Traveler Attitudes Toward Biometric Data-Enabled Hotel Services: Can Risk Education Play a Role?

2021 ◽  
pp. 193896552110632
Author(s):  
Xinran Y. Lehto ◽  
Soona Park ◽  
Mohamed E. Mohamed ◽  
Mark R. Lehto
Keyword(s):  
Rational Choice Theory ◽  
Choice Theory ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Positive Influence ◽  
Biometric Data ◽  
Risks And Benefits ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Risk Education ◽  
Artificial Intelligence Technology

This study compares attitudes toward the use of biometrics data-enabled services in hotels of prospective travelers before and after receiving information about the risks and benefits of disclosing biometric data and about how the disclosed data are being utilized. This was done based on a sample of 579 U.S. respondents, using a split-plot scenario-based experimental design. The results revealed that the respondents did not show enthusiastic support for biometrics-based hotel services. Most sampled respondents did not view such services as highly desirable or as having a positive influence on their sense of well-being. Significant demographic differences were observed between prospective travelers. Females and older respondents in particular provided significantly lower ratings of biometric-enabled services on both desirability and effects on well-being. Significant changes in respondents’ ratings were also observed when information was given about the risks and benefits of disclosing biometric data and how the disclosed data were being utilized. That is, respondents’ ratings were lower when information was given about the risks and for scenarios where the data were utilized in ways that increased risk. Overall, these results are consistent with rational choice theory and demonstrate a strong risk-education effect or information-nudge effect on consumer acceptance of commercial use in hotels of artificial intelligence technology. The study outcomes also provide insight for developing potential guardrails and parameters for designing intelligent hospitality services.

scholarly journals Promoting Team-Based Exercise Among African American Breast Cancer Survivors

2018 ◽  
Vol 40 (12) ◽  
pp. 1885-1902 ◽  
Author(s):  
Linda B. Piacentine ◽  
Karen M. Robinson ◽  
Leslie J. Waltke ◽  
Judy A. Tjoe ◽  
Alexander V. Ng
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
African American ◽  
Cancer Survivors ◽  
Breast Cancer Survivors ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Walking Program ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Mind Set ◽  
Poor Outcomes

Physical activity benefits the health and well-being of breast cancer survivors (BCS). Yet, many African American survivors do not routinely exercise and have increased risk of poor outcomes. The purpose of this mixed-method study was to identify motivational factors compelling African American BCS to participate in a 14-week team walking program and to intend to continue exercise after the intervention concluded. Focus groups were held with participants ( n = 12) before and after training. Content analysis discovered themes before the intervention: Not wanting to go at it alone, exercise not a life or treatment priority, cancer treatment affected activity, advocates to exercise, and can exercise really help? Four themes postintervention themes included: In the same boat, changed mind-set, improved weight and activity, and overcoming barriers. Physical data verified improvements. Results suggest that a team-based exercise training program may assist in overcoming a sedentary behavior tendency and subsequently improve health among survivors.

Measuring the efficacy of a wildfire education program in Colorado Springs

2007 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 33 ◽  
Author(s):  
Geoffrey H. Donovan, PhD ◽  
Patricia A. Champ, PhD ◽  
David T. Butry, PhD
Keyword(s):  
Education Program ◽  
Building Materials ◽  
The United States ◽  
Wildfire Risk ◽  
Colorado Springs ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Home Sales ◽  
Risk Education ◽  
Wildfire Suppression

Drought conditions in much of the West, increased residential development, and elevated fuels from a century of wildfire suppression have increased wildfire risk in the United States. In light of this increased risk, an innovative wildfire risk education program in Colorado Springs was examined, which rated the wildfire risk of 35,000 homes in the city’s wildlandurban interface. Evidence from home sales before and after the program’s implementation suggests that the program was successful at changing homebuyer’s attitudes toward wildfire risk, particularly preferences for flammable building materials.

