scholarly journals Late-onset or chronic overweight/obesity predicts low self-esteem in early adolescence: a longitudinal cohort study

2022 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Wei Jie Gong ◽  
Daniel Yee Tak Fong ◽  
Man Ping Wang ◽  
Tai Hing Lam ◽  
Thomas Wai Hung Chung ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hong Kong ◽  
Early Onset ◽  
Weight Status ◽  
Late Onset ◽  
Growth Mixture Modeling ◽  
Self Esteem ◽  
Normal Weight ◽  
Social Self ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Academic School

Abstract Background How weight status changes with time may affect self-esteem was seldom studied. We identified the distinct trajectories of overweight/obesity over age and assessed their associations with different domains of self-esteem in Hong Kong Chinese children. Methods Territory-wide longitudinal data of 48,558 children (girls: 50.0%; 6.3 ± 0.51 years) studying Primary 1 in the academic cohorts of 1995/96 and 1996/97 followed till Primary 6 were obtained from the Student Health Service of Hong Kong. Weight was annually measured and categorized as underweight/normal and overweight/obese and self-esteem was measured in Primary 6. Distinct trajectories of weight status were first identified using growth mixture modeling and their associations with low self-esteem were assessed by logistic regression. Results Four distinct overweight/obesity trajectories were identified: never (76.8%), late-onset (8.1%), early-onset (4.2%) and chronic (10.9%) overweight/obesity. Compared with children who were never overweight/obese, more of those in the late-onset or chronic overweight/obesity group showed low self-esteem and specific domains including general, social and academic/school-related (adjusted odds ratios: 1.20 - 1.43, all P < 0.001) except parent/home-related self-esteem (P = 0.36), whereas children being in the early-onset overweight/obesity group showed no significant difference (P ≥ 0.53) except a lower risk of low social self-esteem (adjusted odds ratio = 0.82, P = 0.03). Conclusions Late-onset or chronic overweight/obesity predicted low general, social and academic/school-related self-esteem. Children who successfully reduced weight may have equal levels of self-esteem or even better social self-esteem than those being always underweight/normal weight. Overweight/obese children had a vulnerability to self-esteem in non-domestic environments.

scholarly journals Preliminary Evidence of Children’s Weight Gain From 5 Months of Home Quarantine During the COVID-19 Pandemic

2021 ◽  
pp. 155982762110066
Author(s):  
Keith Brazendale ◽  
Jeanette Garcia ◽  
Ethan T. Hunt ◽  
Michael Blankenship ◽  
Daniel Eisenstein ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Weight Status ◽  
Preventive Measures ◽  
Preliminary Evidence ◽  
Normal Weight ◽  
Preventative Measures ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Weight Data ◽  
Overweight Or Obesity

Purpose. Preventive measures to curtail the spread of the Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19)—such as home quarantine, closure of schools/programs—are necessary, yet the impact of these restrictions on children’s weight status is unknown. The purpose of this case report was to investigate changes in children’s body mass index (BMI) and zBMI during COVID-19 quarantine. Methods. Children had their heights and weights recorded early March 2020 (pre-COVID-19) and 5 months later (early August 2020). Paired sample t tests examined changes in BMI and zBMI from baseline to follow-up. Results. Twenty-nine children (62% female; mean age 9.3 years; 27.5% with overweight or obesity) provided height and weight data at both time points. There was a significant difference in pre-COVID-19 BMI (mean [M] = 20.1, standard deviation [SD] = 6.0) and follow-up BMI (M = 20.7, SD = 6.4); t(57) = −3.8, P < .001, and pre-COVID-19 zBMI (M = 0.8, SD = 0.9) and follow-up zBMI (M = 0.9, SD = 0.9); t(57) = -3.1, P = .003. Five of the 29 children moved from normal weight to overweight (n = 4) or obese (n = 1) during 5 months of quarantine. Conclusions. Preliminary evidence shows most children increased their BMI and zBMI values from pre-COVID-19 assessment to the follow-up assessment, 5 months later. These initial findings identify potential incidental negative health consequences of children as a result of COVID-19 preventative measures such as home quarantine.

scholarly journals Maternofetal outcomes in early versus late onset pre-eclampsia: a comparative study

