Oral and dental manifestations of celiac disease in children: a case–control study

Abstract Background Celiac disease (CD) is an immune-mediated enteropathy. CD may also involve complications with the oral cavity, which can result in various dental and oral pathologies. There are currently a limited number of studies on the oral manifestation of CD. This study aims to compare the oral manifestations of children with CD against healthy controls in Saudi Arabia. Materials and methods This study includes 208 children aged 6–14 years, distributed equally into CD patients and healthy controls. A parent completed and validated the interview questionnaire, which included the child's personal information and medical history. A dental examination was undertaken to measure possible recurrent aphthous stomatitis (RAS), dental enamel defects (DEDs), dental caries experience, and dental malocclusion. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and bivariate and multivariate analysis. Results Two hundred and eight participants were included (104 CD patients and 104 controls). The mean age for CD patients was 10.67 ± 2.39 years and 10.69 ± 2.36 for the healthy controls. CD children had more RAS than controls (42.3% vs. 15.4%, P < 0.001) (OR = 4.03, 95% CI = 2.09–7.81) and more DEDs than healthy controls (70.2% vs. 34.6%, P < 0.001) (OR = 4.45, 95% CI = 2.48–7.97). No significant difference was found in the frequency of malocclusion between cases and controls. Conclusion Saudi Arabian children with CD had a greater number of clinical findings of RAS and DEDs than healthy controls. Pediatric dentists should consider the possibility of CD in child patients presenting with RAS or DEDs.

Download Full-text

The impact of histopathological celiac disease activity on dental enamel defects and dental caries

Journal of Baghdad College of Dentistry ◽

10.26477/jbcd.v32i1.2758 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 32 (1) ◽

pp. 51-56

Author(s):

Zainab Q Al-Obaidi ◽

Nada J Radhi

Keyword(s):

Celiac Disease ◽

Dental Caries ◽

Disease Activity ◽

Villous Atrophy ◽

Dental Enamel ◽

Permanent Teeth ◽

Caries Experience ◽

Entire Body ◽

Enamel Defects ◽

The Impact

Background: Celiac disease is an autoimmune chronic disease that affects the human’s intestine and subsequently reflects its effect on the entire body health by retardation the absorption and immune mediated complications cause the involvement of oral health. The present study intended to evaluate the impact of the histopathological disease activity upon dental enamel defects and dental caries. Subjects and methods: Forty celiac-diseased patients aged 7-11 years were collected from 3 different teaching hospitals in Baghdad classified by means of the histopathological activity of the intestinal disease according to modified Marsh-Rostami classification. Dental enamel defects were measured by Aine’s classification, while dental caries experience and severity were measured using d1-4mfs/t and D1-4MFS/T. Results: The majority of the sample came with partial villous atrophy of the small intestine (Marsh III-a) and almost half of the sample were with no celiac disease specific dental enamel defects (Aine’s 0), while Aine’s I was the most predominant than Aine’s II. Most missed surfaces due to dental caries in permanent teeth came with Marsh II. Conclusion: The more the severity of celiac disease histopathological activity the more the severity of celiac specific dental enamel defects and the less experienced dental caries. Keywords: Celiac disease, histopathological activity, dental enamel defects, dental caries.

Download Full-text

Thymic stromal lymphopoietin levels are increased in patients with celiac disease

Bosnian Journal of Basic Medical Sciences ◽

10.17305/bjbms.2019.4016 ◽

2019 ◽

Author(s):

Evrim Kahramanoğlu Aksoy ◽

Muhammet Yener Akpınar ◽

Ferdane Pirinççi Sapmaz ◽

Özlem Doğan ◽

Metin Uzman ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Celiac Disease ◽

Disease Duration ◽

Demographic Characteristics ◽

Thymic Stromal Lymphopoietin ◽

Healthy Controls ◽

Gluten Free ◽

Newly Diagnosed ◽

Median Serum ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Gastroenterology Outpatient Clinic