scholarly journals The Impact of Village Fund Program on Improving Well-being

JEJAK ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 345-366
Author(s):  
Bagoes Joetarto ◽  
Agung Setiawan ◽  
Farida Farida
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Positive Influence ◽  
High Poverty ◽  
Capita Expenditure ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Per Capita ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Village

Laws no. 6 of 2014 concerning villages has placed villages at the forefront of development and improvement of community welfare. Villages have been given adequate authority and availability of Village Funds, so that it can manage the village’s potential, solve problems, economic growth, and improve welfare in the village. Researchers will measure changes in expenditu re per capita of the population before and after the implementation of the Village Fund program by conducting statistical analysis on secondary data from 432 districts as a research sample. From the results of analysis using regression panel data, it shows that the intervention of the Village Fund has a positive influence on the increase in expenditure per capita of the rural population. In addition, this study also found that the magnitude of the influence of the Village Fund intervention on per capita expenditure varies by region type. First, an increase in per capita expenditure was found to be grater with better village infrastructure conditions compared to areas with poor village infrastructure. Second, same pattern was also found in regions with low poverty rates compared to regions with high poverty rates.  Expenditures per capita rates found higher in regions with low poverty rates compared to regions with high poverty rates.

scholarly journals Study of Philanthropic Behaviour in Divine Economics Framework

2004 ◽  
Vol 43 (4II) ◽  
pp. 875-894 ◽  
Author(s):  
Syed Nisar Hussain Hamdani ◽  
Eatzaz Ahmad ◽  
Mahmood Khalid
Keyword(s):  
Rational Choice Theory ◽  
Choice Theory ◽  
Labour Supply ◽  
Religious Affiliation ◽  
Economic Importance ◽  
World Population ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Household Resource ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Real World Situation

Unfortunately, religious behaviour has been viewed by economists in terms of “Islamic economics,” “Christian economics”, etc. [Iannaccone (1986)]. Hence there has been a dichotomy prevailing between religious economic frameworks and the conventional rational choice theory.1 Whereas the conventional economists tried a variety of models to estimate the relationship between wages and time allocated to market labour supply but found that results mostly do not speak of the real world situation [Deaton (1980)]. The underlying reason was supposed to be faith and values which have strong effect on labour supply decisions [Pencavel (1986)]. The philanthropic behaviour relates to labour supply decisions directly through time allocated to voluntary services or indirectly through time allocated for earning and then donations out of these. It is observed that the variables of economic importance especially those relating to household resource allocation or labour supply decisions seem to be present in religious affiliation of individuals, their values and their perceptions about life before and after death as believed by the followers of divine religions which account for about two thirds of the world population.

Rational Choice Theory and the 1990 Party Merger in South Korea

OUGHTOPIA ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 35 (2) ◽  
pp. 247-282
Author(s):  
In-Kyun Kim ◽  
Myeong-Geon Koh
Keyword(s):  
South Korea ◽  
Rational Choice ◽  
Rational Choice Theory ◽  
Choice Theory

POLITICS-LAW CONVERGENCE OR DIVERGENCE? 'SMALL' POLITICAL PARTIES, REALPOLITIKAND SOUTH AFRICA'S 20 YEARS OF DEMOCRACY

2015 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Kealeboga J Maphunye
Keyword(s):  
Game Theory ◽  
Political Parties ◽  
Rational Choice ◽  
Significant Role ◽  
Rational Choice Theory ◽  
Choice Theory ◽  
Democratic Consolidation ◽  
Secondary Research ◽  
Extant Literature ◽  
African Charter

This article examines South Africa's 20-year democracy by contextualising the roles of the 'small' political parties that contested South Africa's 2014 elections. Through the  prism  of South  Africa's  Constitution,  electoral legislation  and the African Charter on Democracy, Elections and Governance, it examines these parties' roles in South Africa's democratisation; their influence,  if any, in parliament, and whether they play any role in South Africa's continental or international engagements. Based on a review of the extant literature, official documents,  legislation, media, secondary research, reports and the results of South Africa's elections, the article relies on game theory, rational choice theory and theories of democracy and democratic consolidation to examine 'small' political parties' roles in the country's political and legal systems. It concludes that the roles of 'small' parties in governance and democracy deserve greater recognition than is currently the case, but acknowledges the extreme difficulty experienced by the 'small'  parties in playing a significant role in democratic consolidation, given their formidable opponent in a one-party dominant system.

