scholarly journals Is there a difference in body size dissatisfaction between the patients with obesity seeking and not seeking treatment for obesity?

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Wojciech Gruszka ◽  
Aleksander J. Owczarek ◽  
Mateusz Glinianowicz ◽  
Monika Bąk-Sosnowska ◽  
Jerzy Chudek ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Size ◽  
Rating Scale ◽  
Obesity Treatment ◽  
Health Campaigns ◽  
Negative Attitudes ◽  
Figure Rating Scale ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Body Size Dissatisfaction ◽  
Public Health Campaigns ◽  
High Level

Abstract Background Various factors motivate people to undertake treatment for obesity. Among others they include health benefits, willingness to please others, and dissatisfaction with one’s appearance. The present study aimed to assess body size dissatisfaction in patients with obesity seeking and not seeking treatment for obesity. Methods Two-hundred-sixteen adult subjects (154 women, 62 men) including 80 people with BMI ≥ 30 kg/m2 starting treatment for obesity (BMI 35.7 ± 5.3 kg/m2) and 136 volunteers with obesity (BMI 34.7 ± 4.3 kg/m2) not seeking treatment for obesity, were enrolled. Body size satisfaction was assessed using the Figure Rating Scale adapted by Stunkard. Results Patients with obesity starting obesity treatment had more often a high level of body size dissatisfaction than volunteers with obesity not seeking the treatment (p <  0.001). There was a significant difference in the distribution of body size dissatisfaction in women (p <  0.05), but not in men (p = 0.47). Conclusion Patients with obesity, especially women, seeking obesity treatment more often represent a high level of body size dissatisfaction than volunteers with obesity not seeking treatment for obesity. This implies the need for public health campaigns to address negative attitudes or misconceptions about obesity and its treatment. Placing more attention and emphasis on body size dissatisfaction in more vulnerable women with obesity may help to define personal motivations and goals, strengthen the doctor-patient relationship and better adapt therapeutic strategies.

scholarly journals “eLoriCorps Immersive Body Rating Scale”: Exploring the Assessment of Body Image Disturbances from Allocentric and Egocentric Perspectives

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (9) ◽  
pp. 2926
Author(s):  
Johana Monthuy-Blanc ◽  
Stéphane Bouchard ◽  
Marilou Ouellet ◽  
Giulia Corno ◽  
Sylvain Iceta ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Image ◽  
Body Size ◽  
Cultural Context ◽  
Discriminant Validity ◽  
Rating Scale ◽  
Convergent And Discriminant Validity ◽  
Figure Rating Scale ◽  
Individual Comparison ◽  
Body Size Dissatisfaction ◽  
Body Image Disturbances

The first objective of this study was to test the convergent and discriminant validity between the “eLoriCorps Immersive Body Rating Scale” and the traditional paper-based figure rating scale (FRS). The second objective was to explore the contribution of the egocentric virtual reality (VR) perspective of eLoriCorps to understanding body image disturbances (BIDs). The sample consisted of 53 female and 13 male adults. Body size dissatisfaction, body size distortion, perceived body size, and ideal body size were assessed. Overall, outcomes showed good agreement between allocentric perspectives as measured via VR and the FRS. The egocentric VR perspective produced different results compared to both the allocentric VR perspective and the FRS. This difference revealed discriminant validity and suggested that eLoricorps’ egocentric VR perspective might assess something different from the traditional conception of body dissatisfaction, which an allocentric VR perspective generally assesses. Finally, the egocentric VR perspective in assessing BIDs deserves to be studied more extensively to explore the possibility of finding two types of body image distortion: (a) an egocentric perceptual body distortion, referring to internal body sensation affected by intra-individual changes, and (b) an allocentric perceptual body distortion, referring to external body benchmarks constructed by inter-individual comparison occurring in a given cultural context.

Assessment of Obesity and Body Image Satisfaction amongst Students of AMC MET Medical College, Ahmedabad, Gujarat

2017 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 14
Author(s):  
Sheetal Vyas ◽  
Chitra Pandya ◽  
Rishita Mehta ◽  
Dhwani Mehta ◽  
Mohak Mankad ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Image ◽  
Body Size ◽  
Weight Status ◽  
Rating Scale ◽  
The Body ◽  
Dietary Behaviour ◽  
Health Seeking ◽  
Body Image Satisfaction ◽  
Figure Rating Scale ◽  
Significant Difference

