Risk factors for Keshan disease: a prospective cohort study protocol of gut flora

Abstract Background Keshan disease is an endemic cardiomyopathy of undefined causes. Being involved in the unclear pathogenesis of Keshan disease, a clear diagnosis, and effective treatment cannot be initiated. However, the rapid development of gut flora in cardiovascular disease combined with omics and big data platforms may promote the discovery of new diagnostic markers and provide new therapeutic options. This study aims to identify biomarkers for the early diagnosis and further explore new therapeutic targets for Keshan disease. Methods This cohort study consists of two parts. Though the first part includes 300 participants, however, recruiting will be continued for the eligible participants. After rigorous screening, the blood samples, stools, electrocardiograms, and ultrasonic cardiogram data would be collected from participants to elucidate the relationship between gut flora and host. The second part includes a prospective follow-up study for every 6 months within 2 years. Finally, deep mining of big data and rapid machine learning will be employed to analyze the baseline data, experimental data, and clinical data to seek out the new biomarkers to predict the pathogenesis of Keshan disease. Discussion Our study will clarify the distribution of gut flora in patients with Keshan disease and the abundance and population changes of gut flora in different stages of the disease. Through the big data platform analyze the relationship between environmental factors, clinical factors, and gut flora, the main factors affecting the occurrence of Keshan disease were identified, and the changed molecular pathways of gut flora were predicted. Finally, the specific gut flora and molecular pathways affecting Keshan disease were identified by metagenomics combined with metabonomic analysis. Trial registration: ChiCTR1900026639. Registered on 16 October 2019.

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Acute Dental Periapical Abscess and New-Onset Atrial Fibrillation: A Nationwide, Population-Based Cohort Study

Journal of Clinical Medicine ◽

10.3390/jcm10132927 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 10 (13) ◽

pp. 2927

Author(s):

Amaar Obaid Hassan ◽

Gregory Y. H. Lip ◽

Arnaud Bisson ◽

Julien Herbert ◽

Alexandre Bodin ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Atrial Fibrillation ◽

Cohort Study ◽

Multivariable Analysis ◽

National Database ◽

Increased Risk ◽

Periapical Abscess ◽

The Relationship ◽

Onset Atrial Fibrillation ◽

New Onset

There are limited data on the relationship of acute dental infections with hospitalisation and new-onset atrial fibrillation (AF). This study aimed to assess the relationship between acute periapical abscess and incident AF. This was a retrospective cohort study from a French national database of patients hospitalized in 2013 (3.4 million patients) with at least five years of follow up. In total, 3,056,291 adults (55.1% female) required hospital admission in French hospitals in 2013 while not having a history of AF. Of 4693 patients classified as having dental periapical abscess, 435 (9.27%) developed AF, compared to 326,241 (10.69%) without dental periapical abscess that developed AF over a mean follow-up of 4.8 ± 1.7 years. Multivariable analysis indicated that dental periapical abscess acted as an independent predictor for new onset AF (p < 0.01). The CHA2DS2VASc score in patients with acute dental periapical abscess had moderate predictive value for development of AF, with Area Under the Curve (AUC) 0.73 (95% CI, 0.71–0.76). An increased risk of new onset AF was identified for individuals hospitalized with dental periapical abscess. Careful follow up of patients with severe, acute dental periapical infections is needed for incident AF, as well as investigations of possible mechanisms linking these conditions.

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Cohort profile: the Chinese Pregnant Women Cohort Study and Offspring Follow-up (CPWCSaOF)

BMJ Open ◽

10.1136/bmjopen-2020-044933 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (3) ◽

pp. e044933

Author(s):