Thymic stromal lymphopoietin (TSLP) is a cytokine produced by epithelial cells in the lungs, skin and intestinal mucosa, and is involved in several physiological and pathological processes. In this study, we evaluated serum TSLP levels in patients with celiac disease (CD). The prospective study was conducted at a gastroenterology outpatient clinic between March 2018 and August 2018. Eighty-nine participants aged between 18 and 75 years were classified into following groups: 22 patients with newly diagnosed CD; 20 patients with CD who were compliant with a gluten-free diet (GFD); 32 patients with CD who were not compliant with a GFD; and 15 healthy controls. Demographic characteristics, disease duration, and selected biochemical and hematologic parameters were recorded and compared between groups. Median serum TSLP levels were 1193.65 pg/mL (range: 480.1–1547.1) in newly diagnosed CD patients, 110.25 pg/mL (range: 60.3–216.7) in CD patients who were compliant with a GFD, 113.1 pg/mL (range: 76.3–303.4) in CD patients who were not compliant with a GFD, and 57 pg/mL (range: 49–67.8) in healthy controls. Overall, there was a significant difference in serum TSLP levels between groups (p = 0.001). Patients with newly diagnosed CD had the highest serum TSLP levels. There was no significant difference in serum TSLP levels between patients with CD who were or were not compliant with a GFD. TSLP appears to be involved in the pathogenesis of CD. Further studies are required to determine if the TSLP signaling pathway can be used in the treatment of CD.

Download Full-text

Preserved central cholinergic functioning to transcranial magnetic stimulation in de novo patients with celiac disease

PLoS ONE ◽

10.1371/journal.pone.0261373 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 16 (12) ◽

pp. e0261373

Author(s):

Giuseppe Lanza ◽

Francesco Fisicaro ◽

Carmela Cinzia D’Agate ◽

Raffaele Ferri ◽

Mariagiovanna Cantone ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Celiac Disease ◽

Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation ◽

Magnetic Stimulation ◽

De Novo ◽

Systemic Disease ◽

Conduction Time ◽

Healthy Controls ◽

Resting Motor Threshold ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Interstimulus Intervals

Background Celiac disease (CD) is now viewed as a systemic disease with multifaceted clinical manifestations. Among the extra-intestinal features, neurological and neuropsychiatric symptoms are still a diagnostic challenge, since they can precede or follow the diagnosis of CD. In particular, it is well known that some adults with CD may complain of cognitive symptoms, that improve when the gluten-free diet (GFD) is started, although they may re-appear after incidental gluten intake. Among the neurophysiological techniques, motor evoked potentials (MEPs) to transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) can non-invasively probe in vivo the excitation state of cortical areas and cortico-spinal conductivity, being also able to unveil preclinical impairment in several neurological and psychiatric disorders, as well as in some systemic diseases affecting the central nervous system (CNS), such as CD. We previously demonstrated an intracortical disinhibition and hyperfacilitation of MEP responses to TMS in newly diagnosed patients. However, no data are available on the central cholinergic functioning indexed by specific TMS measures, such as the short-latency afferent inhibition (SAI), which might represent the neurophysiological correlate of cognitive changes in CD patients, also at the preclinical level. Methods Cognitive and depressive symptoms were screened by means of the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) and the 17-item Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HDRS), respectively, in 15 consecutive de novo CD patients and 15 healthy controls. All patients were on normal diet at the time of the enrolment. Brain computed tomography (CT) was performed in all patients. SAI, recorded at two interstimulus intervals (2 and 8 ms), was assessed as the percentage amplitude ratio between the conditioned and the unconditioned MEP response. Resting motor threshold, MEP amplitude and latency, and central motor conduction time were also measured. Results The two groups were comparable for age, sex, anthropometric features, and educational level. Brain CT ruled out intracranial calcifications and clear radiological abnormalities in all patients. Scores at MoCA and HDRS were significantly worse in patients than in controls. The comparison of TMS data between the two groups revealed no statistically significant difference for all measures, including SAI at both interstimulus intervals. Conclusions Central cholinergic functioning explored by the SAI of the motor cortex resulted to be not affected in these de novo CD patients compared to age-matched healthy controls. Although the statistically significant difference in MoCA, an overt cognitive impairment was not clinically evident in CD patients. Coherently, to date, no study based on TMS or other diagnostic techniques has shown any involvement of the central acetylcholine or the cholinergic fibers within the CNS in CD. This finding might add support to the vascular inflammation hypothesis underlying the so-called “gluten encephalopathy”, which seems to be due to an aetiology different from that of the cholinergic dysfunction. Longitudinal studies correlating clinical, TMS, and neuroimaging data, both before and after GFD, are needed.

