scholarly journals Parental health risk perceptions and preventive measures related to Children’s second-hand cigarette smoke exposure in Malaysia

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Suria JUNUS ◽  
Chii-Chii CHEW ◽  
Pravin SUGUNAN ◽  
Nurul-Fazlin MEOR-AZIZ ◽  
Nurul Ain ZAINAL ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Perception ◽  
Risk Perceptions ◽  
Tertiary Education ◽  
Linear Regression Analysis ◽  
Risk Level ◽  
Cigarette Smoke Exposure ◽  
Smoking Restriction ◽  
Convenience Sample ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Shs Exposure

Abstract Background Secondhand smoke (SHS) exposure can affect physical development in children. An understanding of parental risk perception of SHS could guide efforts to develop measures for prevention of SHS exposure among children. This study aimed to assess parental risk perceptions of SHS and action taken by parents to minimise SHS exposure in their children. Methods This cross-sectional nationwide study conducted in 2018 recruited convenience sample of 289 parents with children up to age 12 at public areas. Parents were asked to rate the risk level from 1 (no risk) to 5 (extremely high risk) by looking at photographs of an adult smoking in the presence of a child in 8 different situations. The implementation of smoking restriction rules was assessed. Mean scores were calculated with higher scores representing higher risk perception of SHS to child’s health. Linear regression analysis was used to determine factors associated with the level of parental risk perception of SHS exposure to their children’s health. Results A total of 246 parents responded. Their mean age was 35 years (SD 6.4). The majority were mothers (75.6%), Malays (72.0%) and had tertiary education level (82.5%), and non-smoker (87.1%). The mean age of respondents’ youngest child was 3 years (SD 3.1). The risk perception level was high [mean scores: 4.11 (SD: 0.82)]. Most parents implemented household (65.0%) and car (68.3%) smoking restriction rules. Lower levels of risk perception were observed among participants who were current smokers (p < 0.001), lived with a smoker (p < 0.001), allowed household smoking with an open window (p = 0.027). Conclusion Most parents perceived that risks of SHS exposure to their children were high but only two-thirds of them had set rules prohibiting smoking. Health policymakers should pay attention to factors associated with lower risk perception among parents. Trial registration This study was approved by the Medical Research Ethics Committee, Ministry of Health Malaysia (Registration Number: NMRR-18-3299-44967).

scholarly journals Parental Health Risk Perceptions and Preventive Measures on Children’s Exposure to Secondhand Smoke (SHS) of Tobacco Cigarette in Malaysia: A Nationwide Study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Suria JUNUS ◽  
Chii-Chii CHEW ◽  
Pravin SUGUNAN ◽  
Nurul-Fazlin MEOR-AZIZ ◽  
Nurul Ain ZAINAL ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Perception ◽  
Secondhand Smoke ◽  
Risk Perceptions ◽  
Tertiary Education ◽  
Linear Regression Analysis ◽  
Risk Level ◽  
Smoking Restriction ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Nationwide Study ◽  
Shs Exposure

Abstract Background: Secondhand smoke (SHS) exposure can affect physical development in children. An understanding of parental risk perception of SHS aid in developing protectives measures to prevent children from SHS exposure. This study aimed to assess parental risk perceptions of SHS and action taken by parents in minimising their children from exposing to SHS.Methods: This cross-sectional nationwide study conducted in 2018 conveniently recruited 289 parents with children up to age 12 at the public areas. Parents were asked to rate the risk level from 1 (no risk) to 5 (extremely high risk) by looking at the photographs of an adult smoked in the presence of a child in 8 different situations. The implementation of smoking restriction rules was assessed. Mean score was calculated with higher scores represent higher risk of SHS to child’s health. Linear regression analysis was used to determine factors associated with the level of parental risk perception of SHS exposure to the children’s health.Results: A total of 246 parents responded. Their mean age was 35 years old (SD 6.4), majority were mothers (75.6%), Malays (72.0%), had tertiary education level (82.5%), and had a youngest child with mean age of 3 years (SD 3.1). The risk perception level was high [mean scores: 4.11 (SD: 0.82)]. Most parents implemented household (65.0%) and car (68.3%) smoking restriction rules. Negative risk perception level was observed among participants who were fathers with lower occupation class (p=0.005), lived with a smoker (p=0.023), allowed household smoking with open window (p=0.001), being a father and lived with a smoker (p=0.020), and mothers with managerial position while the fathers had a lower occupation class (p=0.038).Conclusion: Most parents perceived that risks of SHS exposure to their children was high but only two-thirds of them had set smoking prohibiting rules. Health policymaker should pay attention to tactors associated with negative risk perceptions among parents.Trial registration: This study is approved by Medical Research Ethics Committee, Ministry of Health Malaysia (Registration Number: NMRR-18-3299-44967).

