scholarly journals Distance learning during COVID-19 in Afghanistan: Challenges and opportunities

2021 ◽  
pp. 204275302110447
Author(s):  
Kawita Sarwari ◽  
Ahmad Fawad Kakar ◽  
Jawad Golzar ◽  
Mir Abdullah Miri
Keyword(s):  
Distance Learning ◽  
Significant Relationship ◽  
T Test ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Challenges And Opportunities ◽  
E Learning ◽  
Students Attitudes ◽  
The One ◽  
Context Specific ◽  
One Way Anova

This study examined students’ attitudes toward distance learning, and its relationship with the duration of using Telegram and schooling. It specifically explored students’ experiences of the challenges and opportunities that distance learning created during the COVID-19 pandemic. Accordingly, two null hypotheses were formulated: (1) there is no significant relationship between students’ attitudes toward distance learning and the duration of using Telegram; and (2) there is no significant relationship between students’ attitudes towards distance learning and the duration of schooling. Data were collected from a survey questionnaire and in-depth semi-structured interviews with students from the English Department of Herat University, Afghanistan. The quantitative data were analyzed using SPSS, an independent samples t-test, and ANOVA. The results of the t-test showed that the first hypothesis should be accepted, meaning there is no relationship between students’ attitudes toward e-learning and years of Telegram use. Further, the one-way ANOVA test showed that the second null hypothesis was affirmed. Moreover, the qualitative findings indicated that distance learning via Telegram is associated with context-specific challenges and several opportunities.

scholarly journals Exploring Open Distance Learning at a Jordanian University: A Case Study

2009 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Khalil M. Dirani ◽  
Seung Won Yoon
Keyword(s):  
Distance Learning ◽  
Administrative Support ◽  
Qualitative Approach ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Learning Program ◽  
Arab Region ◽  
Adverse Conditions ◽  
E Learning ◽  
Distance Learning Program

This case study explores an open distance learning program offered by the Information Technology and Computing (ITC) department at AOUJ, a major university in Jordan. It provides an overview of e-learning in the Arab region and explores factors that affect ODL quality in the Arab Open University in Jordan (AOUJ). The research utilized a qualitative approach, which included five lengthy semi-structured interviews with the program director, two instructors, and three students. Three important conclusions can be drawn from the study about e-learning in the Arab region: (1) the existence of adverse conditions, (2) the presence of strong instructional practices, and (3) the need to improve administrative support.

scholarly journals Evaluation of students’ attitude toward distance learning during the pandemic (Covid-19): a case study of ELTE university

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yassine Ismaili
Keyword(s):  
Distance Learning ◽  
Development Stage ◽  
Students With Special Needs ◽  
Potential Health ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Positive Attitudes ◽  
Mixed Feelings ◽  
E Learning ◽  
Learning Platforms ◽  
Students Attitudes

Purpose Covid-19 has prompted higher institutions around the globe to relocate traditional classes to online classes. Eötvös Loránd University (ELTE) was no exception. It had already drawn up limited strategies regarding distance education, but those Web-based platforms were provided only to students with special needs. Due to the pandemic, all ELTE students were compelled to use online platforms that the university provided, such as Microsoft Teams and Zoom, to resume their studies. This study aims to evaluate the initial experience of students in using these new platforms. It also explores the effects distance learning has on students’ satisfaction and attitudes toward their education. Design/methodology/approach By using a quantitative approach, students’ attitudes toward e-learning and their access to tech-platforms, use of those platforms and satisfaction with online courses are processed and analyzed via a statistical package for the social sciences. Findings The results of this study show that distance learning is still in the development stage, and although traditional classrooms appeared to be indispensable, the positive attitudes and willingness of the majority of students to engage in distance learning classes in the post-COVID19 pandemic indicate that there is an immense potential future for e-learning platforms in higher education institutions. Originality/value The distance learning approach has been the only way for institutions worldwide to resume studies during the pandemic of Covid-19. Students faced mixed feelings of perplexity, loneliness, uncertainty over what is going to happen with classes, exams, graduation and other significant activities impacting their study path; irrespective of their daily struggles with the hard accessibility to means of e-learning and personal potential health problems. This evaluation is considered as a roadmap for institutions to follow-up and to improve the organizational and educational shortcomings they met.

