Hussain ◽  
Farooq Ahmed Arain
Keyword(s):  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Woven Fabrics ◽  
Woven Fabric ◽  
Weft Yarn ◽  
Linear Regression Models ◽  
Warp Yarn ◽  
Yarn Strength ◽  
Fabric Density ◽  
Cotton Yarns ◽  
Fabric Strength

Tensile strength has been accepted as one of the most important performance attributes of woven textiles. In this work, multiple linear regression models are developed by using empirical data for the prediction of woven fabric tensile strength manufactured from cotton yarns. Tensile strength of warp & weft yarns, warp & weft fabric density, and weave design were used as input parameters to determine warp- and weft-way tensile strength of the woven fabrics. The developed models are able to predict the fabric strength with very good accuracy. Warp yarn strength and ends per 25 mm are found to be the most dominant factors influencing fabric strength in warp direction while weft yarn strength and picks per 25 mm are most vital in weft direction.

Strength at “Theoretically Null Twist” of Acrylic and Polyester/Cotton Rotor Spun Yarns: Application to Prediction of “Machine Twist”

1988 ◽  
Vol 58 (4) ◽  
pp. 238-245 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. M. Manich ◽  
M. D. De Castellar ◽  
A. Barella ◽  
L. Castro
Keyword(s):  
Yarn Strength ◽  
Yarn Twist ◽  
Apparent Loss ◽  
Spun Yarns ◽  
Cotton Yarns ◽  
Method Of Assessment

Acrylic staple rotor spun yarns (172) obtained from a BD 200 rotor machine fitted with twelve different spinning heads that combined four different rotors and three different yarn extraction nozzles were tested for strength at a theoretically null twist. A high correlation existed between the theoretically null twist strength and the apparent loss of twist or residual twist. We propose a method for assessing the total twist or machine twist of the yarn from the apparent yarn twist measured in a twist tester and from the yarn strength at a theoretically null twist. Tests on fourteen polyester/cotton yarns obtained from a RU 11 machine seem to indicate that this method of assessment may be applied to other materials and other rotor machines.

Reinforcing fabrics as the mechanical support of ion exchange membranes

2017 ◽  
Vol 48 (2) ◽  
pp. 432-447 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eliška Stránská ◽  
David Neděla
Keyword(s):  
Ion Exchange ◽  
Mechanical Strength ◽  
Physical And Mechanical Properties ◽  
Nonwoven Fabric ◽  
Woven Fabric ◽  
Electrochemical Characteristics ◽  
Ion Exchange Membranes ◽  
Exchange Membrane ◽  
Twill Weave

Mechanical, physical and electrochemical characteristics are one of the important properties of ion exchange membranes. These parameters are required for a next operation and for an application in an electrodialysis (as tightness of a stack, energy consumption, capacity of electrodialysis). The goal of this article is comparison of the influence of the different reinforcing fabric on the properties of ion exchange membranes. Six types of ion exchange membranes with the nonwoven fabric, the monofilament knit, the multifilament knit, the monofilament woven fabric, the multifilament woven fabric, and for comparison non-reinforcing ion exchange membranes were chosen. The most important properties of a fabric in this application are thickness, free area related to the warp and the weft, mechanical strength, the material (shrinkage), type of fabric (plain or twill weave, a knit, monofilament, multifilament) and of course price. Electrochemical, physical and mechanical properties of ion exchange membranes were studied. Non-reinforcing ion exchange membranes have lower mechanical strength, but the best elongation. These ion exchange membranes report big relative dimension changes after swelling in demineralized water and the lowest value of the areal resistance. The most appropriate ion exchange membrane is with woven fabric from monofilaments after comparison with other ion exchange membranes in terms of the quality of the lamination and other electrochemical, physical and mechanical parameters.