scholarly journals Risk perception regarding the COVID-19 outbreak among the general population: a comparative Middle East survey

2020 ◽  
Vol 27 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mahmoud Abdel Hameed Shahin ◽  
Rasha Mohammed Hussien
Keyword(s):  
Risk Perception ◽  
General Population ◽  
Self Efficacy ◽  
Risk Perceptions ◽  
Preventive Measures ◽  
Public Awareness ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Convenience Sample ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Novel Coronavirus

Abstract Background People’s perceptions of pandemic-associated risk are key factors contributing to increased public participation in disease preventive measures. The aim of the study was to investigate risk perceptions regarding the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) outbreak, among the general population. A descriptive, cross-sectional design was used with a convenience sample of 723 participants, recruited from the general population of Saudi Arabia, Egypt, and Jordan. Data collection was performed using a standardized risk perception assessment questionnaire, in April 2020. Results The mean score for the perception of COVID-19 seriousness was significantly higher and the mean scores for the perception of disease susceptibility and extent of anxiety were also higher among Saudi Arabian participants than participants from Egypt and Jordan. Participants from Egypt had significantly lower mean scores for the perception of efficacy and self-efficacy to cope with COVID-19, and significantly lower intention to comply with COVID-19 precautionary measures than the other populations. A significant positive correlation was detected between the perception of COVID-19 seriousness and self-efficacy to handle COVID-19, for the entire sample. The primary reasons reported by participants driving their willingness to perform certain preventive measures against COVID-19 was a feeling of responsibility toward their own health, followed by preventing transmission to other people and the feeling that COVID-19 can be serious. Most of the study sample reported a desire to receive information about COVID-19 treatment, ways to prevent disease contraction, and the incubation period for the novel coronavirus. Also, most of the study sample reported that they prefer receiving COVID-19 updates from national authorities. Conclusions During the COVID-19 pandemic, communications designed to promote the adoption of preventive behaviors should focus on increasing the perception of seriousness, the risk perception, self-efficacy to cope with the COVID-19 pandemic, and the effectiveness of the adopted behavioral measures for reducing risk. Health education programs that are tailored to various sociodemographic categories, to improve public awareness, perceptions, and attitudes, are vital for increasing the adoption of outbreak preventive measures.

scholarly journals Analisis Faktor-Faktor Yang Berpengaruh Terhadap Keputusan Pembelian Secara Online di Website Tokopedia (Studi Kasus pada Mahasiswa di Universitas Islam Indonesia)

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 65-79
Author(s):  
Ardianto Kusuma
Keyword(s):  
Risk Perception ◽  
Service Quality ◽  
Risk Perceptions ◽  
Linear Regression Analysis ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Purchase Decisions ◽  
Significant Positive Effect ◽  
Purchasing Decisions ◽  
Online Purchase ◽  
Positive Effect

The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of trust, safety, service quality, and risk perception on online purchasing decisions. The population in this study are all consumers who have made purchases through online Tokopedia. The sampling technique in this study using purposive sampling. The requirements to be sampled in this study are those who have made purchases through online Tokopedia. In the sense that the sample is consumers who have made purchases through online Tokopedia within the Indonesian Islamic University students as many as 96 samples. The analytical tool used is Multiple Linear Regression Analysis. The results show that simultaneously the four variables of trust, security, service quality, and risk perception simultaneously have an influence on Online Purchase Decisions on the Tokopedia Website, partially trust has a significant positive effect on Online Purchase Decisions on the Tokopedia Website, partially security has a significant positive effect on Online Purchase Decisions on the Tokopedia Website, partially service quality has a significant positive effect on Online Purchasing Decisions on the Tokopedia Website, and partially risk perceptions have a significant positive effect on Online Purchasing Decisions on the Tokopedia Website  

scholarly journals Risk Perception and PTSD Symptoms of Medical Staff Combating Against COVID-19: A PLS Structural Equation Model

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qianlan Yin ◽  
Aibin Chen ◽  
Xiangrui Song ◽  
Guanhui Deng ◽  
Wei Dong
Keyword(s):  
Risk Perception ◽  
Sleep Quality ◽  
Perceived Stress ◽  
Mediation Analysis ◽  
Medical Staff ◽  
Risk Perceptions ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Mediating Effect ◽  
Risk Level ◽  
Ptsd Symptoms