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 548
Author(s):  
Poornima Shankar ◽  
Kavitha Karthikeyan ◽  
Amrita Priscilla Nalini ◽  
Sindhura M. ◽  
Gowtham Kim
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Gestational Age ◽  
Early Onset ◽  
Age Of Onset ◽  
Late Onset ◽  
Fetal Outcomes ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Onset Type ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Early Onset Preeclampsia

Background: Preeclampsia is being increasingly recognized as two different entities: early-onset preeclampsia occurring at less than 34 weeks of gestation, and late-onset disease occurring at 34 or more weeks of gestation. Early-onset and late-onset pre-eclampsia are found to have different implications for the mother and neonate. The aim of this study is to compare the risk factors, maternal and fetal outcomes in early (<34 weeks) versus late (≥34weeks) onset preeclampsia.Methods: 208 patients diagnosed with pre-eclampsia in Chettinad Academy of Research and Education over a period of three years (From January 2014 to December 2016) were retrospectively studied. Patients were classified as early onset and late onset pre-eclampsia based on the gestational age of onset. Data on risk factors, maternal and fetal outcomes were collected and analyzed using Chi Square and Fisher’s test and compared.Results: The overall preeclampsia rate was 6.3%. Early onset and late onset were 34.6% and 65.3% respectively and the rate increased with increasing gestational age.35.3% of patients with late onset preeclampsia and 55.6% patients of early onset type required more than one drug which is a statistically significant difference. Proteinuria more than 3gm/l/day was significantly more in late onset preeclampsia than in early onset preeclampsia. 55.5% of patients with early onset pre-eclampsia required MgSO4 when compared to 17.4%. There was no statistically significant difference in the rate of caesarean section (61.1% vs 73.5%). Altered coagulation profile was significantly more in early onset preeclampsia (11.1%). The incidence of oligohydramnios, SGA and low APGAR at 5 minutes of birth were significantly high in early onset pre-eclampsia when compared to late onset type.Conclusions: Patients with early onset pre-eclampsia are found to have significantly higher rates of specific maternal and fetal morbidity when compared to the late onset type.

scholarly journals The Effectiveness of Sandplay Therapy to Improve Students’ Self-Esteem: A Preliminary Study in Brunei Darul Salam

2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 23
Author(s):  
Azizi Yahaya ◽  
Ismail Maakip ◽  
Peter Voo ◽  
Sharon Kwan Sam Mee ◽  
Khairiah Hanna Kifli
Keyword(s):  
Self Esteem ◽  
Repeated Measure ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Social Self ◽  
Sandplay Therapy ◽  
Brunei Darussalam ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Main Effect ◽  
Post Test ◽  
Experimental Group

Purpose: This research was conducted to identify the effectiveness of sandplay therapy to improve students&rsquo; self-esteem among students. Methods: The sample was 16 students for experimental group, who received sandplay therapy, in comparison to the 16 students from control group who did not receive any treatment intervention. The instrument used in this research was Self-Esteem Inventory developed by Coopersmith. Data were analyzed using SPSS version 22 using Manova Repeated Measure Method, pre-test and post-test instruments. Results: The results from multivariate Pillai&rsquo;s Trace test shows the main effect of the sandplay therapy from the post-test is significant F (5, 11) = 41.372, p&lt;.05. The univariate shows that there is significant difference of the sandplay therapy to the general self-esteem F (1, 15) = 49.853 &alpha;&lt;.05, social self-esteem F (1, 15) = 63.646 &alpha;&lt;.05, parental self-esteem F (1, 15) = 82.924 &alpha;&lt;.05 and academic self-esteem F (1, 15) = 80.071 &alpha;&lt;.05. Conclusions: Sandplay therapy can be used in school to help students improve their self-esteem. Given this, one of the issues relating to adolescents is low self-esteem. Therefore, by applying sandplay therapy can minimize the issue surrounding low self-esteem among adolescents particularly in Brunei Darussalam However, since limited study on the usage of this kind of therapy, it is suggested that further study on the applicability of this therapy should be conducted.

scholarly journals Preeclampsia and Keap1 (rs11085735) variants and lncRNA MEG3 methylation status: Association with lncRNA MEG3 hypermethylation

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maryam Zangeneh ◽  
Sara Heydarian ◽  
Zahra Seifi ◽  
Maryam Kohsari ◽  
Zohreh Rahimi
Keyword(s):  
Total Bilirubin ◽  
Late Onset ◽  
Methylation Status ◽  
Normal Pregnancy ◽  
Severe Form ◽  
Normal Weight ◽  
Non Coding Rna ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Long Non Coding Rna

