scholarly journals HMGB1, NLRP3, IL-6 and ACE2 levels are elevated in COVID-19 with headache: a window to the infection-related headache mechanism

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hayrunnisa Bolay ◽  
Ömer Karadas ◽  
Bilgin Oztürk ◽  
Riza Sonkaya ◽  
Bahar Tasdelen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Serum Levels ◽  
Pulmonary Involvement ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Trigeminal System ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Trigeminal Neurons ◽  
Moderate Disease ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Inflammatory Molecules ◽  
Second Wave

Abstract Background and aim Pathogenesis of COVID-19 -related headache is unknown, though the induction of the trigeminal neurons through inflammation is proposed. We aimed to investigate key systemic circulating inflammatory molecules and their clinical relations in COVID-19 patients with headache. Methods This cross-sectional study enrolled 88 COVID-19 patients, hospitalized on a regular ward during the second wave of the pandemic. Clinical characteristics of COVID-19 patients were recorded, and laboratory tests were studied. Results The mean ages of 48 COVID-19 patients with headache (47.71 ± 10.8) and 40 COVID-19 patients without headache (45.70 ± 12.72) were comparable. COVID-19 patients suffered from headache had significantly higher serum levels of HMGB1, NLRP3, ACE2, and IL-6 than COVID-19 patients without headache, whereas CGRP and IL-10 levels were similar in the groups. Angiotensin II level was significantly decreased in the headache group. COVID-19 patients with headache showed an increased frequency of pulmonary involvement and increased D- dimer levels. Furthermore, COVID-19 was more frequently associated with weight loss, nausea, and diarrhea in patients with headache. Serum NLRP3 levels were correlated with headache duration and hospital stay, while headache response to paracetamol was negatively correlated with HMGB1 and positively associated with IL-10 levels. Conclusion Stronger inflammatory response is associated with headache in hospitalized COVID-19 patients with moderate disease severity. Increased levels of the circulating inflammatory and/or nociceptive molecules like HMGB1, NLRP3, and IL-6 may play a role in the potential induction of the trigeminal system and manifestation of headache secondary to SARS-CoV-2 infection.

scholarly journals HMGB1, NLRP3, IL-6 and ACE2 Levels Are Elevated in COVID-19 with Headache: A Window to the Infection-Related Headache Mechanism

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hayrunnisa Bolay ◽  
Ömer Karadaş ◽  
Bilgin Öztürk ◽  
Rıza Sonkaya ◽  
Bahar Taşdelen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Weight Loss ◽  
Angiotensin Ii ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Pulmonary Involvement ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Trigeminal Neurons ◽  
Moderate Disease ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Second Wave ◽  
D Dimer

Abstract BACKGROUND AND AIM: Pathogenesis of COVID-19 -related headache is unknown, though the induction ofthe trigeminal neurons throughinflammation is proposed. Weaimed to investigatekey systemic circulating inflammatory moleculesand their clinical relations in COVID-19 patients with headache. METHODS: Thiscross-sectional study enrolled 88COVID-19 patients,hospitalized on a regular ward during the second wave of the pandemic.Clinical characteristics of COVID-19 patients were recorded,and laboratory testswere studied.RESULTS: The mean agesof 48 COVID-19 patients with headache (47.71±10.8) and 40 COVID-19 patients without headache (45.70±12.72) were comparable. COVID-19 patients suffered from headache had significantly higher serum levels of HMGB1, NLRP3, ACE2, and IL-6 than COVID-19 patients without headache, whereasCGRP and IL-10 levels were similar in the groups. Angiotensin II level was significantly decreased in the headache group.COVID-19 patients with headache showedan increased frequency of pulmonary involvement and increased D- dimer levels. Furthermore, COVID-19 was more frequently associated with weight loss, nausea, and diarrhea in patients with headache. The frequency of anosmia and ageusia did not reach significant levelsbetween the two groups. Serum NLRP3 levels were correlated with headache duration and hospital stay, while headache response to paracetamol was negatively correlated with HMGB1 and positively associated with IL-10 levels. CONCLUSION: Stronger inflammatory response is associated with headache in hospitalized COVID-19 patients with moderate disease severity.Increased levels of the circulating inflammatory and/or nociceptive molecules like HMGB1, NLRP3, and IL-6 may play a role in the potential induction of the trigeminalsystem and manifestation of headache secondary to SARS-CoV-2 infection.

