scholarly journals Physical Activity and Heart Failure: Taking Steps to Control a Major Public Health Burden

2018 ◽  
Vol 14 (6) ◽  
pp. 555-570 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael J. LaMonte
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Heart Failure ◽  
Lower Risk ◽  
Coronary Atherosclerosis ◽  
Observational Studies ◽  
Prolonged Exposure ◽  
Clinical Syndrome ◽  
Public Health Burden ◽  
Published Evidence

Heart failure (HF) is a complex clinical syndrome that is increasingly prevalent among US adults and accounts for substantial burden of healthcare costs and morbidity. HF is commonly associated with prior myocardial infarction as well as prolonged exposure to hypertension, diabetes, and coronary atherosclerosis. Exercise training is becoming established in the management of HF because of its beneficial effect on both central (cardiac) and peripheral (skeletal muscle) HF mechanisms. The role of habitual physical activity in the primary prevention of HF is less clear. Recent prospective observational studies suggest there is lower risk of developing HF in adults who are more physically activity and have higher cardiorespiratory fitness compared with their less active and fit peers. This article reviews the published evidence on physical activity and HF prevention, discusses potential mechanisms for this benefit, and suggests areas where further research is needed to establish recommendations on the type, amount, and intensity of physical activity required to prevent occurrence of HF.

Skeletal Muscle Adaptations to Prolonged Exposure to Extreme Altitude: A Role of Physical Activity?

2008 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 311-317 ◽  
Author(s):  
Masao Mizuno ◽  
Gabrielle K Savard ◽  
Nils-Holger Areskog ◽  
Carsten Lundby ◽  
Bengt Saltin
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Prolonged Exposure ◽  
Muscle Adaptations ◽  
Extreme Altitude ◽  
Skeletal Muscle Adaptations

Novel Non-Pharmaceutical Advancements in Heart Failure Management: The Emerging Role of Technology

2021 ◽  
Vol 17 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mark T. Nolan ◽  
Neville Tan ◽  
Christopher J. Neil
Keyword(s):  
Heart Failure ◽  
Cardiac Contractility ◽  
Baroreflex Activation Therapy ◽  
Public Health Burden ◽  
Heart Failure Care ◽  
Cardiac Devices ◽  
Randomized Controlled Studies ◽  
Technological Advances ◽  
Activation Therapy

Purpose of Review: To summarise and discuss the implications of recent technological advances in heart failure care. Recent Findings: Heart failure remains a significant source of morbidity and mortality in the US population despite multiple classes of approved pharmacological treatments. Novel cardiac devices and technologies may offer an opportunity to improve outcomes. Baroreflex Activation Therapy and Cardiac Contractility Remodelling may improve myocardial contractility by altering neurohormonal stimulation of the heart. Implantable Pulmonary Artery Monitors and Biatrial Shunts may prevent heart failure admissions by altering the trajectory of progressive congestion. Phrenic Nerve Stimulation offers potentially effective treatment for comorbid conditions. Smartphone applications offer an intriguing strategy for improving medication adherence. Summary: Novel heart failure technologies offer promise for reducing this public health burden. Randomized controlled studies are indicated for assessing the future role of these novel therapies.

Abstract MP03: Plasma Sphingolipids and Risks of Heart Failure and Atrial Fibrillation in Older Adults: The Cardiovascular Health Study

Circulation ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 137 (suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Rozenn N Lemaitre ◽  
Paul N Jensen ◽  
Barbara McKnight ◽  
Andrew Hoofnagle ◽  
Irena B King ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heart Failure ◽  
Atrial Fibrillation ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Lower Risk ◽  
Cardiovascular Health ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Health Study ◽  
Cardiovascular Health Study