Download Full-text

Analysis of Earlier Temporomandibular Joint Disorders in JIA Patients: A Clinical Report

Healthcare ◽

10.3390/healthcare9091140 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 9 (9) ◽

pp. 1140

Author(s):

Alessandro Polizzi ◽

Vincenzo Quinzi ◽

Simona Santonocito ◽

Giuseppe Palazzo ◽

Giuseppe Marzo ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Structural Characteristics ◽

Mouth Opening ◽

Test Group ◽

Clinical Findings ◽

Temporomandibular Joint Disorders ◽

Clinical Report ◽

Healthy Controls ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Maximal Mouth Opening ◽

Duration Of Disease

The aim of this study was to analyse the structural characteristics of the temporo-mandibular joint (TMJ) and the dysfunctional consequences induced by disease in subjects with juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA). The study was conducted in 25 patients with JIA (median age (IQR), 13.9 (10.9–15.3)) and 26 healthy controls (median age (IQR), 14.3 (11.6–17.2)) years. All enrolled patients were subjected to anamnestic evaluation, laboratory parameters, JIA subclass, and type of therapy for the disease. A clinical-gnathological evaluation, anamnestic and dysfunctional index (Ai and Di), and magnetic resonance imaging of TMJs were performed in all patients. The test group showed a significant reduction (p < 0.001) regarding the clinical findings such as maximal mouth opening, left and rightward laterotrusion and protrusion, and a significant difference in the reported symptoms (TMJ sounds, reduced mouth opening and pain), and Ai and Di (p < 0.001) compared to healthy patients. Correlation analysis showed a significant correlation between the median duration of disease and the maximum mouth opening and between visual analogue scale (VAS) score and maximum mouth opening, leftward laterotrusion, rightward laterotrusion, and protrusion. The results obtained in this study suggest that patients with JIA presented a cohort of symptoms in TMJs in comparison with healthy controls. Moreover, a careful TMJs evaluation and an early diagnosis of TMJs dysfunction and regular follow-ups are recommended in order to prevent and reduce functional and chewing problems in patients with JIA.

Download Full-text

Children Developing Celiac Disease Have a Distinct and Proinflammatory Gut Microbiota in the First 5 Years of Life

10.1101/2020.02.29.971242 ◽

2020 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Qian Huang ◽

Yi Yang ◽

Vladimir Tolstikov ◽

Michael A. Kiebish ◽

Jonas F Ludvigsson ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Celiac Disease ◽

