scholarly journals Qualities in friendship – Within an outside perspective – Definitions expressed by adolescents with mild intellectual disabilities

2016 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 20-39 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hanne Marie Høybråten Sigstad
Keyword(s):  
Structural Analysis ◽  
Secondary School ◽  
Intellectual Disabilities ◽  
Qualitative Interviews ◽  
Target Group ◽  
Moderate Degree ◽  
Mutual Trust ◽  
Close Friendship

Background: This study examined how adolescents with mild intellectual disabilities define qualities of friendship and discussed the extent to which these definitions adhere to established definitions of close friendship. Materials and Methods: The study was based on qualitative interviews with 11 adolescents in secondary school. The interviews were supplemented with information from six parents. A thematic structural analysis was used to identify themes. Results: Qualities of friendship were categorized as mutual preference, mutual enjoyment, shared interactions, care, mutual trust and bonding. The criteria for close friendship seem to be fulfilled, albeit to a moderate degree. Closeness and reciprocity appear to be significant in this study, although these features have been considered less relevant within this target group in previous research. Conclusions: Differences in definitions may explain divergent results compared with other studies, and the need to achieve equivalence in friendship may be another.

scholarly journals “With Enthusiasm and Energy throughout the Day”: Promoting a Physically Active Lifestyle in People with Intellectual Disability by Using a Participatory Approach

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (23) ◽  
pp. 12329
Author(s):  
Antonia Mauro ◽  
Dirk Bruland ◽  
Änne-Dörte Latteck
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Intellectual Disabilities ◽  
Everyday Life ◽  
Developmental Process ◽  
Qualitative Interviews ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
Participatory Approach ◽  
Living Environment ◽  
Target Group ◽  
People With Intellectual Disabilities

People with intellectual disabilities have a comparatively low level of physical activity and are affected by associated numerous impairments and diseases. However, target group specific interventions and concepts aiming at sustainable physical activity-related behavior change in everyday life are rare and the needs and perspectives of the target group have hardly been considered so far. Therefore, a target-group oriented intervention was developed. The research and developmental process was characterized by a participatory approach, involving people with intellectual disabilities throughout the whole process. For example, the interview guideline, design of the interview situation and ways of communicating were developed in a participatory manner. Twenty-four qualitative interviews with people with intellectual disabilities were conducted to explore individual physical activity-related experiences and strategies. Individual and contextual influences on physical activity were identified. Interview results were used to conceptualize an intervention that aims at promoting physical activity in the everyday life of people with intellectual disabilities by strengthening their self-management strategies. The intervention was tested in practice and modified based on communicative validation methods. Good acceptance in the long term is also expected, as the intervention takes place in people’s living environment, is socially embedded and builds upon the needs of the target group.

scholarly journals Being Able to Stay or Learning to Stay: a Study of Rural Boys’ Educational Orientations and Transitions

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anna-Maria Stenseth ◽  
Unn-Doris K. Bæck
Keyword(s):  
Secondary Education ◽  
Secondary School ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Qualitative Interviews ◽  
Geographical Location ◽  
Further Education ◽  
Upper Secondary School ◽  
Upper Secondary Education ◽  
Upper Secondary ◽  
Educational Orientations

AbstractThis study explores the influence of geographical location on young pupils’ educational orientations and their transition from lower to upper secondary school; it pays particular attention to the voices of male youths from a rural area. More specifically, it investigates the interplay between gender and geographical contexts and the significance of these factors in understanding the processes associated with educational orientations. Margaret Archer’s framework is used to analyse how pupils’ agency is constrained and/or enabled by objective structures. The data material consists of qualitative interviews with 18 pupils transitioning from lower to upper secondary school in Norway. Each of the pupils was interviewed twice: first when they were in their last year of lower secondary education, and then during their first year of upper secondary education. The findings show that pupils consider geographical locations when making decisions about further education and work. In addition, they believe that education beyond compulsory schooling benefits their life in the rural areas. However, unlike their urban counterparts, pupils from rural areas appear to have a more constraining transition to upper secondary education. Through the analyses in this article, it becomes clear that both geographical location and gender are key factors for understanding processes connected to education.

