scholarly journals Suicide and deliberate self-harm among women in Nepal: a scoping review

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sarina Pradhan Kasaju ◽  
Anja Krumeich ◽  
Marc Van der Putten
Keyword(s):  
Scoping Review ◽  
Grey Literature ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Adjustment Disorder ◽  
Reproductive Age ◽  
Mental Wellbeing ◽  
Economic Factors ◽  
Contributing Factors ◽  
Deliberate Self Harm ◽  
Self Harm

Abstract Background Suicide is a growing public health problem globally. Suicide accounts for 70% of violent deaths among women in low and middle income countries. In Nepal suicide is the single leading cause of death among women of reproductive age. The aim of this scoping review is to explore and understand the various contexts related to vulnerability of Nepalese woman towards suicide and deliberate self-harm. Methods A scoping review based on Arksey and O’Malley’s methodological framework including a combination of peer-reviewed publications and grey literature was conducted. The National Library of Medicine’s PubMed and Google Scholar search engines were used during July 2019 applying a Boolean search strategy. Results Suicide incidence was found to be higher among younger age group and married women, with poisoning as the most common means of suicide. Psychosocial and economic factors such as abuse, interpersonal conflicts, marital disputes, relationship problems, adjustment problems, unpaid loans and financial losses; and mental health conditions such as mood disorder, adjustment disorder and substance abuse disorder were found to be contributing factors for suicide and deliberate self-harm among women in Nepal. Conclusion Socio-cultural and economic factors shape family and marital relationships which impacts psycho-social and mental wellbeing of women in Nepal inciting suicidal attempts and deliberate self-harm. However, very few studies were found that explore the context of poverty, social exclusion, gender inequality, education, traditional/cultural and patriarchal system in which suicide among women in Nepal occurs.

scholarly journals Suicide and deliberate Self-Harm Among Women in Nepal: A Scoping Review

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sarina Pradhan Kasaju ◽  
Johanna Krumeich ◽  
Marc Van der Putten
Keyword(s):  
Scoping Review ◽  
Grey Literature ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Adjustment Disorder ◽  
Reproductive Age ◽  
Mental Wellbeing ◽  
Economic Factors ◽  
Contributing Factors ◽  
Deliberate Self Harm ◽  
Self Harm

Abstract Background: Suicide is a growing public health problem globally. Suicide accounts for 70% of violent deaths among women in low and middle income countries. In Nepal suicide is the single leading cause of death among women of reproductive age. The aim of this scoping review is to explore and understand the various contexts related to vulnerability of Nepalese woman towards suicide and deliberate self-harm.Methods: A scoping review based on Arksey and O’Malley’s methodological framework including a combination of peer-reviewed publications and grey literature was conducted. The National Library of Medicine’s PubMed and Google Scholar search engines were used during July 2019 applying a Boolean search strategy. Results: Suicide incidence was found to be higher among younger age group and married women, with poisoning as the most common means of suicide. Psychosocial and economic factors such as abuse, interpersonal conflicts, marital disputes, relationship problems, adjustment problems, unpaid loans and financial losses; and mental health conditions such as mood disorder, adjustment disorder and substance abuse disorder were found to be contributing factors for suicide and deliberate self-harm among women in Nepal. Conclusion: Socio-cultural and economic factors shape family and marital relationships which impacts psycho-social and mental wellbeing of women in Nepal inciting suicidal attempts and deliberate self-harm. However, very few studies were found that explore the context of poverty, social exclusion, gender inequality, education, traditional/cultural and patriarchal system in which suicide among women in Nepal occurs.

The Relationship Between Highly Visual Social Media and Young People’s Mental Health: A Scoping Review (Preprint)

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alanna McCrory
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Social Media ◽  
Young People ◽  
Scoping Review ◽  
Quantitative Methods ◽  
Grey Literature ◽  
Significant Proportion ◽  
Mental Wellbeing ◽  
Published Evidence ◽  
The Impact

UNSTRUCTURED Users of highly visual social media (HVSM), such as Snapchat and Instagram, share their messages through images, rather than relying on words. A significant proportion of people that use these platforms are adolescents. Previous research reveals mixed evidence regarding the impact of online social technologies on this age group’s mental wellbeing, but it is uncertain whether the psychological effects of visual content alone differ from text-driven social media. This scoping review maps existing literature that has published evidence about highly visual social media, specifically its psychological impact on young people. Nine electronic databases and grey literature from 2010 until March 2019 were reviewed for articles describing any aspect of visual social media, young people and their mental health. The screening process retrieved 239 articles. With the application of eligibility criteria, this figure was reduced to 25 articles for analysis. Results indicate a paucity of data that exclusively examines HVSM. The predominance of literature relies on quantitative methods to achieve its objectives. Many findings are inconsistent and lack the richness that qualitative data may provide to explore the reasons for theses mixed findings.