Gut Microbiota ◽

Intestinal Inflammation ◽

Plasma Metabolites ◽

List Type ◽

Healthy Controls ◽

Microbiota Composition ◽

Immune Mediated ◽

Gut Microbiota Composition

ABSTRACTObjectiveCeliac disease (CD) is an immune-mediated disease characterized by small intestinal inflammation. CD is associated with HLA-DQ2 and HLA-DQ8 haplotypes, however, genetics alone cannot explain the increasing incidence rates. The main goal of this study was to determine the role of the gut microbiota in CD pathogenesis in the first five years of life.DesignWe conducted a longitudinal study focusing on three developmental phases of the gut microbiota (ages 1, 2.5 and 5 years). The fecal samples were obtained from 16 children who developed CD and 16 matched controls. We used 16S sequencing combined with functional analysis, flow cytometry, immunoglobulin A (IgA) sequencing (IgA-seq), and plasma metabolomics to determine a microbial link to CD pathogenesis.ResultsWe identified a distinct gut microbiota composition in CD progressors (CDP, children who developed CD during or after their gut microbiota were sampled) in each developmental phase. Pathogenesis and inflammation-related microbial pathways were enriched in CDP. Moreover, they had significantly more IgA coated bacteria and the IgA targets were significantly different compared to controls. Proinflammatory and pathogenesis-related metabolic pathways were enriched in CDP. Further, we identified inflammatory metabolites, particularly microbiota-derived taurodeoxycholic acid (TDCA) as increased in CDP.ConclusionOur study defines an inflammatory gut microbiota for the CDP including its composition, function, IgA response and related plasma metabolites. The inflammatory nature of CD gut microbiota during development is potentially related to the onset of the disease. Targeting inflammatory bacteria in this critical window could affect the pathogenesis and prognosis of CD.Significance of this studyWhat is already known on this subject?Celiac Disease (CD) is a gluten induced immune-mediated disease in genetically predisposed individuals.CD incidence is increasing worldwide which genetics alone cannot explain. Previous studies have shown that the gut microbiota of CD patients differ from that of healthy populations. However, the role of the microbiome in CD pathogenesis and its role in chronic inflammation is yet be established.What are the new findings?In a prospective longitudinal study in children using samples representing all three phases of gut microbiota development (ages 1, 2.5 and 5), we identified significant differences in the composition and function of gut microbiota at each phase. Pathogenesis and inflammation-related functions are enriched in the gut microbiome of CD progressors.We applied IgA-sequencing to identify inflammatory bacteria in both healthy subjects and CD progressors. Flow Cytometry analysis identified more IgA coated bacteria at ages 1 and 5 in CD progressors, indicating an early inflammatory response. CD bacterial IgA targets also differed significantly from healthy controls.We analyzed plasma metabolites obtained at age 5. The CD plasma metabolome was significantly different from healthy controls. Particularly, proinflammatory plasma metabolites, including microbiota-derived taurodeoxycholic acid (TDCA) and isobutyryl-L-carnitine, were increased two-fold in CD progressors.How might it impact clinical practice in the foreseeable future?Our results establish a link between gut microbiota composition and chronic inflammation in CD during child development. The highly IgA-coated bacteria identified in IgA sequencing and inflammatory bacteria potentially contribute to CD pathogenesis. Targeting these bacteria in the early stages of CD development could be a preventative tool.TDCA is a microbiota-derived proinflammatory metabolite increased two-fold in CD progressors. Increased TDCA levels may be used as a predictive/diagnostic tool in genetically predisposed subjects. Moreover, targeting TDCA-producing bacteria (e.g., Clostridium XIVa species) could potentially help to control the intestinal inflammation in CD.Developing anti-inflammatory probiotics/prebiotics might be viable therapeutics for altering microbiota composition in children genetically predisposed for CD. These microbes/compounds may also complement a gluten-free diet in patients that continue to experience persistent CD symptoms.

Download Full-text

Cranial crassicaudiasis in two coastal dolphin species from South Africa is predominantly a disease of immature individuals

Diseases of Aquatic Organisms ◽

10.3354/dao03468 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 139 ◽

pp. 93-102 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

MF Van Bressem ◽

P Duignan ◽

JA Raga ◽

K Van Waerebeek ◽

N Fraijia-Fernández ◽

...

Keyword(s):

