An Immunomodulator from Terminalia Arjuna and Biological Evaluation of its Derivatives

Detailed chemical investigation of Terminalia arjuna bark resulted in the isolation and identification of an immunomodulatory constituent, arjunic acid (1), which was converted into seven semi-synthetic derivatives (2–8). All the test compounds in 0.1, 1 and 10 μg/mL concentrations exhibited immunomodulatory effects in a dose dependant manner. 2- O-Lauroyl arjunic acid (3) and 2- O-palmitoyl arjunic acid (4) exhibited immunostimulatory response at all the tested concentrations, while arjunic acid (1), 2,3-di- O-acetyl arjunic acid (2), 2,3-di -O-benzoyl arjunic acid (6), and 2- O-p-anisoyl arjunic acid (7) exhibited immunostimulatory responses at lower doses, whereas at higher concentrations they exhibited immunosuppressive activity. Only 2,3-di- O-palmitoyl arjunic acid (5) showed immunosuppressive activity at all the concentrations; this is being reported for the first time.

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A Cytotoxic and Hepatoprotective Agent from Withania somnifera and Biological evaluation of its Ester Derivatives

Natural Product Communications ◽

10.1177/1934578x0700200714 ◽

2007 ◽

Vol 2 (7) ◽

pp. 1934578X0700200 ◽

Cited By ~ 8

Author(s):

Mohit Saxena ◽

Uzma Faridi ◽

S.K. Srivastava ◽

M. P. Darokar ◽

Rupal Mishra ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Palmitic Acid ◽

Withania Somnifera ◽

Hepatoprotective Activity ◽

Biological Evaluation ◽

Isolation And Identification ◽

Synthetic Ester ◽

Colon Cancer Cell Lines ◽

Hepatoprotective Agent ◽

First Time ◽

Detailed Chemical

Detailed chemical investigation of Withania somnifera roots resulted in the isolation and identification of a cytotoxic and hepatoprotective agent, palmitic acid (1), which was converted to eight semi-synthetic ester derivatives 2–9. t-Butyl palmitate (8) and amyl palmitate (9) were 4–6 times more active than 1 against adherent and suspension colon cancer cell lines. Interestingly, palmitic acid (1) and its ester derivatives 2–9 also showed hepatoprotective activity which is being reported for the first time.

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A New Colchicinoid from Colchicum tauri, an Unexplored Meadow Saffron Native to Jordan

Natural Product Communications ◽

10.1177/1934578x0600100203 ◽

2006 ◽

Vol 1 (2) ◽

pp. 1934578X0600100 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Feras Q. Alali ◽

Amani S. Ma'aya'h ◽

Ahmad Alkofahi ◽

Amjad Qandil ◽

Chen Li ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Brine Shrimp ◽

2D Nmr ◽

Biological Evaluation ◽

Preparative Hplc ◽

Low Resolution ◽

Isolation And Identification ◽

Brine Shrimp Lethality ◽

Chromatographic Techniques ◽

General Toxicity ◽

First Time

This study reports the isolation, characterization, and biological evaluation of constituents of Colchicum tauri Siehe ex Stef. (Colchicaceae), an unexplored Colchicum species native to Jordan. Methanolic extraction, crude alkaloid fractionation, and separation using several different chromatographic techniques (open columns, preparative TLC, and semi-preparative HPLC), as directed by the brine shrimp lethality test (BST), resulted in the isolation and identification of nine compounds: (-)-colchicine (1), (-)-2-demethylcolchicine (2), (-)-3-demethylcolchicine (3), (-)-demecolcine (4), (-)- N-methyldemecolcine (5), (-)-3-demethyl- N-methyldemecolcine (6), β-lumicolchicine (7), 3-demethyl-β-lumicolchicine (8), and apigenin (9). Compounds 1–5 and 7–8 were isolated for the first time from this species, while compound (6) represents a new colchicinoid. The structure elucidations were achieved using a series of spectroscopic and spectrometric techniques, principally 1D-NMR (1H, and 13C), 2D-NMR (COSY, ROESY, HMBC, and HSQC), and low resolution EI-MS. All compounds were tested for general toxicity using the BST, and compounds 1 and 4 were found to be the most potent, with LC50 values of 2.5 and 8.1 μg/mL, respectively.

