scholarly journals Neuronal Plasma Membrane Integrity is Transiently Disturbed by Traumatic Loading

2020 ◽  
Vol 15 ◽  
pp. 263310552094609
Author(s):  
Gustavo R Prado ◽  
Michelle C LaPlaca
Keyword(s):  
Plasma Membrane ◽  
Neuronal Response ◽  
Membrane Integrity ◽  
High Rate ◽  
Membrane Disruption ◽  
Neuronal Membrane ◽  
Neuronal Cultures ◽  
Plasma Membrane Integrity ◽  
Intracellular Ca ◽  
Membrane Resealing

The acute response of neurons subjected to traumatic loading involves plasma membrane disruption, yet the mechanical tolerance for membrane compromise, time course, and mechanisms for resealing are not well understood. We have used an in vitro traumatic neuronal injury model to investigate plasma membrane integrity immediately following a high-rate shear injury. Cell-impermeant fluorescent molecules were added to cortical neuronal cultures prior to insult to assess membrane integrity. The percentage of cells containing the permeability marker was dependent on the molecular size of the marker, as smaller molecules gained access to a higher percentage of cells than larger ones. Permeability increases were positively correlated with insult loading rate. Membrane disruption was transient, evidenced by a membrane resealing within the first minute after the insult. In addition, chelation of either extracellular Ca2+ or intracellular Ca2+ limited membrane resealing. However, injury following chelation of both extracellular and intracellular Ca2+ caused diminished permeability as well as a greater resealing ability compared to chelation of extracellular or intracellular Ca2+ alone. Treatment of neuronal cultures with jasplakinolide, which stabilizes filamentous actin, reduced permeability increases, while latrunculin-B, an actin depolymerizing agent, both reduced the increase in plasma membrane permeability and promoted resealing. This study gives insight into the dynamics of neuronal membrane disruption and subsequent resealing, which was found to be calcium dependent and involve actin in a role that differs from non-neuronal cells. Taken together, these data will lead to a better understanding of the acute neuronal response to traumatic loading.

Phosphate efflux as a test of plasma membrane leakage in Saccharomyces cerevisiae cells

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-5
Author(s):  
Ludmila Trilisenko ◽  
Airat Valiakhmetov ◽  
Tatiana Kulakovskaya
Keyword(s):  
Saccharomyces Cerevisiae ◽  
Plasma Membrane ◽  
Propidium Iodide ◽  
Membrane Integrity ◽  
Yeast Cells ◽  
Membrane Disruption ◽  
Uptake System ◽  
Plasma Membrane Integrity ◽  
Medium Time ◽  
The Difference

Plasma membrane integrity is a key to cell viability. Currently, the main approach to assessing plasma membrane integrity is the detection of penetration of special dyes, such as trypan blue and propidium iodide, into the cells. However, this method needs expensive equipment: a fluorescent microscope or a flow cytometer. Besides, staining with propidium iodide occasionally gives false-positive results. Here, we suggest the phosphate (Pi) leakage assay as an approach to assess the increase in permeability of the plasma membrane of yeast cells. We studied the dependence of phosphate efflux and uptake into Saccharomyces cerevisiae cells on the composition of the incubation medium, time, and ambient pH. The difference in optimal conditions for these processes suggests that Pi efflux is not conducted by the Pi uptake system. The Pi efflux in water correlated with the proportion of cells stained with propidium iodide. This indicated that Pi efflux is associated with cytoplasmic membrane disruption in a portion of the yeast cell population. The assay of Pi efflux was used to evaluate membrane disruption in S. cerevisiae cells treated with some heavy metal ions and detergents.

Comparision of DNA fragmentantion and plasma membrane integrity between chilled and frozen semen of bulls

2014 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mello Papa Patricia de ◽  
Carlos Ramires Neto ◽  
Priscilla Nascimento Guasti ◽  
Rosiara Rosaria Dias Maziero ◽  
Yame F R Sancler-Silva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plasma Membrane ◽  
Membrane Integrity ◽  
Plasma Membrane Integrity ◽  
Frozen Semen

scholarly journals Plasma membrane integrity in health and disease: significance and therapeutic potential

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Catarina Dias ◽  
Jesper Nylandsted
Keyword(s):  
Plasma Membrane ◽  
Therapeutic Potential ◽  
Calcium Influx ◽  
Membrane Integrity ◽  
Cell Types ◽  
Physical Parameters ◽  
Membrane Repair ◽  
Plasma Membrane Integrity ◽  
Repair Mechanisms ◽  
And Function

AbstractMaintenance of plasma membrane integrity is essential for normal cell viability and function. Thus, robust membrane repair mechanisms have evolved to counteract the eminent threat of a torn plasma membrane. Different repair mechanisms and the bio-physical parameters required for efficient repair are now emerging from different research groups. However, less is known about when these mechanisms come into play. This review focuses on the existence of membrane disruptions and repair mechanisms in both physiological and pathological conditions, and across multiple cell types, albeit to different degrees. Fundamentally, irrespective of the source of membrane disruption, aberrant calcium influx is the common stimulus that activates the membrane repair response. Inadequate repair responses can tip the balance between physiology and pathology, highlighting the significance of plasma membrane integrity. For example, an over-activated repair response can promote cancer invasion, while the inability to efficiently repair membrane can drive neurodegeneration and muscular dystrophies. The interdisciplinary view explored here emphasises the widespread potential of targeting plasma membrane repair mechanisms for therapeutic purposes.