South Africa ◽

Bone Development ◽

Bottlenose Dolphins ◽

Fatal Outcome ◽

Population Level ◽

Cape Coast ◽

Osteolytic Lesions ◽

Immune Mediated ◽

Significant Difference ◽

The Difference

Crassicauda spp. (Nematoda) infest the cranial sinuses of several odontocetes, causing diagnostic trabecular osteolytic lesions. We examined skulls of 77 Indian Ocean humpback dolphins Sousa plumbea and 69 Indo-Pacific bottlenose dolphins Tursiops aduncus, caught in bather-protecting nets off KwaZulu-Natal (KZN) from 1970-2017, and skulls of 6 S. plumbea stranded along the southern Cape coast in South Africa from 1963-2002. Prevalence of cranial crassicaudiasis was evaluated according to sex and cranial maturity. Overall, prevalence in S. plumbea and T. aduncus taken off KZN was 13 and 31.9%, respectively. Parasitosis variably affected 1 or more cranial bones (frontal, pterygoid, maxillary and sphenoid). No significant difference was found by gender for either species, allowing sexes to be pooled. However, there was a significant difference in lesion prevalence by age, with immature T. aduncus 4.6 times more likely affected than adults, while for S. plumbea, the difference was 6.5-fold. As severe osteolytic lesions are unlikely to heal without trace, we propose that infection is more likely to have a fatal outcome for immature dolphins, possibly because of incomplete bone development, lower immune competence in clearing parasites or an over-exuberant inflammatory response in concert with parasitic enzymatic erosion. Cranial osteolysis was not observed in mature males (18 S. plumbea, 21 T. aduncus), suggesting potential cohort-linked immune-mediated resistance to infestation. Crassicauda spp. may play a role in the natural mortality of S. plumbea and T. aduncus, but the pathogenesis and population level impact remain unknown.

Download Full-text

IMPLICAÇÕES ODONTOLÓGICAS DO ACOMETIMENTO PELA DOENÇA CELÍACA

International Journal of Science Dentistry ◽

10.22409/ijosd.v0i54.40304 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Sérgio Spezzia

Keyword(s):

Celiac Disease ◽

Early Diagnosis ◽

Dental Enamel ◽

Enamel Hypoplasia ◽

Dental Enamel Hypoplasia ◽

Keywords Celiac Disease ◽

Intestino Delgado

Resumo Doença celíaca (DC) consta de desordem inflamatória crônica autoimune, que desencadeia reação autoimune na região do intestino delgado. As modificações ocasionadas pela DC na mucosa do intestino delgado possuem reversibilidade, ao passo que orienta-se os pacientes a não ingerir mais alimentação que contenha o glúten. Deve ser adotada também como medida a averiguação das bulas dos remédios, no intuito de verificar se os mesmos contém traços de glúten em sua fórmula. Existem inúmeros pacientes assintomáticos, o que dificulta a determinação diagnóstica e sabe-se que caso não se proceda ao diagnóstico e ao tratamento da DC em tempo hábil pode haver complicações indesejáveis. O objetivo do presente artigo foi averiguar acerca das manifestações bucais ocorridas em pacientes doentes em decorrência da presença da DC. As principais manifestações orais da DC que podem ocorrer envolvem hipossalivação; glossites; defeitos de esmalte; úlceras aftosas recorrentes; estomatites; aftas; manchas por insuficiência ou por excesso de cálcio, dentre outras. O conhecimento e a conscientização prévia pelos cirurgiões dentistas acerca das repercussões bucais acarretadas pela possível presença da DC em seus pacientes é de fundamental importância para o aprimoramento diagnóstico e para a adoção de condutas odontológicas apropriadas. Palavras-chave: Doença Celíaca. Dieta. Diagnóstico Precoce. Hipoplasia do Esmalte Dentário. Keywords: Celiac Disease. Diet. Early Diagnosis. Dental Enamel Hypoplasia.

Download Full-text

Dual threat of comorbidity of celiac disease and systemic lupus erythematosus

Journal of International Medical Research ◽

10.1177/03000605211012258 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 49 (5) ◽

pp. 030006052110122

Author(s):

Yimin Ma ◽

Duanming Zhuang ◽

Zhenguo Qiao

Keyword(s):

