Age-related changes in behavioural and emotional problems in Smith–Magenis syndrome measured with the Developmental Behavior Checklist

Smith–Magenis syndrome (SMS) is a genetic syndrome most often caused by a deletion on chromosome 17 or more rarely by a mutation in the retinoic acid-induced 1 gene. The aim of this study was to investigate the Developmental Behavior Checklist (DBC) profile of persons with SMS and the associations between behavioural and emotional problems, age, gender, adaptive behaviour and autism symptomatology. Twenty-eight persons with SMS were represented by their parents in this study. DBC Total scores are reduced with age, but they still show a mean that is clearly above the cut-off of 46. The differences between the age groups <9 years and 9–17 years ( p = 0.024) and between the age groups <9 years and >18 years ( p = 0.007) are significant. We found a significant decrease in behavioural and emotional problems with age in SMS. We did not find a relationship between adapted behaviour and communication and behavioural and emotional problems.

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Investigation of Age-Related Changes in the Skin Microbiota of Korean Women

Microorganisms ◽

10.3390/microorganisms8101581 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 8 (10) ◽

pp. 1581

Author(s):

Minseok Kim ◽

Tansol Park ◽

Jung Im Yun ◽

Hye Won Lim ◽

Na Rae Han ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Age Groups ◽

Alpha Diversity ◽

Amplicon Sequencing ◽

Diversity Indices ◽

Rrna Gene ◽

Korean Women ◽

Skin Microbiota ◽

Microbial Distribution ◽

Age Related ◽

Age Related Changes

The microbiota of human skin is influenced by host and environmental factors. To determine if chronological age influences the composition of the skin microbiota on the forehead and hands, 73 Korean women were sorted into one of three age groups: (1) 10–29 years (n = 24), (2) 30–49 years (n = 21), and (3) 50–79 years (n = 28). From the 73 women, 146 skin samples (two skin sites per person) were collected. 16S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing was then conducted to analyze the skin microbiota. The overall microbial distribution varied on the forehead but was similar on the hands across the three age groups. In addition, the composition of the skin microbiota differed between the forehead and hands. Commensal microbiota, such as Streptococcus, Staphylococcus, Cutibacterium, and Corynebacterium, which contribute to maintaining skin health via dominant occupation, were affected by increasing age on forehead and hand skin. Alpha diversity indices increased significantly with age on forehead skin. This study indicates that older people may be more susceptible to pathogenic invasions due to an imbalanced skin microbiota resulting from age-related changes. The results of our study may help develop new strategies to rebalance skin microbiota shifted during aging.

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Age Related Changes in Weight of the Thymus Gland of Bangladeshi People

Bangladesh Journal of Anatomy ◽

10.3329/bja.v8i1.6101 ◽

1970 ◽

Vol 8 (1) ◽

pp. 10-12

Author(s):

Meherunnessa Begum ◽

Uttam Kumar Paul ◽

Md Jahangir Alam

Keyword(s):

Effect of aging on tracheal mucociliary clearance in beagle dogs

Journal of Applied Physiology ◽

10.1152/jappl.1987.62.3.1331 ◽

1987 ◽

Vol 62 (3) ◽

pp. 1331-1334 ◽

Cited By ~ 19

Author(s):

S. L. Whaley ◽

B. A. Muggenburg ◽

F. A. Seiler ◽

R. K. Wolff

Keyword(s):

Young Adult ◽

Gamma Camera ◽

Mucociliary Clearance ◽

Age Groups ◽

Beagle Dogs ◽

Velocity Measurements ◽

Middle Aged ◽

Age Related ◽

Age Related Changes ◽

Made In

Tracheal mucous velocity measurements were made in 24 beagle dogs in five age groups, using a gamma camera to detect movement of instilled 99mTc-macroaggregated albumin. Age groups were defined as immature (9–10 mo), young adult (2.8–3.0 yr), middle aged (6.7–6.9 yr), mature (9.6–9.8 yr), and aged dogs (13.6–16.2 yr). Mean velocities were 3.6 +/- 0.4 (SE) mm/min in the immature dogs, 9.7 +/- 0.6 mm/min in the young adults, 6.9 +/- 0.5 mm/min in the middle-aged dogs, 3.5 +/- 0.8 mm/min in the mature dogs, and 2.9 +/- 0.5 mm/min in the aged dogs. Tracheal mucous velocity was significantly (P less than 0.05) greater in the young adult and middle-aged groups compared with the immature, mature, and aged dogs. This pattern of age-related changes was noted to be similar to age-related changes described for certain pulmonary function measurements.

