The DASH and the QuickDASH instruments. Normative values in the general population in Norway

2013 ◽  
Vol 39 (2) ◽  
pp. 140-144 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. Aasheim ◽  
V. Finsen
Keyword(s):  
General Population ◽  
Normative Data ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Normative Values ◽  
Confidence Limits ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Co Morbidity ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Spearman’S Correlation

We collected population-based normative data for the DASH (disabilities of the arm, shoulder and hand ) and QuickDASH questionnaires in order to determine the co-morbidity to be expected in a group of patients. We also studied the correlation between the two scores. A total of 2000 DASH forms and 800 QuickDASH forms were mailed to 1400 men and 1400 women. They were selected randomly in groups of 200 men and women in each age decade from 20–29 to over 80 years old. A total of 50% of the DASH forms and 56% of the QuickDASH forms were returned ( p < 0.005). The mean DASH scores for women rose with age from 5 among those aged 20–29, to 22 among those aged 70–79 and 36 for those over 80. The corresponding mean values for men were 5, 13 and 22. The mean DASH and QuickDASH scores extracted from the DASH forms were very similar in each age decade. Spearman’s correlation coefficient for the two forms was 0.965 for all 992 forms and 0.930 for the 174 forms with scores of 30 or more. There were, however, wide confidence limits for the agreement between scores in individual patients. The high average scores in the general population, particularly among the elderly, should be borne in mind when evaluating scores among patients. The QuickDASH should be preferred to the full DASH as it gives the same information, but is shorter and completed more often.

The influence of water temperature and pH on the survival of Fasciola hepatica miracidia

Parasitology ◽  
1984 ◽  
Vol 88 (1) ◽  
pp. 97-104 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Smith ◽  
B. T. Grenfell
Keyword(s):  
Maximum Likelihood Method ◽  
Fasciola Hepatica ◽  
Good Description ◽  
Survival Function ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Likelihood Method ◽  
Confidence Limits ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Influence Of Water ◽  
The Mean

SUMMARYExperimental studies on the survival of Fasciola hepatica miracidia show no evidence that miracidial mortality varies with the pH of the medium, at least in the range 6·0–8·0. On the other hand, miracidial mortality is shown to vary with both the temperature of the medium and the age of the larvae. The mean expected life-span of the miracidium decreases from about 35 h at 6°C to about 6° h at 25° C. The Gompertz survival function provides a good description of the miracidial survivorship curves over the range of temperatures used, and we describe, a maximum likelihood method of estimating the mean values of the parameters of this function, together with their approximate 95% confidence limits.

scholarly journals FACTORS LINKED TO THE PRACTICE OF PHYSICAL ACTIVITY AMONG THE ELDERLY IN SOUTHERN BRAZIL

2019 ◽  
Vol 25 (3) ◽  
pp. 216-219
Author(s):  
Alisson Padilha de Lima ◽  
Ezequiel Vitório Lini ◽  
Marilene Rodrigues Portella ◽  
Marlene Doring ◽  
Fabrício Bruno Cardoso
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Urban Environment ◽  
Elderly People ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Level Of Evidence ◽  
Population Based Study ◽  
Multivariable Analyses ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The City

ABSTRACT Introduction The increase in chronic diseases and physical inactivity are major public health problems among elderly populations worldwide. Objective This article aimed to determine the prevalence and factors associated with the practice of physical activity (PA) among elderly people living in urban environment. Methods A cross-population-based study was conducted in 2014, with 196 elderly people aged ≥ 60 years of age living in urban environment in the city of Passo Fundo, in the State of Rio Grande do Sul. Gross and multivariable analyses were conducted using Poisson regression, estimating the ratios of gross and adjusted prevalence and calculating their respective 95% confidence intervals. Results The mean age was 71.3 (± 8.4). The gross prevalence for the practice of PA was 56.1%. After adjusted analysis, only the variable independent in activities of daily living (ADLs) remained significant (95% CI 1.05 to 4.83) (p = 0.037). Conclusions This research showed an association between the practice of PA and independence in ADLs. Level of Evidence II, Economic and decision analysis - Development of economic model or decision.

scholarly journals Incidence of atrial fibrillation in different major cancer subtypes: a Nationwide population-based 12 year follow up study

