scholarly journals Antimicrobial Evaluation of Clerodane Diterpenes from Polyalthia Longifolia Var. Pendula

2009 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 1934578X0900400 ◽  
Author(s):  
Koneni V. Sashidhara ◽  
Suriya P. Singh ◽  
P.K. Shukla
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Sporothrix Schenckii ◽  
Ethanolic Extract ◽  
Phytochemical Investigation ◽  
Clerodane Diterpenes ◽  
Antimicrobial Evaluation ◽  
Clerodane Diterpenoids ◽  
Polyalthia Longifolia ◽  
First Time ◽  
Mic Value

Phytochemical investigation of the ethanolic extract of leaves of Polyalthia longifolia var. pendula has led to the isolation of seven clerodane diterpenoids and five alkaloids. (-)-14, 15-bisnor-3, 11 E-kolavadien-13-one (1), (-)-16-oxocleroda-3,13(14) E-dien-15-oic acid (2), (-)-16α-hydroxycleroda-3,13 (14) Z-dien-15,16-olide (3), (+)-(4→2)-abeo-16(R/S)-2, 13 Z-kolavadien-15, 16-olide-3-al (4), (-)-3β, 16α-dihydroxycleroda-4(18), 13(14) Z-dien45,16-olide (5), (-)-3, 12 E-kolavadien-15-oic acid-16-al (6), (-)-labd-13 E-en-8-ol-15-oic acid (7), liriodenine (8), (-)-anonaine (9), (+)-isoboldine (10), (-)-asimilobine (11) and hordenine (12) have been isolated. This is the first report of 1, 6 and 10 from this plant species while 12 is reported for first time from this genus. Clerodane derivatives 1-7 were evaluated for their antimicrobial activity. Diterpene 3 was found to be most potent agent with MIC value of 6.25 μg/mL against Staphylococcus aureus and Sporothrix schenckii.

scholarly journals Study on antibacterial activity of Calotropis procera

2014 ◽  
Author(s):  
Muhammad Muzammal
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Methanolic Extract ◽  
Ethanolic Extract ◽  
Salmonella Typhi ◽  
Calotropis Procera ◽  
Phytochemical Analysis ◽  
Zone Of Inhibition ◽  
Crude Extracts ◽  
Mic Value

Comparative study of plant extracts crude and aqueous, methanolic and ethanolic with antibiotics, provide evidence that calotropis procera extracts has the similar antibacterial activity as these antibiotics against test pathogens i.e. Salmonella typhi and E.coli. The analysis of antimicrobial activity of aqueous, methanolic and ethanolic extract of leaves and flower of Calotropis procera was carried out in disc method and also determined MIC value at 600nm through optical density using spectrophotometer. The zone of inhibition produced by extracts was examined and compares it with zone produced by antibiotics. The effect exhibited by ethanolic extract of leaves and flower was significantly greater than the aqueous and methanolic extract of leaves and flower. Crude extracts i.e. latex, leaves, fruit and flower crude extracts. Among them, flower crude extracts shows similar zone of inhibition to test anitibiotics.while in MIC value, we made different concentration of extracts and antibiotics.i.e for crude we made 25%, 50%.75% and 100% concentration of crude juice and for the aqueous, methanolic and ethanolic we made 0.5mg/mL,1mg/mL,2mg/mL,3mg/mL,4mg/mL, 5mg/mL and 6mg/mL in Dimethyl salfoxide, and same antibiotics concentration. Aqueous leaves extracts show MIC at 0.5mg/ml against E.coli while against Salmonella it shows MIC at 1mg/ml... We also determine phytochemical analysis for presences of different compounds in crude extracts. The obtained results provide a support for the use of Calotropis procera, in traditional medicine and suggest its further advance investigation.

scholarly journals Evaluation of Antimicrobial Activity and Synergistic Effect of Spices against Few Selected Pathogens

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 ◽  
pp. 10-18
Author(s):  
Renuka Maharjan ◽  
Saru Thapa ◽  
Amrit Acharya
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Synergistic Effect ◽  
Inhibitory Concentration ◽  
Agar Plate ◽  
Ethanolic Extract ◽  
Fractional Inhibitory Concentration ◽  
Zone Of Inhibition ◽  
Soxhlet Apparatus ◽  
Mic Value