scholarly journals Plasma membrane integrity: implications for health and disease

BMC Biology ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Dustin A. Ammendolia ◽  
William M. Bement ◽  
John H. Brumell
Keyword(s):  
Plasma Membrane ◽  
Membrane Damage ◽  
Membrane Integrity ◽  
Whole Body ◽  
Plasma Membrane Integrity ◽  
Plasma Membrane Damage ◽  
Cellular Environment ◽  
Health And Disease ◽  
Repair Pathways ◽  
The Impact

AbstractPlasma membrane integrity is essential for cellular homeostasis. In vivo, cells experience plasma membrane damage from a multitude of stressors in the extra- and intra-cellular environment. To avoid lethal consequences, cells are equipped with repair pathways to restore membrane integrity. Here, we assess plasma membrane damage and repair from a whole-body perspective. We highlight the role of tissue-specific stressors in health and disease and examine membrane repair pathways across diverse cell types. Furthermore, we outline the impact of genetic and environmental factors on plasma membrane integrity and how these contribute to disease pathogenesis in different tissues.

Assessment of the Functional Integrity of Hepatocytes: A Brief Review

1993 ◽  
Vol 21 (3) ◽  
pp. 324-329
Author(s):  
Jeffrey R. Fry ◽  
Alison H. Hammond
Keyword(s):  
Plasma Membrane ◽  
Trypan Blue ◽  
Membrane Integrity ◽  
Blue Dye ◽  
Plasma Membrane Integrity ◽  
Functional Integrity ◽  
Cellular Integrity

A variety of approaches to assessment of cellular integrity exist, based on tests of integrity of the plasma membrane, tests of metabolic competence, and asessment of morphology. By definition, such approaches address different aspects of cellular integrity and hence are not interchangeable indices of cellular integrity. Accordingly, it would be most appropriate to characterise hepatocyte preparations on the basis of more than just trypan blue dye exclusion (a test of plasma membrane integrity) as is customary. A scheme for the choice of the most appropriate mix of tests of cellular integrity is presented.

Toxic and osmotic effects of glycerol on human granulocytes

1984 ◽  
Vol 247 (5) ◽  
pp. C382-C389 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. J. Armitage ◽  
P. Mazur
Keyword(s):  
Plasma Membrane ◽  
Osmotic Stress ◽  
Cell Volume ◽  
Membrane Integrity ◽  
Fluorescein Diacetate ◽  
Major Fraction ◽  
Plasma Membrane Integrity ◽  
Human Granulocytes ◽  
Osmotic Effects

Human granulocytes are damaged by exposure to concentrations of glycerol as low as 0.5 M. We therefore investigated the addition of glycerol to granulocytes and its subsequent dilution under various conditions to try to distinguish between toxic and harmful osmotic effects of glycerol. The lesion caused by glycerol at 0 degree C was expressed as a loss of plasma membrane integrity (as visualized by fluorescein diacetate) only after incubation (greater than or equal to 1 h) at 37 degrees C. This damage was not ameliorated when osmotic stress was lessened by reducing the rates of addition and dilution of glycerol to keep the computed cell volume within 80-170% of isotonic cell volume. However, when osmotic stress was reduced further by increasing the temperature of addition and dilution of glycerol from 0 degree C to 22 degrees C, the tolerance of the cells to 1 M glycerol increased somewhat. Reducing exposure to glycerol to 3 min or less at 0 degree C greatly increased survival, but this time was too short to allow glycerol to equilibrate intracellularly. Finally, the presence of extra impermeant solute (NaCl or sucrose) in the medium to reduce the equilibrium cell volume to 60% of isotonic cell volume enabled granulocytes to survive 30-min exposure to 1 M glycerol at 0 degree C, but cells had to remain shrunken during the 37 degrees C incubation to prevent the loss of membrane integrity. Suspensions that contained damaged granulocytes formed aggregates when incubated at 37 degrees C, and these aggregates were responsible for a major fraction of the observed loss in viability.

scholarly journals Efek Penambahan Vitamin E dalam Pengencer Glukosa Fosfat terhadap Daya Tahan Hidup Spermatozoa Domba pada Suhu 5 °C

2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 25
Author(s):  
Nilawati Widjaya
Keyword(s):  
Plasma Membrane ◽  
Vitamin E ◽  
Analysis Of Variance ◽  
Membrane Integrity ◽  
Plasma Membrane Integrity ◽  
Glucose Phosphate ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Completely Randomized Design

<p class="p1">The purpose of this study was to know the effect of vitamin E addition in glucose phosphate diluent on the survival of sheep spermatozoa at 5 °C. The xperiment used 3 rams. The design used was Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with 5 treatments and 4 replicates, each replicate with 3 ejaculate cement of sheep. The treatments were the dose of Vitamin E with E<span class="s1">0 </span>= 0 μg/ml, E<span class="s1">1 </span>= 1 μg/ml, E<span class="s1">2 </span>= 4 μg/ml, E<span class="s1">3 </span>= 7 μg/ml, and E<span class="s1">4 </span>= 10 μg/ml. Variables measured were motility, live spermatozoa and plasma membrane integrity. Data were analyzed by using analysis of variance according to Steel and Torrie (1981). The result showed that treatment of vitamin E with a dose of 1 μg/ml - 10 μg/ml l had no significant effect on motility, percentage live spermatozoa and membrane integrity of sheep spermatozoa on day two (P&gt; 0.05).</p>

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