scholarly journals Clinical and Demographic Characteristics of Patients with COVID-19 Who Died in Modarres Hospital

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (T1) ◽  
pp. 144-149
Author(s):  
Rohollah Valizadeh
Keyword(s):  
Renal Involvement ◽  
Pulmonary Involvement ◽  
Neurological Complications ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Demographic Characteristics ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Polymerase Chain ◽  
Novel Coronavirus ◽  
Low Sensitivity

BACKGROUND: Novel coronavirus disease (COVID-19) is caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome-CoV2 as a century concern affecting public health. AIM: This study aimed to find the clinical and demographic characteristics of the patients died following COVID-19 development at Modarres Hospital, Tehran, Iran. METHODS: In this descriptive-analytical cross-sectional study, 62 patients died following COVID-19 were studied in terms of age, gender, body mass index, comorbidity, symptoms, liver profile, lipid profile, hemoglobin, platelet, white blood cell, lymphocytes, neutrophils, C-reaction protein, polymerase chain reaction (PCR), creatine phosphokinase, creatinine, blood urea nitrogen (BUN), potassium, magnesium, and sodium. RESULTS: The results showed that 71% of patients were male and 69.4% had positive PCR test indicating low sensitivity of the test; 90.3% of patients were above 60 years old; 56.5 of patients had lymphocytopenia; the mean age was 67.62 ± 15.07 years; with symptoms lasting 6.24 days. The mean serum creatinine and BUN were 3.18 g/dl and 125.9 mg/dl, respectively, indicating renal involvement. All patients had pulmonary involvement accompanied by other organ involvements. Regarding symptoms, 72% of patients showed fever. Some affected patients had diarrhea, lethargy, and fatigue. A comparison of comorbidities by gender showed no significant differences. CONCLUSION: According to our results, the majority of patients were overweight. In people who are more than 60 years, multi-organ failure was notable. Fever, cough, and shortness of breath were dominant symptoms like other studies, but neurological complications following COVID-19 as meningoencephalitis is possible that can be used as a differential diagnosis. We did not found differences between male and female regarding comorbidity, symptoms, and mortality rate.

scholarly journals The effect of gamma radiation on plasma levels of zinc and selenium in nuclear medicine staff

2018 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 51-56
Author(s):  
Mahdiyeh Mirnam Niha ◽  
Mehdi Salehi Barough
Keyword(s):  
Nuclear Medicine ◽  
Gamma Radiation ◽  
Graphite Furnace ◽  
Serum Zinc ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Mean

Background and aims: Gamma radiation is widely being used in medical-imaging centers. The aim of this study was to measure possible alterations in serum zinc and selenium levels among nuclear medicine staff. Methods: This cross-sectional study was carried out on 30 nuclear medicine staff as well as on 10 individuals as the control group. Blood samples (20 mL) were obtained from the participants and the serum specimens were isolated by centrifugation at 4000 rpm for 7 minutes. The samples were then used for measurement of zinc and selenium levels. Zinc and selenium levels were measured using atomic absorption spectroscopy (AAS) with a graphite furnace. The mean serum levels of zinc and selenium were compared using SPSS. Results: The mean level of zinc in the radiated group (70.91±14.46 μmol/L) was significantly lower than that in the control group (89.75±17.35 μmol/L) (P=0.002). A negative significant correlation was found between the duration of exposure to radiation and zinc levels (P=0.005). Furthermore, a negative significant relationship was observed between the mean radiation dose after 5 years and zinc concentration (P=0.019). Non-significant difference was found in the mean level of selenium between control (1.71±0.35 μmol/L) and radiation (2.13±1.12 μmol/L) groups. Furthermore, no significant correlation was found between selenium level and exposure time. Conclusion: Based on the results, declined level of zinc can be considered as one of the possible mechanisms caused by gamma radiation on cells which may be associated with oxidative damage. Therefore, zinc therapy can be helpful for those who work at medical radiation centers; however, it merits further studies.