Tianchen Lyu ◽

Yunli Chen ◽

Yongle Zhan ◽

Yingjie Shi ◽

Hexin Yue ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Cohort Study ◽

Pregnant Women ◽

First Trimester ◽

Health Problems ◽

Environmental Data ◽

Geographical Information ◽

Obstetric Outcomes ◽

Factors Affecting ◽

Link Type

PurposeA multicentre prospective cohort study, known as the Chinese Pregnant Women Cohort Study (CPWCS), was established in 2017 to collect exposure data during pregnancy (except environmental exposure) and analyse the relationship between lifestyle during pregnancy and obstetric outcomes. Data about mothers and their children’s life and health as well as children’s laboratory testing will be collected during the offspring follow-up of CPWCS, which will enable us to further investigate the longitudinal relationship between exposure in different periods (during pregnancy and childhood) and children’s development.Participants9193 pregnant women in 24 hospitals in China who were in their first trimester (5–13 weeks gestational age) from 25 July 2017 to 26 November 2018 were included in CPWCS by convenience sampling. Five hospitals in China which participated in CPWCS with good cooperation will be selected as the sample source for the Chinese Pregnant Women Cohort Study (Offspring Follow-up) (CPWCS-OF).Findings to dateSome factors affecting pregnancy outcomes and health problems during pregnancy have been discovered through data analysis. The details are discussed in the ‘Findings to date’ section.Future plansInfants and children and their mothers who meet the criteria will be enrolled in the study and will be followed up every 2 years. The longitudinal relationship between exposure (questionnaire data, physical examination and biospecimens, medical records, and objective environmental data collected through geographical information system and remote sensing technology) in different periods (during pregnancy and childhood) and children’s health (such as sleeping problem, oral health, bowel health and allergy-related health problems) will be analysed.Trail registration numberCPWCS was registered with ClinicalTrials.gov on 18 January 2018: NCT03403543. CPWCS-OF was registered with ClinicalTrials.gov on 24 June 2020: NCT04444791.

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Prospective Associations of Physical Frailty With Future Falls and Fear of Falling: A 48-Month Cohort Study

Physical Therapy ◽

10.1093/ptj/pzab059 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

K Makino ◽

S Lee ◽

S Bae ◽

I Chiba ◽

K Harada ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Older Adults ◽

Cohort Study ◽

Fear Of Falling ◽

Community Dwelling ◽

Cardiovascular Health Study ◽

Physical Frailty ◽

Frailty Status ◽

Community Dwelling Older Adults ◽

The Relationship

Abstract Objective The present study aimed to examine the prospective associations of physical frailty with future falls and fear of falling (FOF) among community-dwelling older adults. Methods A prospective cohort study with a 48-month follow-up was conducted in a Japanese community. Participants were 2469 community-dwelling older adults aged 65 years or older who completed baseline and follow-up assessments at intervals of 48±2 months. Primary outcomes were recent falls (defined as at least one fall within the past year) and FOF (determined by response to “Are you afraid of falling?”) at follow-up survey. Physical frailty, operationalized by the frailty phenotype (slowness, weakness, exhaustion, weight loss, and low activity) based on the criteria of the Japanese version of the Cardiovascular Health Study (J-CHS), was also assessed as a predictor of future falls and FOF. Results Multivariate logistic regression showed that pre-frailty or frailty increase the risk of not only future falls (OR: 1.57; 95%CI = 1.20-2.05) but also FOF (OR: 1.33; 95%CI = 1.05-1.69). In addition, the relationship between baseline frailty status and future falls remained significant after adjusting for baseline FOF (OR: 1.55; 95%CI = 1.19-2.02), and the relationship between baseline frailty status and future FOF also remained significant after adjusting for baseline falls (OR: 1.32; 95%CI = 1.04-1.68). Conclusions Frailty status may predict future falls and FOF among community-dwelling older adults. Strategies to prevent frailty may be beneficial to prevent not only future falls but also future FOF in a community setting. Impact Falls and FOF have a close relationship but a different clinical meaning. Older adults with physical frailty may require monitoring as high-risk not only for falls but also for FOF.

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Serum procalcitonin levels predict disseminated intravascular coagulation in patients with sepsis shock: A retrospective cohort study

10.21203/rs.3.rs-36566/v1 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Guang Fu ◽

Xi-si He ◽

Hao-li Li ◽

Hai-chao Zhan ◽

Jun-fu Lu ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Septic Shock ◽

Cohort Study ◽

Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation ◽

Area Under The Curve ◽

Multivariable Logistic Regression Model ◽

Intravascular Coagulation ◽

The Relationship ◽

Conventional Risk Factors

Abstract Background Complication of disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC) is a determinant of the prognosis in patients with sepsis shock. Procalcitonin (PCT) has been advocated as a marker of bacterial sepsis. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the relationship between serum PCT levels and DIC with sepsis shock Methods A cohort study was designed which included patients that admitted in intensive care unit (ICU) between January 1, 2015 and December 31, 2018 and the follow-up to discharge. 164 septic shock patients were divided into DIC and non-DIC groups according to international society of thrombosis and homeostasis (ISTH). PCT was measured at the admission to ICU, and all the participants received routine biochemical coagulation test subsequently. Results PCT levels were considerably higher in septic shock patients who developed DIC than those who did not (54.6[13.6–200]vs12.6[2.4–53.3]ng/ml), respectively, P < 0.001). Multivariable logistic regression model revealed that PCT level was significantly associated with risk of DIC independent of conventional risk factors. In addition, curve fitting showed a linear relationship between PCT and DIC score. The Receiver Operating characteristic(ROC) curve suggested that the optimal cut-off point for PCT to predicting DIC induced by septic shock was 42.0 ng/ml, and the area under the curve (AUC) was 0.701(95% CI [0.619–0.784], P < 0.001). More importantly, incorporating PCT with other risk factors into the prediction model significantly increased the AUC for prediction of DIC induced by sepsis shock (0.801vs 0.706; P = 0.012). Conclusions Our study suggests that PCT levels on admission is significantly and independently associated with DIC development subsequently with septic shock, combining PCT levels with other risk factors could significantly improve the prediction of DIC induced by sepsis shock.