scholarly journals Inovasi Pembelajaran Elektronik dan Tantangan Guru Abad 21

2018 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 10
Author(s):  
Ferdinandus Bele Sole ◽  
Desak Made Anggraeni
Keyword(s):  
Distance Learning ◽  
21St Century ◽  
Prospective Teachers ◽  
School Teacher ◽  
Educational Innovations ◽  
Electronic Learning ◽  
Technological Advances ◽  
Challenges And Opportunities ◽  
E Learning ◽  
Prospective Educators

[Title: Electronic Learning Innovations and 21st Century Teacher Challenges]. The development of information technology that is very rapid in this century has a very significant impact on the world of education, where, the process of transition from the age of industrialization to the age of knowledge requires every field in life to change very quickly and must be able to adapt quickly. Entering the 21st-century technological advances have entered into various aspects of life, including education. Teachers and students, lecturers and students, educators and students are required to have the ability to teach in this 21st century. A number of challenges and opportunities must be faced by students and teachers in order to survive in the age of knowledge that is coloured by the emergence of various educational innovations. One innovation that is developing quite rapidly is electronic learning (electronic learning) or e-learning. E-learning is distance learning (distance learning) that utilizes computer technology, computer networks and/or the internet. This electronic learning innovation allows learners to learn through computers in their respective places without having to physically go to attend classes/lectures in class. Therefore, educators and prospective educators in the 21st century need to be prepared to be able to adapt to the development of science and technology. Teacher Training Institute (LPTK) as an institution producing prospective educators/teachers needs to equip teachers and prospective teachers to skillfully use technology, especially ICT, because of the challenges of future teachers related to ICT. In an effort to prepare prospective teachers entering the 21st century, STKIP Weetebula as one of the LPTKs in Indonesia seeks to equip its students by including e-learning courses in the curriculum of elementary school teacher education study programs (PGSD).

scholarly journals Correlation of frankfort horizontal with the sellanasion line angular data in different sagittal skeletal bases

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 (12) ◽  
pp. 1088-1093
Author(s):  
Mathew Thomas Maliael ◽  
Keyword(s):  
T Test ◽  
Class I ◽  
Gender Dimorphism ◽  
Skeletal Class ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Beta Angle ◽  
Angular Data ◽  
The Difference ◽  
The One ◽  
One Way Anova

It is of interest to establish the cephalometric correlation of angular data between frankfort horizontal and the sella-nasion line in different sagittal skeletal bases. Beta angle was used to divide the sample based on their sagittal skeletal base relationship. The FH-SN angle was measured for each group. The data were tabulated into IBM SPSS software. Kolmogorov-Smirnov and Shapiro-Wilk test was done to test the normal distribution of the data. One-way ANOVA analysis was done to test the difference of the FH-SN angle among the groups. Independent samples t-Test was done to test for gender dimorphism. The mean FH-SN angle of the sample was 6.33°3.35°. The results of the One-Way ANOVA and independent samples t-Test were insignificant. Results show that is no statistically significant difference in FHSN angle between skeletal class I, II and III.The mean FH-SN angle of the sample was 6.33°3.35°. The distribution of the data was normal. The results of the One-Way ANOVA and Independent samples t-Test were insignificant. There was no statistically significant difference in FH-SN angle between skeletal class I, II and III.

scholarly journals Challenges Experienced by Students Studying through Open and Distance Learning at a Higher Education Institution in Namibia: Implications for Strategic Planning

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 116 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amalia Iilonga ◽  
Amalia Iilonga ◽  
Daniel Opotamutale Ashipala ◽  
Nestor Tomas
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
Distance Learning ◽  
Education Institution ◽  
Research Strategy ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Higher Education Institution ◽  
Satellite Campus ◽  
E Learning ◽  
Open And Distance Learning ◽  
Qualitative Phenomenological

Online learning remains one of the most powerful enablers and accelerators for realising higher education studies by enhancing teaching by means of innovative technologies and pedagogies. However, the success rate of students studying through Open and Distance Learning (ODL) remains very low. Therefore, institutions of higher learning in Namibia should continuously establish and assess the challenges affecting the students who opt to study via distance mode to devise strategies required to address such challenges. The objective of this study was to understand the challenges experienced by students studying through ODL at Higher Education Institution (HEI) in Namibia and establish the challenges they face. A qualitative, phenomenological, explorative, descriptive and contextual research strategy was employed in this study to explore and describe challenges experienced by students’ studying through ODL at HEI’ satellite campus in Namibia. A purposive sampling was utilised in the selection of participants. Data were collected from participants using semi-structured interviews with nine participants. Three themes were identified, namely, the reasons why students chose to study through ODL programme, challenges experienced by students studying through ODL and mechanisms for improvement. The findings of this study call for well-articulated plans and actions to address the challenges faced by students studying in the distance e-learning mode. The study recommended that both Lecturers and ODL programme Administrators should undergo refresher training on distance education annually to ensure that they are aware and can address the challenges faced by their students.

scholarly journals Is certification an effective tool to improve smallholdings’ performance?