Objectives: The main objective of this study was to evaluate antimicrobial activity of ethanolic extract of spices along with determination of its synergistic effect against few selected pathogens. Methods: In this study, ethanolic extract of 5 different spices; Zingiber officinale (Ginger), Allium sativum (Garlic), Curcuma longa (Turmeric), Capsicum annum (Chili) and Allium cepa (Onion) were obtained by using Soxhlet apparatus. The ethanolic extract was concentrated by evaporation and different concentrations of extract were prepared in Dimethy Sulphoxide (DMSO) solvent. Test organisms included mainly pathogens i.e. Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Klebsiella pneumoniae. The antimicrobial activities of the extracts were determined by well diffusion technique both individually and in combination. On the other hand, Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) and Minimum Bactericidal Concentration (MBC) was determined by serial dilution technique. The result were interpreted on the basis of the fact that the growth occurs in positive control and other tubes with inadequate amount of extract whereas the lowest concentration of agent that inhibits growth of organism, detected by lack of visible turbidity by inhibition of 99% is designed as the MIC. The MBC is identified by determining the lowest concentration of extract solution that reduces the viability of the initial bacterial inoculum by a predetermined reduction such as ≥99.9%. Likewise, for determination of Fractional Inhibitory Concentration Index (FICI), two extracts were combined along with standardized inoculum of bacterial strain. Tubes without visible turbidity were streaked on agar plate and observed for 99.9% killing.   Results: All the tested extract of spices were found effective against S. aureus and K. pneumoniae only. The highest zone of inhibition (ZOI) was found in chili extract (ZOI=26 mm) against S. aureus whereas lowest zone of inhibition was found in garlic extract against K. pneumoniae (ZOI=12mm). Similarly, highest ZOI was produced by combined extract of both Turmeric and Ginger (ZOI= 26 mm). Turmeric extract was found to be effective against S. aureus (MIC value = 62.5 mg /ml and MBC value = 31.25 mg/ml) and K. pneumoniae (MIC value 125 mg/ml and MBC value = 62.5 mg/ml). The Fractional Inhibitory Concentration (FIC) values of combined extract suggested synergistic and additive effect (0.5<FIC<1). Chili and ginger were effective with FIC value of 0.25. Conclusion: To recapitulate, the extract of spices can be used to prevent the pathogenic organism.

Phytoconstituents from Polyscias guilfoylei leaves with histamine-release inhibition activity

2019 ◽  
Vol 74 (5-6) ◽  
pp. 145-150
Author(s):  
Naglaa S. Ashmawy ◽  
Haidy A. Gad ◽  
Nawal Al-Musayeib ◽  
Sherweit H. El-Ahmady ◽  
Mohamed L. Ashour ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Histamine Release ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Gram Negative Bacteria ◽  
Spectroscopic Analyses ◽  
Phytochemical Investigation ◽  
Diphenyltetrazolium Bromide ◽  
Hct 116 ◽  
First Time ◽  
Mcf 7

Abstract Phytochemical investigation of Polyscias guilfoylei leaves extract (PGE) led to the isolation of nine compounds, that is, ent-labda-8(17),13-diene-15,18-diol (1), stigmasterol (2), spinasterol (3), N-(1,3-dihydroxyoctadecan-2-yl) palmitamide (4), panaxydiol (5), 3-O-β-d-glucopyranosylstigmasta-5,22-diene-3-β-ol (6), (8Z)-2-(2 hydroxypentacosanoylamino) octadeca-8-ene-1,3,4-triol (7), 4-hydroxybenzoic acid (8), and tamarixetin 3,7-di-O-α-L-rhamnopyranoside (9). Compound 4 is reported in this study for the first time in nature whereas compound 9 is reported for the second time. Structural elucidation of the compounds was carried out using Nuclear Magnetic Resonance and Electrospray Ionization coupled with Mass Spectrometry spectroscopic analyses. PGE and compounds 4 and 9 exhibited weak cytotoxicity against both MCF-7 and HCT-116 cell lines using 3-(4,5-Dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-Diphenyltetrazolium Bromide assay. The antimicrobial activity of PGE and compounds 4 and 9 was evaluated using the agar diffusion method. Escherichia coli was the most susceptible Gram-negative bacteria toward PGE with a minimum inhibitory concentration value of 9.76 μg/mL, whereas compounds 4 and 9 did not show any antimicrobial activity. Compound 4 exhibited promising inhibition of histamine release using U937 human monocytes with an IC50 value of 38.65 μg/mL.

