Design and Evaluation of Scholarship and Research Orientation Sessions in Academic Pharmacy Practice Experiences

Objective: Evaluate the efficacy of educating academic Advance Pharmacy Practice Experiential (APPE) students on scholarship and research (S&R). We hypothesized that academic APPE students gain more knowledge in scholarship and research in comparison to non-academic APPE students. Methods: As a component of academic APPE rotation, all academic APPE students assigned by the office of experiential education per year (the intervention group) (n = 11) attended S&R sessions during the first week of their academic APPE rotation. Student volunteers from the same graduating class were recruited as the control group (n = 12). However, 1 student from the intervention group and 2 students from the control group were excluded from the analysis, leaving 10 students from each group. These sessions were taken in small groups of 1 to 3 once in their assigned rotation. S&R sessions included many topics that were based on a S&R manual. Upon completion of the sessions, a hard copy of a 10-question knowledge-based quiz was given to both groups at the same time. APPE students’ knowledge about S&R were assessed via grading the quiz. The anonymity of the quiz was maintained by requesting students only to mention whether they are from intervention group or controlled group. Results: While control group averaged 49% ± 4.58 on the quiz, the intervention group averaged 71.5% ± 5.77. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS software. Based on independent sample t-test, students who took the S&R session show significant increase in their quiz score. Conclusion: Compared to the control group, S&R sessions helped academic APPE students to gain knowledge on S&R. The students also perceived that S&R sessions increased their interest in S&R.

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The Effect of Foot Reflexology on Amnesia in Patients Undergoing Electroconvulsive Therapy: A Randomized Clinical Trial

Journal of Caring Sciences ◽

10.34172/jcs.2021.004 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 10 (1) ◽

pp. 15-21

Author(s):

Hossein Namdar Areshtanab ◽

Saeed Alinejad Machiani ◽

Hossein Ebrahimi ◽

Parvin Sarbakhsh ◽

Sakineh Goljarian ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Olive Oil ◽

Repeated Measures ◽

Controlled Trial ◽

Intervention Group ◽

Invasive Technique ◽

Control Group ◽

Non Invasive ◽

Chi Squared ◽

Spss Software ◽

And Control

Abstract Introduction:Electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) is the oldest procedure among the early biological treatments introduced in psychiatry. However, the most debated and treatment-limiting adverse effect of ECT is amnesia. Therefore, due to the restriction of the use of drugs to manage amnesia in patients undergoing ECT, the present study investigated the effect of reflexology on amnesia. Methods:In this randomized controlled trial, 68 patients who met the inclusion criteria were randomly allocated to intervention and control groups. The intervention group received foot reflexology with olive oil 20 minutes a day for 3 days, while the control group was given a gentle foot rub with olive oil 20 minutes a day for 3 days. The amnesia rate of all patients was measured by the Galveston Orientation and Amnesia Test (GOAT) 30 minutes after the end of ECT. The data were analyzed using SPSS software version 11.5 and t-test, chi-squared test, and repeated measures ANOVA. Results:The results showed that reflexology significantly increased recalling scores in the intervention group compared to the control group. Foot reflexology seems to be effective in managing amnesia in patients after ECT. Conclusion:Foot reflexology, as a relatively simple, inexpensive, and non-invasive technique with few side effects, can be used to manage amnesia in patients after ECT.

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Efektivitas langkah-langkah peregangan (stretching) untuk menurunkan nyeri dismenore di wilayah Sleman Yogyakarta

Jurnal Kebidanan ◽

10.26714/jk.9.1.2020.1-6 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 9 (1) ◽

pp. 1

Author(s):

Sherkia Ichtiarsi Prakasiwi

Keyword(s):