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The Relationship of Previous Breastfeeding Experiences and Factors Affecting Breastfeeding Rates: A Follow-Up Study

Breastfeeding Medicine ◽

10.1089/bfm.2020.0165 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 15 (12) ◽

pp. 789-797

Author(s):

Jun-Yan Li ◽

Yi Huang ◽

Hao-Qi Liu ◽

Jing Xu ◽

Lu Li ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Factors Affecting ◽

Follow Up Study ◽

Breastfeeding Rates ◽

Relationship Of ◽

The Relationship

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Sleep Disturbance and the Risk of Cognitive Decline or Clinical Conversion in the ADNI Cohort

Dementia and Geriatric Cognitive Disorders ◽

10.1159/000488671 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 45 (3-4) ◽

pp. 232-242 ◽

Cited By ~ 8

Author(s):

Adam P. Mecca ◽

Hannah R. Michalak ◽

Julia W. McDonald ◽

Emily C. Kemp ◽

Erika A. Pugh ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Cohort Study ◽

Cognitive Impairment ◽

Cognitive Decline ◽

Sleep Disturbance ◽

Secondary Analysis ◽

Study Results ◽

Global Cognition ◽

The Relationship ◽

Normal Cognition

Background: We investigated the relationship between sleep disturbance and cognitive decline or clinical conversion in individuals with normal cognition (CN), as well as those with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and dementia due to Alzheimer disease (AD-dementia). Methods: Secondary analysis of 1,629 adults between 48 and 91 years of age with up to 24 months of follow-up from the ADNI (Alzheimer’s Disease Neuroimaging Initiative), a longitudinal cohort study. Results: Sleep disturbance was not associated with decline in memory, executive function, or global cognition. The presence of sleep disturbance did not significantly increase the risk of diagnostic conversion in CN, early MCI, or late MCI participants. Conclusion: This study investigated the effect of sleep disturbance on cognitive decline using several outcomes and does not support the hypothesis that sleep disturbance predicts subsequent cognitive decline.

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Recidivism

10.1093/med/9780199374847.003.0013 ◽

2018 ◽

Author(s):

Faye S. Taxman ◽

Mary Mun

Keyword(s):

Justice System ◽

Drug Users ◽

Recidivism Rate ◽

Recidivism Rates ◽

Factors Affecting ◽

Drug Of Choice ◽

Drugs And Crime ◽

Time Frames ◽

The Relationship

High rates of rearrest and recidivism, especially among drug-involved individuals, are of grave concern for the justice system and society at large. This chapter looks at the factors affecting recidivism rates of substance-involved individuals involved in the justice system. We begin by considering the complexity of measuring recidivism and the meaning of this concept; the term is fraught with difficulties due to the complexities of generalizing findings across studies with varying sampling frames and time-frames for follow-up, and differences in the types of recidivism events studied. Recent research illustrates that recidivism rates among drug users vary by drug of choice and are typically higher among individuals who use amphetamines, heroin, and/or cocaine. Recidivism rates may also vary depending on the presence of certain comorbid factors, although this is an emerging area of research. Factors that appear to elevate recidivism rates include personality disorders, co-occurring substance abuse and mental health disorders, other psychiatric disorders, and other serious mental illness. The location of an individual’s residence also appears to impact the recidivism rate, possibly mediated by the presence or absence of various protective factors in the community. While the nature of the relationship between drugs and crime is still unclear, the same is true for our understanding of recidivism among substance users in the justice system. There is a need for a greater understanding of the relationship between substance use and recidivism, in order to fill existing knowledge gaps.

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The Relationship between AKI and CKD in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes: An Observational Cohort Study

Journal of the American Society of Nephrology ◽

10.1681/asn.2020030323 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 32 (1) ◽

pp. 138-150 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Simona Hapca ◽

Moneeza K. Siddiqui ◽

Ryan S.Y. Kwan ◽

Michelle Lim ◽

Shona Matthew ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Type 2 Diabetes ◽