scholarly journals The level of administrative creativity of secondary school principals in Sabya governorate: مستوى الإبداع الإداري لدى مديري المدارس الثانوية بمحافظة صبيا

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (43) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hussein Mohamed Ghalti
Keyword(s):  
Secondary School ◽  
School Principals ◽  
Secondary School Principals ◽  
Educational Leaders ◽  
Total Sample ◽  
Moderate Degree ◽  
Ministry Of Education ◽  
Education Department ◽  
Selection Of ◽  
Fair Degree

The study aimed to know the level of availability of the ingredients (elements) of creativity among managers, the level of their practice of the administrative creativity process, and the obstacles that limit their practice of the administrative creativity process. The researcher used the descriptive method, and the study sample consisted of (44) principals from the original community of principals in Sabya governorate, and a sample of teachers (285) from the original community of teachers, and the selection of all school administration supervisors and their number (9) educational supervisors, so a total sample Study (338). The study relied on two tools the questionnaire applied to teachers and managers, and the interview with the administrators of school management, and the study found a range of results: the level of elements of management innovation, the managers came to a fair degree, managers exercised the administrative process of innovation medium degree, and facing the practice of managers of administrative obstacles to creativity With a moderate degree, and that most of the obstacles hindering the practice of managerial creativity, organizational obstacles, and recommendations: The Education Department should choose secondary school principals from conscious educational leaders, who believe in the importance of administrative creativity in schools, and the researcher recommends the Ministry of Education and Education Departments to give school principals powers Commensurate with their responsibilities, allowing them the opportunity to show their creativity.

scholarly journals “It’s their way of protecting them”: Between care and control in an honor context for youths with intellectual disabilities

2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 14-35 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lotta Löfgren-Mårtenson ◽  
Pernilla Ouis
Keyword(s):  
Intellectual Disabilities ◽  
Qualitative Interviews ◽  
The Body ◽  
Cultural Norms ◽  
Special Schools ◽  
Arranged Marriages ◽  
Sexual Norms ◽  
Body Of Knowledge ◽  
Personal Assistants ◽  
And Control

Today’s multicultural society is characterized by contradictory sexual norms that may have consequences for youths with intellectual disabilities’ possibilities of choosing a partner and expressing their sexuality. However, the body of knowledge concerning the area of youths with intellectual disabilities is limited. This study aims to examine professionals’ views on honor-related experiences among youths with intellectual disabilities. The data consists of nine qualitative interviews with professionals in special schools (personal assistants and teachers). In addition, 11 professionals were included at pre-meetings while designing the study. A thematic analysis was conducted while using sexual script as a theoretical framework. The results are presented in the following themes: (1) The professionals’ perceptions of the young people’s abilities to deal with honor-related experiences; (2) The professionals’ opinions of the existence of honor-related experiences among youth with intellectual disabilities; and (3) Descriptions of the professionals’ conduct toward the youths with intellectual disabilities concerning honor-related experiences. The analysis shows an honor script geared towards youths with intellectual disabilities, which can be described as a continuum between care and control connected to cultural sexual norms and to the disability. The families’ strive for a so-called normality seem to be an important factor in understanding for example arranged marriages among youths with ID. To meet the needs of these youths, the professionals require tools to navigate between care and control in this complicated arena of contradictory sexual and cultural norms.

scholarly journals «Speil, speil på veggen der»: Målgruppearbeid i egenskapt teaterproduksjon for ungdom

2018 ◽  
pp. 199-222
Author(s):  
Cecilie Haagensen
Keyword(s):  
Secondary School ◽  
Focal Point ◽  
Target Group ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Ethical Reflection ◽  
Specific Target ◽  
Devised Theatre