Introduction: Body image satisfaction (BIS) may have an effect on body weight, which in turn contributes to healthier lifestyle practices. The present study aimed to measure the BMI of students, and to relate this to the students’ own perceptions of their body image and assessing body image satisfaction using the Stunkard figure rating scale. Methods: A cross sectional study was carried out on 200 students selected by stratified random sampling technique. Variables that were used in the current study are perception of self-body size, ideal body size, and body size satisfaction. The assessment was carried out using the Stunkard figure rating scale. Results: Mean age of the students was 20.4 years. Mean BMI of the boys was 25.63 and of the girls was 25.09. There was a significant difference between perceived body size and body size as per BMI. Overall the girls had significantly more satisfaction with their body image as compared to boys. The body image satisfaction and BMI had positive correlation. Most of the time students thought they were thinner than they actually were, with obvious implications for health and health seeking behaviour. Conclusions: Correct perception of the body size may become the motivation to lose weight and contribute to high success rate in attaining it. A wholesome community approach is needed to change weight status perceptions and improve exercise and dietary behaviour

scholarly journals The Development of a BMI-Guided Shape Morphing Technique and the Effects of an Individualized Figure Rating Scale on Self-Perception of Body Size

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 579-594 ◽  
Author(s):  
Geoffrey M. Hudson ◽  
Yao Lu ◽  
Xiaoke Zhang ◽  
James Hahn ◽  
Johannah E. Zabal ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Size ◽  
Rating Scales ◽  
Rating Scale ◽  
Line Drawing ◽  
Adult Women ◽  
Self Perception ◽  
Body Perception ◽  
Line Drawings ◽  
Figure Rating Scale ◽  
The Impact

The creation of personalized avatars that may be morphed to simulate realistic changes in body size is useful when studying self-perception of body size. One drawback is that these methods are resource intensive compared to rating scales that rely upon generalized drawings. Little is known about how body perception ratings compare across different methods, particularly across differing levels of personalized detail in visualizations. This knowledge is essential to inform future decisions about the appropriate tradeoff between personalized realism and resource availability. The current study aimed to determine the impact of varying degrees of personalized realism on self-perception of body size. We explored this topic in young adult women, using a generalized line drawing scale, as well as several types of personalized avatars, including 3D textured images presented in immersive virtual reality (VR). Body perception ratings using generalized line drawings were often higher than responses using individualized visualization methods. While the personalized details seemed to help with identification, there were few differences among the three conditions containing different amounts of individualized realism (e.g., photo-realistic texture). These results suggest that using scales based on personalized texture and limb dimensions are beneficial, although presentation in immersive VR may not be essential.

scholarly journals Symptoms at lung cancer diagnosis are associated with major differences in prognosis

Thorax ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 73 (12) ◽  
pp. 1177-1181 ◽  
Author(s):  
Victoria L Athey ◽  
Stephen J Walters ◽  
Trevor K Rogers
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Lung Cancer ◽  
Cancer Diagnosis ◽  
Health Campaigns ◽  
Prognostic Variables ◽  
Lung Cancer Diagnosis ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Systemic Symptoms ◽  
Public Health Campaigns ◽  
Symptom Group

We report a cohort study of survival of patients with lung cancer presenting to a single multidisciplinary team between 1997 and 2011, according to symptoms at presentation. The overall median survival of the 3800 lung cases was 183 days (95% CI 171 to 195). There was a statistically significant difference in survival between the 12 symptom groups identified both without and with adjustment for the prognostic variables of age, gender and histology (P<0.001). Compared with the cough-alone symptom group, the risks of dying or HRs were significantly higher for the groups presenting with breathlessness (HR 1.86, 95% CI 1.54 to 2.24, n=359), systemic symptoms (HR 1.91, 95% CI 1.48 to 2.45, n=95), weight loss (HR 2.46, 95% CI 1.90 to 3.18, n=106), chest pain (HR 1.96, 95% CI 1.56 to 2.45, n=159), cough with breathlessness (HR 1.59 95% CI 1.28 to 1.98, n=177), neurological symptoms (HR 3.07, 95% CI 2.45 to 3.84, n=155) and other symptom combinations (HR 2.05, 95% CI 1.75 to 2.40, n=1963). Cough may deserve particular prominence in public health campaigns.

scholarly journals EXAMINATION OF THE INTEREST LEVEL IN MUSIC OF STUDENTS TAKING AMATEUR MUSIC EDUCATION IN TERMS OF VARIOUS VARIABLES

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (82) ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Music Education ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Negative Attitudes ◽  
Positive Attitudes ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Interest Level ◽  
Parametric Statistics ◽  
High Level ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Interest Levels