Abstract Background. Preeclampsia (PE) is one of the complications of pregnancy. Genetic and epigenetic mechanisms are involved in the preeclampsia pathophysiology. The aims of present study were to investigate the role of Keap1 (rs11085735) variants and the methylation status of long non-coding RNA-maternally expressed gene 3 (lncRNA MEG3) in the pathogenesis of PE in a population from Western Iran with Kurdish ethnic background.Results. There was no significant difference in the frequency of Keap1 genotypes comparing 75 patients with PE and 75 women with normal pregnancy. The frequencies of hemi methylated and full methylated lnc-MEG3 were 94 and 6% (P=0.04), respectively in all patients (50 women), 86.4, and 13.6% (P=0.04), respectively in patients with severe preeclampsia and 98 and 0% in controls (50 women). The frequency of full methylated lnc-MEG3 was 14.3% in early-onset and 2.8% in late-onset preeclampsia (P=0.12). The frequency of full methylated lnc-MEG3 was higher in patients with BMI >25 kg/m2 compared to normal weight patients. The PE patients had significantly higher levels of liver biomarkers (alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, alkaline phosphatase, and total bilirubin) and significantly lower platelet count than healthy pregnant women. Conclusions. Hypermethylation status of lnc-MEG3 increased in patients with PE compared to controls that could be contributed in the pathogenesis and development of preeclampsia and its severe form. However, Keap1 variants might not be involved in the pathogenesis of preeclampsia.

scholarly journals Differences in levelFms-Like Tyrosine Kinase-1 (sFlt-1), soluble Endoglin (s-Eng), and Placental Growth Factor (PIGF) between Early Onset Preeclampsia and Late Onset Preeclampsia

2018 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 11
Author(s):  
Lita Nafratilova ◽  
Yusrawati Yusrawati ◽  
Irza Wahi
Keyword(s):  
Early Onset ◽  
Late Onset ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Intrinsic Factors ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Cross Sectional Design ◽  
Early Onset Preeclampsia

Early Onset Preeclampsia (EO-PE) is preeclampsia that develops before 34 weeks 'gestation, caused by intrinsic factors, while Late Onset Preeclampsia (LO-PE) is preeclampsia that develops after 34 weeks' gestation due to extrinsic and maternal factors. There is an increased production of antiangiogenic factors (sFlt-1, s-Eng and PIGF) contribute to pathophysiology of preeclampsia.This study aims to measure the difference of sFlt-1, sEng, PIGF levels between EO-PE and LO-PE. This was an observational study with cross sectional design conducted at Dr. M. Djamil, TK Hospital. III dr. Reksodiwiryo and Biomedical Laboratory FK Unand Padang from August 2017 to August 2018. The sample of this study were 26 severe preeclampsia women : 13 (EO-PE)  and 13 (LO-PE), selected using consecutive sampling. Levels of sFlt-1, sEng, PIGF were examined using the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) method. Statistical analysis was performed using unpaired t test and Mann-Whitney Test. Results shown that serum levels of sFlt-1 and sEng in (EO-PE)  were 9.51 ± 0.71 ng / L, 1.44 ± 0.06 ng / mL, 5.79 ± 0.42 ng / mL while in PEAL it was 8, 89 ± 0.78 ng / mL, 1.35 ± 0.14 ng / mL, 6.72 ± 0.76. There were a significant difference with a value of p <0.05. The conclusion of this study is that the levels of sFlt-1 and sEng are higher in (EO-PE)  than(LO-PE)and PIGF levels was lower in (EO-PE) compared to (LO-PE)

scholarly journals ANALYSIS OF THE ASSOCIATION OF BRONCHIAL ASTHMA CLINICAL COURSE WITH Arg16Gly POLYMORPHIC VARIANT IN THE β2-ADRENOCEPTOR GENE

2021 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 70-76
Author(s):  
V.V. Kachkovska ◽  
L.N. Prystupa
Keyword(s):  
Bronchial Asthma ◽  
Early Onset ◽  
Clinical Course ◽  
Age Of Onset ◽  
Late Onset ◽  
Asthma Severity ◽  
Polymorphic Variant ◽  
Genotype Distribution ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Arg16gly Polymorphism