scholarly journals Mapping evidence on access to healthcare information by women of reproductive age in low-and-middle-income countries: scoping review protocol

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Joyce T. Shatilwe ◽  
Tivani P. Mashamba-Thompson
Keyword(s):  
Scoping Review ◽  
Full Text ◽  
Grey Literature ◽  
Relevant Literature ◽  
Access To Healthcare ◽  
Reproductive Age ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Reference List ◽  
Women Of Reproductive Age ◽  
Healthcare Information

Abstract Background Research shows that there are inadequate interventions in resource-limited settings that could enable women of reproductive age to access and use health services in those settings. The main objective of this scoping review is to map the evidence on access to healthcare information by women of reproductive age in LMICs. Method and analysis The primary search will include Google Scholar, Science Direct, PubMed, EBSCOhost (Academic search complete, CINAHL with full text, MEDLINE with full text, MEDLINE), Emerald, Embase, CDSR, PsycINFO, published and peer review journals, organisational projects, conference papers, reference list, grey literature sources, as well as reports related to this objective will be included in the study. Identified keywords will be used to search articles from the studies. The articles and abstracts will be screened by two independent reviewers (JS and TPMT). Inclusion and exclusion criteria will be considered to guide the screening. A thematic content analysis will be used to present the narrative account of the reviews, using NVivo computer software (version 11). Discussions The scoping review will focus on women of reproductive age in LMICs. We anticipate finding relevant literature on the interventions aimed at accessing health care services in LMICs. The study findings will help reveal research gaps to guide future research. Scoping review registration Not registered with PROSPERO (not needed). Protocol and registration This scoping review was not registered.

Factors associated with deliberate self-harm among Irish adolescents

2010 ◽  
Vol 40 (11) ◽  
pp. 1811-1819 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. M. McMahon ◽  
U. Reulbach ◽  
P. Corcoran ◽  
H. S. Keeley ◽  
I. J. Perry ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Life Style ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Major Public Health Problem ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Life Event ◽  
Deliberate Self Harm ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Related Risk ◽  
Self Harm

BackgroundDeliberate self-harm (DSH) is a major public health problem, with young people most at risk. Lifetime prevalence of DSH in Irish adolescents is between 8% and 12%, and it is three times more prevalent among girls than boys. The aim of the study was to identify the psychological, life-style and life event factors associated with self-harm in Irish adolescents.MethodA cross-sectional study was conducted, with 3881 adolescents in 39 schools completing an anonymous questionnaire as part of the Child and Adolescent Self-harm in Europe (CASE) study. There was an equal gender balance and 53.1% of students were 16 years old. Information was obtained on history of self-harm life events, and demographic, psychological and life-style factors.ResultsBased on multivariate analyses, important factors associated with DSH among both genders were drug use and knowing a friend who had engaged in self-harm. Among girls, poor self-esteem, forced sexual activity, self-harm of a family member, fights with parents and problems with friendships also remained in the final model. For boys, experiencing bullying, problems with schoolwork, impulsivity and anxiety remained.ConclusionsDistinct profiles of boys and girls who engage in self-harm were identified. Associations between DSH and some life-style and life event factors suggest that mental health factors are not the sole indicators of risk of self-harm. The importance of school-related risk factors underlines the need to develop gender-specific initiatives in schools to reduce the prevalence of self-harm.

scholarly journals Household Survey of Pesticide Practice, Deliberate Self-Harm, and Suicide in the Sundarban Region of West Bengal, India

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sohini Banerjee ◽  
Arabinda Narayan Chowdhury ◽  
Esther Schelling ◽  
Mitchell G. Weiss
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Suicidal Behaviour ◽  
Local Governments ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Kappa Statistic ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Deliberate Self Harm ◽  
Safe Storage ◽  
Intentional Ingestion ◽  
Self Harm