Medical staff were battling against coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) at the expense of their physical and mental health, particularly at risk for posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). In this case, intervening PTSD of medical staff and preparing them for future outbreaks are important. Previous studies showed that perceived stress was related to the development of PTSD. Hence, in this study, the association between risk perception of medical staff and PTSD symptoms in COVID-19 and the potential links were explored. Three hundred four medical staff's exposure to COVID-19 patients, risk perception for working during COVID-19, PTSD symptoms, anxiety, and sleep quality were measured. Mediation analysis tested the indirect effects of anxiety and sleep quality on the relationship between risk perceptions and PTSD symptoms; 27.6% of participants were deemed as having probable PTSD diagnosis. Mediation analysis showed a significant chain-mediating effect of anxiety and sleep quality on the relationships between risk perceptions and PTSD symptoms; higher risk perceptions were related to increased anxiety, worsened sleep quality, and severe PTSD symptoms. Conclusively, medical staff have a high prevalence of PTSD symptoms after 3 months of COVID-19. Their PTSD symptoms were associated with the perceived risk level through the potential links with anxiety and sleep quality. Therefore, risk perception could be critical for our medical staff's responses to public health emergencies. It could be plausible to intervene in the perceived stress to alleviate aroused anxiety and improve sleep quality and thereby deter the development of PTSD.

scholarly journals Factors Associated with Increased Risk Perception of Pandemic Influenza in Australia

2010 ◽  
Vol 2010 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jennifer Jacobs ◽  
Melanie Taylor ◽  
Kingsley Agho ◽  
Garry Stevens ◽  
Margo Barr ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Perception ◽  
Pandemic Influenza ◽  
Risk Perceptions ◽  
Adult Population ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
High Concern ◽  
Demographic Subgroups ◽  
At Home

The aim of this study was to assess factors associated with increased risk perception of pandemic influenza in Australia. The sample consisted of 2081 Australian adults aged 16 years and older who completed a short three item pandemic influenza question module which was incorporated into the NSW Health Adult Population Health Survey during the first quarter of 2007. After adjusting for covariates, multivariate analysis indicated that those living in rural regions were significantly more likely to perceive a high risk that a pandemic influenza would occur, while those with poor self-rated health perceived both a high likelihood of pandemic and high concern that self/family would be directly affected were such an event to occur. Those who spoke a language other than English at home and those on low incomes and younger people (16–24 years) were significantly more likely to have changed the way they lived their lives due to the possibility of pandemic influenza, compared to those who spoke only English at home, middle-high income earners, and older age groups, respectively. This data provides an Australian population baseline against which the risk perceptions of demographic subgroups regarding the current, and potential future pandemics, can be compared and monitored.

Increased Awareness, Unchanged Behavior: Prediabetes Diagnosis in a Low-Income, Minority Population

2019 ◽  
Vol 45 (2) ◽  
pp. 203-213 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rachel J. Strodel ◽  
Claire H. Chang ◽  
Sonia G. Khurana ◽  
Anne W. Camp ◽  
Elizabeth A. Magenheimer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Perception ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Risk Perceptions ◽  
Community Health Center ◽  
Lifestyle Change ◽  
Lifestyle Changes ◽  
Minority Population ◽  
Preventive Behaviors ◽  
Waiting Room ◽  
Convenience Sample

Purpose The purpose of the study was to explore preventive behaviors and attitudes among mostly low-income, young Hispanic women with and without prediabetes. Methods In 2017, a convenience sample of women without diabetes aged 18 to 49 years (n = 214, 77.8% Hispanic) was recruited from the waiting room of a community health center to complete a 77-item questionnaire. Attitudes, risk perception, and recent lifestyle change were measured using a validated instrument, the Risk Perceptions Survey: Developing Diabetes. Chi-squared tests and multivariable binary logistic regression were conducted to assess the relationship between prediabetes diagnosis and attitude or lifestyle variables. Results Women diagnosed with prediabetes were more likely to report worry about diabetes and to perceive themselves at higher risk for developing diabetes in the next 10 years than women without a prior prediabetes diagnosis. There was no significant association between prediabetes diagnosis and recent adoption of lifestyle changes compared with those without prediabetes. After controlling for demographic characteristics and risk factors for type 2 diabetes, prediabetes diagnosis was significantly associated with elevated risk perception for developing diabetes if no lifestyle change is made but not with worry or risk perception for developing diabetes generally. Conclusions Prediabetes diagnosis is associated with heightened perception of diabetes risk but not lifestyle change compared to women without prediabetes in this low-income, predominantly Hispanic population. Prediabetes counseling efforts must emphasize evidence-based approaches for motivating preventive behaviors.

scholarly journals Public perceptions of Lyme disease and climate change in southern Manitoba, Canada: making a case for strategic decoupling of climate and health messages

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Laura Cameron ◽  
Rhéa Rocque ◽  
Kailey Penner ◽  
Ian Mauro
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Climate Change ◽  
Risk Perception ◽  
Lyme Disease ◽  
Risk Perceptions ◽  
Public Discourse ◽  
Behavioural Change ◽  
Health Messages ◽  
Urban Rural ◽  
Climate And Health