In this study, it is aimed to measure the interest levels of individuals who have attentive music education and to examine the relationship between the variables of "age, gender, family members who are engaged in music and performing in concert events". The study group of the study consisted of 100 students between the ages of 14-25 who took lessons in amateur music education institutions in Konya, Meram and Selçuklu districts and participated in the study voluntarily. As a means of collecting data, Okay et al. The "Interest in Music Scale" developed by (2015) was used. "Unrelated Sample t Test" and "One-Way Analysis of Variance" tests, which are among the parametric statistics, were used in analyzing the data. As a result of the study, it was found that the interest levels of the students receiving music education were low in the "negative attitudes towards playing instruments and going to concerts" dimension and high in the "positive attitudes towards playing instruments and going to concerts" dimension, and the interest levels of the students who received meticulous music education and the gender variable were found to be low. There is a significant difference in favor of female students, there is a significant difference between the "attitudes towards singing" dimension of the students who have attentive music education and their families' interest in music, that the students in the age group of 17-19 are more interested in listening to music than students in the 20-22 age group It has been concluded that it is at a high level. Keywords: Music education, amateur music education, interest in music

scholarly journals Predictors of a suicidal behavior in patients with dementia

2017 ◽  
Vol 41 (S1) ◽  
pp. S399-S399
Author(s):  
N. Maruta ◽  
I. Mudrenko
Keyword(s):  
Suicidal Behavior ◽  
Suicide Risk ◽  
Rating Scale ◽  
Cognitive Disorders ◽  
Severe Depression ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Self Awareness ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
High Level

IntroductionCognitive disorders are associated with a wide range of psychopathological syndromes and behavioral disorders, and suicidal manifestations in dementia are understudied nowadays.ObjectivesTo investigate clinical-psychopathological predictors of a suicidal behavior in patients with dementia.MethodologyForty-four patients with dementia were examined: 23 patients with suicidal manifestations and 21 patients without them (control group). Clinical and psychometrical methods were used: Mini Mental State Examination (MMSE) scale; Assessment of Suicide Risk scale; Hamilton Rating Scale for Depression (HDRS), and statistical ones.ResultsIt was determined that male patients with dementia had suicidal behavioral manifestations more often than female patients (69.6%; P < 0.05). An average age of the patients was 69.88 ± 1.85 years with no significant difference between the main and control groups.The majority of the patients with dementia (52.3%) had suicidal manifestations. Real suicidal intentions were the most frequent (25%; P < 0.05); 20.5% of patients expressed passive thoughts (anti-vital sentences, fantasies, ideas concerning death); 2 patients (6.82%; P < 0.05) had suicidal attempts. Patients with suicidal tendencies in their clinical picture more often had hallucinatory syndrome (39.1%; P < 0.05); features of severe depression (35.04 ± 1.54 points; P < 0.01); a high level of suicidal risk (26.34 ± 1.68 points; P < 0.01); a severe cognitive deficit (ММSE score 0–10); and a significantly lower level of self-awareness of death (18.53 ± 0.72 points; P < 0.05) in comparison with the control group.ConclusionsA high suicide risk in dementia correlated with a level of depressive symptoms (r = 0.6), moderate and/or severe grades of dementia (r = 0.45), and a low level of self-awareness of death (r = 0.35).Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.

scholarly journals Review on Drug Utilization Assessment of Cephalosporin

2021 ◽  
pp. 260-265
Author(s):  
Awais Ahmed Juno ◽  
Mirza Tasawer Baig ◽  
Aisha Jabeen ◽  
Shahzada Azam Khan ◽  
Saleem Ahmed Khoso ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Observational Studies ◽  
Antimicrobial Agents ◽  
Standard Of Living ◽  
Health Campaigns ◽  
Microbial Resistance ◽  
High Rise ◽  
Public Health Campaigns ◽  
High Level ◽  
Meta Analyses ◽  
Primary Healthcare Centers

Pediatric is the field of medicine that is concerned with the health of infants, children and adolescents. Globally, many infectious diseases have been controlled in the 20th century by improving People’s standard of living through public health campaigns and the use of various antimicrobial agents. Evidence suggests that the manner in which Primary Healthcare centers prescribe drugs has contributed to the high rise in Anti-Microbial Resistance (AMR). The extent of the resistance is determined by the site of antibiotic application and in this study oral usage of antibiotics was found to be the highest contributor to Anti-Microbial Resistance.  A systematic review of the published literature on the conduct and reporting of meta-analyses in observational studies was done using databases searched included MEDLINE, Educational Resources Information Center, PsycLIT (http://www.wesleyan.edu/libr), Google Scholar, EMBASE, International Pharmaceutical Abstracts and the Current Index to Statistics. It was concluded that most of the articles reported that cephalosporin were widely used antibiotics and therefore its use must be rational; to avoid its abuse which may result to high level of resistance.