Intervention Group ◽

Sampling Technique ◽

Reproductive Age ◽

Bivariate Analysis ◽

Control Group ◽

P Value ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Test Study ◽

Spss Software ◽

The Brain

Dysmenorrhea is an imbalance of the hormone progesterone in the blood, causing pain to arise. Women have experienced 90% of dysmenorrhea, this disturbs 50% of women of reproductive age and 60-85% in adolescence, which results in many absences in schools and offices. Non-pharmacological solutions are seen as safer, one of which is stretching which aims to make muscles and joints flexible and elastic. This is due to increased levels of endorphins, epinephrine, dopamine and serotonin produced by the brain due to exercise. This study aims to determine stretching steps to reduce dysmenorrhea pain in the Sleman region. The method of this research is a different test study with a cross sectional type of research. The research sample was 60 female students. The sampling technique was purposive sampling, bivariate analysis techniques using the Mann Whitney statistical test using SPSS software. The results of the Mann Whitney test in the control group and the intervention group showed a p-value of 0,000 (ɑ <0.05) indicating that there were differences between the control and intervention groups in decreasing the level of pain in dysmenorrhea where the mean pain level of dysmenorrhea was 4 50 while in the intervention group the average is only 0.13 so that it gets ∆ mean of -4.37. This proves that stretching is more influential in decreasing the level of pain in dysmenorrhea than in stretching.

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Investigating the effect of Sesame Ointment on Wound healing of Episiotomy

International Journal of Ayurvedic Medicine ◽

10.47552/ijam.v9i3.1072 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 9 (3) ◽

pp. 182-184

Author(s):

Najmeh Amani Babadi ◽

Masoomeh Kheirkhah ◽

Faraz Mojab ◽

Hamid Haghani

Keyword(s):

Wound Healing ◽

Intervention Group ◽

Control Group ◽

P Value ◽

Significant Difference ◽

The Mean ◽

Randomized Control ◽

Spss Software ◽

And Control

Episiotomy is one of the most common midwifery interventions method for preventing injuries to the pelvic floor during the delivery process. Traditional medicine has a special place in improving the quality of postpartum care. Sesame is one of the herbs with anti-inflammatory, anti-bacterial and antioxidant activity. This study was evaluate the effect of sesame ointment on episiotomy healing. Methods: This randomized control clinical trial was performed on 104 eligible women. The samples were block randomly assigned to one of the groups Intervention and control. Samples were used sesame and placebo ointment for epizootics from 4 hours after delivery for ten days every 8 hours. Clinical evaluation of episiotomy ulcer was performed 4 hours, 7 and 10 days after delivery with using REEDA tool. SPSS software version 16 was used for data analysis. P value less than 0.05 was considered significant. Results: The average of wound healing rate was 7 days after episiotomy in the intervention group 0.09 ± 0.29 and in the control group was 0.73 ± 0.44. Independent t-test showed that the two groups had a significant difference (p <0.001).Healing of the wound 10 days after episiotomy showed that the mean scores in the control group (0.4 ± 0.49) and in the intervention group (0.02 ± 0.13), healing in the intervention group significantly decreased from the control group (p <0.001). Conclusion: Sesame ointment can be used as a pain relief and accelerator for episiotomy healing.

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Effectiveness of the Mindfulness-Based Cognitive Therapy on Depression, Stress, and Anxiety Among COVID-19 Patients

Jundishapur Journal of Health Sciences ◽

10.5812/jjhs.117000 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 13 (3) ◽

Author(s):

Marzieh Khazami ◽

Zahra Dasht Bozorgi

Keyword(s):

