scholarly journals Accompanied versus unaccompanied walking for continuous oxygen saturation measurement during 6-min walk test in COPD: a randomised cross-over study

2021 ◽  
pp. 00921-2020
Author(s):  
Thomas F. Riegler ◽  
Anja Frei ◽  
Sarah R. Haile ◽  
Thomas Radtke
Keyword(s):  
Oxygen Saturation ◽  
Minimal Important Difference ◽  
Random Order ◽  
Population Level ◽  
Walking Distance ◽  
Walk Test ◽  
Experimental Conditions ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Standardised Testing ◽  
The Impact

Study questionIs there i a difference in the 6-Min Walk Test (6 MWT) distance when the assessor accompanies the patient to continuously measure oxygen saturation (SpO2) compared to the patient walking unaccompanied?MethodsWe conducted a prospective randomised cross-over study to evaluate the impact of the assessor walking with the patient during 6 MWT (6 MWTwith) versus patient walking alone (6 MWTwithout). At the end of a pulmonary rehabilitation programme, each patient performed two 6 MWTs in random order and separated by 30 min rest.Results49 COPD patients (GOLD II-IV) were included. In a regression model adjusting for period and subject, accompanying the patient resulted in a lower walking distance (mean difference −9.1 m, [95%CI, −13.9 to −4.3], p=0.0004). Notably, six patients walked more than 30 m further (minimal important difference, MID) in one of the two conditions (6 MWTwith: n=1, 6 MWTwithout: n=5). There were no between-sequence-group differences in heart rate, dyspnoea and leg-fatigue, and SpO2. The median (interquartile range) number and duration of SpO2 signal artefacts were high but not different between the experimental conditions (6 MWTwith: 17 [4, 24], 34 s [7, 113], 6 MWTwithout: 11 [3, 26], 24 s [4, 62]).Answer to the questionOn a study population level, we observed a statistically significant difference in 6 MWT distance between the two experimental conditions, however, the magnitude of difference is small and may not be considered clinically relevant. Nevertheless, in a clinical setting, unaccompanied walking resulted in a substantially higher walking distance pointing towards strictly standardised testing methodology, in particular in pre-post study designs.

Household and Population-Level Behavioural Changes Due to COVID-19 Pandemic: A Smart Thermostat Based Comparative Data Analysis

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
Kirti Sundar Sahu ◽  
Arlene Oetomo ◽  
Niloofar Jalali ◽  
Plinio P. Morita
Keyword(s):  
Data Analysis ◽  
Population Level ◽  
World Health ◽  
Motion Sensors ◽  
Household Level ◽  
Work From Home ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Health Organization ◽  
Smart Thermostat ◽  
The Impact

The World Health Organization declared the coronavirus outbreak as a pandemic on March 11, 2020. To inhibit the spread of COVID-19, governments around the globe, including Canada, have implemented physical distancing and lockdown measures, including a work-from-home policy. Canada in 2020 has developed a 24-Hour Movement Guideline for all ages laying guidance on the ideal amount of physical activity, sedentary behaviour, and sleep (PASS) for an individual in a day. The purpose of this study was to investigate changes on the household and population-level in lifestyle behaviours (PASS) and time spent indoors at the household level, following the implementation of physical distancing protocols and stay-at-home guidelines. For this study, we used 2019 and 2020 data from ecobee, a Canadian smart Wi-Fi thermostat company, through the Donate Your Data (DYD) program. Using motion sensors data, we quantified the amount of sleep by using the absence of movement, and similarly, increased sensor activation to show a longer duration of household occupancy. The key findings of this study were; during the COVID-19 pandemic, overall household-level activity increased significantly compared to pre-pandemic times, there was no significant difference between household-level behaviours between weekdays and weekends during the pandemic, average sleep duration has not changed, but the pattern of sleep behaviour significantly changed, specifically, bedtime and wake up time delayed, indoor time spent has been increased and outdoor time significantly reduced. Our data analysis shows the feasibility of using big data to monitor the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the household and population-level behaviours and patterns of change.

scholarly journals Impact of Face Masks on 6-Minute Walk Test in Healthy Volunteers

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 204589402098843
Author(s):  
Kevin M. Swiatek ◽  
Charnetta Lester ◽  
Nicole Ng ◽  
Saahil Golia ◽  
Janet Pinson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Healthy Volunteers ◽  
Face Mask ◽  
Walk Test ◽  
Six Minute Walk Test ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
6 Minute Walk Test ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Minute Walk