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Antirheumatoid Arthritis Activities and Chemical Compositions of Phenolic Compounds-Rich Fraction fromUrtica atrichocaulis, an Endemic Plant to China

Evidence-based Complementary and Alternative Medicine ◽

10.1155/2012/818230 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 2012 ◽

pp. 1-10 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Mengyue Wang ◽

Ke Li ◽

Yuxiao Nie ◽

Yingfang Wei ◽

Xiaobo Li

Keyword(s):

Phenolic Compounds ◽

Chemical Constituents ◽

Biological Evaluation ◽

Chemical Compositions ◽

Endemic Plant ◽

Isolation And Identification ◽

Phenolic Components ◽

Phenolic Constituents ◽

Cotton Pellet ◽

First Time

Urtica atrichocaulis, an endemic plant to China, is commonly used to treat rheumatoid arthritis even though its pharmaceutical activities and chemical constituents were not studied. Herein, we reported our investigations on the chemical compositions of the phenolic compounds-rich fraction fromU. atrichocaulis(TFUA) and their antirheumatoid arthritis activities. We found that the TFUA significantly inhibited the adjuvant-induced rats arthritis, carrageenin-induced rats paw edema, cotton pellet-induced mice granuloma, and the acetic acid-induced mice writhing response. Our phytochemical investigations on the TFUA resulted in the first-time isolation and identification of 17 phenolic constituents and a bis (5-formylfurfuryl) ether. The extensive HPLC analysis also revealed the chemical compositions of TFUA. Our further biological evaluation of the main phenolic components, individually and collectively, indicated that the antirheumatoid arthritis activities of TFUA were the combined effect of multiple phenolic constituents.

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Revealing the constituents of Egypt’s oldest beer using infrared and mass spectrometry

Scientific Reports ◽

10.1038/s41598-019-52877-0 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 9 (1) ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Mohamed A. Farag ◽

Moamen M. Elmassry ◽

Masahiro Baba ◽

Renée Friedman

Keyword(s):

Large Scale ◽

Beer Brewing ◽

Chemical Signatures ◽

Chemical Determination ◽

Materials Used ◽

High Level ◽

Beer Production ◽

First Time ◽

Detailed Chemical

Abstract Previous studies have shown that the Ancient Egyptians used malted wheat and barley as the main ingredients in beer brewing, but the chemical determination of the exact recipe is still lacking. To investigate the constituents of ancient beer, we conducted a detailed IR and GC-MS based metabolite analyses targeting volatile and non-volatile metabolites on the residues recovered from the interior of vats in what is currently the world’s oldest (c. 3600 BCE) installation for large-scale beer production located at the major pre-pharaonic political center at Hierakonpolis, Egypt. In addition to distinguishing the chemical signatures of various flavoring agents, such as dates, a significant result of our analysis is the finding, for the first time, of phosphoric acid in high level probably used as a preservative much like in modern beverages. This suggests that the early brewers had acquired the knowledge needed to efficiently produce and preserve large quantities of beer. This study provides the most detailed chemical profile of an ancient beer using modern spectrometric techniques and providing evidence for the likely starting materials used in beer brewing.

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Mammalian Arginase Inhibitory Activity of Methanolic Extracts and Isolated Compounds from Cyperus Species

Molecules ◽

10.3390/molecules26061694 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 26 (6) ◽

pp. 1694

Author(s):

Kamel Arraki ◽

Perle Totoson ◽

Alain Decendit ◽

Andy Zedet ◽

Justine Maroilley ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Inhibitory Activity ◽