Cognitive Therapy ◽

Psychological Health ◽

Univariate Analysis ◽

Intervention Group ◽

Health Centers ◽

Analysis Of Covariance ◽

Control Group ◽

High Prevalence ◽

Health Related ◽

Spss Software

Background: Depression, stress, and anxiety have a high prevalence among coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) patients, and they can diminish psychological health and lead to malfunctions in various aspects of patients. Mindfulness-based cognitive therapy (MBCT) is considered as one of the effective treatments to improve health-related psychological qualities. Objectives: The current research aimed to determine the effectiveness of the MBCT on depression, stress, and anxiety among people with COVID-19. Methods: The research deployed an experimental design with pre-and post-tests and a control group. The population included all recovered patients with COVID-19 referring to health centers in Ahvaz, Iran, in 2020. Using available random sampling method, 30 patients who met the inclusion criteria were recruited and equally randomized into either experimental or control groups. While eight 90-minute MBCT sessions were administered for the experimental group, the control group received no interventions. The Depression, Anxiety, and Stress scale (DASS-21) was used to collect the data. The data were analyzed by SPSS software version 23 using multivariate and univariate analysis of variance. Results: The results showed that there were no significant differences between the two groups in terms of gender, age, and education (P > .05). The results of multivariate analysis of covariance (MANCOVA) and analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) indicated that all the three subscales of depression (d = 0/75), stress (d = 0/86), and anxiety (d = 0/82) were significantly reduced in the intervention group (P < 0.05). Conclusions: The MBCT is an effective therapeutic way to reduce depressive, stress, and anxious signs of patients with COVID-19. Thus, it is recommended that therapists and experts use this method to promote patients’ mental health.

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The Impact of Psycho-Education on in Vitro Fertilisation Treatment Efficiency

PRILOZI ◽

10.1515/prilozi-2015-0069 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 36 (2) ◽

pp. 211-216 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Jana Belevska

Keyword(s):

Intervention Group ◽

Emotional Reactions ◽

In Vitro Fertilisation ◽

Control Group ◽

Vitro Fertilization ◽

Severity Of Depression ◽

Spss Software ◽

The Impact ◽

Fertilisation Treatment

Abstract Aim: The aim of the study was to examine the efficiency of psycho-education of candidates for the IVF in stress, anxiety and depression decreasing, and the impact of the psycho educative techniques on the successfulness of the treatment. Method: A random sample of 64 candidates for IVF treatment is divided in two groups: control group without psycho-education (32 candidates) and intervention group of 32 candidates included in psycho-education. Depression, anxiety and stress scale (DASS) was used as a psychometric test. It’s a multiple choice, self-reported inventory for measuring the levels of stress, anxiety and severity of depression. For statistic evaluation SPSS software was used. Results: The study shows that the intervention group included in psycho-education has a signifycantly lower scores on stress (t = 3.201, p < 0.05) and anxiety (t = 2.311, p < 0.05). The scale of depression did not show differences in the two compared groups. However, the success of the IVF treatment is more common among candidates that were included in psycho-education. Conclusion: In our country, psycho-education of candidates for in vitro fertilization is not systematically integrated in the treatment. The study showed the efficiency of psycho-education in anxiety and stress decreasing, as well as significant impact in the successfulness of the treatment. It was pointed out that psychological support of candidates for IVF is important for the lessening of the negative emotional reactions of candidates as well as for the successfulness of the treatment.

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Acupressure to Reduce Dysmenorrhea in Adolescent

Jurnal Kebidanan dan Kesehatan Tradisional ◽

10.37341/jkkt.v0i0.222 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 1-6

Author(s):

Dewi Siyamti ◽

Eka Adimayanti ◽

Hapsari Windayanti

Keyword(s):

Intervention Group ◽

Early Period ◽

Pain Severity ◽

Control Group ◽

P Value ◽

Analog Scale ◽

Treatment Techniques ◽

Before And After ◽

Spss Software ◽

And Control

Background: Dysmenorrhea is uncomfort symptom which suffered by adolescents during menstruation period. Adolescents experienced with dysmenorrhea and this commonly primary. Dysmenorrhea affects almost half of all woman, and it is need the safe and effective pain management. One of non-medical treatment techniques is acupressure. The purpose of this study to analize the effect of acupressure to reduce dysmenorrhea in adolescents. Methods: The design was quantitative experiment with intervention group and control group for each 26 respondents. The acupoints are SP6, Li4, and PC6. Intervention group got acupressure for 2 days in early period with 30times massage for each accupoint twice a day. The pain was measured using visual analog scale (VAS) before and after intervention. Data analize using SPSS software. Results: The result showed diffreneces in pain severity after acupressure to intervention group with mean 2,43 and p value 0.027(p<0,005). Conclution: Acupressure at the SP6, Li4 and PC6 can reduce pain severity of dysmenorrhea in adolescents.