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Age-related changes in muscle thickness and echo intensity of trunk muscles in healthy women: comparison of 20–60s age groups

European Journal of Applied Physiology ◽

10.1007/s00421-020-04412-7 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 120 (8) ◽

pp. 1805-1814 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Megumi Ota ◽

Tome Ikezoe ◽

Takehiro Kato ◽

Hiroshige Tateuchi ◽

Noriaki Ichihashi

Keyword(s):

Age Groups ◽

Muscle Thickness ◽

Trunk Muscles ◽

Echo Intensity ◽

Healthy Women ◽

Age Related ◽

Age Related Changes

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Maximal lactate steady state declines during the aging process

Journal of Applied Physiology ◽

10.1152/japplphysiol.00298.2003 ◽

2003 ◽

Vol 95 (6) ◽

pp. 2576-2582 ◽

Cited By ~ 24

Author(s):

Craig O. Mattern ◽

Margaret J. Gutilla ◽

Darrin L. Bright ◽

Timothy E. Kirby ◽

Kenneth W. Hinchcliff ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Steady State ◽

Exercise Intensity ◽

Citrate Synthase ◽

Age Groups ◽

Type I ◽

Training Intensity ◽

Maximal Lactate Steady State ◽

Age Related ◽

Competitive Cyclists ◽

Age Related Changes

Increased participation of aged individuals in athletics warrants basic research focused on delineating age-related changes in performance variables. On the basis of potential age-related declines in aerobic enzyme activities and a shift in the expression of myosin heavy chain (MHC) isoforms, we hypothesized that maximal lactate steady-state (MLSS) exercise intensity would be altered as a function of age. Three age groups [young athletes (YA), 25.9 ± 1.0 yr, middle-age athletes (MA), 43.2 ± 1.0 yr, and older athletes (OA), 64.6 ± 2.7 yr] of male, competitive cyclists and triathletes matched for training intensity and duration were studied. Subjects performed a maximal O2 consumption (V̇o2 max) test followed by a series of 30-min exercise trials to determine MLSS. A muscle biopsy of the vastus lateralis was procured on a separate visit. There were differences ( P < 0.05) in V̇o2 max among all age groups (YA = 67.7 ± 1.2 ml · kg-1 · min-1, MA = 56.0 ± 2.6 ml · kg-1 · min-1, OA = 47.0 ± 2.6 ml · kg-1 · min-1). When expressed as a percentage of V̇o2 max, there was also an age-related decrease ( P < 0.05) in the relative MLSS exercise intensity (YA = 80.8 ± 0.9%, MA = 76.1 ± 1.4%, OA = 69.9 ± 1.5%). There were no significant age-related changes in citrate synthase activity or MHC isoform profile. The hypothesis is supported as there is an age-related decline in MLSS exercise intensity in athletes matched for training intensity and duration. Although type I MHC isoform, combined with age, is helpful in predicting ( r = 0.76, P < 0.05) relative MLSS intensity, it does not explain the age-related decline in MLSS.

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Orienting Responses as a Function of Age and Task Complexity

Perceptual and Motor Skills ◽

10.2466/pms.1976.42.2.543 ◽

1976 ◽

Vol 42 (2) ◽

pp. 543-553 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Roger L. Greene

Keyword(s):

Age Differences ◽

Visual Stimulus ◽

Task Complexity ◽

Age Groups ◽

Stimulus Onset ◽

Age Related ◽

Stimulus Content ◽

Stimulus Offset ◽

Age Related Changes ◽

And Task

Age-related differences in the elicitation and habituation of orienting responses to the onset and offset of stimuli have been suggested by several authors. Electrodermal and cardiac orienting responses to the onset and offset of a visual stimulus were measured in three age groups (4 yr., 7 yr., and undergraduate). Each S made one of three judgments: non-signal (observe stimulus), content (color of stimulus), and duration (length of time stimulus presented). Few age differences were found in elicitation or habituation of orienting responses to stimulus onset or offset. There was a trend for elicitation of orienting responses to stimulus offset to be age-related, but the failure to find any other age-related changes made this difference somewhat questionable. Instructions as to the judgment to be made by S were the primary determinants of orienting responses to stimulus onset and offset across all age groups.