BMC Cancer ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Christina Boegh Jakobsen ◽  
Morten Lamberts ◽  
Nicholas Carlson ◽  
Morten Lock-Hansen ◽  
Christian Torp-Pedersen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Atrial Fibrillation ◽  
General Population ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Incidence Rates ◽  
Cancer Subtypes ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Rate Ratios ◽  
New Onset

Abstract Background The prevalence of both atrial fibrillation (AF) and malignancies are increasing in the elderly, but incidences of new onset AF in different cancer subtypes are not well described.The objectives of this study were therefore to determine the incidence of AF in different cancer subtypes and to examine the association of cancer and future AF. Methods Using national databases, the Danish general population was followed from 2000 until 2012. Every individual aged > 18 years and with no history of cancer or AF prior to study start was included. Incidence rates of new onset AF were identified and incidence rate ratios (IRRs) of AF in cancer patients were calculated in an adjusted Poisson regression model. Results A total of 4,324,545 individuals were included in the study. Cancer was diagnosed in 316,040 patients. The median age of the cancer population was 67.0 year and 51.5% were females. Incidences of AF were increased in all subtypes of cancer. For overall cancer, the incidence was 17.4 per 1000 person years (PY) vs 3.7 per 1000 PY in the general population and the difference increased with age. The covariate adjusted IRR for AF in overall cancer was 1.46 (95% confidence interval (CI) 1.44–1.48). The strength of the association declined with time from cancer diagnosis (IRR0-90days = 3.41 (3.29–3.54), (IRR-180 days-1 year = 1.57 (CI 1.50–1.64) and (IRR2–5 years = 1.12 (CI 1.09–1.15). Conclusions In this nationwide cohort study we observed that all major cancer subtypes were associated with an increased incidence of AF. Further, cancer and AF might be independently associated.

Headache

2002 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 127-144
Author(s):  
GJF Saldanha ◽  
CG Clough ◽  
N Ward
Keyword(s):  
General Population ◽  
Elderly Population ◽  
Large Population ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Epidemiological Studies ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Medical Attention ◽  
Population Based Study ◽  
The Usa ◽  
One Year

Little is known about the frequency of headache in the elderly population as few epidemiological studies have been carried out. In one year in the USA, 70% of the general population had a headache, 5% of whom sought medical attention. In a large population-based study carried out in East Boston, US, some 17% of patients over 65 yrs of age reported frequent headache, with 53% of women and 36% of men reporting headache in the previous year.

Cardiovascular drug use and mortality in patients with schizophrenia or bipolar disorder: a Danish population-based study

2013 ◽  
Vol 44 (8) ◽  
pp. 1625-1637 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. M. Laursen ◽  
P. B. Mortensen ◽  
J. H. MacCabe ◽  
D. Cohen ◽  
C. Gasse
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Bipolar Disorder ◽  
Drug Use ◽  
General Population ◽  
Cerebrovascular Disease ◽  
Severity Of Illness ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Danish Population ◽  
Co Morbidity ◽  
Rate Ratios

BackgroundCardiovascular (CV) co-morbidity is one of the major modifiable risk factors driving the excess mortality in individuals with schizophrenia or bipolar disorder. Population-based studies in this area are sparse.MethodWe used Danish population registers to calculate incidence rate ratios (IRRs) for CV drug use, and mortality rate ratios comparing subjects with schizophrenia or bipolar disorder with subjects with no prior psychiatric hospitalization.ResultsIRRs for CV prescriptions were significantly decreased in patients with schizophrenia or bipolar disorder compared with the general population. Among persons without previous myocardial infarction (MI) or cerebrovascular disease, persons with schizophrenia or bipolar disorder had an up to 6- and 15-fold increased mortality from all causes or unnatural causes, respectively, compared with the general population, being most pronounced among those without CV treatment (16-fold increase). Among those with previous MI or cerebrovascular disease, excess all-cause and unnatural death was lower (up to 3-fold and 7-fold increased, respectively), but was similar in CV-treated and -untreated persons.ConclusionsThe present study shows an apparent under-prescription of most CV drugs among patients with schizophrenia or bipolar disorder compared with the general population in Denmark. The excess of mortality by unnatural deaths in the untreated group suggests that the association between CV treatment and mortality may be confounded by severity of illness. However, our results also suggest that treatment of CV risk factors is neglected in these patients.