2020 ◽  
Vol 211 ◽  
pp. 05004
Author(s):  
Diana Chalil ◽  
Riantri Barus
Keyword(s):  
Oil Palm ◽  
Waste Treatment ◽  
T Test ◽  
Economic Aspects ◽  
Environmental Aspects ◽  
Anova Test ◽  
The One ◽  
North Sumatra ◽  
Pesticide Usage ◽  
One Way Anova

Oil palm smallholders have rapidly grown but their performance is relatively low compared to other producer groups. One of the programs that are expected to address this is certification. However, only a small percentage of smallholders received the certification in practice. This study was conducted to analyze the effectiveness of certification to improve smallholder oil palm plantations’ performance. The study was conducted in North Sumatra, South Sumatra, and Riau. Data were collected from 707 sample smallholders. Performance is measured from economic aspects, namely productivity, selling prices, fertilizer usage and harvest criteria, and environmental aspects, namely waste treatment and paraquat pesticide usage. The data were then analyzed using the One-Way ANOVA test and the One-Sample t-test. The results show significant differences in productivity and selling prices between the plasma and other smallholder groups, but not between the certified and non-certified ones. The results also show significant differences in the waste treatment between the certified and non-certified groups, but not in paraquat pesticides. Therefore, it can be concluded that certification cannot improve smallholder oil palm plantations’ performance if not followed by intensive and sustainable partnership assistance.

scholarly journals Funding Challenges of Small and Medium Enterprises in Transition Countries: Kosovo Case Study

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. p71
Author(s):  
Fahredin Berisha
Keyword(s):  
Bank Lending ◽  
Transition Countries ◽  
T Test ◽  
Bank Loans ◽  
Bank Loan ◽  
Level Of Education ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
External Sources ◽  
The One ◽  
One Way Anova

SMEs play a very important role in the development of economies of different countries and they are now considered as a key factor of economic development. They affect unemployment, promote social welfare and can be treated as a promoter of economic growth. The paper addresses the role and importance of financing SMEs in transition countries including Kosovo. The study examines the key factors affecting the increase of SME financing from external sources, namely bank lending since other external sources of financing in Kosovo are scarce and almost non-existent. For the purposes of this paper, data from 215 SMEs surveyed in Kosovo were used, randomly distributed across manufacturing, services and commerce sectors. Data collection was done in the period January-April 2016, and their processing was carried out with SPSS (Social Package for Social Science). In order to have more consistent information during data processing, certain models were used in the paper: Paried-Samples T Test, which was used to investigate the difference between two sets of averages, which indicates that the business plan for the enterprise is relevant to bank loan access. The One Way Anova model was used to test the differences between two or more averages, and through this model is proved that high-profit enterprises have achieved easier access to bank loans. Also following the One Way Anova and Post Hoc LSD test, there were found differences between groups of enterprise by their types, activity and age. The research shows that enterprises with older ages have been able to obtain more easily bank loans. The One Way Anova and Welch-Brown-Forthyse test was used to deal with the level of education of business owners, whereby it was found that owners with a high level of education had easier access to bank loans. Through the Indepedent Samples T Test technique it was found that there is a significant difference between the age groups of the owners based on the mean and standard deviation.

scholarly journals Thermal characteristics of rheumatoid feet in remission: Baseline data

PLoS ONE ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (12) ◽  
pp. e0243078
Author(s):  
Alfred Gatt ◽  
Cecilia Mercieca ◽  
Andrew Borg ◽  
Andrea Grech ◽  
Liberato Camilleri ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Healthy Subjects ◽  
Active Rheumatoid Arthritis ◽  
Thermal Characteristics ◽  
T Test ◽  
Healthy Controls ◽  
Future Studies ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Convenience Sampling ◽  
The One ◽  
One Way Anova