Antimicrobial activity of clerodane diterpenoids from Polyalthia longifolia seeds

Fitoterapia ◽  
2005 ◽  
Vol 76 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 336-339 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Marthanda Murthy ◽  
M. Subramanyam ◽  
M. Hima Bindu ◽  
J. Annapurna
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Clerodane Diterpenoids ◽  
Polyalthia Longifolia

scholarly journals ANTIMICROBIAL EVALUATION OF ETHANOLIC EXTRACT OF SELECTED SEED SHELLS

2020 ◽  
pp. 74-76
Author(s):  
MOUSHUMI BAIDYA ◽  
ANBU J. ◽  
SEMIMUL AKHTAR ◽  
SIPRA SARKAR ◽  
SUDIP KUMAR MANDAL
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Fungal Pathogens ◽  
Antimicrobial Properties ◽  
Ethanolic Extract ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Local Market ◽  
Bacterial Strains ◽  
Study Results ◽  
Fungal Organisms ◽  
Antimicrobial Evaluation

Objective: The study was undertaken to evaluate the antimicrobial activity of ethanolic extract of polyherbal seed shells. Methods: The seed of Momordica charantia, Manikara zapota, Emblica officinalis, Syzygium cumini, collected from the local market, Mathikere, Bangalore, India. Ethanolic extract was prepared from the dried seed powders using solvent 80% ethanol. Initially, antimicrobial activity of the extract was performed by agar well diffusion method against two bacterial strains (Escherichia coli, and Staphylococcus aureus) and two fungal pathogens (Aspergillus niger and Candida albicans). Results: The antimicrobial study results revealed that the test extract was strongly inhibited the growth of bacteria, whereas it was not inhibited the growth of fungal organisms used in this study. Conclusion: The results suggest that ethanolic extract of seeds possess antimicrobial properties which can be used for the treatment of infectious diseases.

Antimicrobial Activity of Crude Extract Obtained from the Root of Plumbago zeylanica

1970 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
pp. 73-75 ◽  
Author(s):  
M Shafiqur Rahman ◽  
M Nural Anwar
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Minimum Inhibitory Concentration ◽  
Inhibitory Concentration ◽  
Ethanolic Extract ◽  
Phytopathogenic Fungi ◽  
Plumbago Zeylanica ◽  
Antifungal Activities ◽  
Antibacterial And Antifungal Activities ◽  
Antibacterial And Antifungal ◽  
Mic Value

Ethanolic extract of Plumbago zeylanica root was investigated for its antimicrobial activities against 11 human pathogenic bacteria and 6 phytopathogenic fungi using disc diffusion method and poisoned food technique respectively. The extract exhibited good antibacterial and antifungal activities against the test organisms. Among the test bacteria, Vibrio cholerae was found to be the most sensitive to the extract showing the highest diameter of zone of inhibition and lowest minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) value (200 μg/ml). The extract was also very effective against Escherichia coli and Pseudomonas aeruginosa showing MIC value of 250 μg/ml. Among the phytopathogenic fungi tested, Curvularia lunata exhibited the highest sensitivity to the extract with an MIC value of 150 μg/ml, which was followed next by Colletotrichum corchori and Fusarium equiseti (MIC value 250 μg/ml). The root extract from P. zeylanica seems promising since it showed both antibacterial and antifungal activities.  Keywords: Antimicrobial activity, Plumbago zeylanica, Ethanolic extract, Minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC)DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjm.v24i1.1244  Bangladesh J Microbiol, Volume 24, Number 1, June 2007, pp73-75