THE EXCRETION OF HUMAN CHORIONIC GONADOTROPHIN IN NORMAL PREGNANCY. AN IMMUNOLOGICAL INVESTIGATION

1964 ◽  
Vol 30 (1) ◽  
pp. 79-86 ◽  
Author(s):  
AILEEN F. CONNON
Keyword(s):  
Haemagglutination Inhibition ◽  
Normal Pregnancy ◽  
Chorionic Gonadotrophin ◽  
Human Chorionic Gonadotrophin ◽  
Confidence Limits ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Immunological Method ◽  
Immunological Investigation ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Immunological Assays

SUMMARY The haemagglutination-inhibition test was investigated as an immunological method for the assay of human chorionic gonadotrophin (HCG). The preparation of a potent antiserum to HCG is described. The results of the assay of HCG during normal pregnancy in ten patients are compared with the results of immunological assays from two Swedish laboratories. The mean values and the 95 % confidence limits for the excretion of HCG from the 10th week of normal pregnancy are calculated.

scholarly journals Normative data for the 6-min walk test in 11–14 year-olds: a population-based study

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mario Kasović ◽  
Lovro Štefan ◽  
Vilko Petrić
Keyword(s):  
Normative Data ◽  
Outcome Measure ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Healthy Children ◽  
Walk Test ◽  
Target Groups ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Population Based Study ◽  
The Mean

Abstract Background The 6-min walk test (6MWT) has become an established measure for assessing exercise capacity in children with chronic diseases. However, little evidence has been provided regarding population-based normal data in healthy children. The main purpose of the study was to provide normative data in a large sample of children. Methods In this cross-sectional study, 4352 children between 11 and 14 years were recruited (66% girls). The main outcome measure was the distance walked for six minutes. Sex- and age-specific percentile values (5th, 15th, 25th, 50th, 75th, 85th and 95th) for the 6MWT were created and the differences and correlations were examined by the analysis of variance and Pearson’s coefficient of correlation. Results The mean distance walked in 6 min was 576 ± 93 m in boys and 545 ± 92 m in girls, respectively. The mean walking speed for boys and girls was 98 ± 5 m/min and 91 ± 6 m/min. Older boys and girls performed better, compared to their younger counterparts (p for age < 0.001). The 6MWT was significantly correlated with age (r = 0.24, p < 0.001), height (r = 0.09, p < 0.001), weight (r =  − 0.13, p < 0.001) and body-mass index (r =  − 0.26, p < 0.001). Conclusions This is the first population-based study aiming to provide normative data for the 6MWT in healthy children between 11 to 14 years. Children in lower percentiles are ‘target groups’ for special intervention aiming to enhance the performance.

scholarly journals Normal interpupillary, inner canthal distance and outer canthal distance in a normal population of Pakistan

2019 ◽  
Vol 35 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nausheen Hayat ◽  
Saba Alkhairy ◽  
Alyscia Cheema ◽  
Muneeb Ehsan ◽  
Muhammad Athar Khan
Keyword(s):  
Normal Population ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Geographical Location ◽  
Normative Values ◽  
Anthropometric Measures ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Pakistani Population ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Mean

Objective: This study was conducted to quantify the normal indices of anthropometric measures related to ophthalmology including Interpupillary distance (IPD), Inner canthal distance (ICD), Outer canthal distance (OCD) in a normal, healthy Pakistani population. Methods: This is a cross sectional study. Total 500 patients were chosen randomly but 499 were included in this study. Patients were selected randomly in an outpatient department of Jinnah Post Graduate Medical Centre Karachi, over the period of five months. IPD, ICD & OCD all measurements were taken with the help of plastic rule by only one researcher to minimize chances of error as much as possible. IPD was reconfirmed from auto refractometer while ICD and OCD readings were taken twice by occluding one eye of researcher to reduce error. Participants were divided into four categories on basis of: Age, Gender, ethnicity and geographical location. Patients were further categorized on basis of Ethnicity to Urdu Speaking, Sindhi, Punjabi, Pathan, and others. Moreover, four age groups were drawn ranging from 15-24 years, 25-44 years, 45-64 years and 65 years and greater. Results: Our study comprised a total of 499 patents of which 272(54.5%) were males, and 227(45.5%) were females. The mean age of the participants was 39.3 ± 14.5 years. The mean values for the IPD, ICD and OCD in mm were 61.8 ± 6.2, 30.9 ± 2.9 and 85.2 ± 6.6 respectively. A statistically significant difference was observed between IPD, ICD and OCD Indices among male and female study participants (p<0.001, p=0.043, p<0.001). While comparing the IPD, ICD and OCD indices amongst the different ethnic groups, we found no statistically significant difference (p=0.09. p=0.28, p=0.06). Overall, there was no correlation between the age and other variables i.e. IPD, ICD, OCD, (r = 0.07, p = 0.085), (r = 0.005, p = 0.906), (r = -0.08, p = 0.058). Conclusion: This work has recommended normative values of IPD, ICD and OCD in Pakistani population on the basis different variables including gender, age, and ethnicity. How to cite this:Hayat N, Alkhairy S, Cheema A, Ehsan M, Khan MA. Normal interpupillary, inner canthal distance and outer canthal distance in a normal population of Pakistan. Pak J Med Sci. 2019;35(1):---------. doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.35.1.288 This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