Methanolic Extract ◽

Significant Inhibition ◽

Isolation And Identification ◽

Vasorelaxant Effect ◽

Methanolic Extracts ◽

Phytochemical Investigation ◽

Ic50 Values ◽

First Time

Polyphenolic enriched extracts from two species of Cyperus, Cyperus glomeratus and Cyperus thunbergii, possess mammalian arginase inhibitory capacities, with the percentage inhibition ranging from 80% to 95% at 100 µg/mL and 40% to 64% at 10 µg/mL. Phytochemical investigation of these species led to the isolation and identification of two new natural stilbene oligomers named thunbergin A-B (1–2), together with three other stilbenes, trans-resveratrol (3), trans-scirpusin A (4), trans-cyperusphenol A (6), and two flavonoids, aureusidin (5) and luteolin (7), which were isolated for the first time from C.thunbergii and C. glomeratus. Structures were established on the basis of the spectroscopic data from MS and NMR experiments. The arginase inhibitory activity of compounds 1–7 was evaluated through an in vitro arginase inhibitory assay using purified liver bovine arginase. As a result, five compounds (1, 4–7) showed significant inhibition of arginase, with IC50 values between 17.6 and 60.6 µM, in the range of those of the natural arginase inhibitor piceatannol (12.6 µM). In addition, methanolic extract from Cyperus thunbergii exhibited an endothelium and NO-dependent vasorelaxant effect on thoracic aortic rings from rats and improved endothelial dysfunction in an adjuvant-induced arthritis rat model.

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Studies on the Chemical Diversities of Secondary Metabolites Produced by Neosartorya fischeri via the OSMAC Method

Molecules ◽

10.3390/molecules23112772 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 23 (11) ◽

pp. 2772 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

You-Min Ying ◽

Lu Huang ◽

Ting Tian ◽

Cui-Yu Li ◽

Shi-Lei Wang ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Secondary Metabolites ◽

Cancer Cell Line ◽

2D Nmr ◽

Natural Occurrence ◽

Fungal Metabolites ◽

Isolation And Identification ◽

Late Step ◽

Neosartorya Fischeri ◽

The One ◽

First Time

The One Strain Many Compounds (OSMAC) method was applied to explore the chemical diversities of secondary metabolites produced by Neosartorya fischeri NRRL 181. Four pyripyropenes 1–4, eight steroids 5–11, and four prenylated indole alkaloids 12–15, were obtained from the fungus cultured in petri dishes containing potato dextrose agar (PDA). 1,7,11-trideacetylpyripyropene A (1) and 1,11-dideacetyl pyripyropene A (2) were obtained and spectroscopically characterized (1D, 2D NMR, and HR-ESI-MS) from a natural source for the first time. It offered a sustainable source of these two compounds, which were usually used as starting materials in preparing pyripyropene derivatives. In addition, as compared with all the other naturally occurring pyripyropenes, 1 and 2 possessed unique acetylation patterns that did not follow the established late-step biosynthetic rules of pyripyropenes. The natural occurrence of 1 and 2 in the fungus implied that the timing and order of hydroxylation and acetylation in the late-step biosynthetic pathway of pyripyropenes remained to be revealed. The isolation and identification of 1–15 indicated that the OSMAC method could remarkably alter the metabolic profile and enrich the chemical diversities of fungal metabolites. Compounds 1–4 exhibited no obvious cytotoxicity against the triple-negative breast cancer cell line MDA-MB-231 as compared with taxol.

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Isolation and Identification of Vibrio cholerae causes Epidemic cholera 2007 in Iraq by Rapid Method (Immunochromatographic one step rapid visual test) and comparing it with the traditional Bacterlogical Methods

Baghdad Science Journal ◽

10.21123/bsj.8.1.29-34 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 8 (1) ◽

pp. 29-34

Author(s):

Baghdad Science Journal

Keyword(s):

Vibrio Cholerae ◽

Rapid Method ◽

Fast Method ◽

Visual Test ◽

Cultural Characteristics ◽

Isolation And Identification ◽

One Step ◽

Anti Body ◽

First Time ◽

Cultural Media

This study was for searching for Cholera Bacteria serotype which causes epidemiology Cholera in the 2007 in a fast method which contains (Rapid Visual Test) (Crystal V.C.) which was used for the first time in Iraq to diagnosis of Cholera Bacteria & compared with the traditional bacteriology method. The Cholera disease is one of the most dangerous epidemiological diseases which lead to death with a percentage of (50 – 70) % in the severe cases for untreated patients . For this purpose, 100 samples of stool from the patients from a (13) hospitals in Baghdad Governorate in the period from August to the end of December. The Cholera was diagnosis in two methods, 1st method was the fast method using the nitrocellulose which is coated with anti-body of Cholera Bacteria .The results was compared with the 2nd method which depends on the cultural characteristics of the cultural media, also the bacteria was diagnosis using the biochemical inspects by the system of API 20E in addition to the using of antisera to specify serotype& sub-serotype ( Monovalent, Polyvalent(O1) . Also, the relation between the disease & the months in the year in which the disease appear was studied. The results show the ability to isolate & identifecate (78) isolate for the serotype (01) in the fast method ( Rapid Visual Test ) ( Crystal V-C ) , & after the bacteriology inspects on these (78) isolate the all isolates were belongs for Cholera Bacteria of the serotype (01) till the sub-serotype , all the (78) isolates were belongs to the sub-serotype (Inaba). The results show, the most infection was in September (36) , & October (22).