Our objective was to establish the impact of wearing a face mask on the outcome of six-minute walk test in healthy volunteers. In a study of 20 healthy volunteers who each completed two 6MWTs, one with a mask and one without, there was no difference in distance walked. However, there was a significant difference in perception of dyspnea between the two groups.

scholarly journals Population birth outcomes in 2020 and experiences of expectant mothers during the COVID-19 pandemic: a ‘Born in Wales’ mixed methods study using routine data

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hope Jones ◽  
Mike Seaborne ◽  
Laura Cowley ◽  
David Odd ◽  
Shantini Paranjothy ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Birth Weight ◽  
Birth Outcomes ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
National Level ◽  
Population Level ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Expectant Mothers ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Mothers Experiences

AbstractBackgroundPregnancy can be a stressful time and the COVID-19 pandemic has affected all aspects of life. This study aims to investigate the impact of the pandemic on population birth outcomes in Wales, rates of primary immunisations and examine expectant mothers’ experiences of pregnancy including self-reported levels of stress and anxiety.MethodsPopulation-level birth outcomes in Wales: Stillbirths, prematurity, birth weight and Caesarean section births before (2016–2019) and during (2020) the pandemic were compared using national-level routine anonymised data held in the Secure Anonymised Information Linkage (SAIL) Databank. The first three scheduled primary immunisations were compared between 2019 and 2020. Self-reported pregnancy experience: 215 expectant mothers (aged 16+) in Wales completed an online survey about their experiences of pregnancy during the pandemic. The qualitative survey data was analysed using codebook thematic analysis.FindingsThere was no significant difference between annual outcomes including gestation and birth weight, stillbirths, and Caesarean sections for infants born in 2020 compared to 2016-2019. There was an increase in late term births (≥42 weeks gestation) during the first lockdown (OR: 1.28, p=0.019) and a decrease in moderate to late preterm births (32-36 weeks gestation) during the second lockdown (OR: 0.74, p=0.001). Fewer babies were born in 2020 (N=29,031) compared to 2016-2019 (average N=32,582). All babies received their immunisations in 2020, but there were minor delays in the timings of vaccines. Those due at 8-weeks were 8% less likely to be on time (within 28-days) and at 16-weeks, they were 19% less likely to be on time. The pandemic had a negative impact on the mental health of 71% of survey respondents, who reported anxiety, stress and loneliness; this was associated with attending scans without their partner, giving birth alone, and minimal contact with midwives.InterpretationThe pandemic had a negative impact on mothers’ experiences of pregnancy; however, population-level data suggests that this did not translate to adverse birth outcomes for babies born during the pandemic.

A reformulation of the moderating effects of productive humor

2001 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Kerri M Lehman ◽  
Kevin L Burke ◽  
Randall Martin ◽  
Jennifer Sultan ◽  
Daniel R Czech
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Task ◽  
Small Sample ◽  
Stressful Events ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Anxiety State ◽  
Stressful Situation ◽  
Experimental Conditions ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Anxiety Levels ◽  
The Impact

AbstractThe ability to effectively cope with stress has been demonstrated to be an important factor in warding off potential physical disease and psychological distress. Responses to stressful events have been shown to greatly vary across individuals. Research has shown that intervening variables, such as cognitive appraisals of stressful events, can markedly affect the amount of stress (e.g., mood disturbance, anxiety, changes in neurotransmitter concentrations, suppression of immune system functioning) individuals experience. One such intervening variable, productive humor, was hypothesized to have a positive stress-moderating effect.Four different experimental conditions were used to assess the impact of a stressful situation on mood and anxiety state. Two conditions had subjects produce a humorous narrative in response to the stressful situation. One of these conditions included an instructional video on the use of productive humor. A third condition had subjects produce an intellectual narrative, while a fourth condition had subjects produce no narrative. The humorous narrative conditions were hypothesized to lead to the greatest moderation in stress (i.e., mood and anxiety).In the humorous narrative (without training) condition, subjects who were more successful at producing the narratives showed significantly more moderated changes in mood and anxiety levels pre-task to post-task. These changes were not significantly different from the intellectual or no narrative conditions. The significant difference found between high versus low humorous narrative producers may be accounted for in terms of success versus non-success at completing the experimental task.Finally, among subjects with initially high pre-task mood or anxiety levels and high tendencies to use productive humor, successful performance of some type of a verbal, cognitive task (i.e., humorous or intellectual narrative) was found to be more beneficial in moderating the effects of stress versus silence. These latter findings were based on patterns of results from post hoc analyses with small sample sizes, thus suggesting the need for future research along similar lines.