Introduction: Ceramides and sphingomyelins (sphingolipids) are circulating lipids involved in multiple physiological pathways relevant to heart failure (HF) and atrial fibrillation (AF), including apoptosis, oxidative stress, and inflammation. Experimental studies suggest that sphingolipids with different saturated fatty acids exhibit different biological activities, but their relationships with HF and AF are unknown. Hypothesis: Higher levels of plasma ceramide and sphingomyelin that contain the fatty acid 16:0 are associated with higher risks of HF and AF; and higher levels of ceramides and sphingomyelins that contain the fatty acid 20:0, 22:0 or 24:0 are associated with lower risks. Methods: We measured sphingolipids in the Cardiovascular Health Study (CHS) in plasma samples from 1994-95 (N=4026) or from 1992-93 (N=586). We assessed the separate associations of the levels of 8 sphingolipids with risks of incident HF and incident AF using Cox regression. A p-value threshold of 0.006 was used to account for multiple testing. Results: Among 4,612 participants, 1179 incident HF and 1198 incident AF occurred during >40,000 person-years of follow-up. In adjusted analyses, higher levels of Cer-16 (ceramide with 16:0) and SM-16 (sphingomyelin with 16:0) were associated with higher risk of incident HF, but not with risk of incident AF (Table). In contrast, higher levels of Cer-20, Cer-22 and Cer-24 were each associated with lower risk of AF, but not with risk of HF. Higher levels of SM-20, SM-22, and SM-24 tended to be associated with lower risks of AF and HF, with only the association of SM-20 with AF significant. Conclusions: Plasma levels of ceramide and sphingomyelin with 16:0 show different associations with HF and AF than species with 20:0, 22:0 or 24:0. Associations of Cer-16 and SM-16 specifically with higher risk of HF may be due to a role of apoptosis in HF. The novel findings that Cer-20, Cer-22, and Cer-24 are associated with lower risk of AF warrant further examination of the role of these sphingolipids in protecting from AF.

Intestinales Mikrobiom und kardiovaskuläre Erkrankungen

2019 ◽  
Vol 144 (14) ◽  
pp. 957-963
Author(s):  
Hans-Michael Steffen ◽  
Münevver Demir
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Heart Failure ◽  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Vascular Function ◽  
Kardiovaskuläre Erkrankungen ◽  
Intestinal Microbiome ◽  
Current Review

AbstractAging, physical activity, bodyweight and diet are well established risk factors for cardiovascular disease. For all of these factors a great impact on the intestinal microbiome has been described. The current review will discuss available data regarding the role of the gut microbiome in regulating blood pressure, vascular function and its possible contribution to atherosclerosis and heart failure.

Ruolo della medicina dello sport nella prescrizione dell’attività fisica come profilassi e terapia

2016 ◽  
Vol 64 (4) ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Physical Activity ◽  
Chronic Diseases ◽  
Sports Medicine ◽  
Lifestyle Modifications ◽  
Public Health Burden ◽  
Premature Deaths ◽  
Therapeutic Protocols

There is incontrovertible evidence of the benefits of regular physical activity in the primary and secondary prevention of several chronic diseases, on contrary a sedentary lifestyle can progress into a Sedentary Death Syndrome (SeDS), which is a major Public Health burden due to its causing multiple chronic diseases and a large amount of premature deaths each year. In Italy, Sports Medicine represents a fundamental reference for those practicing physical activity at competitive or non-competitive level; its purposes include: health care of the athletes practicing all kind of sports, through the pre-participation screening for elegibility (such screening constitutes an established medical programme that has been implemented for more than 30 years), and the promotion of diagnostic and therapeutic protocols to guarantee the state of health of individual at high risk or carrying a specific diagnosed disease. Substantial evidence emphasizes the role of physical therapy in terms of an individualized sport-therapy, in the prevention of cardiovascular, metabolic, musculoskeletal, respiratory, rheumathic and neoplastic diseases, improving the clinical condition or, when combined with lifestyle modifications, favouring concomitantly the control or the regression of the pathology. Regular physical exercise as a prophylactic and therapeutic tool, is strongly recommended to reduce morbidity and mortality, to improve quality of life and to limit Public Health medical expenses.