The toxicological impact and intentional ingestion of pesticides are major public health concerns globally. This study aimed to estimate the extent of deliberate self-harm (DSH) and suicides (suicidal behaviour) and document pesticide practices in Namkhana block of the Sundarban region, India. A cross-sectional study was conducted in 1680 households (21 villages) following a mixed random and cluster design sampling. The survey questionnaire (Household Information on Pesticide Use and DSH) was developed by the research team to elicit qualitative and quantitative information. The Kappa statistic and McNemar’s test were used to assess the level of agreement and association between respondents’ and investigators’ opinions about safe storage of pesticides. Over five years, 1680 households reported 181 incidents of suicidal behaviour. Conflict with family members was the most frequently reported reason for suicidal behaviour (53.6%). The Kappa statistic indicated poor agreement between respondents and investigators about safe storage of pesticides. The pesticide-related annual DSH rate was 158.1 (95% CI 126.2–195.5), and for suicide it was 73.4 (95% CI 52.2–100.3) per 100,000. Unsafe pesticide practice and psychosocial stressors are related to the high rates of suicidal behaviour. An intersectoral approach involving the local governments, agricultural department and the health sector would help to reduce the magnitude of this public health problem.

scholarly journals Instruments for Measuring Incidents Related to Patient Safety in the Context of Paediatric Intensive Care - Protocol for a Scoping Review

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Helga Oliveira ◽  
Ricardo Rafael Marques ◽  
Maria Alice Santos Curado ◽  
Maria Filomena Gaspar ◽  
Paulo Sousa
Keyword(s):  
Patient Safety ◽  
Intensive Care ◽  
Scoping Review ◽  
Selection Process ◽  
Grey Literature ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Paediatric Intensive Care ◽  
Sources Of Information ◽  
Measurement Instruments ◽  
Care Protocol

Abstract Background: Patient safety is a fundamental principle of health care, but one of the biggest challenges currently faced and a serious public health problem, since the occurrence of adverse events is probably one of the main causes of morbidity and mortality worldwide. The vulnerability of the paediatric population, combined with the potentially dangerous context of intensive care, makes Paediatric Intensive Care Units services of particular complexity in matters of safety, where there is a greater likelihood of incidents with serious consequences. It is agreed that research on the topic of PS should start with the measuring of different types of harm that exist in the contexts, to identify high-risk areas and define priorities. For this, it is necessary to resort to a multiplicity of valid, reliable and specific measurement instruments and to learn their advantages and limitations. Objectives: Identify and map in scientific literature the instruments for measuring incidents related to patient safety applicable in the context of paediatric intensive care.Methods: This review will cover studies and documents that refer to all measurement instruments used in the field of ​​patient safety in a context of paediatric intensive care. Published studies of a quantitative, qualitative or mixed nature and grey literature relevant to the topic will be included, in Portuguese, English or Spanish and produced since 2015. The sources of information include several databases and sources relevant to grey literature. The two authors will independently conduct the entire data selection process. The results of the research strategy will be presented in a PRISMA flowchart. The extracted data, after being organised in the extraction table, will be mapped in a descriptive and logical way, taking into account the defined review questions.Discussion: The mapping of the tools in these protocol will allow to summarize the most widely used instruments, to know their specificities and to guide researchers to use the most appropriate measurement tools for their context, specifically, in paediatric intensive care.Scoping Review Registration: This protocol is registered on the Open Science Framework, https://osf.io/dashboard, DOI https://doi.org/10.17605/OSF.IO/V435E.

scholarly journals COVID-19 prevalence and infection control measures at homeless shelters and hostels in high-income countries: a scoping review

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Justine Levesque ◽  
Jordan Babando ◽  
Nathaniel Loranger ◽  
Shantel Johnson
Keyword(s):  
Infection Control ◽  
Scoping Review ◽  
Grey Literature ◽  
Disease Outbreaks ◽  
High Income ◽  
Control Measures ◽  
Homeless Shelters ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Contributing Factors ◽  
Service Workers

Background: The COVID-19 pandemic has disproportionately impacted homeless populations and service workers, especially within homeless shelter/hostel settings. To date, there have been few evidence syntheses examining outbreaks of COVID-19 among both homeless shelters residents and service workers, nor has there been a critically engaged summary of relevant infection control and prevention (IPAC) measures. This scoping review offers a timely and much-needed synthesis of COVID-19 prevalence within homeless shelters and a review of current and pertinent IPAC measures. Methods: We conducted a scoping review in June 2021 that synthesized academic and grey literature published from March 2020 to July 2021 pertaining to 1) the prevalence of COVID-19 among both residents and staff in homeless shelters and hostels in high-income countries, and 2) COVID-19 IPAC strategies applied in these settings. Two reviewers independently screened the results of the literature search of several databases that included MEDLINE, PsycInfo, and the WHO’s COVID-19 Global Health Portal. All the extracted data was mapped, categorized, and thematically discussed. Results: Thematic analysis of included literature revealed five key themes: 1) the demographics of COVID-19 in homeless shelters, 2) asymptomatic spread, 3) pre-existing vulnerability of the homeless and shelters, 4) the limited application of IPAC, and 5) IPAC effectiveness. Conclusion: This review offers a useful glimpse into the landscape of COVID-19 outbreaks in homeless shelters/hostels and the major contributing factors to these events. The scoping review revealed that there is no clear indication of generally accepted IPAC standards for homeless populations and shelter care workers. This review also illustrated a great need for future research to establish IPAC best practices as well as additional resources for shelter systems to protect residents and staff at homeless shelters/hostels in high-income countries. Finally, the findings from this review reaffirm that homelessness prevention is a key to limiting disease outbreaks, and the associated negative health outcomes in shelter populations.