scholarly journals IMPACT OF QUR’AN RECITATION THERAPY ON PHYSIOLOGIC RESPONSES IN NEONATES ADMITTED IN NICU: A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 9
Author(s):  
Desriati Devi ◽  
Yeni Rustina
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Oxygen Saturation ◽  
Respiratory Rate ◽  
Key Words ◽  
English Language ◽  
Physiological Responses ◽  
Inclusion Criteria ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Quasi Experimental ◽  
The Impact

Abstract  Neonates who are admitted in NICU are exposed to tumultuous care environment originating from medical devices and procedures which may affect their physiological responses.This study aimed to identify the impact of Quran recitation therapy on physiological responses in neonates who were admitted in NICU. A systematic review was conducted by searching literatures of three databases including Science Direct, Scopus (2010-2018), and Google Scholar (2015-2018). The key words included “infants”, “holy Qur’an recitation”, and “Qur’an recitation” with inclusion criteria of literatures published in English language, Quasi-experimental study design, randomized controlled trials, neonates admitted in NICU as study sample, and impact of Quran recitation on physiological responses (oxygen saturation, respiratory rate, and pulse). The searching process resulted in 5 articles which met the inclusion criteria. The intervention of Quran recitation in those studies was performed once per day with duration of 10-25 minutes. The recited chapters included Al-Isra, Yusuf, Ar-Rahman, and Yasin. The intervention was provided through headphone with sound volume ranging from 45 to 65 dB. Four out of five studies reported significant difference. Qur’an recitation therapy had a significant effect on physiological responses in neonates admitted in NICU, including lower pulse and respiratory rate as well as higher oxygen saturation. The therapy may be provided as complementary and supportive intervention in order to improve stability of physiological responses in neonates admitted in NICU. Key words: Qur’an therapy; Physiological Responses; Neonates; NICU

scholarly journals Incremental shuttle walk test performed in a hallway and on a treadmill: are they interchangeable?

2018 ◽  
Vol 25 (4) ◽  
pp. 395-403
Author(s):  
Cristiane Santos de Oliveira ◽  
Anderson José ◽  
Crislaine Oliveira Santos ◽  
Cristiane Helga Yamane de Oliveira ◽  
Thiago Cristiano Oliveira Carvalho ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Aerobic Training ◽  
Physiological Responses ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Walking Distance ◽  
Walk Test ◽  
Healthy Individuals ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Walking Test ◽  
Significant Difference

ABSTRACT The performances of healthy individuals in an incremental shuttle walking test performed in a hallway (ISWT-H) and on a treadmill (ISWT-T) were compared to assess their physiological responses during aerobic training sessions with the speeds estimated from both tests. This was a cross-sectional study with 55 healthy subjects, who were randomized to perform the ISWT tests with 24 hours between them. Training sessions were held using a treadmill at 75% of the speeds obtained from the ISWT-H and ISWT-T. Measurements included walking distance, oxygen uptake (VO2), carbon dioxide (VCO2) production, heart rate (HR), and ventilation (VE). There was a significant difference between walking distances (ISWT-T: 823.9±165.2 m and ISWT-H:685.4±141.4 m), but similar physiological responses for VO2 (28.6±6.6 vs. 29.0±7.3 ml-1.kg-1.min-1), VCO2 (1.9±0.7 vs. 1.9±0.5 1), HR (158.3±17.8 vs. 158.6±17.7 bpm), and VE (41.5±10.4 vs. 43.7±12.9 1). The estimated speeds were different for the training sessions (5.5±0.5 km/h and 4.9±0.3 km/h), as well as the VO2, VCO2, VE, and HR. It was concluded that in healthy young adults, ISWTs carried out in a hallway and on a treadmill are not interchangeable. Since the ISWT-H was determined to have lower speed, the training intensity based on this test may underestimate a patient’s responses to aerobic training.

scholarly journals Effect of music on reducing anxiety in children during dental treatment

2020 ◽  
Vol 68 ◽  
Author(s):  
Serge Kalongo TSHISWAKA ◽  
Sérgio Luiz PINHEIRO
Keyword(s):  
Heart Rate ◽  
Music Therapy ◽  
Oxygen Saturation ◽  
Dental Care ◽  
Dental Treatment ◽  
Therapy Group ◽  
Wilcoxon Test ◽  
Pain Scores ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Impact