Systemic Lupus Erythematosus ◽

Celiac Disease ◽

Lupus Erythematosus ◽

Clinical Manifestations ◽

Failure To Thrive ◽

Severe Malnutrition ◽

Systemic Lupus ◽

Electrolyte Disorders ◽

Diagnostic Challenge ◽

Immune Mediated

Celiac disease (CD) is a chronic immune-mediated intestinal disease that is characterized by production of autoantibodies directed against the small intestine. The main clinical manifestations of CD are typically defined as those related to indigestion and malabsorption. These manifestations include unexplained diarrhea or constipation, abdominal pain, bloating, weight loss, anemia, failure-to-thrive in children, and decreased bone density. Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is an autoimmune disease characterized by heterogeneous clinical manifestations, which may also involve the gastrointestinal tract. Comorbidity of CD and SLE is rare, and the overlapping symptoms and nonspecific clinical presentation may pose a diagnostic challenge to clinicians. We report here a case of SLE with CD, which mainly manifested as recurrent diarrhea, uncorrectable electrolyte disorders, and severe malnutrition. Through review, we hope to further improve our understanding and diagnostic level of this combination of diseases.

Download Full-text

AB0345 Th9 CELLS AND THEIR ASSOCIATED CYTOKINES: THE PROBABLE PLAYERS IN SYSTEMIC LUPUS ERYTHEMATOSUS (SLE) AND TYPE 1 DIABETES MELLITUS (T1DM)

Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases ◽

10.1136/annrheumdis-2021-eular.3946 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 80 (Suppl 1) ◽

pp. 1197.2-1198

Author(s):

N. Mohannad ◽

M. Moaaz ◽

R. Mohamed Shehata

Keyword(s):

T Cells ◽

T Cell ◽

Disease Activity ◽

Clinical Manifestations ◽

Moderate Activity ◽

Healthy Controls ◽

Group I ◽

Pancreatic Islets Of Langerhans ◽

Th9 Cells ◽

Significant Difference

Background:SLE is an autoimmune disease (AID) of unknown origin. Several factors can contribute to immune dysfunction in SLE.Interleukin 9 (IL9) is a newly emerging T cell-derived factor preferentially expressed by CD4+T cells: T helper 9 (Th9)IL9 targets different cell lineages, and can contribute to the development of allergic & AIDsWhether abnormal expression and secretion of IL9 are present in SLE patients (pts) still unidentified. It is also unclear whether IL9 exerts main proinflammatory or anti-inflammatory activities in SLE. T1DM is characterized by inflammation of the pancreatic islets of Langerhans. Insulitis progresses over time and β cells become destroyed then clinical DM is established. T1DM is regarded as a T cell-driven AIDObjectives:Evaluation of the expression of CD4+ IL9+ T cells & the level of IL9 in SLE pts compared to both healthy subjects & pts with another AID: T1DM.Also, to evaluate the correlation of these expressions with clinical features, laboratory parameters and SLE activityMethods:The study included: Group I 25 SLE pts fulfilling SLICC classification criteria divided into 2 subgroups (gps) according to SLE disease activity index (SLEDAI) IA: 20 pts with mild to moderate activity (<12) IB:5 pts with severe activity (>12) recruited from rheumatology clinic or internal medicine ward (Rheumatology unit), Main University Hospital, Alexandria. Group II 15 healthy individuals as a first control gp. Group III 15 pts with T1DM fulfilling the American Diabetes Association criteria as a second control gp. All pts were subjected to history taking, clinical examination,laboratory investigations: CBC,LFT,KFT,ESR,CRP,ANA,Anti-dsDNA,Th9 cell expression detection by flowcytometry and serum IL9 by ELISAResults:There was no statistical difference between all gps as regards age & sex but a significant increased ESR in SLE compared to controls & T1DM p< 0.001 p=0.001Th9 expression was highly increased in SLE pts, range 0.13-4.54% & mean ±SD=1.50 ± 1.47% than both control gps. In healthy controls Th9 ranged between 0.0-1.29% with mean 0.37 ±0.52%, while in T1DM pts ranged between 0.03 to 2.13% with mean of 0.67 ± 0.59%. A high significant difference was found between SLE pts and controls p=0.001, an insignificant rise was seen in SLE pts compared to T1DM pts p=0.157. A high significant increase in Th9 was found in severe SLE: mean of 3.74 ±1.15% than in pts with mild to moderate SLE: mean 0.94±0.88% p=<0.001IL9 level was highly increased in SLE pts: mean of 42.83± 23.98 pg/ml than both control gps. In healthy controls the mean was 8.54±13.27, while in T1DM with mean of 29.17±16.09 pg/ml. A high significant difference was found between SLE pts and normal controls p<0.001 but an insignificant rise with T1DM p=0.294. A high significant increase in IL9 in pts with severe ds compared to mild to moderate pts p<0.001.A significant direct correlation between Th9 & IL9 and SLEDAI/105 A significant direct correlation between damage index and Th9 p=0.040 but not IL9 p=0.053In SLE no significant relation between Th9 or IL9 & clinical manifestations or disease duration. A direct correlations between Th9 & ESR p=0.046 and CRP p=0.025,a significant correlation between IL9 and CRP p=0.033, no correlations between Th9&IL9 level and anti-dsDNA p=0.593& 0.4 Significant direct correlation between Th9 and IL9 in T1DM pts, still no correlation with glycemic profile. IL9 levels were significantly increased in SLE with elevated CRP p=0.033 & the % of Th9 cells were increased with elevated ESR and CRP p=0.025, 0.046Conclusion:In SLE pts; IL9 level and Th9 cells expression were significantly elevated compared to healthy controls. IL9 levels and the percentages of Th9 directly correlated with the SLE disease activity. IL9 levels also were significantly increased in T1DM pts compared to controls,but they were less expressed than in SLE. This suggests an important role of IL9 in the pathogenesis AIDs as SLEReferences:[1]Tahernia L et al. Cytokines in SLE: their role in pathogenesis of disease and possible therapeutic opportunities. Rheum Res 2017Disclosure of Interests:None declared