Phytochemical Investigation and Antibacterial Activity of Bergenia ligulata

2013 ◽  
Vol 28 ◽  
pp. 110-114
Author(s):  
M. Rajbhandari ◽  
H. R. Khatri ◽  
M. Lalk ◽  
M. B. Gewali ◽  
U. Lindequist
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Plant Extracts ◽  
Methanol Extract ◽  
Methanolic Extract ◽  
Chemical Society ◽  
Gram Positive Bacteria ◽  
Phytochemical Investigation ◽  
Soluble Phase ◽  
First Time

In the course of screening of plant extracts for antimicrobial activity, the methanolic extract of Bergenia ligulata (Saxifragaceae) exhibited antibacterial activity against gram-positive bacteria. Fractionation of ethylacetate soluble phase of the methanol extract led to the isolation of bergenin (1), 11-O-p-hydroxybenzoylbergenin (2), 6-O-galloylarbutin (3) and epiafzelechin (4). Except bergenin, other compounds were isolated for the first time from B. ligulata. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/jncs.v28i0.8118 Journal of Nepal Chemical Society Vol. 28, 2011 Page: 110-114 Uploaded Date: May 24, 2013

scholarly journals Gastroprotective Activity of Parastrephia quadrangularis (Meyen), Cabrera from the Atacama Desert

Molecules ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 23 (9) ◽  
pp. 2361 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alejandro Ardiles ◽  
Ruth Barrientos ◽  
Mario Simirgiotis ◽  
Jorge Bórquez ◽  
Beatriz Sepúlveda ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Mouse Model ◽  
Atacama Desert ◽  
Ethanolic Extract ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
Gastroprotective Activity ◽  
Control Drug ◽  
Orbitrap Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Clerodane Diterpenes ◽  
First Time

Forty-three metabolites including several methoxylated flavonoids, tremetones, and ent-clerodane diterpenes were accurately identified for the first time in the ethanolic extract of P. quadrangularis by means of hyphenated UHPLC-quadrupole Orbitrap mass spectrometry, and seven isolated compounds were tested regarding gastroprotective activity using the HCl/EtOH-induced lesion model in mice. A new tremetone (compound 6) is reported based on spectroscopic evidence. The isolated clerodanes and tremetones showed gastroprotective activity in a mouse model, evidenced by compound 7 (p-coumaroyloxytremetone), which showed the highest gastroprotective activity (76%), which was higher than the control drug lansoprazole (72%). Our findings revealed that several constituents of this plant have gastroprotective activity, and particularly, p-coumaroyloxytremetone could be considered as a lead molecule to explore new gastroprotective agents. This plant is a rich source of biologically active tremetones and terpenoids which can support the ethnobotanical use of the plant.

scholarly journals Fatty acid Composition and Antimicrobial Activity of Celtis australis L. Fruits

2010 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 397-402 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Badoni ◽  
D. K. Semwal ◽  
U. Rawat
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Methyl Oleate ◽  
Methyl Esters ◽  
Ethanolic Extract ◽  
Fatty Acid Analysis ◽  
E Coli ◽  
First Time ◽  
Celtis Australis

Methyl esters of fatty acid obtained from Celtis australis fruits were subjected to GC-MS in order to determine the identity and concentration of its constituents. Methyl oleate (25.7%), methyl palmitate (22.2%), methyl tricosanoate (13.3%), methyl lineolate (7.8%), methyl dotriacentanoate (2.6%) and methyl 14-acetylhydroxypalmitate (2.1%) were the major constituents out of total characterized composition (95.455%) of fatty acid. The ethanolic extract of fruits was used for evaluating its antimicrobial activity against Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas auroginosa, Escherichia coli and Bacillus subtilis. The extract showed significant results against P. auroginosa and E. coli.  The antimicrobial activity and fatty acid analysis of C. australis of fatty acid fruits has been carried out for the first time. Keywords: Celtis australis; Ulmaceae; methyl oleate; methyl tricosanoate; Pseudomonas auroginosa; Escherichia coli. © 2010 JSR Publications. ISSN: 2070-0237 (Print); 2070-0245 (Online). All rights reserved. DOI: 10.3329/jsr.v2i2.4056                J. Sci. Res. 2 (2), 397-402 (2010) 

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