ABSTRACT Objective: The objective of this study was to evaluate the impact of music on anxiety in children during dental care Methods: A total of 40 children 5 to 11 years old were selected; they were randomized into 2 groups (n = 20): group 1: experimental, children were subjected to music therapy; group 2: control, children were not subjected to music therapy. We measured oxygen saturation, heart rate and levels of Corah anxiety scale and pain scale. The results for heart rate were evaluated by ANOVA. The Kruskal Wallis (Dunn) test was used to evaluate the oxygen saturation results and the Wilcoxon test for Corah anxiety and pain scores Results: There was a significant decrease in heart rate (pulse) in children who listened to music during dental treatment (p = 0.05). In the group without music, heart rate remained unchanged throughout the care (p = 0.53). There was no significant difference in oxygen saturation or Corah anxiety and pain scores in children who listened to music during dental care (p > 0.05) Conclusion: It can be concluded that music is a non-pharmacological alternative that reduces anxiety levels in children during dental treatment.

Exploring the Impact of a Dual Occupancy Neonatal Intensive Care Unit on Staff Workflow, Activity, and Their Perceptions

2018 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 44-54 ◽  
Author(s):  
Margaret Broom ◽  
Zsuzsoka Kecskes ◽  
Sue Kildea ◽  
Anne Gardner
Keyword(s):  
Intensive Care Unit ◽  
Intensive Care ◽  
Neonatal Intensive Care Unit ◽  
Neonatal Intensive Care ◽  
Walking Distance ◽  
Prospective Longitudinal Study ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Prospective Longitudinal ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Family Centered

In 2012, a tertiary neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) transitioned from an open plan (OP) to a dual occupancy (DO) NICU. The DO design aimed to provide a developmental appropriate, family-centered environment for neonates and their families. During planning, staff questioned the impact DO would have on staff workflow and activity. To explore the impact of changing from an OP to a DO NICU, a prospective longitudinal study was undertaken from 2011 to 2014, using observational, time and motion, and surveys methods. Main outcome measures included distance walked by staff, minutes of staff activity, and staff perceptions of the DO design. Results highlighted no significant difference in the distances clinical nurses walked nor time spent providing direct clinical care, whereas technical support staff walked further than other staff in both designs. Staff perceived the DO design created a developmentally appropriate, family-centered environment that facilitated communication and collaboration between staff and families. Staff described the main challenges of the DO design such as effective staff communication, gaining educational opportunities, and the isolation of staff and families compared to the OP design. Our study provides new evidence that DO provides an improved developmentally environment and has similar positive benefits to single-family room for neonates and families. Such design may reduce the larger floor plan’s impact on staff walking distance and work practices. Challenges of staff transition can be minimized by planning and leadership throughout the development and move to a new design.

scholarly journals The Effect of Frailty on Walking Recovery After Hip Fracture: A Secondary Analysis of the Community Ambulation Project

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kathleen K Mangione ◽  
Rebecca L Craik ◽  
Anne Kenny ◽  
Arteid Memaj ◽  
Melissa F Miller ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hip Fracture ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Walking Distance ◽  
Home Exercise ◽  
Walk Test ◽  
Community Ambulation ◽  
Walking Recovery ◽  
6 Minute Walk Test ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Minute Walk

Abstract Background The impact of frailty on walking recovery after hip fracture has not been reported. We describe the prevalence of frailty approximately 3 months after hip fracture, and identify the impact of baseline frailty on ambulation recovery. Methods Data from the Community Ambulation Project, that examined the effects of 2 multicomponent home exercise programs on 6-minute walk test in participants post hip fracture, were used to reconstruct the 5-item frailty phenotype. We detailed the prevalence of frailty by subgroup and assessed the comparability between frailty groups for the categorical variable of achieving 300 m in 6-minute walk test (community ambulation threshold), and the continuous variable of total distance in 6-minute walk test before and after 16 weeks of intervention. Results Of the 210 participants, 9% were nonfrail, 59% were prefrail, and 32% were frail. The odds of a nonfrail participant achieving the 300-m threshold were 14.4 (95% CI: 2.4–87.6) times the odds of a frail participant, while a prefrail participant’s odds were 6.1 (95% CI: 1.3–28.4) times after controlling for treatment group and baseline walking distance. The nonfrail participants had an increase of 92.1 m from baseline to 16 weeks, the prefrail had a 50.8 m increase, and the frail group had the smallest increase of 36.6 m (p < .001 for all). Conclusions Prefrailty and frailty were highly prevalent in this sample of community-dwelling survivors of a recent hip fracture. Gains in walking distance and attaining a level of community ambulation were affected significantly by the level of baseline frailty.

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