Download Full-text

Dopamine adjusts the circadian gene expression of Per2 and Per3 in human dermal fibroblasts from ADHD patients

Journal of Neural Transmission ◽

10.1007/s00702-021-02374-4 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Frank Faltraco ◽

Denise Palm ◽

Adriana Uzoni ◽

Lena Borchert ◽

Frederick Simon ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Gene Expression ◽

Dermal Fibroblast ◽

Sleep Onset ◽

Dermal Fibroblasts ◽

Control Group ◽

Adhd Group ◽

Healthy Controls ◽

Circadian Gene ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Circadian Preference

AbstractA link between dopamine levels, circadian gene expression, and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) has already been demonstrated. The aim of this study was to investigate the extent of these relationships by measuring circadian gene expression in primary human-derived dermal fibroblast cultures (HDF) after dopamine exposure. We analyzed circadian preference, behavioral circadian and sleep parameters as well as the circadian gene expression in a cohort of healthy controls and participants with ADHD. Circadian preference was evaluated with German Morningness-Eveningness-Questionnaire (D-MEQ) and rhythms of sleep/wake behavior were assessed via actigraphy. After ex vivo exposure to different dopamine concentrations in human dermal fibroblast (HDF) cultures, the rhythmicity of circadian gene expression (Clock, Bmal1, Per1-3, Cry1) was analyzed via qRT-PCR. We found no statistical significant effect in the actigraphy of both groups (healthy controls, ADHD group) for mid-sleep on weekend days, mid-sleep on weekdays, social jetlag, wake after sleep onset, and total number of wake bouts. D-MEQ scores indicated that healthy controls had no evening preference, whereas subjects with ADHD displayed both definitive and moderate evening preferences. Dopamine has no effect on Per3 expression in healthy controls, but produces a significant difference in the ADHD group at ZT24 and ZT28. In the ADHD group, incubation with dopamine, either 1 µM or 10 µM, resulted in an adjustment of Per3 expression to control levels. A similar effect also was found in the expression of Per2. Statistical significant differences in the expression of Per2 (ZT4) in the control group compared to the ADHD group were found, following incubation with dopamine. The present study illustrates that dopamine impacts on circadian function. The results lead to the suggestion that dopamine may improve the sleep quality as well as ADHD symptoms by adjustment of the circadian gene expression, especially for Per2 and Per3.

Download Full-text