Abstract 17163: Prolonged Increase in Endothelium-Specific NOX2-Derived Cytosolic Oxidants Exacerbates Maladaptive Cardiac Remodeling in Ischemic Myocardium

Circulation ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 142 (Suppl_3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Rayane Brinck Teixeira ◽  
Melissa Pfeiffer ◽  
Catherine Karbasiafshar ◽  
Frank W Sellke ◽  
Ruhul Abid
Keyword(s):  
Heart Failure ◽  
Heart Rate ◽  
Left Ventricle ◽  
Wall Thickness ◽  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
Prolonged Exposure ◽  
Coronary Artery Ligation ◽  
Artery Ligation ◽  
Left Ventricle Mass

Introduction: Global increase in reactive oxygen species (ROS) in endothelial cells (EC) plays major roles in cardiovascular disease (CVD). However, the precise role of ROS within specific compartments of ECs are not yet known. This study aims to address the role of endothelium-derived cytosolic ROS in myocardial infarction (MI). Hypothesis: We hypothesized that an extended exposure to increased NADPH oxidase 2 (NOX2)-derived cytosolic ROS in EC would result in a worse post-MI outcome. Methods: Binary conditional transgenic mice expressing NOX2 in an EC-specific manner (NOX2VE) were studied. NOX2VE mice were assigned to tetracycline (Tet)-ON (control) to turn off transgene, or without Tet as Tet-OFF, i.e. NOX2- O ver E xpressing (NOX2VE-OE) groups. After 15 weeks of Tet-ON/OFF treatment, all mice were subjected to left anterior descending (LAD) coronary artery ligation that mimics acute MI (n=10/group). Left ventricle function was assessed by echocardiography 28 days post LAD. Ejection fraction (EF), fractional shortening (FS), left ventricle mass, wall thickness, heart rate, chamber diameter and volume at systole and diastole were analyzed by Student’s t-test. Results: Echocardiographic data showed that mice subjected to an increased NOX2-derived ROS in EC (NOX2VE-OE) presented with 19.3 ± 7.7% and 20.8 ± 7.9% decrease in EF and FS, respectively (p<0.05) compared to control (NOX2VE, Tet-ON). NOX2VE-OE mice showed an increase (by 14.1 ± 3.4%, p<0.01) in diastolic posterior wall thickness (DPWT) suggesting ventricular stiffness. NOX2VE-OE group also showed increased cardiac mass (by 14.0 ± 5.4%, p<0.05), which, along with DPWT indicates hypertrophy with a likelihood to develop heart failure. Interestingly, heart rate, systolic and diastolic chamber volume and diameters, stroke volume, and cardiac output showed no differences between the groups (p>0.05). Conclusions: Together, these results suggest that prolonged exposure to increased cytosolic ROS in coronary EC results in worse cardiac performance and myocardial stiffness, leading to a higher propensity to heart failure after MI. Currently, in vivo signaling studies are being carried out to understand molecular mechanisms by which NOX2-derived ROS in ECs result in impaired cardiac function.

Mediating Role of Daily Physical Activity on Quality of Life in Patients With Heart Failure

2012 ◽  
Vol 27 (1) ◽  
pp. 16-23 ◽  
Author(s):  
Heng-Hsin Tung ◽  
Ming-Shan Jan ◽  
Chun-Yu Lin ◽  
Shu-Ching Chen ◽  
Hui-Chuan Huang
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Physical Activity ◽  
Heart Failure ◽  
Daily Physical Activity ◽  
Mediating Role ◽  
Patients With Heart Failure

scholarly journals Role of the cardiac extracellular matrix in the onset and progression of heart failure

2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (2S) ◽  
pp. 4362
Author(s):  
N. N. Ilov ◽  
K. Sh. Arnaudova ◽  
A. A. Nechepurenko ◽  
A. L. Yasenyavskaya ◽  
O. A. Bashkina ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heart Failure ◽  
Extracellular Matrix ◽  
Ventricular Arrhythmias ◽  
Additional Data ◽  
Clinical Syndrome ◽  
Electrical Remodeling ◽  
Cardiovascular Patients ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Diastolic Functions