scholarly journals CORRELATION BETWEEN SERUM C-REACTIVE PROTEIN LEVEL WITH SEVERITY OF THE DISEASE IN COVID-19 PATIENTS

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (11) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sangeeta Gahlot ◽  
Surendra Yadav ◽  
Makkhan Lal Saini
Keyword(s):  
Severe Disease ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
P Value ◽  
C Reactive Protein ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Reactive Protein ◽  
Group I ◽  
Moderate Disease ◽  
Severity Of The Disease

Background: To find the levels of serum CRP in confirmed Covid-19 patients and to compare their levels in patients with mild to moderate disease and patients with severe disease who required ICU care for management. Methods: A Cross sectional study was carried out on 100 confirmed cases of Covid-19, in whom Serum levels of Random sugar (RBS), Creatinine, Urea, C- reactive protein (CRP) were measured. Results: The levels of serum Urea, Creatinine were significantly increased in group II when compared to group 1, and the levels of CRP were significantly increased with p value <0.0001 in group IIwhen compared to group I. Conclusion: Findings of our study suggest that determination of biochemical parameters like CRP at the time of hospitalization helps in predicting the severity of disease and need for ICU for better treatment management and prevention of adverse outcome. Keywords: Severe acute respiratory syndrome, Covid-19, C- reactive protein, Intensive care unit.

scholarly journals Evaluation of Sex Hormone Levels in Patients with Pemphigus Vulgaris in Comparison to the Healthy Population

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
Fatemeh Lavaee ◽  
Fahimeh Rezazadeh ◽  
Nasrin Saki ◽  
Zahra Tavazo ◽  
Saman Baghaei
Keyword(s):  
Sex Hormones ◽  
Pemphigus Vulgaris ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Case Group ◽  
Healthy Population ◽  
Healthy Controls ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
The Mean

Background and Aim. The onset of autoimmune diseases is associated with the levels of sex hormones. Pemphigus vulgaris is an autoimmune disease with a higher prevalence in postmenopausal women. The present study is aimed at evaluating the sex hormones’ levels in patients with pemphigus vulgaris in comparison to healthy controls. Materials and Methods. This cross-sectional study was performed on patients with pemphigus vulgaris referred to Faghihi Hospital and Shiraz Dental Faculty in 2017-2018. The participants included 26 women with histopathologically confirmed pemphigus vulgaris and 26 healthy age-matched controls. The serum levels of luteinizing hormone (LH), follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), estrogen, progesterone, testosterone, prolactin, dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA), and dihydrotestosterone (DHT) were evaluated in both groups. Independent t -test and two-way ANOVA were used for data analysis. Results. The mean age of the patients was 49.88 ± 10.46 years and that of the control group was 49.92 ± 11.30 years. Unlike the case group, the DHEA serum level was significantly higher among nonmenopausal participants in the control group. Moreover, the levels of testosterone and DHEA were significantly lower in the case group in comparison to the control group ( p = 0.015 and p = 0.026 , respectively). Conclusion. Considering the effects of age and menopause, the serum levels of testosterone and DHEA were significantly lower in the patients with pemphigus vulgaris than in the healthy controls. Hence, these hormones might have a role in the pathogenesis of pemphigus vulgaris.

scholarly journals Level of Serum Electrolytes in Chronic Alcoholic Patients

2015 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 31-34
Author(s):  
Mithileshwer Raut ◽  
Sangita Ghimire ◽  
Prashant Regmi ◽  
Sanjay Kumar Raut ◽  
Bharat Jha
Keyword(s):  
Serum Levels ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
University Teaching ◽  
Healthy Controls ◽  
Chronic Alcoholic ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Sodium Potassium ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Calcium Phosphorus ◽  
The Mean