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Age-related changes in preschool children's systematic use of private speech in a natural setting

Journal of Child Language ◽

10.1017/s0305000900004402 ◽

2000 ◽

Vol 27 (3) ◽

pp. 665-687 ◽

Cited By ~ 52

Author(s):

ADAM WINSLER ◽

MARTHA P. CARLTON ◽

MARYANN J. BARRY

Keyword(s):

Age Groups ◽

Sampling Procedure ◽

Free Play ◽

Private Speech ◽

Natural Setting ◽

Classroom Context ◽

Preschool Classrooms ◽

Age Related ◽

Naturalistic Setting ◽

Age Related Changes

This study set out to explore the contexts in which preschool children use private speech, or self-talk, in the naturalistic setting of the preschool classroom, and age-related changes in the contexts in which preschoolers talk to themselves. A total of 2752 naturalistic observations of fourteen three-year-old and fourteen four-year-old children were conducted using a time-sampling procedure in two preschool classrooms over the course of one semester. Results from logistic regression analyses revealed that both age groups were (a) more likely to use private speech during the self-selected activity classroom context as opposed to both large group and outside free play classroom contexts, and (b) most likely to talk to themselves when alone, next likely in the presence of peers, and least likely when in the presence of a teacher. Although the probability of private speech among three-year-old children did not vary as a function of the child's immediate activity, four-year-old children's private speech was more likely to occur during sustained and focused goal-directed activity as opposed to rapidly-changing and non goal-directed activity. The findings suggest that private speech appears systematically in young children and that, in several ways, four-year-old children use private speech more selectively than three-year-olds.

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Age-related features of the organization of the microcirculatory bed of the bulbar conjunctiva

Pacific Medical Journal ◽

10.34215/1609-1175-2020-3-57-61 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 57-61

Author(s):

V. M. Chertok ◽

V. A. Nevzorova ◽

A. K. Savchenko ◽

O. V. Miroshnichenko ◽

A. V. Laryushkina

Keyword(s):

Age Groups ◽

Average Diameter ◽

Automated Analysis ◽

The Body ◽

Bulbar Conjunctiva ◽

Specific Density ◽

Microcirculatory Bed ◽

Age Related ◽

Analysis System ◽

Age Related Changes

Objective: Analysis of age-related changes of microcirculatory bed of bulbar conjunctiva.Methods: 46 individuals of both sexes, divided into 5 age groups according to WHO recommendations, were examined. Biomicroscopy of bulbar conjunctiva was performed using a non-mydriatic retinal camera TOPCON TRC-NW8F (Japan); the obtained images were processed with a mea‑ suring device of automated analysis system ImageScope (Leica, Germany).Results: The average diameter of arterioles, arterioleto-venule ratio (AVR) and specific density of capillaries were the largest, and the diameter of venules was the smallest among the subjects aged 18–44 years. The most sensitive indicators of the state of microcirculatory bed were AVR and the specific density of capillaries, the values of which in the group of 45–59-year-olds were 10–11% lower than in people aged 18–24 and 25–44 years. Differences in other indicators between people aged 18-24 and 45–59 years were not significant. Between the groups of 60–74 and 75–86-year-old participants of the study, pronounced differences (about 18%) were found only in the specific density of capillaries: compared with 18–24 and 45–59-year-olds, this indicator decreased by almost 1.5 times, AVR – only by a third, and changes in the average diameter of arterioles and venules did not exceed 9–12%. Elderly people more often demonstrated arteriolar spasm, their uneven caliber, avascular fields and other disorders of the structure of the micro‑ circulatory bed.Conclusions: As the body ages, in the microcirculatory bed of the bulbar conjunctiva, the number of atypical vascular formations increases, the diameter of the arterioles decreases, the AVR and the specific density of capillaries decrease, the diameter of the venules increases.