Relevance. The relevance of the study of Arg16Gly polymorphism of the β2-adrenoceptor (β2-AR) gene is due to the fact that a number of studies have proven its role in the development of bronchial asthma (BA), bronchial hyperactivity, the effectiveness of basic treatment. However, these associations show low reproducibility in various studies, so the question of the possibility of clinical application of the results of genetic testing for Arg16Gly polymorphic variant of the β2-AR gene remains unanswered. The main reasons why the clinical significance of this polymorphism is not confirmed in various studies are - population heterogeneity, insufficient sample size, improper characterization of comparison groups. Objective: to study the association of Arg16Gly polymorphism in the β2-adrenoceptor gene with BA clinical course taking into account the age of onset. Materials and methods. We examined 553 BA patients (group I included 282 patients with late-onset asthma and group II included 271 patients with early-onset asthma) and 95 apparently healthy individuals. The study has been approved by the Bioethics Committee of Medical Institute of Sumy State University. Arg16Gly polymorphism in the β2-АR gene (rs1042713) was determined using polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis. Statistical analysis of obtained results was performed using SPSS–17 program. Results. There was no significant difference in the distribution of genotypes for Arg16Gly polymorphism in the β2-AR gene depending on asthma severity with no regard for the age of onset (χ2 = 5.14; p = 0.27). With regard for the age of onset, we found out that early-onset BA was linked to a difference in genotype distribution for this polymorphic variant in patients with severe and non-severe course (χ2 = 14.76; р = 0.001). The frequency of Gly/Gly genotype was higher in patients with severe course (41.4%) as compared to patients with mild course (16.4%), while the frequency of Arg/Arg (32.9%) and Arg/Gly (50.7%) genotypes was higher in patients with mild asthma as compared to patients with severe course (24.3% and 34.3%). There was no significant difference in the distribution of genotypes in patients with late-onset asthma with regard to course severity (χ2 = 4.94; p = 0.084). The relative risk of severe course for early-onset asthma was 3.84 times higher (95% CI 2.11–7.36; p = 0.001) in the recessive model, 2.58 times higher (95% CI 1.53–4,37, p = 0.001) in the dominant model, and 2.16 times (95% CI 1.56–3.04) higher in the additive model. In patients with late-onset asthma, no association was found in all models. Conclusions. There was no significant difference in the distribution of genotypes for Arg16Gly polymorphism in the β2-AR gene depending on asthma severity with no regard for the age of onset. When adjusted for the age of onset, the analysis revealed a difference in genotype distribution for this polymorphic variant in patients with severe and non-severe course having early-onset BA (р = 0.001). The frequency of Gly/Gly genotype was higher in patients with severe course as compared to patients with mild course. For patients with late-onset asthma, no differences were found (p = 0.084). Heterozygous and homozygous Gly allele carriers have a higher risk of early-onset asthma only.

Clinical and Laboratory Differences Between Early-Onset and Late-Onset Adult Atopic Dermatitis

2020 ◽  
Vol 24 (4) ◽  
pp. 360-366
Author(s):  
Dae-Lyong Ha ◽  
Geun-Hwi Park ◽  
Hoon-Soo Kim ◽  
Hyun-Chang Ko ◽  
Moon-Bum Kim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Atopic Dermatitis ◽  
Early Onset ◽  
Age Of Onset ◽  
Late Onset ◽  
Severity Index ◽  
Total Serum ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
First Onset ◽  
Onset Group ◽  
Early Onset Group

Background Atopic dermatitis (AD) in adults is not uncommon, and its prevalence has been increasing in the recent decades. However, there is a paucity of data about the differences between early-onset and late-onset adult AD. Objective The objective of this study is to investigate the clinical and laboratory characteristics of adult AD, focusing on the differences between early-onset and late-onset adult AD. Methods We retrospectively reviewed the medical records and clinical photos of 214 adult AD patients (≥18 years of age) over a 3-year period. We classified the patients into 2 groups: early-onset (first onset of AD before 12 years of age) and late-onset (first onset of AD at 12 years of age or later). Results Among 214 patients, 151 patients (70.6%) belonged to the early-onset group (mean age 24.5 years), while 63 patients belonged to the late-onset group (mean age 29.5 years). An association with allergic asthma or rhinitis, a family history of atopic disease, elevated total serum IgE, and sensitivity to food allergens were more commonly seen in the early-onset group. The late-onset group had a significant likelihood of nonflexural involvement (38.1% vs 13.2%). There was no significant difference in the mean eczema area severity index score, eosinophil count, and sensitivity to aeroallergens between 2 groups. Conclusion Adult AD shows different clinical and laboratory characteristics depending on the age of onset. This study could help to create awareness about the heterogeneity of AD in adulthood and encourage further studies on clinical outcomes and different therapeutic methods depending on the age of onset.