Cohort Study ◽

Observational Studies ◽

Observational Cohort Study ◽

Patients With Diabetes ◽

Observational Cohort ◽

The Relationship ◽

Egfr Slope

BackgroundThere are few observational studies evaluating the risk of AKI in people with type 2 diabetes, and even fewer simultaneously investigating AKI and CKD in this population. This limits understanding of the interplay between AKI and CKD in people with type 2 diabetes compared with the nondiabetic population.MethodsIn this retrospective, cohort study of participants with or without type 2 diabetes, we used electronic healthcare records to evaluate rates of AKI and various statistical methods to determine their relationship to CKD status and further renal function decline.ResultsWe followed the cohort of 16,700 participants (9417 with type 2 diabetes and 7283 controls without diabetes) for a median of 8.2 years. Those with diabetes were more likely than controls to develop AKI (48.6% versus 17.2%, respectively) and have preexisting CKD or CKD that developed during follow-up (46.3% versus 17.2%, respectively). In the absence of CKD, the AKI rate among people with diabetes was nearly five times that of controls (121.5 versus 24.6 per 1000 person-years). Among participants with CKD, AKI rate in people with diabetes was more than twice that of controls (384.8 versus 180.0 per 1000 person-years after CKD diagnostic date, and 109.3 versus 47.4 per 1000 person-years before CKD onset in those developing CKD after recruitment). Decline in eGFR slope before AKI episodes was steeper in people with diabetes versus controls. After AKI episodes, decline in eGFR slope became steeper in people without diabetes, but not among those with diabetes and preexisting CKD.ConclusionsPatients with diabetes have significantly higher rates of AKI compared with patients without diabetes, and this remains true for individuals with preexisting CKD.

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Influence of snoring on in incidence of metabolic syndrome: a community-based prospective cohort study in rural Northeast China

10.21203/rs.3.rs-15559/v1 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Shasha Yu ◽

Xiaofan Guo ◽

GuangXiao Li ◽

Hongmei Yang ◽

Guozhe Sun ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Metabolic Syndrome ◽

Cohort Study ◽

Prospective Cohort Study ◽

Rural Areas ◽

Prospective Cohort ◽

Fast Blood Glucose ◽

Fast Blood Glucose Level ◽

Community Based ◽

The Relationship

Abstract Background: There is increasing trend of metabolic syndrome (MetS) in rural areas of China in recent years. It is necessary to figure out the possible risk factors of MetS for better intervention. This community-based prospective cohort study was performed to assess the relationship between snoring status and incidence of MetS.Methods: We conducted a cohort study among residents aged ≥ 35 years without MetS in 2012-2013. Among 5,691 residents who met the inclusion criteria, 4,980 residents (2,586 men and 2394 women; follow-up proportion: 87.5%) remained available for follow-up examinations during 2015-2017. The main outcome was the incidence of MetS, defined by the unify criteria in 2009. We divided residents by snoring status and compared outcome between groups. Using a logistic regression model, we estimated the odds ratio (OR) for incidence for MetS, adjusting for confounders, ages, gender, exercise habit, sleep duration, alcohol and smoke consumption. Results: With a median follow up of 4.6 years, incidence of MetS was higher in snorers (men 26.2%, women 33.5%) than in non-snorers (men 19.7%, women 23.2%). Diastolic blood pressure increased in follow-up compared with baseline in male snorers but decreased in male non-snorers. Similarly, fast blood glucose level increased in female snorers at follow-up but decreased in female non-snorers. We found a significant association between snoring and incidence of MetS (adjusted OR=1.51, 95%CI=1.32-1.74). Besides, as the degrees of the snoring increased, the incidence of MetS increased simultaneously. And the OR for the very severe snoring was double compared with non-snorers (adjusted OR=2.10, 95%CI=1.38-3.20). Conclusion: Snoring is associated with higher incidence of MetS in rural Northeast Chinese. More emphasis should be paid to residents with snoring problem.

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Analysis on Influencing Factors of College Students' Information Ability in Big Data Environment

Frontiers in Business, Economics and Management ◽

10.54097/fbem.v2i3.187 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 2 (3) ◽

pp. 36-42

Author(s):

Xiaomei Hu ◽

Yuan Yuan ◽

Mengjie Wang

Keyword(s):

College Students ◽

Big Data ◽

Information Society ◽

Rapid Development ◽

Current Situation ◽

Actual Situation ◽

Factors Affecting ◽

Main Factors ◽

Data Environment ◽

Constituent Elements

Information ability is the basis and premise of college students' survival and career development, the condition of their lifelong learning, and the necessary ability of innovative talents. In order to adapt to the rapid development of the current information society, college students, as an important force of social construction, must cultivate good information ability. Firstly, this paper analyzes the position of college students' information ability in the ability structure. Secondly, it analyzes the constituent elements of college students' information ability in the big data environment. Thirdly, it analyzes the current situation of information ability training of economic and management college students under the big data environment. Finally, combined with the actual situation of Anhui University of Finance and Economics, through the questionnaire, this paper investigates and analyzes the current situation of economic and management college students' information ability, in order to explore the main factors affecting college students' information ability.

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