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Using Montelukast as an Add-on Treatment in Nephrotic Syndrome Pediatrics: A Randomized Clinical Trial Study

Nephro-Urology Monthly ◽

10.5812/numonthly.116375 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol In Press (In Press) ◽

Author(s):

Fatemeh Javidi ◽

Parsa Yousefichaijan ◽

Fatemeh Dorreh ◽

Ali Arjmand ◽

Masoud Rezagholizamenjany

Keyword(s):

Clinical Trial ◽

Nephrotic Syndrome ◽

Intervention Group ◽

Control Group ◽

Final Report ◽

Before And After ◽

Spss Software ◽

The Difference ◽

And Control

Background: Montelukast, as a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug, could reduce inflammation in nephrotic syndrome (NS). This study aimed to evaluate the therapeutic effect of montelukast as adjunctive therapy in pediatric NS. Methods: This clinical trial study was conducted on patients with NS. The patients were assigned into two equal groups (N = 25 in each) of intervention (steroid + montelukast) and control and treated for one month. One month later, in the follow-up stage, their proteinuria was measured. The results before and after treatment were statistically analyzed by SPSS software version 21, and the final report of the project was presented. Results: The age of participants in the intervention and control groups was 7.26 ± 4.23 and 6.79 ± 3.91 years, respectively (P = 0.68), and there were 10 female participants in both groups (P = 1.0). Albumin levels in 96% of the control group and 76% of the intervention group were 1.5 - 2.5 μg/dL (P = 0.037). Also, 48% of participants in the control group were corticosteroid dependent, and 60% of participants in the intervention group responded to corticosteroids (P = 0.194). The severity of nephrotic syndrome was moderate in 60% of participants in the control group and mild in 60% of participants in the intervention group (P = 0.138). Conclusions: The results of this study showed that recovery rate was higher in the intervention group, but the difference was not statistically significant.

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Ergonomic Education and Training for Surgical Assistant Trainees

Proceedings of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society Annual Meeting ◽

10.1177/1071181319631421 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 63 (1) ◽

pp. 688-692

Author(s):

Anna R. Linden ◽

M. Susan Hallbeck ◽

Melissa Morrow ◽

MPH Becca Gas ◽

Helga Olson ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Intervention Group ◽

Education And Training ◽

Control Group ◽

Surgical Team ◽

Body Postures ◽

Knowledge Based ◽

Individual Feedback ◽

Measurement Units ◽

And Training ◽

Anatomy Lab

There is a growing awareness of the physical demands of performing surgery and the need for ergonomic education and training, extending beyond the primary surgeon to other members of the surgical team who are also at risk for musculoskeletal injury. In this study, nine Surgical First Assistants received knowledge-based ergonomic education before their body postures were evaluated using inertial measurement units in an anatomy training lab setting and again in the operating room (OR). Five of those trainees comprised the intervention group, receiving a personalized report detailing their level of ergonomic risk, while the other four did not receive this individual feedback. The intervention group significantly improved their neck and left arm posture during the anatomy lab training with carryover into the OR, indicating some retention of ergonomic concepts, while the control group did not. The integration of wearable technology and individualized feedback into traditional educational settings helped trainees learn about their own behaviors and practice strategies for reducing risks in the OR with greater retention compared to knowledge-based education alone.