scholarly journals Insatisfacción corporal en universitarios mexicanos deportistas y no deportistas (Body dissatisfaction in Mexican university athletes vs non-athletes)

Retos ◽  
2016 ◽  
pp. 168-170
Author(s):  
Luis Humberto Blanco Ornelas ◽  
José Leandro Tristán Rodríguez ◽  
Daniel Mayorga-Vega ◽  
Martha Ornelas Contreras
Keyword(s):  
Body Size ◽  
University Students ◽  
Quantitative Research ◽  
Rating Scale ◽  
Total Sample ◽  
Research Approach ◽  
Image Perception ◽  
Body Size Dissatisfaction ◽  
The One ◽  
Male University Students

El objetivo de esta investigación consistió en determinar las diferencias y similitudes entre universitarios mexicanos que practican un deporte de manera regular con los que no lo hacen, en cuanto a la percepción sobre su imagen corporal actual, ideal, social e inconformidad corporal. La muestra total fue de 661 hombres estudiantes universitarios de 18-33 años de edad; 372 de ellos practican algún deporte y participan regularmente en torneos o competencias deportivas. El abordaje adoptado en la investigación se enmarcó dentro de un enfoque cuantitativo con un diseño transversal de recogida de datos. Todos los participantes contestaron la Escala Informatizada para la Estimación del Contorno de la Figura (EIECF) adaptada e informatizada por Gastélum y Blanco (2006). Los resultados del análisis multivariante de la varianza, seguido por los análisis de varianza univariados, muestran que los universitarios que no participan de manera regular algún deporte son quienes eligen modelos más gruesos para su figura actual, ideal y social, además de mostrar mayor inconformidad corporal. Futuras investigaciones deberían replicar estos hallazgos en muestras más amplias.Abstract. The aim of this study was to determine differences and similarities in present, ideal, and social body image perception, as well as in body size dissatisfaction, between Mexican university students who practice a sport on a regular basis and those who do not practice any sport. A total sample of 661 male university students aged 18-33 years old participated in this study; 372 of them practiced a sport and participated regularly in sport competitions. A quantitative research approach with a transversal data collection design was used. All participants completed the Contour Drawing Rating Scale adapted and computerized by Gastélum and Blanco (2006). Results of the one-way multivariate analysis of variance, followed by the one-way univariate analyses of variance, showed that university students who do not regularly participate in sports display thicker models for their present, ideal and social figure. In addition, they demonstrate higher body size dissatisfaction. Further research should focus on confirming these outcomes with larger samples. 

Instructional Leadership Practices in Under-Enrolled Rural Schools in Miri, Sarawak

2021 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 165
Author(s):  
Andy Fred ◽  
Gurcharan Singh Bishen Singh
Keyword(s):  
Instructional Leadership ◽  
Rural Schools ◽  
Leadership Practices ◽  
Rating Scale ◽  
Three Dimensions ◽  
Survey Method ◽  
Mixed Method Research ◽  
Teachers Perceptions ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
High Level

This study focuses on teachers’ perceptions of their headmasters’ instructional leadership practices in under-enrolled rural schools of Sarawak, Malaysia. It also focuses on the issues and challenges faced by the headmasters in practicing instructional leadership roles as demanded by the Malaysia Education Blueprint 2013-2025. The mixed method research employed the Instructional Leadership Model by Hallinger and Murphy (1985). The quantitative data was collected through a survey method using ‘The Principal Instructional Management Rating Scale (PIMRS) adapted from Hallinger (2008) and analysed using descriptive and inferential statistics with SPSS IBM Version 22.0 software. The qualitative data from interviews were coded thematically and analysed to support the survey results. The study found the level of the headmasters’ instructional leadership in the three dimensions as “medium high” (mean = 3.57, SD = 0.90). There is a statistically significant difference between male and female teachers’ perceptions regarding their headmasters’ instructional leadership practices. This study also revealed the headmasters’ instructional leadership practices as “medium high” level among under-enrolled rural schools. However, the issues and challenges faced by the schools made it more difficult for them to improve their academic qualities.   Keywords: Instructional Leadership, Under-enrolled Schools, Rural Schools

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