Nuclear Weapons, South Asia and Morality

Think India ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 22 (3) ◽  
pp. 535-546
Author(s):  
ABHISHEK CHOUDHARY
Keyword(s):  
South Asia ◽  
Nuclear Power ◽  
Rational Choice Theory ◽  
Choice Theory ◽  
Great Powers ◽  
Moral Perspective ◽  
The Us ◽  
Positive Duties ◽  
Nuclear Development ◽  
Asian Context

The paper analyses the concerns arising from a moral perspective in the context of a renewed arms race in South Asia. It challenges the idea that possession of nuclear power could in any way contribute to any sort of balance. The emulation of so-called great powers and expecting that balance would arrive as it did in the case of the US and the erstwhile-USSR during cold war is detrimental to the temporal and spatial uniqueness of South Asia. Deterrence, based on rational choice theory, does not apply to the South Asian context due to ambiguity owing to mutual mistrust especially in the case of India and Pakistan. Also, it no longer only sates that are sole actors in the international arena. One cannot expect the non-state actors to behave in a rational manner. Furthermore, the idea of ‘credible minimum deterrence’ itself is questionable as it is a flexible posture adjusted to relative prowess and ambiguity in policy further aggravates the situation. The paper argues from a consequentialist notion of ethics and argues that the principles of harm and equity ought be part of nuclear decision-making. Another aspect that the paper uncovers relates to the ‘reification’ of nuclear power. Using a neo-Marxist framework and concept of Lukács, the paper argues that it is no longer the state as a repository of power that decides the trajectory of nuclear development. Rather the nuclear technology has started to dictate the way states are looking at regional and international relations. This inverted relationship has been created due to neglect of any ethical toolkit. The paper thus proposes an ethical toolkit that focuses on the negative duties of not to harm and also the positive duties to create conditions that would avoid harm being done to people.

Nowe podejście do harmonizacji technicznej w Unii Europejskiej a swoboda przepływu towarów

2016 ◽  
pp. 70-86
Author(s):  
Iwona Miedzińska
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Consumer Protection ◽  
Rational Choice Theory ◽  
Choice Theory ◽  
Single Market ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Primary Method ◽  
Effective Response ◽  
New Approach ◽  
Free Movement Of Goods

This article is about the new approach directives and their impact on ensuring the free movement of goods in the single market. The author analysed the relevant legislation of the European Union adopted in the field of technical harmonisation: regulations and directives. The primary method of research used in this article is the legal and institutional analysis. Neofunctionalism and rational choice theory were also helpful to explain the processes of integration in this area. The analysis shows that the new approach directives affect the streamlining of procedures for the movement of goods in the single market. However, despite the simplification of procedures for the movement of goods, an adequate level of safety and consumer protection is ensured. The member states and the European Commission have effective response mechanisms when a product endangers life, health or safety of consumers.

Rational Choice Contractualism

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael Moehler
Keyword(s):  
Rational Choice ◽  
Rational Choice Theory ◽  
Choice Theory ◽  
Correct Choice ◽  
Original Position ◽  
Decision Situation ◽  
Moral Principles ◽  
Theories Of Justice ◽  
Principles Of Justice ◽  
Traditional Understanding

This chapter discusses contractualist theories of justice that, although they rely explicitly on moral assumptions in the traditional understanding of morality, employ rational choice theory for the justification of principles of justice. In particular, the chapter focuses on the dispute between Rawls and Harsanyi about the correct choice of principles of justice in the original position. The chapter shows that there is no winner in the Rawls–Harsanyi dispute and, ultimately, formal methods alone cannot justify moral principles. This finding is significant for the development of the rational decision situation that serves for the derivation of the weak principle of universalization for the domain of pure instrumental morality.

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