This article examines how theatre performances can be created based on the lifeworld of a specific target group: fourteen-year-old pupils at secondary school. Using a target group as experts during eight workshops, students collaborate with the pupils in trying to make performances that communicate with this age group. By examining nine theatre productions, the article shows how different strategies in working with a target group can be implemented effectively in the process of making devised theatre. These strategies are: 1) Finding a focal point for the work in the overlapping field between the interests of the pupils and the students. 2) Developing texts through interviews and verbatim techniques, which allow the pupils’ voices to be heard and expressed in an authentic way in the performance. 3) Developing physical material by using techniques from Frantic Assembly and Viola Spolin’s methodology as inspiration for the workshops. The article shows how the techniques are introduced to the students before they try them out with the pupils. Together, they create physical scenes that are used in the performance. 4) By integrating interactive elements into the performance, the students try out different ways of communicating with the specific target group. The article shows how working with a target group forces students to engage in artistic and ethical reflection.

Implicit Sense of Academic Futility: An Unexpected Burden From Lower Secondary Education

2021 ◽  
pp. 001312452110638
Author(s):  
Jaroslava Simonová ◽  
Jan Vyhnálek ◽  
Dominik Dvořák ◽  
Jana Straková
Keyword(s):  
Secondary Education ◽  
Secondary School ◽  
Professional Training ◽  
Qualitative Interviews ◽  
Good Option ◽  
School Level ◽  
Lower Secondary School ◽  
Negative Experiences ◽  
Full Control ◽  
Lower Secondary Education

Vocational and professional training tracks can be a good option for many adolescents, many of whom enter these programs with a sometimes hidden burden of negative experiences and attitudes to school. This paper explores the sense of academic futility in future VET students at the end of lower secondary education. Drawing on qualitative interviews with 25 Czech students in which they described their experiences from lower secondary school, we found that despite the students’ beliefs that their achievement is the product of their own effort, they describe situations from which it is evident that they noticed (i.e., perceived) that they actually did lose control over their results. At the same time, they explicitly claim that they have full control over their own achievement. This implicit sense of academic futility is created by several mechanisms at the school level: the curriculum, ineffective teaching, grading leniency, and teachers’ distrust of students’ capabilities.

scholarly journals Inclusion of People with Intellectual Disabilities in Health Literacy: Lessons Learned from Three Participative Projects for Future Initiatives

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (7) ◽  
pp. 2455 ◽  
Author(s):  
Änne-Dörte Latteck ◽  
Dirk Bruland
Keyword(s):  
Health Literacy ◽  
High Risk ◽  
Intellectual Disabilities ◽  
Risk Group ◽  
High Risk Group ◽  
Lessons Learned ◽  
Target Group ◽  
Key Factors ◽  
Positive Health ◽  
People With Intellectual Disabilities

Background: People with intellectual disabilities (IDs) constitute a high-risk group in relation to several diseases. Promoting their health literacy (HL) could be highly beneficial in the management of health information and making informed decisions. However, there are varying ranges of cognitive, communication and literacy levels in people with IDs. According to our literature review, a HL concept for this target group has not been adequately conceptualized. Methods: To increase knowledge about the target group, adapted HL results from three innovative (research) projects are presented. Results: The key factors are: a) target group orientation; b) social context and everyday life; c) individual resources, like communication and literacy levels; d) a multi-modal strategy to strengthen HL; and e) the self-determination and participation of people with IDs. Conclusions: The projects illustrate that the HL of people with IDs has been successfully addressed by taking these key factors into account. A target-group-orientated HL concept could affect more than positive health outcomes; it could also empower a high-risk group in relation to health problems. However, to develop successful action concepts and strategies, valid data are crucial. The heterogeneity of people with IDs is one of the biggest challenges in obtaining such data. Future studies will need to face these challenges.

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