BACKGROUND: The aim of this study is to establish serum levels of sodium, potassium, magnesium, calcium and phosphorus in chronic alcoholic patients.METHODS: This cross-sectional study was conducted in Tribhuvan University Teaching Hospital (TUTH).  A total of 90 chronic alcoholic patients visiting to psychiatry department of TUTH were included in the study. Age of patients ranges from 20-50 years. Study also included 90 non-alcoholic healthy controls that were age matched.RESULTS: Among the 90 chronic alcoholic patients and 90 normal healthy controls, majority of patients (95.5%) and controls (82%) were male, only few patients were female (4.5%). The mean age of the cases and controls were 35.42 ± 5.6 years, 34.53 ± 3.5 years respectively. In this study, the mean values of Serum Sodium and Potassium were lower in cases (133.58 ± 7.8, sodium and 3.64 ± 0.65, potassium) as compared to controls ( 139.43 ± 3.85, sodium and 4.15 ± 0.43, potassium) with the significant correlation in both groups (p<0.001). Calcium, phosphorus and magnesium level was depleted in cases compared to control groups.CONCLUSIONS: Hyponatremia and hypokalemia are the most common electrolyte abnormalities observed in chronic alcoholic patients.

scholarly journals Levels of Thyroid Peroxidase Antibodies is Higher in Threatened Abortion

2016 ◽  
pp. 134-138
Author(s):  
I Nyoman A. Sanjaya ◽  
Syarif T Hidayat
Keyword(s):  
Serum Levels ◽  
Normal Pregnancy ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Thyroid Peroxidase ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Thyroid Peroxidase Antibody ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Threatened Abortion ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Antibody Levels

Objective: To assess the relationship between the incidence of threatened abortion with serum levels of TPO antibodies. Methods: This was cross-sectional study involving subjects 40 cases and 40 controls. The study was conducted September 2012 to November 2012. The difference in the levels of thyroid peroxidase antibody was tested by Mann-Whitney test. Result: In this study, hypothyroidism was found only in the abortion group, as many as 6 subjects (15%) and subclinical hypothyroidism was more prevalent in threatened abortion group, found in 2 people (5%), compared to normal pregnant group, found in only 1 person (2.5%). This study revealed a significant difference in the mean levels of TPO antibodies in the threatened abortion and normal pregnancy group. The mean levels of TPO antibodies in threatened abortion group was 91.76 ± 133.18 IU/ml with the lowest level of 14.41 IU/ml and the highest levels of 534.47 IU/ml while in the normal pregnancy group found an average 12.97 ± 3.91 IU/ml with the lowest value 2.02 IU/ml and the highest value of 20.78 IU/ml. In this study, subjects with TPO antibody levels ≥ 125 IU/ml, all of them experienced threatened abortion (n = 7) and found the risk of miscarriage by 2.212-fold compared with subjects with TPO levels < 125 IU/ml. Conclusion: There are differences in the levels of TPO antibodies in patients with threatened abortion and in normal pregnancies, with average levels of TPO antibodies in imminent abortion group is higher than normal pregnancy group. There is a relationship between TPO antibody levels ≥ 125 IU/ml with the incidence of threatened abortion, with the risk of threatened abortion increasing 2.212 times. [Indones J Obstet Gynecol 2013; 1-3: 134-8] Keywords: threatened abortion, thyroid peroxidase antibody (TPO)

scholarly journals High Levels of Circulating IL-6 and IL-8 Signature can Predict COVID-19 Severity

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (10) ◽  
Author(s):  
Didem Ozgür ◽  
Murat Karamese ◽  
Alpay Medetalibeyoglu ◽  
Onur Alkan ◽  
Naci Senkal ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Serum Levels ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Cytokines And Chemokines ◽  
Tnf Α ◽  
Severe Group ◽  
Ifn Γ ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Circulating Levels ◽  
Human Cytokine

Background: Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection may trigger a cytokine storm, which is characterized by uncontrolled overproduction of proinflammatory cytokines. Objectives: We aimed to investigate the association between circulating levels of inflammatory cytokines and severity of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Methods: This cross-sectional study included 46 severe and 32 mildly symptomatic COVID-19 patients. The serum levels of cytokines and chemokines were determined using the Bio-Plex ProTM Human Cytokine Screening Panel. Results: Out of a total of 78 patients with confirmed COVID-19, 54 (69.2%) were males, and 24 (30.8%) were females. The mean age was 43.1 ± 13.3 and 58.2 ± 15 in mild and severe patients, respectively. Severe patients were characterized by significant laboratory abnormalities, such as increased WBC (P = 0.002) and neutrophil counts (P = 0.001), higher levels of ALT (P = 0.03), AST (P = 0.002), LDH (P < 0.001), urea (P = 0.013), ferritin (P < 0.001), D-dimer (P = 0.042), CRP (P < 0.001), and decreased lymphocyte (P < 0.001) and platelet (P = 0.045) counts. The levels of IL-6, IL-8, IL-13, TNF-α, IFN-γ, MIP-1β, and MCP-1 increased in the severe group compared to the mild group. However, significant differences were observed only for IL-6 (P < 0.001) and IL-8 (P < 0.001) levels. Conclusions: Serum IL-6 and IL-8 levels can be used as potential prognostic biomarkers of disease severity in COVID-19 patients.