Abstract Background Despite scientific evidence that climate change has profound and far reaching implications for public health, translating this knowledge in a manner that supports citizen engagement, applied decision-making, and behavioural change can be challenging. This is especially true for complex vector-borne zoonotic diseases such as Lyme disease, a tick-borne disease which is increasing in range and impact across Canada and internationally in large part due to climate change. This exploratory research aims to better understand public risk perceptions of climate change and Lyme disease in order to increase engagement and motivate behavioural change. Methods A focus group study involving 61 participants was conducted in three communities in the Canadian Prairie province of Manitoba in 2019. Focus groups were segmented by urban, rural, and urban-rural geographies, and between participants with high and low levels of self-reported concern regarding climate change. Results Findings indicate a broad range of knowledge and risk perceptions on both climate change and Lyme disease, which seem to reflect the controversy and complexity of both issues in the larger public discourse. Participants in high climate concern groups were found to have greater climate change knowledge, higher perception of risk, and less skepticism than those in low concern groups. Participants outside of the urban centre were found to have more familiarity with ticks, Lyme disease, and preventative behaviours, identifying differential sources of resilience and vulnerability. Risk perceptions of climate change and Lyme disease were found to vary independently rather than correlate, meaning that high climate change risk perception did not necessarily indicate high Lyme disease risk perception and vice versa. Conclusions This research contributes to the growing literature framing climate change as a public health issue, and suggests that in certain cases climate and health messages might be framed in a way that strategically decouples the issue when addressing climate skeptical audiences. A model showing the potential relationship between Lyme disease and climate change perceptions is proposed, and implications for engagement on climate change health impacts are discussed.

Impact of risk aversion, reactance proneness and risk appraisal on travel destination risk perception

2021 ◽  
pp. 135676672098786
Author(s):  
Melvin Prince ◽  
Young Kim
Keyword(s):  
Risk Perception ◽  
Risk Aversion ◽  
Risk Perceptions ◽  
Structural Model ◽  
International Travel ◽  
Kuala Lumpur ◽  
Risk Appraisal ◽  
Travel Destination ◽  
The Past ◽  
Subjective Estimates

The aim of the study is to investigate the motivational effects of tourist traits and risk appraisal on tourist destination risk perception. Risk appraisal involves subjective estimates of vulnerability to a threat and the threat’s consequential severity. Fear levels influence both of these elements of risk appraisal. Individual differences in reactance proneness and risk aversion are introduced into the study model to more fully account for differences in travel destination risk perceptions. The study design involves US adults, who have used their passports for international travel in the past 5 years. Travel risk assessments were studied for four destination sites: London, Tokyo, Kuala Lumpur and Istanbul. A general structural model is developed to test hypotheses about antecedents and consequents of risk appraisal and destination risk perception.

scholarly journals Social Networks, Trust, and Disaster-Risk Perceptions of Rural Residents in a Multi-Disaster Environment: Evidence from Sichuan, China

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (4) ◽  
pp. 2106 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kaijing Xue ◽  
Shili Guo ◽  
Yi Liu ◽  
Shaoquan Liu ◽  
Dingde Xu
Keyword(s):  
Social Networks ◽  
Risk Perception ◽  
Self Efficacy ◽  
Risk Perceptions ◽  
Ordinary Least Squares ◽  
Disaster Risk ◽  
Mountainous Areas ◽  
Rural Residents ◽  
Response Efficacy ◽  
The Impact

Individual perception of disaster risk is not only the product of individual factors, but also the product of social interactions. However, few studies have empirically explored the correlations between rural residents’ flat social networks, trust in pyramidal channels, and disaster-risk perceptions. Taking Sichuan Province—a typical disaster-prone province in China—as an example and using data from 327 rural households in mountainous areas threatened by multiple disasters, this paper measured the level of participants’ disaster-risk perception in the four dimensions of possibility, threat, self-efficacy, and response efficacy. Then, the ordinary least squares method was applied to probe the correlations between social networks, trust, and residents’ disaster-risk perception. The results revealed four main findings. (1) Compared with scores relating to comprehensive disaster-risk perception, participants had lower perception scores relating to possibility and threat, and higher perception scores relating to self-efficacy and response efficacy. (2) The carrier characteristics of their social networks significantly affected rural residents’ perceived levels of disaster risk, while the background characteristics did not. (3) Different dimensions of trust had distinct effects on rural residents’ disaster-risk perceptions. (4) Compared with social network variables, trust was more closely related to the perceived level of disaster risks, which was especially reflected in the impact on self-efficacy, response efficacy, and comprehensive perception. The findings of this study deepen understanding of the relationship between social networks, trust, and disaster-risk perceptions of rural residents in mountainous areas threatened by multiple disasters, providing enlightenment for building resilient disaster-prevention systems in the community.

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