Effect of a weft yarn spinning system on the shear characteristics of plain woven fabrics

2019 ◽  
Vol 90 (1) ◽  
pp. 10-23
Author(s):  
Mohsen Shanbeh ◽  
Majid Safar Johari ◽  
Mohammad Zarrebini ◽  
Marcin Barburski ◽  
Agnieszka Komisarczyk ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Shear Behavior ◽  
Shear Angle ◽  
Image Correlation ◽  
Woven Fabric ◽  
Weft Yarn ◽  
Shear Rigidity ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Spun Yarns ◽  
Shear Characteristics ◽  
Dic Technique

Spun yarns are almost entirely produced using ring, rotor and relatively new air vortex spinning systems. In this study, shear properties of fabrics woven with cotton, viscose, and polyester yarns spun using ring, rotor, and vortex spinning systems were investigated. Experimentally determined shear characteristic-related factors, such as initial shear rigidity, shear rigidity, shear hysteresis at a 0.5 degree shear angle, and shear hysteresis at a 5 degree shear angle along the principle directions, were statistically analyzed. In addition, differences between the shear behaviors of the woven fabric samples were identified using the digital image correlation (DIC) technique. While our analyses confirm the statistically significant difference between the shear behavior of samples woven with ring-spun yarns and samples woven with rotor and vortex yarns in the weft direction, no significant difference in shear behavior between the samples woven with rotor and vortex yarns was observed. It was found that the yarn spinning system has no significant effect on fabric shear characteristics in the warp direction. It also was concluded that the DIC technique can successfully be used to analyze the differences in shear characteristics of fabrics woven by various type of spun yarns.

Air-Jet Texturing of Spun Cotton Yarns for Improved Comfort

1992 ◽  
Vol 62 (1) ◽  
pp. 40-43 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Srinivasan ◽  
A. K. Sengupta ◽  
V. K. Kothari
Keyword(s):  
Flexural Rigidity ◽  
Twist Angle ◽  
Air Pressure ◽  
Air Jet ◽  
Reduced Modulus ◽  
Spun Yarns ◽  
Cotton Yarns ◽  
Structural Configurations

We have studied air-jet texturing of spun yarns with different structural configurations. After texturing, the yarns have improved bulk and reduced modulus and flexural rigidity, rendering them more suitable for improved comfort applications. Increased bulk after texturing is accompanied by reduced strength. We have observed that after air-jet texturing, certain structures such as carded ring spun yarns and Siro spun yarns possess a higher level of bulk compared to other structures. Rotor spun yarns have lower bulk after texturing because of their tripartite structure, twist angle variations, and the alternating Z and S helices in their fiber belts. Yarns with reinforced structures like composite spun, wrap spun, and rotor spun are able to withstand higher overfeed and air pressure during texturing.

Air-Jet Texturing of Spun Cotton Yarns for Improved Comfort

1992 ◽  
Vol 62 (3) ◽  
pp. 169-174 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Srinivasan ◽  
A. K. Sengupta ◽  
V. K. Kothari
Keyword(s):  
Length Distribution ◽  
Fiber Length Distribution ◽  
Air Jet ◽  
Air Stream ◽  
Spun Yarn ◽  
Fiber Fineness ◽  
Fiber Packing Density ◽  
Spun Yarns ◽  
Cotton Yarns ◽  
And Migration

We have studied the importance of yarn structural variants such as fiber packing density, fiber fineness and length distribution, mean fiber extent, and migration parameters in deciding the bulking potential of a spun yarn structure with air-jet texturing. Three variants of carded yarns, combed yarns, and yarns made from combed sliver which is again carded in both 100% spun and composite spun forms with three different twist levels show that fiber-to-fiber distance and frictional hindrance may have a significant influence on the relative local velocities of the fibers in the turbulent air stream, which would affect the texturing behavior. We have observed that spun yarns with uniform fiber length distribution, higher fiber extent, and more fiber parallelization, such as combed yarns, have less bulk during texturing. Yarns with higher packing and migration have higher frictional hindrance with less fiber-to-fiber distance. They are therefore subjected to reduced flow asymmetry and produce yarns with reduced bulk.

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