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Synthetic Derivatives of Natural Alkaloid Harmine

Eurasian Chemico-Technological Journal ◽

10.18321/ectj281 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 11 (3) ◽

pp. 199

Author(s):

N.M. Ismagulova ◽

Zh.S. Nurmaganbetov ◽

A.Zh. Turmukhambetov ◽

T.S. Seitembetov ◽

S.M. Adekenov

Keyword(s):

Indole Alkaloid ◽

Quaternary Ammonium Salts ◽

Ammonium Salts ◽

Peganum Harmala ◽

Underground Part ◽

X Ray ◽

Natural Alkaloid ◽

First Time ◽

Synthetic Derivatives ◽

Derivatives Of

The indole alkaloid harmine was extracted from underground part of <em>Peganum harmala L.</em> With the purpose of obtaining the new biological active derivatives on base of alkaloid harmine the chemical modification was carried out. The p-toluolsulfochlorid, p-toluolsulfoacid, hydrochloric, sulfuric, nitric acids, dioxide selenium and phthalic anhydride have been chosen as modifiers. For the first time quaternary ammonium salts, derivatives of N-oxide and N (2)-oxyharminiumphthalate harmine are synthesized. The structure of the synthesized compounds is determined by methods of the spectral analysis and X-ray analysis. Antimicrobic and phagocytosis stimulating activities of isolated alkaloids and their derivatives are investigated.

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Small Molecule Constituents of Periplaneta americana and Their IL-6 Inhibitory Activities

Natural Product Communications ◽

10.1177/1934578x211033180 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 16 (9) ◽

pp. 1934578X2110331

Author(s):

Hua-Sheng Zhang ◽

Yong-Ming Yan ◽

Dai-Wei Wang ◽

Qing Lv ◽

Yong-Xian Cheng ◽

...

Keyword(s):

High Performance Liquid Chromatography ◽

High Performance ◽

Periplaneta Americana ◽

Ethanol Extract ◽

Biological Evaluation ◽

Dependent Manner ◽

Chemical Methods ◽

Concentration Dependent Manner ◽

Inhibitory Activities ◽

First Time

Two new glycosides, periplanosides A (1) and B (2), 3 compounds reported from a natural source for the first time (3 − 5), and 6 known compounds 6 − 11 were isolated from the ethanol extract of Periplaneta americana (Linnaeus). Their structures, including absolute configurations, were unambiguously identified by comprehensive spectroscopic and chemical methods. Compound 3 is a racemate whose enantiomers were purified by chiral high-performance liquid chromatography . The biological evaluation results showed that compound 7 (0 − 20 μM) did not affect the viability of RAW264.7 cells and could effectively inhibit the production of interleukin-6 stimulated by lipopolysaccharide in a concentration-dependent manner, indicating the potential to develop novel agents against inflammation-related diseases.

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Chemical Constituents and Derivatization of Melodorinol from the Roots of Melodorum fruticosum

Natural Product Communications ◽

10.1177/1934578x1501000426 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 10 (4) ◽

pp. 1934578X1501000

Author(s):

Siriwat Hongnak ◽

Jongkolnee Jongaramruong ◽

Suttira Khumkratok ◽

Pongpun Siriphong ◽

Santi Tip-pyang

Keyword(s):

Cell Lines ◽

Spectroscopic Data ◽

Chemical Constituents ◽

Chemical Investigation ◽

Crude Extracts ◽

First Time ◽

Mcf 7

Chemical investigation of the CH2Cl2 and MeOH crude extracts of the roots of Melodorum fruticosum Lour. led to the isolation of 15 known compounds, of which 5, 10, and 12-15 are reported for the first time from this plant. In addition, melodorinol (7) was derivatized to afford six new (7a-7d and 7f-7g) analogues and one known compound (7e). Their structures were identified on the basic of spectroscopic data. Most of them were evaluated for their cytotoxicity against KB, HeLa, MCF-7 and HepG-2 cell lines. Compounds 4 and 7b were the most potent to all cell lines.

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