Objectives Studies have shown conflicting characteristic thermographic patterns of the feet in patients with active rheumatoid arthritis (RA). However, to date no studies have compared thermographic patterns of patients with RA in remission and healthy controls. Thus this study aimed to investigate whether the thermal characteristics of the feet of RA patients, in clinical and radiological remission differ to those of healthy controls. Methods Using convenience sampling, RA patients were recruited upon confirmed absence of synovitis by clinical examination and musculoskeletal ultrasound. Thermal images of the feet were taken. Each foot was subdivided into medial, central, lateral, forefoot and heel regions. Subsequently, temperatures in the different regions were analyzed and compared to a cohort of healthy adults. Results Data from 32 RA patients were compared to that of 51 healthy controls. The Independent samples T-Test demonstrated a significant difference in temperatures in all the regions of the forefoot between RA participants versus healthy subjects (Table 1). Using the One-Way ANOVA test, no significant difference was found between all the forefoot regions (p = 0.189) of RA patients. Independent sample T-test found significant differences in all heel regions between the two groups (Table 2). One-Way ANOVA demonstrated no significant differences (p = 0.983) between the different foot regions (n = 192) of RA patients. Conclusion These findings suggest that RA patients in clinical and radiological remission exhibit significantly different feet thermographic patterns compared to healthy controls. This data will provide the basis for future studies to assess whether thermographic patterns change with disease activity.

scholarly journals Project-Based Research Learning (PBRL) Integrated With E-Learning in Projects Completion

2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (07) ◽  
pp. 16
Author(s):  
Sumarmi Sumarmi ◽  
Syamsul Bachri ◽  
Listyo Yudha Irawan ◽  
Muhammad Aliman ◽  
Wan Ibrahim Wan Ahmad
Keyword(s):  
Data Analysis ◽  
Distance Learning ◽  
Learning Outcomes ◽  
Disaster Management ◽  
Significant Influence ◽  
Learning Model ◽  
T Test ◽  
Spatial Thinking ◽  
Thinking Ability ◽  
E Learning

Project-Based Research Learning (PBRL) is one of the learn-ing models that stimulate students to be active and innovative in developing products. The purposes of this study were to determine 1) the influence of the PBRL integrated with e-learning on students' spatial thinking ability, 2) the influence of the PBRL integrated with e-learning on the students' ability to make disaster management projects, and 3) the influence of the PBRL in-tegrated with e-learning on learning outcomes. The data analysis was used independent samples t-test from six essay questions and grading rubrics measurement. The results showed 1) a significant influence of the PBRL in-tegrated with e-learning on students spatial thinking ability, 2) an influence of the PBRL integrated with e-learning on the students' ability to make dis-aster management projects, and 3) a significant influence of the PBRL inte-grated with e-learning on learning outcomes. The learning model is also ef-fective as an alternative for distance learning.

scholarly journals An Investigation of the Handball Attitudes of Secondary School Students in Terms of Some Variables

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zekai Çakir ◽  
Mehmet Ali Ceyhan
Keyword(s):  
Secondary School ◽  
Secondary School Students ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Attitude Scale ◽  
T Test ◽  
School Students ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Difference ◽  
The One ◽  
One Way Anova

The aim of this study is to examine the behaviours of secondary school students towards the branch of handball according to some variables. The group of study occurs of a total of 727 students, 424 male and 303 female, who were voluntarily participated in the research and educated in the 5th, 6th, 7th and 8th grades of secondary schools in Gaziosmanpaşa district of Istanbul province in the 2020-2021 academic year. “Handball Attitude Scale for Secondary School Students” developed by Görgüt and Güllü (2017) was used as a datum collection appliance in the study. Statistical analysis of the data has been done with SPSS 26 program, t-test and One Way Anova tests. According to the classes that the students have studied and the sports branches they are interested in; If it is one-way, the One Way Anova test has been used to define the resource of the difference in cases where the relationship between the variables has been significant, and in cases where the variances have been homogeneous, the LSD test, one of the PostHoc tests, has been used. In the research findings, in the LSD tests, it has been revealed that there has been no positive or negative significant difference in the handball branch according to the classes that the students studied, and it has used a positive impact on the handball branch according to the sports branches of interest. (p<0.05). With reference to the conclusions of the t-test performed by looking at the gender of the students, It was concluded that there had been a significant difference between their attitudes towards the branch of handball (p<0.05). However, there has been no significant difference in the attitudes of the students against the branch of handball according to the sports status of the students and the sports status of their parents. It has emerged that the interest of secondary school students and their families in sports does not affect the handball branch positively or negatively.

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