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Effect of self-hypnosis on the experience of delivery fear and duration of labor in primiparity: A randomized clinical trial

Journal of Birjand University of Medical Sciences ◽

10.32592/jbirjandunivmedsci.2021.28.1.101 ◽

2020 ◽

Keyword(s):

Clinical Trial ◽

Intervention Group ◽

Routine Care ◽

Control Group ◽

P Value ◽

Third Stage Of Labor ◽

Third Stage ◽

Spss Software ◽

Negative Side Effects ◽

And Control

Background and Aims: Fear of delivery in females can lead to negative side effects, such as the experience of long and hard labor. Reduction of delivery fear is one of the goals of natural delivery program, and hypnosis has been considered a way to reduce this fear. With regard to the contradictory results of the studies in this field, this study aimed to determine the effect of self-hypnosis on the experience of delivery fear and duration of labor in primiparity. Materials and Methods: This clinical trial was conducted on 63 pregnant women who were divided into self-hypnosis (n=30) and control groups (n=33) using a blocking method in Mashhad, Iran, during 2019. The intervention group received two sessions of hypnosis at 37th and 38th weeks of pregnancy which consisted of listening to an audio file until delivery time. On the other hand, the control group received only the routine care. Fear was evaluated at 37th week of pregnancy and 24 h after delivery. Data were analyzed using SPSS software (version 16), and a p-value less than 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results: The mean scores of delivery fear experience (P<0.001), as well as the duration of the second stage (P=0.013) and third stage of labor (P=0.009) were significantly lower in the self-hypnosis group, compared to the controls. Conclusion: Self-hypnosis was effective in reducing the experience of delivery fear and duration of the second and third stages of labor in primiparity. Therefore, self-hypnosis is recommended to reduce the experience of delivery fear and duration of the second and third stages of labor in primiparity.

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1073. Analysis of the Antimicrobial Stewardship Program Recommendation Process in the Intensive Care Units at a Large Tertiary Community Hospital

Open Forum Infectious Diseases ◽

10.1093/ofid/ofz360.937 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 6 (Supplement_2) ◽

pp. S380-S380

Author(s):

Youchan Song ◽

Jessica Holt ◽

Krista Gens

Keyword(s):

Intensive Care ◽

Infectious Diseases ◽

Intensive Care Units ◽

Antimicrobial Stewardship ◽

Intervention Group ◽

Pharmacy Practice ◽

Audit And Feedback ◽

Control Group ◽

Stewardship Program ◽

Acceptance Rates

Abstract Background Studies suggest up to 60% of antibiotics prescribed in the intensive care units (ICUs) may not be optimized. The antimicrobial stewardship team (AST) at Abbott Northwestern consists of infectious diseases trained pharmacists, pharmacy residents, and/or advanced pharmacy practice experience (APPE) pharmacy students and provides prospective audits and feedback on all inpatients not being seen by infectious diseases specialists and currently receiving any anti-infectives. Comprehensive daily profile reviews are performed and recommendations are communicated via a physician sticky note in the electronic medical record (EMR) and/or via a direct page. Beginning January 2018, the AST started reviewing patients in the two ICU units earlier to ensure recommendations were completed prior to multidisciplinary rounds. The AST also initiated sending a message within the EMR alerting the decentral pharmacists prior to rounds. Methods A retrospective chart review was conducted on recommendations made by the AST between February and April 2017 (control group) and February and April 2018 (intervention group) for patients on two ICU units (ICU 1 and ICU 2). Time to acceptance and acceptance rates were calculated for the control and intervention period. A one-tailed t-test was performed for the time to acceptance analysis and a Chi-squared test was performed to compare acceptance rates. Results were deemed statistically significant when P < 0.05. Results Time to acceptance for the recommendations showed a significant decrease from 25.9 to 13.7 hours with the new process in ICU 1 (P = 0.038). Provider acceptance rate increased significantly from 77.8% to 88.4% in ICU 2 (P = 0.037). Conclusion Changing the workflow of the prospective audit and feedback process by the AST had a meaningful impact by decreasing the response time (time to acceptance) and increasing acceptance rates of the recommendations in the ICUs. The revised process improved communication between the AST, decentral pharmacist, and attending provider, which in turn may have contributed to the positive outcomes. Disclosures All authors: No reported disclosures.

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