scholarly journals Ischemia modified albumin (IMA) and albumin adjusted-IMA (AAIMA) as biomarkers for diabetic retinopathy

2016 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 117-123 ◽  
Author(s):  
Varikasuvu Seshadri Reddy ◽  
Sumita Sethi ◽  
Poonam Agrawal ◽  
Navdeep Gupta ◽  
Renu Garg
Keyword(s):  
Diabetic Retinopathy ◽  
Hdl Cholesterol ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Albumin Concentration ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Ischemia Modified Albumin ◽  
Cobalt Binding ◽  
The Mean

Introduction: Oxidative stress has important role in the pathophysiology of diabetic retinopathy (DR). Ischemia modified albumin (IMA) has been recently considered as a marker of oxidative damage in diabetes. However, there is scarcity of published information about both IMA and albumin adjusted-IMA (AAIMA) in DR patients. Objectives: To evaluate the serum levels of IMA and AAIMA in patients with DR and in healthy controls. Material and methods: This was a cross sectional study. Serum was obtained to measure lipids, albumin and IMA from the the patients with DR and non-diabetic subjects. The IMA level was measured by a colorimetric albumin cobalt binding (ACB) assay and the values were presented as absorbance units (ABSU). The IMA levels were adjusted for albumin interference and the AAIMA by using a formula [Individual serum albumin/median albumin concentration of the population X IMA]. Results: This study was done on 18 DR and 20 non- diabetic patients. The mean Serum IMA values in DR group and controls were 0.50±0.17 and 0.32±0.17, respectively (P=0.002). The mean serum AAIMA values in DR group and controls were 0.48±0.20 and 0.32±0.17, respectively (P=0.01). The albumin and HDL- Cholesterol levels were significantly lower in DR patients compared to controls (p=0.004 and p=0.01, respectively). Conclusions: The level of IMA and AAIMA were higher in cases of DR compared to that of non-diabetic subjects. The levels of albumin and HDL-Cholesterol were lower in DR patients compared to controls. 

scholarly journals Serum levels of adiponectin, CCL3/MIP-1α, and CCL5/RANTES discriminate migraine from tension-type headache patients

2016 ◽  
Vol 74 (8) ◽  
pp. 626-631 ◽  
Author(s):  
Renan B. Domingues ◽  
Halina Duarte ◽  
Carlos Senne ◽  
Gustavo Bruniera ◽  
Fernando Brunale ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Neurotrophic Factors ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Tension Type Headache ◽  
Pain Modulation ◽  
Primary Headaches ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Cutaneous Allodynia ◽  
Type Headache ◽  
Inflammatory Molecules

ABSTRACT Objectives Inflammatory molecules and neurotrophic factors are implicated in pain modulation; however, their role in primary headaches is not yet clear. The aim of this study was to compare the levels of serum biomarkers in migraine and tension-type headache. Methods This was a cross-sectional study. We measured serum levels of adiponectin, chemokines, and neurotrophic factors in patients with migraine and tension-type headache. Depression and anxiety symptoms, headache impact and frequency, and allodynia were recorded. Results We included sixty-eight patients with migraine and forty-eight with tension-type headache. Cutaneous allodynia (p = 0.035), CCL3/MIP-1α (p = 0.041), CCL5/RANTES (p = 0.013), and ADP (p = 0.017) were significantly higher in migraine than in tension-type headache. The differences occurred independently of anxiety and depressive symptoms, frequency and impact of headache, and the presence of pain. Conclusions This study showed higher CCL3/MIP-1α, CCL5/RANTES, and ADP levels in migraine in comparison with tension-type headache. Our findings suggest distinctive roles of these molecules in the pathophysiology of these primary headaches.

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