scholarly journals Antibiotic prescribing in UK out-of-hours primary care services: a realist-informed scoping review of training and guidelines for health care professionals

BJGP Open ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. BJGPO.2020.0167
Author(s):  
Paula Gomes Alves ◽  
Gail Hayward ◽  
Geraldine Leydon ◽  
Rebecca Barnes ◽  
Catherine Woods ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Primary Care ◽  
Scoping Review ◽  
Health Care Professionals ◽  
Clinical Guidelines ◽  
Grey Literature ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Antibiotic Prescribing ◽  
Out Of Hours ◽  
Training Resources ◽  
The Uk

BackgroundAntibiotic overuse has contributed to antimicrobial resistance, a global public health problem. In the UK, despite the fall in rates of antibiotic prescription since 2013, prescribing levels remain high in comparison with other European countries. Prescribing in out of hours care (OOH) provides unique challenges for prudent prescribing, for which professionals may not be prepared.AimTo explore the guidance available to professionals on prescribing antibiotics for common infections in OOH primary care within the UK, with a focus on training resources, guidelines, and clinical recommendations.Design and methodWe carried out a realist-informed scoping review of peer-reviewed papers and grey literature focusing on antibiotic prescribing OOH (eg, clinical guidelines, training videos). General prescribing guidance was searched whenever OOH-focused resources were unavailable. Electronic databases and websites of national agencies and professional societies were searched following PRISMA standards. Findings were organised according to realist review components ie, mechanisms, contexts, and outcomes.Results46 clinical guidelines and eight training resources were identified. Clinical guidelines targeted adults and children and included recommendations on prescription strategy, spectrum of the antibiotic prescribed, communication with patients, treatment duration, and decision-making processes.ConclusionNo clinical guidelines or training resources focusing specifically on OOH were found. Our results highlight a lack of knowledge about whether existing resources address the challenges faced by OOH antibiotic prescribers. Further research is needed to explore the training needs of OOH health professionals, and whether further OOH-focused resources need to be developed given the rates of antibiotic prescribing in this setting.

scholarly journals Study on Deliberate Self Harm in a Tertiary Hospital

1970 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
pp. 160-165
Author(s):  
AA Mamun Hussain ◽  
ARM Saifuddin Ekram ◽  
MA Alim ◽  
MA Ahad ◽  
S Qais ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatal Outcome ◽  
Adjustment Disorder ◽  
Tertiary Hospital ◽  
Comprehensive Treatment ◽  
Self Medication ◽  
College Hospital ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Deliberate Self Harm ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Self Harm

The term ‘Deliberate Self Harm' (DSH) is often used to describe behaviors through which people inflict acute harm upon themselves with non-fatal outcome, when the behaviors are somewhat linked to, but do not result in death. This cross-sectional retrospective study included 66 subjects admitted with DSH in the Department of Medicine of Rajshahi Medical College Hospital during the period of January 2006 to July 2006. Among the respondents 57.57% were female and 42.42% were male, when they were mostly Muslims (89.39%) and only 10.61% were Hindus. As regards to occupation 46.96% were students, 30.30% were housewives and rest belong to others. 68.01% were in the age of 17-28 years. 50% were uneducated, 24.24% completed SSC and rests were in other classes. 42.42% were married, 45.45% were unmarried and others were either separated or divorced. DSH was mostly preceded by recent quarrel (34.84%), followed by poor interaction with parents (19.69%) and rejection of love (18.18%). The common adopted method of self-harm were ingestion of poisons (59.09%) and different self-medication (30.30%). 93.93% had the first attempt, 4.54% had second attempt and only 1 had the third attempt. The motivations were frustration (59.09%), making other feel guilty (25.75%) and to die (10.60%). Psychiatric diagnosis included relational problem (54.54%), major depressive disorder (34.84%), schizophrenia (4.54%) and adjustment disorder (3.03%). This study, in fact suggests a special need for the assessment of DSH and formulation of a comprehensive treatment approach. doi: 10.3329/taj.v21i2.3798 TAJ 2008; 21(2): 160-165

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