scholarly journals Examining Energy Expenditure in Youth Using XBOX Kinect: Differences by Player Mode

2016 ◽  
Vol 13 (s1) ◽  
pp. S41-S43 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jourdin Barkman ◽  
Karin Pfeiffer ◽  
Allie Diltz ◽  
Wei Peng
Keyword(s):  
Energy Expenditure ◽  
Repeated Measures ◽  
Weight Status ◽  
Intervention Strategy ◽  
Normal Weight ◽  
Personal Factors ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Xbox Kinect ◽  
Group Sex ◽  
New Generation

Background:Replacing sedentary time with physical activity through new generation exergames (eg, XBOX Kinect) is a potential intervention strategy. The study’s purpose was to compare youth energy expenditure while playing different exergames in single- vs. multiplayer mode.Methods:Participants (26 male, 14 female) were 10 to 13 years old. They wore a portable metabolic analyzer while playing 4 XBOX Kinect games for 15 minutes each (2 single-, 2 multiplayer). Repeated-measures ANOVA (with Bonferroni correction) was used to examine player mode differences, controlling for age group, sex, weight status, and game.Results:There was a significant difference in energy expenditure between single player (mean = 15.4 ml/kg/min, SD = 4.5) and multiplayer mode (mean = 16.8 ml/kg/min, SD = 4.7). Overweight and obese participants (mean = 13.7 ml/kg/min, SD = 4.2) expended less energy than normal weight (mean = 17.8 ml/kg/min, SD = 4.5) during multiplayer mode (d = 0.93).Conclusion:Player mode, along with personal factors such as weight status, may be important to consider in energy expenditure during exergames.

scholarly journals Antimicrobial Susceptibility among Pathogens Isolated in Early- versus Late-Onset Ventilator-Associated Pneumonia

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 401-410
Author(s):  
Hend Ben Lakhal ◽  
Aymen M’Rad ◽  
Thierry Naas ◽  
Nozha Brahmi
Keyword(s):  
Early Onset ◽  
Bacterial Culture ◽  
Late Onset ◽  
Multidrug Resistant ◽  
First Episode ◽  
High Morbidity ◽  
Ventilator Associated Pneumonia ◽  
Bacterial Isolates ◽  
Positive Bacterial Culture ◽  
Significant Difference

Ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP) is associated with increased hospital stay and high morbidity and mortality in critically ill patients. The aims of this study were to (i) determine the incidence of multidrug-resistant (MDR) pathogens in the first episodes of VAP and to assess potential differences in bacterial profiles of subjects with early- versus late-onset VAP. This was a retrospective cohort study over a period of 18 months including all patients who had a first episode of VAP confirmed by positive bacterial culture. Subjects were distributed into two groups according to the number of intubation days: early-onset VAP (<5 days) or late-onset VAP (≥5 days). The primary endpoint was the nature of causative pathogens and their resistance profiles. Sixty patients were included, 29 men and 31 women, with an average age of 38 ± 16 years. The IGS 2 at admission was 40.5 [32–44] and APACHE was 19 [15–22]. Monomicrobial infections were diagnosed in 77% of patients (n = 46). The most frequently isolated bacteria were A. baumannii, 53% (n = 32); P. aeruginosa in 37% (n = 22); Enterobacterales in 28% (n = 17) and S. aureus in 5% (n = 3). Ninety-seven percent of the bacteria were MDR. The VAP group comprised 36 (60%) episodes of early-onset VAP and 24 (40%) episodes of late-onset VAP. There was no significant difference in the distribution of the bacterial isolates, nor in terms of antibacterial resistances between early- and late-onset VAPs. Our data support recent observations that there is no microbiological difference in the prevalence of potential MDR pathogens or in their resistance profiles associated with early- versus late-onset VAPs, especially in countries with high rates of MDR bacteria.

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