scholarly journals Prehypertensive State, Mild Hypertension, Metabolic Syndrome and Cardiovascular Risk Factors among Young Adults in Rural Malaysia

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Abdullah Aszrin ◽  
Shah M Azarisman ◽  
Rahman A Jamaluddin ◽  
Razak A Tariq ◽  
Noor M Noriah
Keyword(s):  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Young Adults ◽  
Cardiovascular Risk ◽  
Mild Hypertension ◽  
Primary Care Clinic ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Care Clinic ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Biochemical Profiles ◽  
The Mean

Introduction: Prehypertension precedes overt hypertension and has been acknowledged by many guidelines. Hypertension is an important risk factor for cardiovascular disease in Malaysia. Hypertension prevalence is at 42.6% and population-based control is poor at 26.8%. The objective of the study is to ascertain the cardiovascular risk profile of prehypertensive and mildly hypertensive young adults against age-matched controls in rural Malaysia. Methods: 484 (four hundred and eighty four) subjects attending primary care clinic were screened. 91 (Ninety one) young adults with pre/mild hypertension and normotensive, agematched controls were enrolled. The blood pressure and biochemical profiles for both groups were assessed and compared. Results: Fifty-four subjects and 37 controls were enrolled. Amongst subjects, 46.3% had prehypertension and 53.7% had mild hypertension. Mean values compared to age-matched controls for MAP were 102.68 ± 7.48 vs 83.25 ± 6.08 mmHg (p< 0.001), LDL 3.75 ± 0.95 vs 3.32 ± 0.93 mmol/L (p=0.03), FBG 4.65 ± 0.54 vs 4.33 ± 0.42 mmol/L (p=0.03), BMI 28.81 ± 5.16 vs 24.12 ± 4.91 (p< 0.001). The mean BP was significantly associated with BMI, FBG, triglycerides, HDL and the TC/HDL ratio. Conclusions: Greater BMI, FBG, HDL, triglyceride levels and TC/HDL ratio characterised the young adults with pre/mild hypertension. The data suggests that hypertension in young adults is secondary to metabolic syndrome.

scholarly journals Suicide in the elderly: an epidemiologic study

2021 ◽  
Vol 55 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mariana Cristina Lobato dos Santos ◽  
Barbara Bartuciotti Giusti ◽  
Clarissa Ayri Yamamoto ◽  
Suely Itsuko Ciosak ◽  
Regina Szylit
Keyword(s):  
Retrospective Study ◽  
Mortality Rate ◽  
General Population ◽  
Elderly Population ◽  
Epidemiologic Study ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Elderly Suicide ◽  
High Place

ABSTRACT Objective: To analyze the incidence and means of elderly suicide in Brazil. Method: Epidemiologic, cross-sectional, quantitative, and retrospective study. The data were obtained in a platform maintained by the Ministry of Health and analyzed. The mortality rate was calculated and means and percentages regarding the employed means of suicide were obtained. Results: In this period, 8,977 suicides took place among the population over 60 years. The highest suicide rates were concentrated in the population over 80, which presented a mean 8.4/100,000 for this period, and between 70 and 79 years, with a mean rate of 8.2/100,000. Considering the total elderly population over 60 years, this value reached 7.8/100,000, whereas in the general population this was 5.3/100,000. The values are always higher among the elderly population: the mean rate in the last five years among the elderly is 47.2% higher than the mean for the general population. The main mean of suicide was hanging (68%), followed by firearm (11%), self-intoxication (9%), falling from a high place (5%), and undefined or undetermined means (6%). Conclusion: Epidemiologic analyses bring visibility to the dyad aging and suicide, corroborating the pertinence of this theme.

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