Any cardiovascular disease leads to heart failure (HF) — a complex clinical syndrome, the course of which is probably specified by the influence of cardiovascular factors on cardiac extracellular matrix (ECM).The presented literature data indicate that the cardiac ECM is an important pathophysiological link in the onset and progression of HF. The morphological and electrical remodeling negatively affects the systolic and diastolic functions of the heart. Impaired myocardial blood delivery, cellular maladaptation, atrial and ventricular arrhythmias are additional mechanisms of the influence of myocardial fibrosis on HF course.Understanding this role of ECM and the development of algorithms for verifying the individual status of ECM in cardiovascular patients can provide additional data on the course of HF, help to assess the risk of adverse cardiovascular events and effectively control the ongoing pharmacological and non-drug therapy.

scholarly journals Secondary valve regurgitation in patients with heart failure with preserved ejection fraction, heart failure with mid-range ejection fraction, and heart failure with reduced ejection fraction

2020 ◽  
Vol 41 (29) ◽  
pp. 2799-2810 ◽  
Author(s):  
Philipp E Bartko ◽  
Martin Hülsmann ◽  
Judy Hung ◽  
Noemi Pavo ◽  
Robert A Levine ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heart Failure ◽  
Ejection Fraction ◽  
Treatment Options ◽  
Valve Regurgitation ◽  
Future Directions ◽  
Reduced Ejection Fraction ◽  
Public Health Burden ◽  
Patients With Heart Failure ◽  
Scientific Approach

Abstract Secondary mitral regurgitation and secondary tricuspid regurgitation due to heart failure (HF) remain challenging in almost every aspect: increasing prevalence, poor prognosis, notoriously elusive in diagnosis, and complexity of therapeutic management. Recently, defined HF subgroups according to three ejection fraction (EF) ranges (reduced, mid-range, and preserved) have stimulated a structured understanding of the HF syndrome but the role of secondary valve regurgitation (SVR) across the spectrum of EF remains undefined. This review expands this structured understanding by consolidating the underlying phenotype of myocardial impairment with each type of SVR. Specifically, the current understanding, epidemiological considerations, impact, public health burden, mechanisms, and treatment options of SVR are discussed separately for each lesion across the HF spectrum. Furthermore, this review identifies important gaps in knowledge, future directions for research, and provides potential solutions for diagnosis and treatment. Mastering the challenge of SVR requires a multidisciplinary collaborative effort, both, in clinical practice and scientific approach to optimize patient outcomes.

scholarly journals Light-intensity physical activity and mental ill health: a systematic review of observational studies in the general population

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mireia Felez-Nobrega ◽  
Judit Bort-Roig ◽  
Ruimin Ma ◽  
Eugenia Romano ◽  
Matthew Faires ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Physical Activity ◽  
Systematic Review ◽  
General Population ◽  
Observational Studies ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Intensity Physical Activity ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract Background Most of theevidence has focused on examining the influence of moderate-to-vigorous intensity physical activity on mental health, but he role of light intensity physical activity (LIPA) is less understood. The purpose of this systematic review was to assess the relationship between time spent in LIPA and mental ill health across the lifespan. Methods Data were obtained from online databases (Medline, Embase, Scopus, PsychInfo and CINAHL). The search and collection of eligible studies was conducted up to May 28, 2020. Observational studies conducted in the general population and reporting on the association between LIPA (1.6–2.9 metabolic equivalents; either self-reported or device-based measured) and mental ill health were included. Results Twenty-two studies were included in the review (16 cross-sectional and 6 longitudinal). In older adults (≥ 65 years) and adults (18–64 years), the evidence examining the relationship between LIPA and depressive symptoms is mixed. Data on anxiety, psychological distress and overall mental health are scarce, and results are inconclusive. There is no evidence suggesting favorable associations between LIPA and anxiety in college students. Finally, very limited data was found in adolescents (11–17 years) (n = 2 studies) and children (6–10 years) (n = 2 studies), but the evidence suggests that LIPA does not influence mental health outcomes in these age groups. Conclusions This review provided mostly cross-sectional evidence indicating that LIPA may not be associated with mental health outcomes across age groups. Future research efforts employing prospective research designs are warranted to better understand the role of LIPA on mental ill health across age groups.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document