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Morphometric study of the size of the postmortem human kidney

Journal of Bangladesh Society of Physiologist ◽

10.3329/jbsp.v15i2.50919 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 15 (2) ◽

pp. 61-67

Author(s):

Fatema Johora ◽

Abu Sadat Mohammad Nurunnabi ◽

Dilruba Siddiqua ◽

Hasna Hena ◽

Shamim Ara

Keyword(s):

Young Adult ◽

Left Kidney ◽

Age Groups ◽

Morphometric Study ◽

Age Related ◽

Study Results ◽

Group A ◽

The Mean ◽

The Right ◽

Age Related Changes

Background: Changes in the size of the kidney are evident in humans, as age progresses. Objective: To see the age-related changes in the morphological dimensions of the kidney in a sample of the Bangladeshi population. Methods: This crosssectional study was done in the Department of Anatomy, Dhaka Medical College, Dhaka, from July 2008 to June 2009, based on a collection of 140 postmortem human kidneys collected from 70 unclaimed dead bodies from the morgue of the same institution. All the samples of kidney were divided into three age groups, including A (10-19 years), B (20-39 years) and C (40-59 years). The length, breadth and thickness of all the kidneys were measured by using a slide calipers and recorded. Data were expressed as mean±SD. For statistical analysis, independent sample t test and one way ANOVA was used. Results: The length of the right and left kidneys found were 8.72±0.25 cm and 9.28±0.12 cm; 9.73±0.35 cm and 10.31±0.41 cm; 9.68±0.21 cm and 10.24±0.06 cm in group A, B and C respectively. The breadth of the right and left kidneys found were 4.32±0.09 cm and 4.22±0.11 cm; 4.74±0.29 cm and 4.55±0.28 cm; 4.61±0.21 cm and 4.44±0.21 cm in group A, B and C respectively. The thickness of the right and left kidneys found were 2.84±0.10 cm and 2.64±0.05 cm; 3.31±0.16 cm and 3.11±0.10 cm; 3.17±0.07 cm and 3.11±0.10 cm in group A, B and C respectively. The mean length of the left kidneys was found significantly greater than that of the right , whereas the mean breadth and the thickness of the right kidneys were found greater than that of the left kidney in all age groups. Moreover, age related changes were significant in all dimensions (length, breadth and thickness) of the kidney when compared between group A & B and A & C. Conclusion: This study results concluded that the length of the left kidney was greater than that of the right, but the breadth and the thickness of the right kidney were greater than that of the left one in all age groups. In addition, age related changes in all dimensions (i.e. length, breadth and thickness) of the kidneys were evident in middle age versus young adult and older adult versus young adult. J Bangladesh Soc Physiol. 2020, December; 15(2): 61-67

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Microscopic Study on the Diameter of the Pineal Calcification of Bangladeshi Cadavers

Bangladesh Journal of Anatomy ◽

10.3329/bja.v9i2.15220 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 9 (2) ◽

pp. 71-74

Author(s):

Halima Afroz ◽

Abu Sadat Mohammad Nurunnabi ◽

Shamim Ara ◽

Mushfika Rahman ◽

Tahamida Yesmin ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Histological Study ◽

Age Groups ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Medical College ◽

Age Related ◽

Microscopic Features ◽

Group A ◽

Group B ◽

Group D ◽

Age Related Changes

Context: The human pineal gland is characterized by the presence of calcified concretions, called pineal acervuli or brain sand. These are basophilic extracellular bodies. The study was carried out to describe the microscopic features of pineal calcifications and to find out age related changes. Study Design: Cross sectional descriptive type of study. Place and period of study: Department of Anatomy, Dhaka Medical College, Dhaka, from July 2009 to June 2010. Materials: 60 postmortem human pineal glands were collected from unclaimed dead bodies that were under examination in the morgue of Department of Forensic Medicine, Dhaka Medical College, Dhaka. Methods: The samples were divided into four different age groups, i.e. Group-A (15-30 years), Group-B (31-40 years), Group-C (41-50 years) and Group-D (>50 years). Histological study was carried out on relatively 27 fresh samples. Results: The mean diameter of the pineal calcifications were 351.14±111.69 ?m in group A, 600.00±232.69 ?m in group B, 909.43±124.18 ?m in group C and 1541.67±224.54 ?m in group D. The differences in diameter of the pineal calcifications between group A & C, A & D, B & C, B & D and C & D were statistically significant. Conclusion: Age related changes were found in the diameter of pineal calcifications. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bja.v9i2.15220 Bangladesh Journal of Anatomy 2011 Vol.9(2) pp.71-74

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